Lab Manual BT 206
Lab Manual BT 206
Lab Manual
Language Lab & Seminars
(BT-206)
Department of
Engineering Science & Humanities
CERTIFICATE
Department
During year2021-22
Signature of
Faculty In-charge
LANGUAGE LAB & SEMINARS P a g e |3
Course Objectives: This course intends to impart practical training in the use of English
language for communicative purposes and aims to develop student’s personality through
laboratory.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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1 Introducing oneself
3 Debate
4 Public Speaking
5 Oral Skills
6 Telephonic Etiquette
7 Extempore Speech
8 Reading Comprehension
9 Role Play
10 Book Review
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1. Introducing Oneself
Make eye contact- Eye contact indicates your engagement and interested in the
interaction. Eye contact is one way to connect with another human, and shows that the
other persons are paying attention. Your eye contact shows that you are open, engaged and
ready for conversation.
a. If you are not comfortable looking straight in the eyes, stare at the point between the
eyebrows, and the difference will not be noticeable.
b. If you are in group communication, make regular eye contact with your surroundings.
Smile-It is essential to keep a genuine, bright smile when you meet a new person. Be
genuinely happy and enthusiastic when you meet someone new and greet him warmly to
create a genuine smile. The upper part of your face in your smile brings a genuine smile
and a less fabricated smile.
Use appropriate body language- your body language communicates more than words.
We should be confident and at ease when we communicate. Be careful about facial
expressions, posture and gestures. You should keep your head high and your back straight.
Observe the body language of people around you very carefully. Also, observe the pace of
speech and tone of speech of those people who have impressive communication skills.
Exchange names - If the introduction is formal say, "Hello, I'm (first name) (last name)."
If it is informal, say "Hi, I'm (first name). After you stating your name, ask other person
his name by saying "What is your name?" in a polite tone. When you learn the other
person's name, repeat it by saying "It's a pleasure to meet you, Amit" or "Nice to meet you,
Amit.”
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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• Repeating the name will help you to remember and give the introduction more personal
touch.
Ask questions-It is essential to show interest in the other person. Ask where he is from,
what he does for a living, or ask about any common bonds you may have. Ask about what
he loves to do and the passions she has in life. Show that you are engaged and interested in
what he has to say.
• You may tell a little bit of your background and share about yourself. You can start from
where you work or what you do?
• Do not take the opportunity to talk only about yourself. You will come across as selfish
or uninteresting.
Close the conversation- After you have met someone for the first time, you should end the
conversation by restating that you enjoyed meeting. You can end formal conversation by
saying something like:"Mrs. Castro, I am delighted to have met you. I hope we can talk
again soon.” If your conversation is informal, you can say: "It was great meeting you,
Harold. Hope to see you around”.
Greet the audience and state your name- If you are giving a speech, it's important to say
your first and last name. As you say hello and say your name, remember to speak clearly
and confidently.
Share some relevant information about yourself - After you provide your name, share
why you and the speech are connected, make sure you provide your credibility.
Communicate Effectively - From the start, ensure your voice is loud enough for
everybody hears you. Avoid mumbling by enunciating your consonants crisply. You’ll
even raise the audience if you're speaking loudly enough for all to hear. Individuals won't
perceive you or respect what you are sharing if they can't listen to you.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Introducing Yourself at a Professional Event
Say your full name - You should always provide your full name so that the person can
remember your name. You can say, "Hi, my name is Mark Salazar," or "Hello, I'm Angela
Grace," and they'll be more likely to remember you.
Respects people’s space- If you have items, do not place them on recruiter’s or presenter’s
table. Respect their space and don’t overwhelm them. You can also create disruption by
toppling posters or destroying pamphlets. Wait to be asked to exchange business cards,
resumes, or other forms of identification.
Follow up with a question - If the person has asked you what you do first, don't just walk
away and praise yourself for a job well done. Instead, inquire as to what the person does in
return. This shows that you have a real interest in this person's career path and you want to
connect with him.
Say goodbye like a professional -Don't just wave and say, "Nice meeting you" and walk
away from the person. Anyone you meet can help you in the future, so make sure that you
make eye contact, repeat the person's name, and exchange business cards or any other
pieces of relevant information before you walk away to keep contact with that person.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Activity
Description of activity: All students will introduce themselves on a one-to-one basis
including, all the points discussed during the lab session. One student will present, other
will listen and note down the missing information. As soon as, a student completes the
introduction, the teacher will provide feedback individually for improvement.
Activity: 1Give your introduction in detail, keeping in mind all the points discussed during
the lab session.
Activity: 2Imagine that you are Mr. Lalit Mishra. You have done MTech. Now you are
facing an interview in an MNC, and you have been asked to speak something about
yourself, so, on behalf of Mr. Lalit Mishra, professionally introduce yourself.
