Scribd
Upload
47 views3 pages

LS7C Week 7B Pre-Class Reading Guide

Uploaded by

cisnerosf910
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
47 views3 pages

LS7C Week 7B Pre-Class Reading Guide

Uploaded by

cisnerosf910
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

Name _____________________________________________

LS7C Week 7B Pre-Class Reading Guide


Fill out this worksheet as you complete your pre-class assignments. Bring your completed worksheet to class to use as a
reference for in-class activities.

After completing your pre-class assignments, you should be able to:


• Define pathogen
• Differentiate between adaptive and innate immunity
• Explain the ability of the innate immune system to combat a variety of pathogens
• Describe inflammation and why this is sometimes observed with injury
• Distinguish the roles of helper T cells vs cytotoxic T cells
• Compare and contrast antigen recognition between T cells vs B cells

1. Define the term “pathogen” and provide at least three examples of human pathogens.

2. Compare and contrast innate and adaptive immunity. You may find it helpful to refer to Table 42.1 in the textbook.

3. The Diagram below shows the events that take place during inflammation. Explain what is happening in each of the
three panels of the diagram. You may find it helpful to refer to Figure 42.5 in your textbook.

Cyto
4. Fill in this table as you complete the pre-class assignments.
Component of the Function in the Immune System Innate or
Immune System Adaptive?

Skin and mucous


membranes

Phagocytes

Mast cells

Complement
system

B cells

Helper T cells

Cytotoxic T cells
fi
5. What is an antibody? Explain the function of an antibody, where antibodies come from, and how antibodies help the
immune system “remember” specific pathogens.

fl
is a protein made by B cells that identi es and neutralizes speci c pathogens. When a pathogen enters
the body, B cells produce antibodies that bind to the pathogen, marking it for destruction. After the initial
exposure, some B cells become memory cells, allowing the immune system to “remember” the
pathogen. If re-exposed, these memory cells rapidly produce antibodies, providing a quicker, stronger
response. This memory forms the basis of immunity.

6. Explain how immunological memory is achieved and how it relates to primary and secondary responses to an
antigen. You may find it helpful to refer to Figure 42.12 in your textbook.

Immunological memory is achieved when memory B and T cells are created after initial exposure to an
antigen. During the primary response, the immune system responds slowly as it takes time to recognize
the antigen and produce speci c antibodies and memory cells. These memory cells “remember” the
antigen. In a secondary response, memory cells quickly recognize the antigen, leading to a faster and
stronger immune response. This rapid reaction helps the body eliminate the antigen more effectively,
often preventing illness.

7. What is a T cell receptor? Explain the function of a T cell receptor, where T cell receptors are found, and how T cell
receptors recognize an antigen compared to antibodies.

is a protein on the surface of T cells that helps recognize speci c antigens. TCRs are found only on T cells
and allow them to detect fragments of antigens presented on other cells by special molecules called MHC.
Unlike antibodies, which directly bind to free antigens in body uids, TCRs recognize antigens only when
displayed by MHC molecules on the surface of infected or abnormal cells, allowing T cells to target infected
cells directly.

8. Compare and contrast the interactions of helper and cytotoxic T cells with major histocompatibility complex (MHC)
proteins, and different types of antigens. You may find it helpful to refer to Figure 42.16 in your textbook.

Helper T cells (CD4+) interact with MHC , recognizing antigens from extracellular pathogens
and coordinating immune responses. Cytotoxic T cells interact with MHC class I molecules,
recognizing antigens from intracellular pathogens or cancer cells, and directly killing infected
cells. Helper T cells activate other immune cells, while cytotoxic T cells target and destroy
infected or abnormal cells.

You might also like