GRADE X

CHAPTER-2: ACIDS, BASES AND SALTS

ASSIGNMENT I
2 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Some metals react with acids to produce salt and hydrogen gas. Illustrate it with an
example. How will you test the presence of this gas? (CBSE 2024)
2. 1 gram of solid sodium chloride was taken in a clean and dry test tube and
concentrated sulphuric acid was added to it. (CBSE 2024)
a) Name the gas evolved in the reaction.
b) What will be observed when this gas is tested with (I) dry, and (II) wet blue litmus
paper? Write your conclusion about the nature (acidic/basic) of this gas.
3. Salts are formed by the neutralisation reaction between an acid and a base. Complete
the following table by filling the missing data: (CBSE 2024 SAMPLE PAPER)
S.NO. NAME OF SALT FORMULA PARENT BASE PARENT ACID
a) Ammonium chloride NH4Cl - -
b) Copper sulphate - Cu(OH)2 -
4. “Dil. HCl is added to Zn granules.” How will you prove that chemical change has taken
place here? Support your response with two arguments. (CBSE 2024 SAMPLE PAPER)
5. Keerti added dilute hydrochloric acid to four metals and recorded her observations as
shown in the table given below:
Metal Gas Evolved
Copper Yes
Iron Yes
Magnesium No
Zinc Yes
Select the correct observation(s) and give chemical equation(s) of the reaction
involved. (CBSE 2023)
6. a) What does pH scale measure? Write its range.
b) State the significance of highest and lowest values of pH scale. (CBSE 2019)
7. Blue litmus solution is added to two test tubes A and B containing dilute HCl and
NaOH solution respectively. In which test tube a colour change will be observed?
State the colour change and give its reason. (CBSE 2019)
8. Name the acid present in ant sting and give its chemical formula. Also give the common
method to get relief from the discomfort caused by the ant sting. (CBSE 2014)
9. Why is washing soda called a basic salt? Give its any one use. (CBSE 2013)
10. What happens when:
a) CO₂ is passed through lime water in limit?
b) CO₂ is passed through lime water in excess? (CBSE 2013)
11. How would you distinguish between baking powder and washing soda by heating?
(NCERT EXEMPLAR)
12. a) What are amphoteric oxides? Give an example.
b) State the purpose for which pH paper is used in laboratories.
13. Give the chemical name of acid present in:
a) ant sting
b) lemon
c) milk
d) tomato
14. a) Write the chemical names of two salts belonging to sodium family.
b) Give two examples of alkalis.
15. Stain of curry on a white cloth becomes reddish-brown when soap is scrubbed on it
and turns yellow again when the cloth is washed with plenty of water. Explain.
16. a) You are provided with 90 mL of distilled water and 10 mL of concentrated
sulphuric acid to prepare dilute sulphuric acid. What is the correct way of
preparing dilute sulphuric acid? Give reason.
b) How will the concentration of H3O+ ions change on dilution?