Viva questions:
Q.1 Give your introduction including, all the points discussed during the lab session.
Q.2What are your weaknesses and strengths?
Q.3Where do you see yourself five, ten, fifteen years from now?
Q.4What is the role of body language in self-introduction.
Q.5What are the key points when you are introducing yourself before strangers?
Q.6 What are the key elements when you introduce yourself in an interview?
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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2. Social Roles
We socially construct the world around us in many ways. In other words, we use our social
interactions with others to make sense and give purpose to our lives. One way in which we
do this is to create social structures that give us clues for how to behave. Statuses and roles
are two of those structures.
A social role defines a set of behaviors that are expected from someone who holds a
particular status. We need to be very clear with status and a role, the basic difference
between them is that we occupy status and play a role. Every status has an expected set of
behaviors –a task. After giving birth to a child a woman occupies the status of the mother.
She is expected by caring for and loving her children play the role of mother (among other
things).
Interestingly, as the time changes role expectations also change and differs from one
culture to other. Not that way back, it had been a task expectation for mothers to
remain reception with their children and 'keep house' while the fathers played breadwinner.
Today in our culture, this still occurs but is not any longer a strict expectation of the
mother's role - just a suitable option. In other cultures, however, a mother working
outside the house remains considered to be strange or maybe unacceptable.
All typically occupy many statuses and play the roles attached to everyone. Sometimes, a
status has more than one role associated with it. This is known as a role set. For example, a
teacher plays one role with his students, another role in relation with his fellow teachers,
another in relation with the school board, and so on.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Activity
Description of activity: Each student will be assigned a role to discuss accountability.
Students will describe their assigned roles one by one, with others listening and suggesting
ways to fill in any gaps.
Viva questions:
Q.1 What do you mean by social role?
Q.2 What are the points we need to keep in mind when we discuss social role?
Q.3 Explain social role of following social designations.
(i) As a Doctor (ii) As a Politician (iii) As a Teacher
Q.4 What are your responsibilities for society as a student?
Q.5 Why should we know our role in society?
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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3. Debate
In today’s competitive world it is very essential to know about the outside world. There are
numerous ways to be aware of the outer world. Nowadays, children are largely engaged in
technology and not getting involved in actual intercommunication. So, this creates the need
to get involve and participate in debates. This competition helps them to develop self-
expression.
Debate Competition for students is very influential as it helps them to boost their
confidence, remove the fear of speaking in public, develop critical thinking, how to think
and communicate under pressure.
Students as a part of debate experience considerable advantages, whether they are part of
school debate teams or if they debate as a member of a social or political club.
The main aspiration of being a part of the debate is to convey yourself concisely so that
people around you understand your point of view and your thought process, but it should
be done by using logic that is convincing and effective.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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1. Debate hones critical thinking: Debate competitions hone the critical thinking skills of
the students and allow them to inspect and scrutinize the subject matter they have been
asked for. They develop the habit of accepting information after the proper consideration.
They learn to examine important material and throw out meaningless material. It motivates
them to analyze what is their thought process and why they think in that particular way.
3. Increases retention ability: The debate is a very creative way of increasing the
retention ability of the students as it is a vigorous and interesting way of learning which
grabs the attention of the mind thoroughly. Hence, participating in debate competitions
helps students to recall everything that they have learned when it is compared to traditional
learning.
4. Team bonding and collaboration: Team bonding and collaboration are one of the
things which build up during the debate. Collaborating in debate helps it to go well in a
smooth manner and students participating in it feel confident and get support from their
team members. It leads to strong team bonding.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Prepare for the debate topic: - Never believe you know everything about the topic, and
you can participate without any preparation. Learn more about the topic and be fully
knowledgeable about it.
1. Always remain focused on the topic, whether it is a question you are asked or a subject
you have been asked to talk about. Do not stray too far from the question and stick to the
topic.
2. Always remember when you participate in a debate to be sure your pace is smooth,
clear, and appealing so that it can maintain the interest of others and that they can
understand your viewpoint.
3. Ensure that your body language complements the content of your arguments. Using
body language effectively maintains the attention of other people and it conveys a
message.
4. Participants need to pay very close attention to everything the opponents say in the
competition. Take solid notes that you believe will be valuable in expanding your
understanding.
5. Justify each claim you make with a relevant example or story that clarifies and illustrates
what you're trying to say. Always conclude it with strong points.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Activity
Description of activity: The class will be divided into four groups, with each group
receiving a topic for discussion. When one group is discussing, the other groups will listen
attentively and note any errors so that they can avoid them; at the conclusion of the
discussion, the teacher will provide feedback for improvement. Following the feedback, a
new topic will be assigned, and the teacher will monitor the implementation of the
feedback.
Viva questions:
Q.1 What do you understand by debate?
