CBT PAST QUESTIONS ON UNITS, DIMENSIONS AND VECTOR ANALYSIS
1. Which of the following is not a scalar quantity? (a) altitude (b) magnitude induction (c)
electric current (d) heat energy
The correct option is B i.e. magnetic induction
Reason: Scalar quantities are quantities that have only magnitude but no direction e.g. LM i.e.
length, mass time, electric current, temperature, amount of substance and luminous intensity
Note:
1. Examples of scalar quantities are
(i) LMTETAL
(ii) All forms of energy
(iii) Age, pressure, area, volume, density, altitude, work-done, distance, electric potentials
2. Vector quantities are quantities that have both magnitude and direction e.g.
(i) VADIU WET MY MOMENTUM FORCE i.e. velocity, acceleration, displacement, impulse,
upthrust, weight, electric current, torque, moment, young modulus, momentum and
force.
(ii) All form of field e.g. electric field, magnetic field, gravitational field, electric field
potential e.t.c
(iii) All forms of gradient e.g. pressure gradient, velocity gradient, temperature gradient e.t.c
(iv) All forms of flux and induction e.g. magnetic flux, flux density , magnetic induction
(v) Stress is a vector quantity e.t.c.
2. Which of the following is used to measure the internal diameter of a tube? (a) micrometer
screw gauge (b) automated meter rule (c) vernier calipers (d) ungrided thread
The correct option is C
Reason: Vernier caliper measures the diameter of a rod, internal diameter of tubes and the internal
diameter of a big material.
Note: Micrometer screw gauge us used to measure the internal diameter of a thin wire (i.e.
diameter of a small object)
3. The instrument used to measure the diameter of a rod is called (a) horizontal screw gauge
(b) vernier caliper (c) micrometer screw gauge (d) convectional calipers
The correct option is B
Reason: I have once told you that vernier calipers measure the diameter of a rod
4. The unit of energy can also be written as (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is D
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Reason:
(Hope you got it? Good)
5. The specific heat capacity of a particular solid material at a temperature close to is given
as . What is the S.I unit of the constant (a) (b) (c)
(d)
The correct option is A
Reason:
Recall:
Where Q = Quantity of heat measure in Joules (i.e. Nm)
Change in temperature in Kelvin
Note:
6. A car is moving at a speed of 75miles per hour its speed in meter per second is ________ if
1mile is equal to (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is A
Reason: Great Students‼! I command you to memorize these in Jesus name that;
(i) 1mile = 1.609Km = 1609m
(ii) 1Hr = 60min = 3600seconds
(iii) 1Km = 1000m
Now,
Therefore,
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7. The product of pressure (p) and volume (v) has the unit of (a) force (b) momentum (c)
impulse (d) work
The correct option is D
Reason:
Therefore,
8. The dimension of specific heat capacity is (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is B
Reason: Specific heat capacity in the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of a substance by
Recall:
But Q is measured in joule
change in temperature measured in kelvin
But
9. Which of the following has the same unit as work (a) energy (b) momentum(c) pressure (d)
speed
The correct option is A
Reason: Energy and work done are both measured in Joule
Note:
(i) Work is said to be done whenever a force moves a body through a distance in the
direction of the applied force
(ii) Energy is the capability to do work
10. Which of the following units is equivalent to (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is C
Reason:
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But
Recall:
Therefore,
11. The momentum of an object of mass (m) is p, which quantity has the same unit as (a)
velocity (b) energy (c) force (d) power
The correct option is B
Reason:
Therefore,
Recall: is approximately equal to kinetic energy
12. The thickness of a thin film of semi-conducting material is . This value in km is? (a)
(b) (c) (d)
The correct option is B
Reason:
Therefore,
13. Which of the following is a fundamental quantity (a) speed (b) volume (c) torque (d)
luminous intensity
The correct option is D
Reason: Fundamental quantities are quantities from which other quantities are derived e.g.
LMTETAL i.e. length, mass, time, electric current, temperature, amount of substance and luminous
intensity.
Note: Any quantity that is not found in LMTETAL is a derived quantity.
14. ________ is a frictional force per unit of liquid when it is in a region of unit velocity gradient
(a) surface (b) capillarity (c) bulk modulus (d) coefficient of viscosity
The correct option is D
Reason: Coefficient of viscosity is defined as the frictional force per unit area when it is in a region
of a unit velocity gradient.
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i.e.
note: It has a dimension of
15. The following are examples of vector quantities except (a) weight (b) force (c) pressure (d)
momentum
The correct option is C
Reason: Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction e.g. VADU WET MY MOMENTUM
FORCE i.e. velocity, acceleration, displacement, impulse, upthrust, weight, electric current, torque,
moment, young modulus, momentum and force.
16. Orthogonality of vectors is best illustrated by (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is D
Reason: Orthogonality of vectors is a phenomenon whereby two vectors have the angle of
Note: Orthogonal vectors are inclined at to each other.
17. A speed s of an ocean wave is proportional to the acceleration due to gravity (g) wavelength
and density of the wave such that where k is a dimensionless constant.