3 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. Write the common name and the chemical name of the compound CaSO4.½H2O.
Write the method of its preparation. Give chemical equation for the reaction, when
water reacts with CaSO4.½ H2O. (CBSE 2024)
2. During electrolysis of brine a gas G is liberated at anode. When this gas G is passed
through slaked lime, a compound C is formed which is used for disinfecting drinking
water.
a) Write formula of G and C.
b) State the chemical equation involved.
c) What is the common name of C? Give its chemical name. (CBSE 2020)
3. How is washing soda prepared from sodium carbonate? Give its chemical equation.
State the type of this salt. Name the type of hardness of water which can be removed
by it? (CBSE 2020)
4. Complete and balance the following chemical equations:
a) NaOH(aq) + Zn(s)
b) CaCO3(s) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
c) HCl(aq) + H2O(l) (CBSE 2020)
5. List the important products of the Chlor-alkali process. Write one important use of
each. (CBSE 2020)
6. How do metal carbonates and metal hydrogen carbonates react with acids? Taking
magnesium as metal, write balanced chemical equations in both the cases. State the
method to test the gas evolved in the reactions. (CBSE 2020)
7. A white powder is added while baking cake to make it soft and spongy. Name its
main ingredients. Explain the function of each ingredient. Write the chemical reaction
taking place when the powder is heated during baking. (CBSE 2019)
8. A gas A when passed over dry slaked lime produces compound B. Identify A and B.
 How is A prepared? Write the chemical reaction taking place when A is passed over
dry slaked lime. (CBSE 2019)
9. Write the chemical formula of washing soda. How can it be obtained from baking
soda? List two industries in which washing soda is used for purposes other than
washing clothes. (CBSE 2019)
10.Identify the acid and the base from which sodium chloride is obtained. Which type of
salt is it? When is it called rock salt? How is rock salt formed? (CBSE 2019)
11.Identify the acid and base which form sodium hydrogen carbonate. Write chemical
equation in support of your answer. State whether this compound is acidic, basic or
neutral. Also write its pH value. (CBSE 2019)
12.The pH of a salt used to make tasty and crispy pakoras is 14. Identify the salt and
write the chemical reaction for its formation. List its two uses. (CBSE 2017)
13.2 ml of NaOH solution is added to a few pieces of granulated Zn metal taken in a test
tube. When the contents are warmed, a gas evolves which is bubbled through a soap
solution before testing. Write equation of the chemical reaction involved and the test
to detect the gas. Name the gas which will be evolved when the same metal reacts
with dilute solution of a strong acid. (CBSE 2017)
14.Write the balanced equation involved when:
a) Chlorine is passed over dry slaked lime.
b) Sodium bicarbonate reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid.
c) Sodium bicarbonate is heated. (CBSE 2017)
15.A compound which is prepared from gypsum has the property of hardening when
mixed with a proper quantity of water. Identify the compound and write its chemical
formula. Write the chemical reaction for its preparation. Mention any one use of the
compound. (CBSE 2016)
16.Dry pallets of a base X when kept in open absorbs moisture and turns sticky. The
compound is also formed by Chlor-alkali process. Write the chemical name and
formula of X. Describe Chlor-alkali process with balanced chemical equation. Name
the type of reaction occurs when X is treated with HCl. Write the chemical equation.
(CBSE 2016)
17.Answer the following questions:
a) State the colour of phenolphthalein in soap solution.
b) Name the by-product of Chlor-alkali process which is used for the manufacture of
bleaching powder.
c) Name one indicator which specifies the various levels of H+ ion concentration.
(CBSE 2016)
18.Crystals of copper sulphate are heated in a test tube for some time.
a) What is the colour of copper sulphate crystals before and after heating?
b) What is the source of liquid droplets seen on the upper side of the test tube during
the heating process? (CBSE 2015)
19.Explain the action of dil. HCl on the following using chemical equations:
a) Magnesium ribbon
b) Sodium hydroxide
c) Crushed egg shells (CBSE 2015)
20.a) Define olfactory indicators. Name two substances which can be used as olfactory
 Indicators.
b) Choose strong acids from the following: CH3COOH, H2SO4, H2CO3 and HNO3.
(CBSE 2015)
21.a) State the purpose of developing pH scale.
b) Mention the pH range for acids.
c) What is the pH of acid rain and how does it affect the aquatic life? (CBSE 2015)
22.Tooth enamel is the hardest substance in our body. Name the compound of which it
is made up of. At what pH of the mouth it gets corroded? State the role of bacteria
present in the mouth. Suggest a method to prevent tooth decay. (CBSE 2014)
23.a) What is the pH range for a base?
b) How can the strength of basic solution be increased?
c) Give an example of strong and a weak base. (CBSE 2014)
24.A compound 'X' is a constituent of baking powder. It is used as an antacid. When 'X'
is heated it gives out a gas ‘Y' which when passed through lime water turns it milky
and salt 'Z' is formed which is the main constituent of washing powder. Identify X,
Y and Z. Write balanced chemical equations for the reactions involved. (CBSE 2014)
25.pH has great importance in our daily lives. Explain by giving three examples.
(CBSE 2013)
26.a) Write the name given to bases that are highly soluble in water. Give an example.
b) How is tooth decay related to pH? How can it be prevented?
c) Why does bee sting cause pain and irritation? Rubbing of baking soda on the
sting area gives relief. How? (CBSE 2013)
27.Explain why:
a) colour of copper sulphate crystals changes on heating?
b) baking soda acts as an antacid?
c) an acid should be added to water while diluting? (CBSE 2013)
28.a) Three acidic solutions A, B and C have pH equai to 0, 3 and 5 respectively.
i) Which solution has the highest concentration of H+ ions?
ii) Which solution has the lowest concentration of H+ ions?
b) Why does 1M HCI solution have a high concentration of H+ ions than 1M CH3COOH
solution? (CBSE 2013)
29.a) Write the balanced chemical reaction involved in Chlor-alkali process. Also name
the products obtained.
b) Name the gases liberated at anode and at cathode respectively.
c) Name the solution used as a raw material in this process. (CBSE 2012)
30.Identify the compound X on the basis of the reactions given below. Also write the
name and chemical formulae of A, B and C. (NCERT EXEMPLAR)