Q.2 What are the do’s and don’ts of debate?
Q.3 What is the importance of debate for students?
Q.4 How does debate competition help in personality development?
Q.5 What is the role of body language in debate competition?
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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4. Public speaking
Definition of public speaking: This process involves speaking to a group of people about
something to inform, motivate, persuade, educate, or entertain them. The five elements of
public speaking are:
Who
Is saying what
To whom
Effective public speaking: Effective public speaking involves three pillars or the three
V's:-Verbalization, Vocalization and Visualization
• Verbalization is the choice of words you use to speak to the audience. It is what you say.
• Vocalization is how you deliver the words using various pace, pitch, power, pausing,
modulations, and other vocal speaker skills.
• Visualization is how the audience sees you. This involves how you dress, grooming and
carry yourself in front of the audience.
Your posture, stance, and movement in front of the audience are all part of how the
audience visualizes you.
1. Plan: Planning for the speech or planning the speech is the most important element
of an effective speech.
2. Prepare and Rehearse: Preparing the text and the quotes are must. Once the text is
ready, rehearsal should be done for the speech to be effective.
3. Be Natural: It is very important to be natural. The only focus should be on the
speech to be delivered. Use natural, voice and accent. Practice and plan exactly how
you will present it.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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4. Stay relaxed: Being relaxed will result in good speech. If the speaker is tense, the
tension will reflect in his speech and voice.
5. Use positive body movement: Body movement should be positive which will
reflect confidence. Try to maintain eye contact with the speaker while speaker. Body
movement should complement the spoken words. Excessive use of movement may
be distractive.
6. Touch of Humor: Use a bit of humor where and when required depending on the
subject content, so that the interest or the audience is maintained.
1. Nervousness Is Normal: There are physiological reactions that all people experience,
such as pounding hearts and trembling hands. Do not associate these feelings with the
sense that you will performs poorly or make a fool of yourself. Some nerves are good. You
become more alert and focused from the adrenaline rush, which makes you sweat.
The best way to deal with anxiety is to prepare, prepare, and prepare some more.
Whenever you have the opportunity, review your notes several times. Once you feel
comfortable with the material, practice-a lot. Record yourself, or ask a friend for feedback
on your performance.
2. Know your audience: Before you begin to draft your message, consider who the
message is intended for. Learn as much about your listeners as you can. This will help you
determine your choice of words, level of information, organization pattern, and
motivational statement.
3. Organize your material most effectively to attain your purpose: Make a structure for
your speech. Make a list of the topic, general and particular goals, key idea, and main
points. Make the opening 30 seconds count by grabbing the audience's attention.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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4. Watch for feedback and adapt to it: Maintain your attention on the audience. Make
educated guesses about their emotions, alter your message, and remain adaptable. Even the
most committed listeners will lose interest or get confused if you deliver a prepared speech.
5. Let your personality come through: Be yourself, don’t become a talking head—in any
type of communication. You will establish better credibility if your personality shines
through, and your audience will trust what you have to say if they can see you as a real
person.
6. Use humor: Tell stories, and use effective language. Inject a funny anecdote in your
presentation, and you will certainly grab your audience’s attention. Audiences generally
like a personal touch in a speech. A story can provide that.
7. Don’t read unless you have to: The interpersonal connection is broken when someone
reads from a script or slides. You keep the attention on yourself and your message by
keeping eye contact with the audience. A quick overview might help you remember things
and stay on track.
8. Use your voice and hands effectively: The majority of the message is conveyed
through nonverbal communication. Good delivery does not draw attention to itself, but
rather delivers the speaker's thoughts clearly.
9. Grab attention at the beginning, and close with a dynamic end: Do you like it when
a speech begins, "Today I'm going to talk to you about X"? The majority of individuals do
not. Use a shocking statistic, an intriguing tale, or a succinct quotation instead. Finish your
speech with a powerful statement and a summary that your audience will remember.
10. Use audiovisual aids wisely: If there are too many, the immediate link with the
audience will be broken, therefore utilize them carefully. They should either improve or
clarify your material, or they should catch and hold your audience's attention.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Activity
Description of activity: Each student will give a one-by-one speech on the assigned topics.
When one student speaks, the others listen very carefully and look for mistakes or missing
information. The teacher will provide feedback after the presentation.
Topic: 1As the President of college, give an address of welcome to the Chief Guest for the
college annual function.
Topic: 2 Propose a vote of thanks on the occasion of “inter college sport festival” on
behalf of organizer.
Viva Questions:
Q.1 What is the importance of body language while speaking in front of the public.
Q.2 What do you mean by speech?
Q.3 How can speech be made effective?
Q.4What are the components of a speech?
Q.5 What are the key elements when you are addressing a large audience?
