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Harmonic analysis of 3 phase inverter with R load

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25 views13 pages

Batch 1 Exp 1

Harmonic analysis of 3 phase inverter with R load

Uploaded by

Navin Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF SINGLE - PHASE SEMI CONVERTER

WITH
R AND RL LOAD

EE3006-POWER QUALITY

A Skill Test Report

Submitted By : BATCH_1 EEE_B

Guided by

Dr. P. ANBALAGAN , Assistant Professor ,


Department of Electricals and Electronics Engineering

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

University College of Engineering,


Anna University BIT Campus, Trichy-620 024
Harmonic analysis of Single-Phase Semi Converters with

R and RL Load

Aim:

To explore the simulation of a Single-Phase Semi Converter with Resistive


(R) and Resistive-Inductive (RL) loads using Simulink software.

Required Software: MATLAB R2017a.

Circuit Diagram:

Single-Phase Semi Converter with R and RL Load.

Connection Diagram:

 AC Source (Vs): The circuit is powered by a single-phase alternating current


(AC) supply.

Thyristors (T1, T2): Two thyristors (T1 and T2) are connected in the upper part of
the bridge to control the load current during each half-cycle of the AC input.
These thyristors are responsible for controlling the conduction during the positive
and negative half-cycles based on the firing angle.

 Diodes (D1, D2): Two diodes (D1 and D2) are placed in the lower part of the
bridge. They act as freewheeling diodes to allow current flow when the
respective thyristor is not conducting, ensuring a path for the inductive load
current.
 RL Load (Resistor R and Inductor L): The load consists of a resistor (R) and an
inductor (L) connected in series. The presence of an inductor (L) ensures that
the load current does not fall to zero immediately when the thyristors stop
conducting, causing the current to continue flowing in the circuit.

Working Principle:

This is a half-controlled bridge rectifier, often called a semi-converter. It uses


thyristors and diodes to control the flow of current to the load, and the key
characteristic is that it only controls the output during certain parts of the AC
waveform using the firing angle.

1. Positive Half-Cycle (0° to 180°):


o When the AC supply is in its positive half-cycle, the anodes of thyristor
T1 and diode D2 are forward-biased.
o Once T1 is triggered at a certain firing angle (α), it conducts, and current
flows through T1, the load (RL), and diode D2. This supplies power to
the load during the positive half-cycle.
o The diode D1 is reverse-biased during this half-cycle and does not
conduct.
2. Negative Half-Cycle (180° to 360°):
o During the negative half-cycle, thyristor T2 and diode D1 become
forward-biased.
o Once thyristor T2 is triggered (again based on the firing angle), it
conducts, allowing current to flow through T2, the load (RL), and D1.
Thus, the load receives power during the negative half-cycle.
o During this half-cycle, T1 and D2 are reverse-biased and do not conduct.

Operation:

The operation of the single-phase semi converter can be described step by step
for both the R load (pure resistive) and RL load (resistive-inductive).

1. With Resistive (R) Load:


o The current flowing through the load is in phase with the voltage, as
there is no phase shift.
o When T1 is fired during the positive half-cycle, current flows through
the load and T1. Once the voltage crosses zero and enters the negative
half-cycle, T1 turns off, and T2 is triggered to conduct.
oThis provides a pulsating DC output, where the average output voltage
can be controlled by varying the firing angle (α).
2. With Resistive-Inductive (RL) Load:
o In this case, the inductor introduces a phase shift between the voltage
and current.
o Even when the thyristor turns off, the inductive load maintains the
current flow for some time due to the energy stored in the inductor. This
phenomenon is known as "freewheeling," and the diodes D1 and D2
allow the current to continue circulating through the load.
o The load current is smoother compared to the R load because of the
inductor’s energy storage and gradual discharge. However, there may
be some distortion in the output voltage due to the inductive nature of
the load.

 The firing angle (α) of the thyristors controls the point at which the thyristors
are triggered, effectively controlling the average output voltage and current
supplied to the load.
 With an RL load, the current does not instantly fall to zero after the thyristors
are turned off due to the inductor. Diodes D1 and D2 provide a path for the
current, preventing the current from dropping to zero immediately.
 By adjusting the firing angle, the output voltage can be varied, allowing
control over the power delivered to the load.

Procedure:

1. Build the circuit as shown in the provided diagram.


2. Set the firing angle using a pulse generator to create the required pulses.
3. Monitor the output voltage, current, and thyristor voltages in the Simulink
model.
4. Record the average and RMS values of the voltage and current from the
display.
5. Compare the theoretical and simulated results. Both should be closely
aligned.

To configure the PowerGUI block for FFT analysis in Simulink,

follow these steps:

Add the PowerGUI Block:


Place a PowerGUI block in your Simulink model to enable
power system analysis features.

2. Configure Simulation Parameters:

- Double-click the PowerGUI block, then select Configure Simulation


Parameters.

- Ensure the solver is set to Discrete with a small time step, such as
(1 /times 10^{-5}) seconds. This setup will provide the necessary detail for accurate
analysis.

3. Performing FFT Harmonic Analysis:

- After running the simulation, you can analyze waveforms and calculate
harmonic content using the FFT tool.

Steps for using the FFT tool:

1. Access FFT Analysis:


- Open the PowerGUI block and select FFT Analysis from the menu.

2. Set Analysis Parameter:

- In the FFT Analysis window, choose the signal you want to analyze,
which should be the output voltage waveform.

- Set the Fundamental Frequency to 50 Hz, assuming a 50 Hz system.

- Specify the Start Time for the analysis, selecting a time when the
system has reached steady-state conditions (e.g., 0.04 seconds to avoid initial
transients)

- Choose the number of cycles for analysis, typically at least 3 cycles,


to improve accuracy.

3. Generate the FFT Plot:

- Click Display to view the FFT plot, allowing you to analyze the
harmonic content of the waveform.
Observation table:

R load:

RL load:

Equations:

R load:

RL load:
Theoretical calculations:

Experimental Matlab Model and Waveforms:


 Simulation for Single-Phase Semi Converter with R Load:

Simulation:

Waveform:
Harmonic analysis:

Harmonic analysis for R Load:


 Single-Phase Semi Converter with RL Load:

Waveform:
Harmonic analysis for RL Load:
Result:

Harmonic analysis of Single-Phase Semi-Converter with R and RL Load is done

successfully and the theoretical and practical results are verified.


HARMONIC ANALYSIS OF SINGLE-PHASE SEMI CONVERTER
WITH R AND RL LOAD

A Skill Test Report

Submitted by

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING in

ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

PRIYADARSHINI L (810021105065)

SURYA M (810021105091)

SWETHA S (810021105093)

YAVVANA JAYA SANDILYAN S (810021105103)

KEERTHIVASAN R(810021105315)

GOKUL M (810021105708)

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING

University College of Engineering ,Anna University

BIT Campus, Trichy-620 024

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