31.In one of the industrial processes used for the manufacture of sodium hydroxide, a
gas X is formed as by-product. The gas X reacts with lime water to give a compound Y
which is used as a bleaching agent in chemical industry. Identify X and Y by giving the
 chemical equations of the reactions involved. (NCERT Exemplar)
32.Complete and balance the following equations:
a) Ca(OH)2 + Cl2
b) CaSO4.1/2H2O + 11/2 H2O
c) NaCO3.10H2O
33.a) A metal compound X reacts with dilute hydrochloric acid to produce brisk
effervescence. The gas evolved forms a white precipitate when passed through
lime water. Write balanced chemical equations involved in the above mentioned
chemical reactions.
b) Give the chemical name and formula of bleaching powder.
34.How is bleaching powder prepared? Why does bleaching powder:
a) smell strongly of chlorine?
b) not dissolve completely in water?
35.A white powder is used by doctors to support fractured bones.
a) Write the name and chemical formula of the powder.
b) How is this powder prepared?
c) What special precaution should be taken during the preparation of this compound?

5 MARKS QUESTIONS
1. a) Salt 'P’, commonly used in bakery products, on heating gets converted into
another salt 'Q' which itself is used for the removal of hardness of water and a
gas 'R' is evolved. The gas 'R' when passed through freshly prepared lime water
turns milky. Identity 'P', 'Q' and ‘R’, giving chemical equation for the justification
of your answer.
b) A solution ‘X’ gives orange colour when a drop of it falls on pH paper, while
another solution 'Y' gives bluish colour when a drop of its falls on pH paper. What
is the nature of both the solutions? Determine the pH of solutions ‘X’ and ‘Y’.
(CBSE 2019)
2. a) Four samples A, B, C and D change the colour of pH paper or solution to green,
reddish-pink, blue and orange. Their pH was recorded as 7, 2, 10.5 and 6
respectively. Which of the samples has the highest amount of hydrogen ion
concentration? Arrange the four samples in the decreasing order of their pH.
b) Rahul found that the Plaster of Paris, which he stored in a container, has become
very hard and lost its binding nature. What is the reason for this? Also, write a
chemical equation to represent the reaction taking place.
c) Give any one use of Plaster of Paris other than for plastering or smoothening of
walls. (CBSE 2016)
3. a) Write the chemical formula of hydrated copper sulphate and anhydrous copper
sulphate. Giving an activity illustrate how these are interconvertible?
b) Write chemical names and formulae of Plaster of Paris and gypsum. (CBSE 2015)
4. a) State the chemical properties on which the following uses of baking soda are
based:
i) as an antacid
ii) as a soda fire extinguisher
 iii) to make bread and cake soft and spongy
b) How is washing soda obtained from baking soda? Write balanced chemical
equations. (CBSE 2015)
5. Write balanced chemical equations for the following:
a) Bleaching powder is kept open in air.
b) CO2 gas is passed through lime water.
c) Gypsum is heated at 373K.
d) Washing soda crystals are exposed to air.
e) Washing soda crystals are heated above 373K. (CBSE 2014)
6. a) Identify the acid and base from which the following salts are produced. Also
mention the nature of the salt whether it is acidic or basic:
i) Sodium acetate
ii) Ammonium sulphate
b) Write the chemical name of Na2CO3.10H20 and Na2CO3. Write the significance of
10H2O. Mention the term used for water molecules attached with a salt.
(CBSE 2013)
7. In the following schematic diagram for the preparation of hydrogen gas, as shown in
figure below, what would happen if the following changes are made?

a) In place of zinc granules, the same amount of zinc dust is taken in the test tube.
b) Instead of dilute sulphuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid is taken.
c) In place of zinc, copper turnings are taken.
d) Sodium hydroxide is taken in place of dilute sulphuric acid and the tube is heated.
(NCERT EXEMPLAR)