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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5. Oral Skills
1. Use your favorite technology: Our lives have been made so much simpler thanks to
technological advancements. It improves the efficiency of any task, including learning
English. Sure, you may practice any of the four parts of language (reading, writing,
speaking, and listening) without using technology, but computers, smart phones,
televisions, and tablets assist us in speeding up our learning and accomplishing our goals.
So, how do you use technology to practice speaking English?
• When using Google, select "speaking" from the drop-down menu. You can simply
accomplish this if you have a device with a microphone, such as a smartphone or PC.
Check to see if Google understands what you've stated and inserts the appropriate content.
• Choose an online conversation exchange partner to practice with using a service like My
Language Exchange..
• Schedule Skype dates with English-speaking friends and family members.
• Communicate with friends using messaging applications like WhatsApp, and record short
English language audio messages for others.
2. Go on HelloTalk
HelloTalk is a text-based app that teaches conversation using a messenger type format. It
pairs you with real native speakers with whom you can have conversations that vary
depending on skill level.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Any language can be chosen. Luckily, most people are there to practice their English just
like you, so there are plenty of people you can practice with. But you want to practice
speaking in particular, how can this app help you with that?
Well, there’s an awesome option on the keyboard that allows you to send voice messages
to your partner. They can in turn respond with a voice message of their own. However, if
your partner responds with just text, there’s an option to have the message read to you by
the app. This can be extremely helpful with pronunciation as the app does a good job of
speaking clearly.
Word Reference is a great tool that is a known lifesaver for language students. But there’s
more than just the dictionary-style website for you to enjoy!
The app includes a few unique features. It will follow you everywhere you go. You won't
have to lug (carry) a massive book around with you that takes a long time to search
through. Word Reference stands out among comparable applications because it offers two
unique features that help you to improve your speaking skills.
The first feature: The software will first read the word to you. This is an excellent tool for
learning how to pronounce a word. To get the most out of this function and enhance your
English speaking abilities, you'll need to repeat the word out, copying how the app
pronounces it. There's also the choice of hearing a British or an American voice, so pick
the one that best suits your desired English accent.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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The second benefit is the ability to quickly look up terms and observe how they are used
in context. You'll get a definition and sample sentences whenever you search for a certain
term. They're not just simple sentences, though; they'll show you how to use new
terminology in real-life situations. You'll never have to second-guess if you're using the
correct term again. Isn't that appealing?
4. Narrate your day like a reality TV show: We all want to break away from all of the
technology in our everyday life from time to time. Don't worry—there are plenty of
enjoyable and inventive methods to practice speaking without the use of technology. Have
you ever imagined what your life would be like if it were a reality television show?
Carry on with your day. As events unfold, practice your English speaking skills by talking
about what you're doing, as well as the people, objects, and issues you come across. Talk
about everything as though you're in front of a million people who are interested in your
life. If there was something tough about a particular section of the day, tell about how
simple or difficult it was for you to overcome it.
5. Translate everything, on the way: Like the reality TV program, this is an activity that
can be used into many various aspects of your life. When done on a regular basis, it may
nearly become a habit. Let's say you're travelling down the road and come across a
billboard with a humorous slogan on it. See if you can translate it into English and
pronounce it out loud with good pronunciation. If you need assistance, don't forget to use
the fantastic applications listed above! This, too, may be used to a variety of situations.
When you're ready to enhance your English-speaking abilities and start moving toward
ultimate fluency, see what you can do with these exercises throughout the day.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Activity
Description of activity: Students will be asked questions related to their life to describe in
their own words. One by one, each student will be asked questions, and the teacher will
observe elements like the clarity of thoughts, language, posture, gesture eye contact.
Viva questions:
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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6. Telephone Etiquettes
Following point shows how important it is to have telephone etiquette while talking on
the telephone:
• Professionalism
Using telephone etiquette always demonstrates professionalism. It gives clients the
impression that their work is in capable and safe hands. They'd almost certainly do it again.
• Impression
The first impression you make over the phone has a long-term impact. The telephone
etiquette you use shows that you respect the person on the other end of the line.
• Loyalty and Trust
Telephone etiquette establishes your potential clients' faith in you. It makes customers
loyal to you and encourages them to buy your products and services on a regular basis..
• Customer Satisfaction
When the customers get satisfied with the telephone conversation, they are sure that their
needs and requirements will get satisfied in person also. It gives them a consistent and
well-rounded experience.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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• Friendly Greetings
You must welcome the caller in a warm and friendly manner. The person on the other end
of the line should sense that you are aware and paying attention to his call. The joyful and
enthusiastic greeting will be returned with the same zeal. Begin with a formal salutation, a
sincere thank you for calling, a quick introduction of yourself and your company, and then
inquire what the reason for your call.
