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SET 2

ALL KERALA COMMON MODEL EXAMINATION

PHYSICS (042)
CLASS XII (2024-25)
TIME: 3 Hours MAX MARKS: 70

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and
Section E.
• All the sections are compulsory.
• Section A contains 16 questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1
mark each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains
seven questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study-based
question of four marks and Section E contains three long answer question of five marks
each.
• There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one
question in Section B, one question in Section C and all three questions in Section E.
You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.

You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
i. c = 3 x 108 m/s
ii. me = 9.1 x10-31 kg
iii. e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
iv. μ0 = 4π x 10-7 Tm𝐴−1
v. h = 6.63 x10-34 Js
vi. ε0 = 8.854 x10-12 C2N-1m-2

SECTION A
1. Displacement current exists only when
(a) electric field is changing (1)
(b) magnetic field is changing
(c) electric field is not changing
(d) magnetic field is not changing

2. The threshold voltage for a p-n junction diode used in the circuit is 0·7 V. The type
of biasing and current in the circuit are :
(1)

(a) Forward biasing, 0 A (b) Reverse biasing, 0 A

(c) Forward biasing, 5 mA (d) Reverse biasing, 2 mA

3. For a glass prism, the angle of minimum deviation will be smallest for the light of
(a) red colour (b) blue colour (c) yellow colour (d) green (1)
colour

4. A positively charged particle is released from rest in a uniform electric field. The
electric potential energy of the charge
(a) Remains constant because the electric field is uniform (1)
(b) Increases as the charge moves along the electric field
(c) Decreases as the charge moves along the electric field
(d) Decreases as the charge moves opposite to the direction of electric field

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5. In a series LR-circuit, the inductive reactance is equal to the resistance R of the
circuit. An emf E = E0cosωt is applied to the circuit. The power consumed in the
circuit is (1)
E20 E20 E20 E20
(a) (b) 2R (c) 4R (d) 8R
R

6. The ratio of the nuclear densities of two nuclei having mass numbers 27 and 125
is (1)
(a) 27:125 (b) 3:5 (c) 1:1 (d) 5:3

7. ⃗ . The electric
An electron experiences a force of 1.6 x 10-16 N î in an electric field E
field ⃗E is
(a) 1.0 x 103 N/C î (b) -1.0 x 103 N/C î (1)
(c) 1.0 x 10-3 N/C î (d) -1.0 x 10-3 N/C î

8. An electron enters a uniform magnetic field with speed v. It describes a

semicircular path and comes out of the field. The final speed of the electron is :
v
(a) Zero (b) v (c) 2 (d) 2v (1)

9. Potential difference across terminals of a cell was measured against different

currents flowing through the cell. Maximum current obtained from the cell and
internal resistance of the cell are (1)

(a) 5 A & 2.5 Ω (b) 5 A & 0.25 Ω

(c) 5 A & 0.4 Ω (d) 5 A & 4 Ω

10. A square loop PQRS is carried away from a current carrying long straight
conducting wire CD (figure). The direction of induced current in the loop will be
(1)

(a) Anticlockwise
(b) Clockwise
(c) Sometimes clockwise sometimes anticlockwise
(d) Current will not be induced

11. A beam of light travels from air into a medium. If the speed of light and (1)
wavelength in the medium is 1.5 x 108 m/s and 230nm respectively, the
wavelength in air is
(a) 230 nm (b) 460 nm (c) 115 nm (d) 345 nm

12. The magnitude of electric field at a distance of 4m from a point charge is 9N/C.
For the same point charge, the magnitude of electric field will be 16N/C at a (1)
distance of
(a) 1m (b) 2m (c) 3m (d) 6m

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13. Assertion (A): Photoelectric effect demonstrates the particle nature of light.
Reason (R): Photoelectric current is proportional to intensity of incident radiation (1)
for frequencies more than the threshold frequency.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is also false

14. Assertion (A): Susceptibility of diamagnetic materials is independent of

temperature. (1)
Reason (R): Diamagnetic materials do not have permanent magnetic dipole
moment.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is also false

15. Assertion (A): At 0K, Germanium behaves as a superconductor.

Reason (R): At 0K, Germanium offers zero resistance. (1)
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is also false

16. Assertion (A): In Young's double slit experiment if wavelength of incident

monochromatic light is just doubled, number of bright fringes on the screen will (1)
increase.
Reason (R): Maximum number of bright fringes on the screen is directly
proportional to the wavelength of light used.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false and R is also false

SECTION B
17. Identify the electromagnetic waves whose wavelengths vary as
(a) 10–12 m < λ < 10–8 m (2)
(b) 10–3 m < λ < 10–1 m
Write one use for each.

