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Ch1 Force

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Manoj Vasoya
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55 views4 pages

Ch1 Force

Uploaded by

Manoj Vasoya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

SAINT PAUL’S SCHOOL, RAJKOT

Chapter: 01 FORCE
Subject: Science
Std. IV Div. _____ Name: ________________________ Roll No. : _____ Date: ____________

In our daily life, we perform many activities. All these activities involve a push or
pull. We use push or pull to move the objects from one place to another, to stop
them, to change their shape, size, speed or direction. We cannot move them until
and unless they are either pushed or pulled.

When we open the door at home we apply force to it. We either push or pull it.
So what is push and pull?

A push is a force that moves things away from you.

A pull is a force that brings things near you.

FORCE

Force is a push or a pull. We can move objects by applying force. We can also
change their shape by applying force. Let us see the various uses of force in our
daily life.
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Uses of force:
1. Move an 2. Stop a moving 3. Change the 4. Change the shape
object object direction of of an object
movement of
an object
An object can be An object can be We can change the Shape of an object can be
moved by applying stopped by applying direction of an object changed by applying force
force on it. force on it. by applying force on on it.
it.
Example: Example: Example: Example:
A table moves A player stops a moving A batsman changes A lump of clay can be
when a man ball by catching it. the direction of a ball moulded into different
pushes or pulls it. by hitting it with his shapes.
bat.

TYPES OF FORCES

Force will only exist when two bodies interact with each other. When the
interaction stops, the two objects no longer experience force. There are different
types of forces. Some of them are given below.

1. Gravitational Force

Hold a ball in your hand and release it. Where does the ball go? Does it rise up or
fall down? The ball released from your hand falls down.

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You will observe that the ball comes back and falls to the ground. In fact,
everything that you throw up in the sky falls back on earth. This happens because
earth pulls every object towards itself. The force applied by Earth that pulls every
object downwards, towards its centre is called the gravitational force or force of
gravity.

The first person who discovered the force of gravity was Sir Isaac Newton.

2. Frictional Force

Take a ball and roll it on the floor. Observe the motion of the ball. Does the ball
keep rolling or does it stop after some time?

You will observe that the ball rolls for a certain distance and then comes to a stop.
Why does the ball stop rolling?

When the ball rolls, its surface rubs against the surface of the floor. This rubbing
together of the two surfaces gives rise to a force that opposes the motion of the
ball. This slows down the ball and gradually brings it to a halt.

The force that acts whenever any two objects rub together or come in contact
with each other is called frictional force or friction.

Frictional force always acts in the direction opposite


to the movement of the object. Friction slows down a
moving object or completely stops it from moving.

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3. Magnetic Force

Take a magnet close to iron nails. What do you observe? The iron nails jump and
cling on the magnet.

A magnet has a property by which it attracts (pulls) certain materials like iron and
nickel towards itself. The force with which a magnet attracts certain metals, such
as iron and nickel, towards itself is called magnetic force.

Those materials that get attracted to a magnet are called magnetic materials.

So iron, nickel and cobalt can be called magnetic materials.

Every magnet has two sides or poles: A North Pole (marked as N) and a South
Pole (marked as S). Two same poles of a magnet repel (oppose) each other while
the different poles attract each other.

4. Muscular Force

To push or pull anything, we use our body parts. However, the strength to push
and pull comes from our muscles.

Running, walking, standing, sitting, pushing, pulling, and carrying things are
different kinds of work that we can do with the help of our muscles. The force
exerted by the muscles to do the work is called muscular force.

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