• Body Language
While talking over the phone, gestures, facial emotions, and body language all have an
influence. A pleasant voice and a bright tone on the phone convey the impression to the
receiver that you are comfortable and at ease. As a result, even when you're on the phone,
your body language is communicating. The use of professional body language creates a
positive impression.
• The Tone of Voice
Customers form ideas about your company based on how you treat them on the phone. The
tone with which you speak also conveys your mindset. Your voice should have a confident
and courteous tone toward the caller. A sweet note is produced by a nice voice pitch.
• Tact
It's not uncommon for unpleasant, distressing, or sensitive information to be sent over the
phone unintentionally. When this happens, it's critical to address the issue with sensitivity.
The tone of voice should be soothing yet firm, and the caller should not be offended in any
way.
• Active Listening
Active listening is a key aspect of business phone etiquette. With the fewest possible
disturbances, you should give the caller your complete attention. It conveys that you are
concerned about the customer's demands.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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• Appropriate Closing
Always thank your customer and make sure that whatever he wants to say is conveyed as
you say goodbye. This shows the consumer that your company is focused on them. Also,
see if the consumer hangs up on you. There will be no unintentional hang-ups as a result of
this.
Business Phone Etiquette Tips
• Conclusion:
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Do’s
Don'ts
When you are attending a call following things should be predominantly avoided:
The golden rule to follow when dealing with a phone call: If you're on the phone and
there's another call or a call waiting for you, ask the caller to call you back. Priority will
always be given to the first individual. Every call should be followed up on. When you
promise a piece of information, call back within twenty-four hours.
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Example: Telephone conversation between a lady and her local sports store
Nancy: Thank you for calling Sports Centre. May I help you?
Lisa: I bought an exercise bike from your store last year, and I am having problems with it.
I need to have it repaired.
Nancy: Let me connect you to the Service department. One moment please.
Lisa: I bought an exercise bike from Sports Centre last year and it needs to be repaired.
Lisa: I am not very sure, but I think there is a problem with the bike's computer console
because the LCD screen does not display the different features.
Karen: I can send a technician out to take a look at your bike. It will cost $75.00 for labor.
Also, if we have to replace any parts, that will be extra.
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Karen: I am sorry. The standard warranty only covers a year. Did you buy extra warranty
coverage at the time of purchase?
Lisa: No, I did not. Are there any other options besides paying $75.00 for repair labor?
CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES
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Activity
Description of activity: The class will be divided into pairs, with each pair receiving a
written conversation for practice before being given a situation in which to conduct the
telephonic conversation.
Viva questions:
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7. Extempore Speech
An extempore or an impromptu speech is one in which the candidate must give the speech
without any prior preparation. You have to talk for a minute or two on a particular topic
without any preparation. In some cases, the committee gives the candidate about a minute
to arrange his thoughts before speaking. In other cases, you will be expected to start
speaking as soon as the topic is given. Historically, the Faculty of Management Studies
(FMS) (a top-notch business school affiliated with Delhi University) has been known for
conducting an extempore session along with the GD/PI rounds in its selection process.
Extempore tests the candidates on the following:-
• Ability to think on the feet
• Topic analysis and identification of the issue to be addressed
• Idea generation
• Prioritization and sequencing demonstrating logical thinking
• Ability to connect with the panel
• Communication skills
• Overall presentation skills-body language, confidence, poise, composure, etc.
• Candidates must be fluent and well-read in order to deliver excellent extempore
speeches.
Some Tips-
Mental Preparation: Before you give your speech, be sure you know what you're going to
say. Think over the topic for some time and prepare the flow of delivery. Your previous
extempore practice sessions would surely help here. Understanding the audience, the
direction they are most likely to accept helps in framing the flow of speech. Start speaking
at an even pace. Do not start fast, as you are likely to end much earlier than the given time.
Confidence: Even in abstract areas where you are assessed on presence of mind,
spontaneity, and analytical abilities, confidence, coupled with knowledge, always helps.
Handle Mental blocks smartly: When your mind goes blank, attempt to gently move
yourself out of the situation by avoiding becoming frightened. It is preferable to have
backup plans in such instances.
Control on speech: Don't become emotional about the subject, don't get too personal on
sensitive topics, don't deviate from the issue, and don't talk about other topics.
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Presenting both sides: You may opt to investigate both sides of a controversial subject
(for example, should Republic Day festivities be redefined? ), a position that is difficult to
take in GDs owing to group dynamics problems. Because you are the only one speaking in
an extempore, it is feasible for a savvy, strategic speaker to discuss all sides of a
contentious issue. However, when choosing this stance, one must keep in mind the time
restrictions.
Competence, Enthusiasm & Adaptability is the key: Improve your competitive
advantage, which might include a strong vocabulary, broad general knowledge, and so on.
Other acceptable assessment factors include how well and swiftly a candidate adjusts to the
circumstances in which he or she is placed, as well as how enthusiastically and
energetically he or she delivers the speech.