18. a) An iron rod of 0.2cm2 cross-sectional area is subjected to a magnetising field of

1200A/m. The susceptibility of iron is 599. Find permeability and magnetic flux (2)
produced.
OR

b) A small magnetised needle P is placed at the origin of x-y plane with its
magnetic moment pointing along the y-axis. Another identical magnetised needle (2)
Q is placed in two positions Q1 and Q2 as shown. Q1

(i) In which case is the potential energy of Q minimum? Q2

(ii) In which case is Q not in equilibrium? P
Justify your answers.

19. A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 650 nm and 520 nm, is used to
obtain interference fringes in a Young’s double-slit experiment. If the distance
between the plane of the slits and screen is 1.4m and the distance between the
slits is 0.28mm, find the least distance from the central maximum where the bright
fringes due to both the wavelengths coincide?

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20. A jar of height h is filled with a transparent liquid of refractive index µ. At the centre
on the bottom is a dot. Find the minimum diameter of a disc such that when it
is placed on the top surface symmetrically about the centre, the dot becomes (2)
invisible.

21. Draw the energy band diagram for a p-type and n-type semiconductor for T > 0K. (2)

SECTION C
22. (a) The density of the nuclear matter is tremendously larger than the physical
density of the material. Explain. (3)
(b) Draw a plot of the potential energy between a pair of nucleons as a function of
distance between them inside a nucleus. Write two important conclusions that can
be drawn from the graph.

23. (i) Draw a graph to show the variation of the number of scattered particles
detected (N) in Geiger-Marsden experiment as a function of scattering angle (θ). (3)
(ii) Discuss briefly two conclusions that can be drawn from this graph and how
they lead to the discovery of nucleus in an atom.

24. a) Define the term mobility of free electrons. In the circuits shown in the
figures, the galvanometer shows no deflection in each case. Find the ratio of R1 (3)
and R2.

OR

b) Find the current across each branch using Kirchhoff’s laws and hence find (3)
potential difference across cell E2.

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25. You are given three circuit elements X, Y and Z. When X is connected to an ac
source; the voltage and current are in phase. When Y is connected in series with
X, the voltage leads the current by π/4. When Z is connected in series with X, the (3)
current leads the voltage by π/4. Identify X, Y and Z and find the impedance
where all the three are connected in series.

26. Explain the property of a p-n junction which makes it suitable for rectifying
alternating voltages. With the help of a circuit diagram, discuss the working of a (3)
half-wave rectifier.

27. Draw the ray diagram of an astronomical telescope when the final image is
formed at infinity. Define and derive the expression for magnifying power. (3)

28. A square loop of side 20 cm is initially kept 30 cm away from a region of uniform
magnetic field of 0.1 T as shown in the figure. It is then moved towards the right
with a velocity of 10 cm s–1 till it goes out of the field. Plot a graph showing the (3)
variation of
(i) magnetic flux (f) through the loop with time (t).
(ii) induced emf (e) in the loop with time t.
(iii) induced current in the loop if it has resistance of 0.1 Ω.

SECTION D
29. CASE STUDY
PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
Figure shows the photo electric current measured in a photocell circuit as a
function of potential difference between the plates of the photocell when light
beams A, B, C and D of different wavelength are incident on it. Examine the figure
and answer the following questions

(1)
(i) Which beam has the highest frequency and why? (1)
(ii) Which beam has the longest wavelength and why? (2)
(iii) Which beam ejects photoelectrons of highest momentum and why?
OR
(iii) What is the effect on threshold frequency and stopping potential on (2)
increasing the frequency of incident light?

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30. CELLS
When the terminals of a cell are connected to a conductor of resistance R, electric
current flows through the circuit. The electrolyte of the cell offers some resistance
in the path of current like the conductor. The resistance offered by the electrolyte
is called internal resistance of the cell (r). It depends on the nature of the
electrolyte, area of the electrode immersed in the electrolyte and temperature.
Due to internal resistance, a part of the energy supplied by the cell is wasted in
the form of heat.
When no current is drawn from the cell, the potential difference between the
electrodes is called thew emf of the cell. When current is drawn from the cell, the
potential difference between the electrodes is called terminal potential difference.

