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CH 7

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6 views2 pages

CH 7

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fffmmm6900
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CHAPTER 7 The Structure of Quantum Mechanics III 203

Since f (2π ) = f (0) and g(2π ) = g(0) , the boundary term vanishes and we
have:
 2π
dg ∗
g|Ôf = − (−i) f dϕ
0 dϕ
 2π
dg ∗
= i f dϕ
0 dϕ
 2π  
dg ∗
= −i f dϕ
0 dϕ
= g|Ôf , ⇒ Ô is Hermitian

Quiz
 
0 1
1. Consider the Pauli matrix σx = . Use the eigenvectors of this matrix
1 0
to construct a unitary transformation such that:
 
λ1 0
U † σx U =
0 λ2
where λ1,2 are the eigenvalues of σx .
2. For the following matrix:

2 i 0
X= −i −2 0
0 0 0
( a ) Show that the eigenvalues are (2, i, −i) .
( b ) Find the eigenvectors of the matrix and normalize them.
( c ) Construct a transformation matrix S , find its inverse and show that it
diagonalizes X.

3. Using the completeness relation for |x and x|p find a representation ψ(p)
in terms ψ  (x) .

4. If A and B are operators, show that eA eB = eA+B e[A,B]/2


5. If A is a Hermitian operator, under what conditions with F (A) be Hermitian?
204 CHAPTER 7 The Structure of Quantum Mechanics III

6. Show that

( a ) p̂, x̂ n = −ih̄nx̂ n−1 ,
 
( b ) p̂, f x̂ = −ih̄ df dx

7. Let an operator
∂ ∂ ∂
 = and B̂ = −i + .
∂x ∂x ∂y

( a ) Show [Â, B̂ ] = 0 by applying the commutator to a test function f (x, y) .


( b ) Show that f (x, y) = e–x+y is an eigenfunction of  with eigenvalue
λ = −1. Is it an eigenfunction of B̂ ? If so, what is the eigen value?
8. Suppose that {|+ , |− } . Form an orthonormal basis for a two-dimensional
vector space.
( a ) Find the matrix representations of the operators |+ +| and |− −| .
( b ) Are these operators projection operators?
( c ) Let |ψ = 2i|+ − 4|− . Is |ψ normalized? If not, normalize the state.
Find the representation of |ψ ψ as a column vector.
( d ) Find the action of |+ +| and |− −| on the normalized state |ψ ,
using both the outer product notation and by the action of the matrices
representing these operators.

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