More often than not, you can use the following guidelines to talk on an extempore topic:-
• If possible, provide a definition or particular words for the issue.
• If there are any commonly recognized categories of the topic, discuss them.
• You can utilize the chance to narrate personal experiences if the topic allows for it.
• Most essential, keep track of your time. If you only have one minute, consider
logical manner.
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Activity
Description of activity: Students will be assigned speaking topics one by one, and they
will be given one minute to organize their thoughts. One student will speak, while the other
listens and notes positive and negative aspects.
Viva questions:
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8. Reading comprehension
Good readers are actively engaged as they read, busily comprehending what the words
mean and how that meaning relates to them. They draw on their knowledge of vocabulary
and language structure, their understanding of the concept of the text and what they want to
learn, and their experience and world knowledge. Purposeful reading is a complex process
that does not happen automatically when a student first begins to read words; rather, it is a
skill that is learned gradually so that as a child grows, comprehension comes easily and
naturally. Quick and easy comprehension is the ultimate goal of reading. That is why All
About Reading starts teaching listening comprehension—a precursor to reading
comprehension—in our Pre-reading program.
Comprehension is the purpose of reading. Good readers can understand what they read,
remember it, and share it with others.
Graphic organizers: Graphic organizers visually illustrate concepts and how they are
related to other concepts within the same text.
Answering questions: Answering questions also helps you by stressing that there is a
purpose to reading, focusing your attention on what you are reading.
Asking questions: While asking questions you become aware of whether you can answer
the questions, and if you really understood what you have read. Asking questions further
hones your skill of actively processing and comprehending text.
Recognizing story structure: By looking at story structure, you will learn to identify the
various parts of a story and how they are organized into a plot. This skill develops greater
appreciation, understanding, and memory of stories.
Summarizing: You will learn to determine what is important in what you are reading and
how to condense that information and put it into your own words.
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Activity
Description of activity: Students will be given exercises to read and solve after the topic
has been explained.
Viva questions:
Q.1 What do you mean by Reading Skills?
Q.2 How can reading skill can be improved?
Q.3 Mention do’s and don’ts of reading skills.
Q.4 How does reading skill help career advancement?
Q.5 What is the role of vocabulary in reading skills?
Exercises
Reading comprehension: Read the passage carefully and give the answer of the questions
given below-
Exercice1. In the 16th century, an age of great marine and terrestrial exploration,
Ferdinand Magellan led the first expedition to sail around the world. As a young
Portuguese noble, he served the king of Portugal, but he became involved in the quagmire
of political intrigue at court and lost the king's favor. After he was dismissed from service
by the king of Portugal, he offered to serve the future Emperor Charles V of Spain.
A papal decree of 1493 had assigned all land in the New World west of 50 degrees W
longitude to Spain and all the land east of that line to Portugal. Magellan offered to prove
that the East Indies fell under Spanish authority. On September 20, 1519, Magellan set sail
from Spain with five ships. More than a year later, one of these ships was exploring the
topography of South America in search of a water route across the continent. This ship
sank, but the remaining four ships searched along the southern peninsula of South
America. Finally, they found the passage they sought near 50 degrees S latitude. Magellan
named this passage the Strait of All Saints, but today it is known as the Strait of Magellan.
One ship deserted while in this passage and returned to Spain, so fewer sailors were
privileged to gaze at that first panorama of the Pacific Ocean. Those who remained crossed
the meridian now known as the International Date Line in the early spring of 1521 after 98
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days on the Pacific Ocean. During those long days at sea, many of Magellan's men died of
starvation and disease.
Later, Magellan became involved in an insular conflict in the Philippines and was killed in
a tribal battle. Only one ship and 17 sailors under the command of the Basque navigator
Elcano survived to complete the westward journey to Spain and thus prove once and for all
that the world is round, with no precipice at the edge.
1. The 16th century was an age of great ______ exploration.
A. Cosmic
B. Land
C. Mental
D. Common man
E. None of the above
2. Magellan lost the favor of the king of Portugal when he became involved in a
political ________.
A. Entanglement
B. Discussion
C. Negotiation
D. Problem
E. None of the above
3. The Pope divided New World lands between Spain and Portugal according to their
location on one side or the other of an imaginary geographical line 50 degrees west of
Greenwich that extends in a _________ direction.
A. North and South
B. Crosswise
C. Easterly
D. South east
E. North and west
4. One of Magellan's ships explored the _________ of South America for a passage
across the continent.
A. Coastline
B. Mountain range
C. Physical features
D. Islands
E. None of the above
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5. Four of the ships sought a passage along a southern ______.
A. Coast
B. Inland
C. Body of land with water on three sides
D. Border
E. Answer not available
6. The passage was found near 50 degrees S of ________.
A. Greenwich
B. The equator
C. Spain
D. Portugal
E. Madrid
7. In the spring of 1521, the ships crossed the _______ now called the International
Date Line.
