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Embedded Systems

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54 views21 pages

Embedded Systems

Uploaded by

mishrabadal825
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CONTENT
• WHAT ARE EMBEDDED SYSTEM
• COMPONENTS
• COMPARISON OF VARIOUS SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE
• APPLICATION
• CHALLENGES
• EMBEDDED SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT TOOLS
• APPLICATION
• FUTURE TRENDS
• CONCLUSION
WHAT ARE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS ?
➢AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM IS A SPECIAL PURPOSE COMPUTER THAT IS USED
INSIDE OF A DEVICE.
➢A COMBINATION OF HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE THAT FORMS THE
COMPONENTS OF A LARGER SYSTEMS.
COMPONENTS OF AN EMBEDDED
SYSTEMS
1. EMBEDDED HARDWARE :-IT MAINLY CONSISTS OF A MICROCONTROLLER
WITH VARIOUS PERIPHERAL IC’S.
2. EMBEDDED RTO’S :-ALL INTELLIGENT DEVICES THAT PERFORM COMPLEX
FUNCTIONS HAVE AN EMBEDDED OPERATING SYSTEM INSIDE.
3. DEVICE DRIVERS :-THE SOFTWARE THAT ACTS AS A GLUE BETWEEN THE
OPERATING SYSTEM AND THE PERIPHERAL DEVICE IS CALLED THE DEVICE
DRIVER
(CONTD.)
COMPONENTS OF AN EMBEDDED
SYSTEMS
4. COMMUNICATION STACKS :-IF THE EMBEDDED DEVICE IS CAPABLE
OF COMMUNICATING TO THE EXTERNAL WORLD,IT HAS A
COMMUNICATION SOFTWARE STACK RUNNING ON THE TOP OF
OPERATING SYSTEM.
5. EMBEDDED APPLICATION :-IT PERFORMS THE PREDEFINED
FUNCTION OF THE EMBEDDED DEVICE.
COMPARISON OF VARIOUS SOFTWARE
ARCHITECTURE

PRIORITIES WORST RESPONSE TIME STABILITY OF SIMPLICITY


AVAILABLE FOR TASK CODE RESPONSE WHEN THE
CODE CHANGES
ROUND ROBIN None Execution time for all the task Poor. Very simple
code.

ROUND ROBIN Interrupts routines Total of execution time for all Good for interrupt routines, Very simple.
WITH in priority the task code (plus the execution poor for task code.
INTERRUPTS order,then the task time for the interrupt routines).
code in priority
order.

FUNCTION QUEUE Interrupts routines Execution time for the longest Relatively good. Must deal with data
SCHEDULING in priority function( plus execution time for shared between
order,then all the the interrupt routines). interrupts routines
task at same and task code.
priority.

REAL TIME Interrupts routines Zero (plus execution time for Very good. More complex.
OPERATING in priority order. routines).
SYSTEMS
TOOL CHAIN FOR EMBEDDED SOFTWARE

C & C++ FILES ASSEMBLY FILES (TARGET


ASSEMBLY LANGUAGE)

CROSS
CROSS ASSEMBLER
COMPILER

OBJECT FILES
OBJECT FILE (MAYBE ANY
(MAYBE ANY FORMAT)
FORMAT)

Host
LINKER/ LOCATORS

EXECUTABLE FILE (OF


ANY STANDARD
FORMAT)

TARGET
SYSTEM
CHALLENGES

➢PRECISE ENGINEERING AND DESIGN.


➢LOW IN COST.
➢HIGH PERFORMANCE.
➢CAREFUL SELECTION OF CHIPS.
➢EFFICIENCY.

✓ IN SHORT, THE CHALLENGE IS TO PROVIDE


AFFORDABLE, HIGHLY INTEGRATED DEVICES
MEETING STRINGENT REQUIREMENTS FOR SAFETY,
SECURITY, RELIABILITY, AVAILABILITY AND AT THE
SAME TIME KEEPING THE COST LOW.
APPLICATIONS

➢AUTOMATIC TELLER MACHINES.


➢CELLULAR TELEPHONE AND TELEPHONE SWITCHES.
➢HANDHELD CALCULATORS.
➢HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES INCLUDING WASHING MACHINE, TELEVISION
SETS, MICROWAVE OVENS, ETC.
EMBEDDED APPLICATIONS
APPLICATIONS

➢ AUTOMATIC TELLER MACHINES.