The correct equation for the speed of the ocean wave is √ (b) (c)
√ (d) √
The correct option is D
Reason: Speed (s) depends directly on and
But
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Comparing both sides
For *by introducing an unreal )
For
For
Put in eqn
But
18. The speed of sound ina medium is determined to depend on the young’s modulus
the density of the medium and the wavelength . The speed of sound in the medium is
________ (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is D
Reason:
But
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Comparing both sides
For
For
For
Put
Put in equation
( )
Therefore,
19. Find the scalar product of with the angle between
them (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is A
Reason:
Scalar product
Magnitude of A i.e. | | √ √ √
Magnitude of B i.e. | | √ √ √
Recall: Angle between two vectors
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(| )
|| |
( )
√ √
20. If . What are and
(a) and 14 (b) and 12 (c) 10.72 and 3.74 (d) 35 and 13
The correct option is A
Reason:
| |
21. Two insects A and B fly in space with uniform velocities
. The insects fly ______ to each other (a) parallel (b) clock wise (c) at right angle (d)
rotational
The correct option is C
Reason: We are required to find the angle between the two insects
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(| ||
)
|
| | √ √ √
| | √ √ √
( )
√
Therefore, the insects fly at right angle to each other i.e.
22. If what is ? (a) 942
(b) 540 (c) 99 (d) 384
The correct option is C
Reason:
| |
( )
23. The vector product of is equal to (a)
(b) (c) (d)
The correct option is A
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Reason:
Therefore cross product of I E and H i.e. | |
( — ) ( ) ( )
24. The angle between the vector E and H if is equal to (a)
123.7radian (b) 123.7degree (c) 12.37radian (d) 12.37degree
The correct option is A
Reason:
Recall: (| || |
)
| | √ √ √
| | √ √ √
( )
√ √
25. Find the scalar product of the vectors A and if
(a) (b) (c) (d) 18
The correct option is D
Reason:
But | |
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| | | | | |
Therefore
26. Two bodies A and B move with velocities NW and SE respectively. Calculate
the velocity of B with respect to A (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is C
Reason:
First body (A) Second body (B)
Note: (i) Velocity of B with respect to A means A changes its direction i.e. from NW to SE
(ii) Velocity of A with respect to B means B changes direction from SE to NW okay? Good
Now, the new velocity of A is 10m/s SE.
Therefore, the velocity of B with respect to A
27. Two cars A and B move with velocity of North and North respectively.
The velocity of B with respect to A is? (a) North (b) North (c)
South (d) South
The correct option is C
Reason:
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Car A Car B
Velocity of B with respect to A means A changes direction from North to South i.e. the negative
direction (i.e. South)
Therefore the velocity of B with respect to A
28. A body of mass 10.0kg is acted on by two perpendicular forces and
what is the vector acceleration of the body? (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is A
Reason:
The two forces are perpendicular i.e.
√ (Pythagoras theorem)
Recall: (Newton’s 2nd law of motion)
29. A tug boat is travelling from Asaba to Onitsha across the river Niger with a resultant
velocity of 20knots. If the river flows at 12 knots, the direction of motion of the boat relative
to the direction of water flow is (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is B
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Reason:
Lets firstly draw the vector diagram OK? Good.
Using
( )
30. The magnitude of the resultant vectors of magnitude 5N and 12N inclined at to each
other is (a) 3.5N (b) 7N (c) 8.5N (d) 13N
The correct option is D
Reason:
By drawing the vector diagram, we have
31. If 3 forces act ona body. Find the
resultant in magnitude and direction (a) 71.14, 34.8 to the x – axis in the 1st quadrant (b)
0
to the x – axis in the 2nd quadrant (c) to the x – axis in the 3rd
quadrant (d) to the x – axis in the 4th quadrant
The correct option is B
Reason:
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Note: (i) north of east i.e. NE means the angle is inclined to the east
(ii) East of North i.e. EN means the angle is inclined to the North OK? Good of you.
Now, drawing the vector diagram, we have;
Forces Horizontal component Vertical component
Recall: √( )
Recall: Direction ( )
( )
Negative sign indicates that the angle is on the negative axis for tangent i.e. 2nd quadrant
Therefore, the answer 71.14N, to the x – axis in the 2nd quadrant
32. is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to (a) (b) (c) (d)
The correct option is D
Reason:
This means is equal in magnitude but opposite in direction to
33. The resultant displacement of a car that travels 10km east, then 20km north and finally
30km in the direction is (a) 60km east (b) 38.5km, North of west (c) 38.5km,
(c) 60km,
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The correct option is B
Reason:
Lets draw the vector diagram Sister Victoria Okay?
Now, resolving,
Displacement Horizontal Vertical
10km 10 0
20km 0 20
30km
Recall: √
Direction ( )
( )
The negative sign shows that θ is on the 2nd quadrant (i.e. tan is negative on the 2ndn qquadrant)
along North west direction.
Therefore, the answer is 38.5km,