A. Imaginary circle passing through the poles
B. Imaginary line parallel to the equator
C. Area
D. Land mass
E. Answer not available
Exercise2. Marie Curie was one of the most accomplished scientists in history. Together
with her husband, Pierre, she discovered radium, an element widely used for treating
cancer, and studied uranium and other radioactive substances. Pierre and Marie's amicable
collaboration later helped to unlock the secrets of the atom.
Marie was born in 1867 in Warsaw, Poland, where her father was a professor of physics.
At an early age, she displayed a brilliant mind and a blithe personality. Her great
exuberance for learning prompted her to continue with her studies after high school. She
became disgruntled, however, when she learned that the university in Warsaw was closed
to women. Determined to receive a higher education, she defiantly left Poland and in 1891
entered the Sorbonne, a French university, where she earned her master's degree and
doctorate in physics.
Marie was fortunate to have studied at the Sorbonne with some of the greatest scientists of
her day, one of whom was Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre were married in 1895 and spent
many productive years working together in the physics laboratory. A short time after they
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discovered radium, Pierre was killed by a horse-drawn wagon in 1906. Marie was stunned
by this horrible misfortune and endured heartbreaking anguish. Despondently she recalled
their close relationship and the joy that they had shared in scientific research. The fact that
she had two young daughters by herself greatly increased her distress.
Curie's feeling of desolation finally began to fade when she was asked to succeed her
husband as a physics professor at the Sorbonne. She was the first woman to be given a
professorship at the world-famous university. In 1911 she received the Nobel Prize in
chemistry for isolating radium. Although Marie Curie eventually suffered a fatal illness
from her long exposure to radium, she never became disillusioned about her work.
Regardless of the consequences, she had dedicated herself to science and to revealing the
mysteries of the physical world.
1. The Curies' _________ collaboration helped to unlock the secrets of the atom.
A. friendly
B. competitive
C. courteous
D. industrious
E. chemistry
2. Marie had a bright mind and a ______ personality.
A. strong
B. lighthearted
C. humorous
D. strange
E. envious
3. When she learned that she could not attend the university in Warsaw, she felt
_________.
A. hopeless
B. annoyed
C. depressed
D. worried
E. None of the above
4. Marie _________ by leaving Poland and travelling to France to enter the Sorbonne.
A. challenged authority
B. showed intelligence
C. behaved
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D. was distressed
E. Answer not available
5. _________ she remembered their joy together.
A. Dejectedly
B. Worried
C. Tearfully
D. Happily
E. Irefully
6. Her _________ began to fade when she returned to the Sorbonne to succeed her
husband.
A. misfortune
B. anger
C. wretchedness
D. disappointment
E. ambition
7. Even though she became fatally ill from working with radium, Marie Curie was
never _________.
A. troubled
B. worried
C. disappointed
D. sorrowful
E. disturbed
Exercise3. Conflict had existed between Spain and England since the 1570s. England
wanted a share of the wealth that Spain had been taking from the lands it had claimed in
the Americas.
Elizabeth I, Queen of England, encouraged her staunch admiral of the navy, Sir Francis
Drake, to raid Spanish ships and towns. Though these raids were on a small scale, Drake
achieved dramatic success, adding gold and silver to England's treasury and diminishing
Spain's supremacy.
Religious differences also caused conflict between the two countries. Whereas Spain was
Roman Catholic, most of England had become Protestant. King Philip II of Spain wanted
to claim the throne and make England a Catholic country again. To satisfy his ambition
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and also to retaliate against England's theft of his gold and silver, King Philip began to
build his fleet of warships, the Spanish Armada, in January 1586.
Philip intended his fleet to be indestructible. In addition to building new warships, he
marshaled 130 sailing vessels of all types and recruited more than 19,000 robust soldiers
and 8,000 sailors. Although some of his ships lacked guns and others lacked ammunition,
Philip was convinced that his Armada could withstand any battle with England.
The martial Armada set sail from Lisbon, Portugal, on May 9, 1588, but bad weather
forced it back to port. The voyage resumed on July 22 after the weather became more
stable.
The Spanish fleet met the smaller, faster, and more maneuverable English ships in battle
off the coast of Plymouth, England, first on July 31 and again on August 2. The two battles
left Spain vulnerable, having lost several ships and with its ammunition depleted. On
August 7, while the Armada lay at anchor on the French side of the Strait of Dover,
England sent eight burning ships into the midst of the Spanish fleet to set it on fire.
Blocked on one side, the Spanish ships could only drift away, their crews in panic and
disorder. Before the Armada could regroup, the English attacked again on August 8.