➢ CELLULAR TELEPHONE AND TELEPHONE SWITCHES.
➢ HANDHELD CALCULATORS.
➢ HOUSEHOLD APPLIANCES INCLUDING WASHING MACHINE,
TELEVISION SETS, MICROWAVE OVENS, ETC.
➢ INERTIAL GUIDANCE SYSTEMS IN AIRCRAFT AND MISSILES,

(contd.)
APPLICATIONS

➢MULTIFUNCTION WRISTWATCHES.
➢MEDICAL EQUIPMENT.
➢PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL ASSISTANTS (PDA’S).
➢MEASUREMENT EQUIPMENTS LIKE OSCILLOSCOPES, LOGIC ANALYZERS
AND SPECTRUM ANALYZERS.
➢PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS (PLC’S).
EMBEDDED GLOBE
APPLICATION AREAS

4.1 3.2 HOME APPLIANCES


6.8 8.9
AUDIO/VISUAL EQUIPMENTS

3.2 ENTERTAINMENT &EDUCATION


7.3
PERSONAL INFORMATION
3.7 APPLIANCES
COMMUNICATION

5.3 COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT

9.4 TRANSPORTATION RELATED


3.6
FACTORY AUTOMATION

ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT

MEDICAL EQUIPMENT
8.5
COMMERCIAL SYSTEM
19.4 MISCELLANEOUS INSTRUMENTS
10.1
OTHER
E-MILLENIUM
➢EMILLENNIUM IS THE PUBLIC COMMUNICATION FOR
THE 21ST CENTURY. IT OFFERS SUPERIOR MULTI-PAY
VOICE ACCESS IN COMBINATION WITH POWERFUL,
YET USER-FRIENDLY WEB APPLICATIONS.
➢USERS CAN CHECK E-MAIL, GET STOCK QUOTES, MAKE
ON-LINE PURCHASES, EVEN CRUISE THE INTERNET, ALL
WHILE TALKING ON THE PHONE.
➢ A BUILT-IN ETHERNET DATA PORT PROVIDES THE
ADDITIONAL OPTION OF HIGH-SPEED WEB ACCESS
THROUGH A LAPTOP COMPUTER.
➢EXTENSIVE TESTING TO MEET FCC AND CSA
TELECOMMUNICATION REQUIREMENTS WAS REQUIRED
FOR THIS DEVICE.
STASIA SATELLITE GROUNDSTATION

➢WAVIX HAS DEVELOPED AN INEXPENSIVE TWO-


WAY SATELLITE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
SPECIFICALLY TO SUPPORT REMOTE DATA
COLLECTION AND E-MAIL SERVICES.
➢IT IS DESIGNED AS AN ECONOMICAL, HIGH-
THROUGHPUT ALTERNATIVE TO FILL THE NICHE
BETWEEN LOW-COST, LOW-THROUGHPUT
SYSTEMS LIKE ARGOS, GOES, AND ORBCOMM,
AND HIGH-COST, VERY HIGH-THROUGHPUT
SYSTEMS LIKE INMARSAT AND INTELSAT.
➢WAVIX OPERATES ITS SATELLITE SYSTEM IN
COOPERATION WITH VOLUNTEERS IN TECHNICAL
ASSISTANCE AND SATILIFE NON-PROFIT
ORGANIZATIONS PROVIDING HEALTH AND
TECHNOLOGY SUPPORT TO PEOPLE IN
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES.
FUTURE TRENDS

➢ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL


➢TELEMEDICINE
➢SECURITY
➢TELE-MATICS
➢BLUETOOTH APPLICATIONS
BLUETOOTH AS AN APPLICATION OF
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
CONCLUSION

➢THE WORLD OF EMBEDDED SYSTEMS IS A


DREAMER’S PARADISE WITH UNLIMITED POSSIBILITIES.
➢IT MAKE CONTROLLING ALL THE SYSTEMS AROUND
JUST BY A SIMPLE GESTURE AND THE THINGS
RESPOND TO YOU AS IF IT WAS SOME MAGIC.
➢AS MICROPROCESSORS ARE BECOMING SMALLER
AND CHEAPER, MORE AND MORE PRODUCTS ARE
BECOMING ‘SMART’ WITH MICROPROCESSORS
EMBEDDED IN THEM.

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