Scribd
Upload
6 views

Data_Science_Basics_Module_1

Uploaded by

nlteducation2022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

Data_Science_Basics_Module_1

Uploaded by

nlteducation2022
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

Introduction to Data Science - Module 1

Introduction to Data Science

Data Science is a multidisciplinary field that combines statistical analysis, data mining, and machine

learning to extract insights and knowledge from data. It involves using algorithms, scientific

methods, and systems to analyze and interpret complex data.

Importance and Applications of Data Science:

- Business: Customer segmentation, market analysis, sales forecasting.

- Healthcare: Disease prediction, personalized medicine, genomics.

- Finance: Fraud detection, risk management, algorithmic trading.

- Social Media: Sentiment analysis, recommendation systems.

- Government: Public policy, crime analysis, resource allocation.


Introduction to Data Science - Module 1

Data Science Lifecycle

1. Data Collection: Gathering data from various sources.

2. Data Cleaning: Removing inaccuracies and inconsistencies.

3. Data Exploration and Analysis: Understanding data characteristics.

4. Data Modeling: Building predictive models.

5. Data Visualization: Communicating insights through visual representation.

6. Deployment and Maintenance: Implementing models in real-world applications.


Introduction to Data Science - Module 1

Key Concepts in Data Science

Data Types:

- Structured (tabular data)

- Unstructured (text, images)

- Semi-Structured (JSON, XML)

Basic Statistical Concepts:

- Mean (average value)

- Median (middle value)

- Mode (most frequent value)

- Standard Deviation (measure of spread)

- Variance (measure of dispersion)

Probability Basics:

Understanding likelihood and uncertainty in data.


Introduction to Data Science - Module 1

Introduction to Data Science Tools

Programming Languages:

- Python (popular for its simplicity and extensive libraries)

- R (great for statistical analysis)

Data Analysis Libraries:

- Pandas (data manipulation)

- NumPy (numerical computing)

Data Visualization Libraries:

- Matplotlib (2D plotting)

- Seaborn (statistical data visualization)

Jupyter Notebook:

Interactive computing environment for data analysis.


Introduction to Data Science - Module 1

Introduction to Python for Data Science

Python Basics:

- Variables: Containers for storing data values.

- Data Types: Integers, Floats, Strings, Lists, Dictionaries.

- Operators: Arithmetic, Comparison, Logical, Assignment.

Control Flow:

- Conditionals: If, Else, Elif statements.

- Loops: For and While loops for iterative operations.

Functions and Modules:

- Defining and calling functions.

- Importing and using modules.

Introduction to Pandas and NumPy:

- Pandas: DataFrames, Series, Reading and Writing Data.

- NumPy: Arrays, Mathematical Operations, Array Manipulation.


Introduction to Data Science - Module 1

Data Collection and Cleaning

Importing Data:

- From CSV files using pandas.read_csv().

- From Excel files using pandas.read_excel().

- From Databases using SQL queries.

Handling Missing Values:

- Identifying missing data using isnull() and notnull().

- Imputing missing values using fillna() and dropna().

Data Transformation:

- Normalization: Scaling data to a specific range.

- Standardization: Scaling data to have mean=0 and standard deviation=1.

Handling Outliers:

- Identifying outliers using statistical methods (IQR, Z-score).

- Treating outliers through capping, transformation, or removal.


Introduction to Data Science - Module 1

Exploratory Data Analysis (EDA)

Descriptive Statistics:

- Summary statistics (mean, median, mode, range, quartiles).

- Understanding data distribution and central tendency.

Data Visualization Techniques:

- Histograms: Distribution of data.

- Scatter Plots: Relationship between two variables.

- Box Plots: Identifying outliers and data spread.

Identifying Patterns and Trends:

- Analyzing data to discover patterns.

- Visualizing trends over time or across categories.


Introduction to Data Science - Module 1

Introduction to Data Visualization

Importance of Data Visualization:

- Communicating insights effectively.

- Making data-driven decisions.

Basic Visualization Techniques:

- Line Plots, Bar Charts, Pie Charts.

- Scatter Plots, Box Plots, Histograms.

Using Matplotlib and Seaborn for Visualization:

- Creating plots and customizing them.

- Adding titles, labels, legends, and grids.

You might also like