Although the Spaniards made a valiant effort to fight back, the fleet suffered extensive
damage. During the eight hours of battle, the Armada drifted perilously close to the rocky
coastline. At the moment when it seemed that the Spanish ships would be driven onto the
English shore, the wind shifted, and the Armada drifted out into the North Sea. The
Spaniards recognized the superiority of the English fleet and returned home, defeated.
1. Sir Francis Drake added wealth to the treasury and diminished Spain's _________.
A. unlimited power
B. unrestricted growth
C. territory
D. treaties
E. Answer not available in article
2. King Philip recruited many ______ soldiers and sailors.
A. warlike
B. strong
C. accomplished
D. timid
E. inexperienced
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3. The ______ Armada set sail on May 9, 1588.
A. complete
B. warlike
C. independent
D. isolated
E. Answer not available
4. The two battles left the Spanish fleet _________.
A. open to change
B. triumphant
C. open to attack
D. defeated
E. discouraged
5. The Armada was ______ on one side.
A. closed off
B. damaged
C. alone
D. circled
E. Answer not available in this article
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9. Book Review
A review may a sort of literary criticism during which a book is simply described
(summary review) or analyzed supported, style or content. A review could also be a
primary source, opinion piece, summary work, or for book website on the web. A book
reviews length may vary from one paragraph to a considerable essay. Such a review may
evaluate the book supported personal taste. Reviewer may use the occasion of a review for
an extended essay which will be closely or loosely associated with the topic of the book to
promote their ideas on concerning a work of fiction or non-fiction.
1. Start by summarizing the book: This is the best way to introduce any review because
it gives context. But take care not to get into too much detail. Keep it short
and gentle because an official summary can be found by a quick Google search!
2. Pick out the most important aspects of the book: I usually break this down with
character, world-building, themes, and plot. But this might vary between books, genres,
and your tastes! Dedicate a paragraph to each of these important aspects, discussing how
well the author dealt with it, along with what you enjoyed and what you didn’t enjoy.
3. Include brief quotes as examples: Including quotes is always a great idea, because
it gives examples for everything that you’re saying! If your review talks about a character
being particularly witty, a witty line from the character lets your readers see exactly what
kind of witty character you’re dealing with here. But be careful lengthy quotes can take up
big chunks of space and overpower your review. Short quotes will usually get your points
across while letting your work shine through.
5. Find similar books: The best way to summarize a review is to find similar books to
the one you are reviewing. So, you can say, “If you were a fan of X book, I think you’ll
definitely like this one!”You can also be more specific, looking at the exact things that
might make two books similar. So you can suggest something like… “If you liked that the
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main character in X book was a kick-ass superhero, and then you’ll love the main character
of this book!”
• An early paragraph saying what the book is about, and putting it in context
• Information about the intended audience
• A critique of the argument/content of the book
• Remarks on the strengths and limitations of the book
• A note on the format and length.
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Activity
Description of Activity: The class will be divided into five groups after the topic has been
explained, with each group receiving a book to read and discuss. Each student will give a
presentation one at a time by followed of the question-answer session.
Viva questions:
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10.Role-Play
What is a role-play?
Role- play is an activity where you are assigned a role. Role-playing is any oral activity
where you put yourself in someone else's place or you can remain in your place but put
yourself into an imaginary situation. In these speaking activities, the student can assume
the role of anyone such as managers, chefs, officers, etc. and experience the joy of
learning through involvement in the character he has chosen. When planning a role for
someone else, students either themselves or the character. By being involved in the
character the student has to think in a more broadly, correct his attitude, and find facts and
responsibilities that are required for an ideal personality.
Role-play allows a student to prepare thoroughly for real-life situations and paves a way to
think through the language at the initial stage. Later, the student becomes confident in
framing grammatically correct structures/phrases and tries to make sense of them.
Role-play improves the speaking & listening skills, of the students and develops their
communication techniques. They learn to use appropriate language in real-life
communication. By providing an opportunity for students to create and participate in role –
plays, instructors can gain knowledge of each student and students can benefit through
increased interaction with the material and with each other. Role–play also motivates the
quieter students to learn about themselves in a more forthright way. Students benefit from
explicit feedback that focuses on the learning objectives that lead to the learning
experience.
Do’s
Don’ts
Have students pair up to practice the following dialogue, then have them switch roles.
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Activity
Description of activity: The class will be divided into pairs, with each pair receiving a
written conversation for practice before being given a situation in which to conduct the
assigned role.
Viva Questions:
Q.1What is a role-play?
Q. 2What are the do’s and don’ts of role-play?
Q.3What is the importance of role-play activity?
Q.4 how does role-play activity help in communication skills improvement?
Q.5 Recreate the communication situation between a patient and doctor.
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CHAMELI DEVI GROUP OF INSTITUTIONS, INDORE. DEPARTMENT OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND HUMANITIES