(1)

(i) Choose the incorrect statement:

(a) The potential difference (V) between the two terminals of a cell in a closed
circuit is always less than its emf ( ε, during discharge of the cell.
(b) The internal resistance of a cell decreases with the decrease in temperature of
the electrolyte.
(c) When current is drawn from the cell then V=ε−Ir.
(d) The graph between potential difference between the two terminals of the cell
(V) and the current (I) through it is a straight line with a negative slope. (1)

(ii) Two cells of emfs 2V and 6V and internal resistance 0.1Ω and 0.4Ω
respectively are connected in parallel. The equivalent emf of the combination will
be’
(a) 2V (b) 2.8V (c) 6V (d) 8V (1)

(iii) Dipped in the solution, the electrode exchanges charges with the electrolyte.
The positive electrode develops a potential V+ (V+ > 0) and the negative electrode
develops a potential -V- (V- ≥ 0), relative to the electrolyte adjacent to it. When no
current is drawn from the cell then
(a) ε = V+ + V- > 0 (b) ε = V+ - V- > 0
(c) ε = V+ + V- < 0 (d) ε = V+ + V- = 0 (1)

(iv) Five identical cells, each of emf 2V and internal resistance 0.1Ω are
connected in parallel. The combination in turn is connected to an external resistor
9.98Ω. The current flowing through the resistor is
(a) 0.05A (b) 0.1A (c) 0.15A (d) 0.2A

OR (1)

(iv) Potential difference across a cell in an open circuit is 6V. It becomes 4V when
a current of 2A is drawn from it. The internal resistance of the cell is
(a) 1Ω (b) 1.5Ω (c) 2Ω (d) 2.5Ω

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 SECTION E
31. (a) Use Biot-Savart law to derive the expression for the magnetic field due to a
circular coil of radius R having N turns at a point on the axis at a distance ‘x’ from (3)
its centre.
Draw the magnetic field lines due to this coil.
(2)
(b) A current ‘I’ enters a uniform circular loop of radius ‘R’ at point M and flows
out at N as shown in the figure. Obtain the net magnetic field at the centre of the
loop.

(3)

OR

(a) Two straight long parallel conductors carry currents I1 and I2 in the same
direction. Deduce the expression for the force per unit length between them.
Hence define 1 ampere. (2)
(b) A rectangular current carrying loop EFGH is kept in a uniform magnetic field
as shown in the figure.

(i) What is the direction of the magnetic moment of the current loop?
(ii) When is the torque acting on the loop maximum?
(iii) When is the torque acting on the loop minimum?

32. (a) Two thin lenses are placed coaxially in contact. Obtain the expression for the (3)
focal length of this combination in terms of the focal lengths of the two lenses.

(b) A converging beam of light travelling in air converges at a point P as shown in

the figure. When a glass sphere of refractive index 1·5 is introduced in between (2)
the path of the beam, calculate the new position of the image. Also draw the ray
diagram for the image formed.

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 OR

(a ) Can the interference pattern be produced by two independent monochromatic (1)

sources of light ? Explain.

(b) A parallel beam of light of wavelength 500nm falls on a narrow slit and the (2)
resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 1m away. It is observed that
the first minimum is at a distance of 2.5mm from the centre of the screen. Find the
width of the slit.

(c) Two coherent sources whose intensity ratio is 81:1 produce interference (2)
fringes. Calculate the ratio of intensity of maxima and minima in the fringe system.

33. (a) Derive the expression for capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with a (3)
dielectric of thickness t < d inserted between the plates.

(b) Two identical parallel plate capacitors A and B are connected to a battery of V
volts with the switch S closed. The switch is now opened and the free space
between the plates of the capacitors is filled with a dielectric of dielectric constant (2)
K. Find the ratio of the total electrostatic energy stored in both capacitors before
and after the introduction of the dielectric.

OR

(a ) State Gauss law. Using it derive the expression for electric field at a point due
to an infinite line of charge of linear charge density λ. (3)
(b) If an electron is revolving in a circle around an infinite line of charge with
constant speed v such that the line of charge passes through the centre of the
circle perpendicular to the plane of the circle, deduce the expression for kinetic (2)
energy of the electron. Also plot a graph of kinetic energy Vs linear charge
density.

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