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JEE Main Mock Test - 3

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JEE Main Mock Test - 3

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13umarjune2007
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Mathematics Section - A

Question 1:

Sum of the series

(1+a) (1+a+a ) 2
(1+a+a +a )
2 3

1 + 2!
+ 3!
+ 4!
+ . . . . . . . . . is equal to:

(e -e )
a

a. ( a - 1 )

(e a+e
)
b. (a-1)

(e -e )
a

c. ( a + 1 )

d. None of these

Question 2:

The domain of the derivative of the function

f(x) =
{ tan − 1x,
1
2
( | x | − 1),
|x| ≤ 1

|x| > 1

a. R − 0

b. R − 1
c. R − − 1
d. R − { − 1, 1}

Question 3:

A-line through A( − 5, − 4) meets the lines x + 3y + 2 = 0, 2x + y + 4 = 0 and


15 10 6
x − y − 5 = 0 at B, C and D respectively. If ( AB ) 2 + ( AC ) 2 = ( AD ) 2, then the equation
of the line is _________.

a. 2x + 3y + 22 = 0

b. 3x + 4y + 22 = 0

c. 5x + 6y + 22 = 0

d. 7x + 8y + 22 = 0
Question 4:

→ → →
a, b, c are three vectors such that
→ → → → →
a + b + c = 0, | a | = 1, | b | = 2, | c | = 3, then a. b + b ⋅ c + c. a is equal to:
→ → → → → → →

a. 0

b. − 7

c. 7

d. 1

Question 5:

( )
The solution of the differential equation ydx + x + x 2y dy = 0 is:

1
a. − xy = C

1
b. − xy + logy = C

1
c. xy + logy = C

d. logy = Cx

Question 6:

The angle between the lines (2x = 3y = − z) and (6x = − y = − 4z) is:

a. 90 ∘

b. 0 ∘

c. 30 ∘

d. 45 ∘

Question 7:

a, b, c and u, v, w are the vertices of two triangles such that c = (1 − r)a + rb and
ω = (1 − r)v + ru where r is a complex number, then the two triangles:

a. Have the same area

b. Are similar

c. Are congruent
d. None of these

Question 8:

If the function f : (1, ∞) → [1, ∞] is defined by f(x) = 2 x ( x − 1 ) then f − 1(x) is

1
a. 2 x(x − 1)

1
b. 2 1 +( √1 + 4log2x )
1
c. 2 1 −( √1 + 4log2x )
d. Not defined

Question 9:

The standard deviation of a variable x is 10. Then the standard deviation of 50 + 5x


is:

a. 50

b. 550

c. 10

d. 500

Question 10:

| |
n 1 5
If U n = n 2 2N + 1 2N + 1 N
then, evaluate ∑ n = 1U n
n3 3N 2 3N

a. 1
b. 0
c. 2

d. None of these

Question 11:

dy
The solution of the differential equation e dx = (x + 1), y(0) = 3

a. y = xlog | x + 1 | + x + log | x + 1 | + 3

b. y = xlog | x − 1 | − x − log | x + 1 | + 3
c. y = xlog | x + 1 | − x + log | x + 1 | + 3

d. None of these

Question 12:

Three athletes A, B and C participate in a race. Both A and B have the same
probability of winning the race and each is twice as likely to win as C. The probability
that B or C wins the race is:

2
a. 3

3
b. 5

3
c. 4

13
d. 25

Question 13:

Let g(x) = 1 + x − [x]

{
− 1, x < 0
f(x) = 0, x = 0 then the value of f(g(x)) is:
1, x > 0

{
2 + x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
a. 2 − x, 1 < x ≤ 2
4 − x, 2 < x ≤ 3

{
2 − x, 0 < x < 1
b. 2 + x, 1 < x ≤ 2
4 + x, 2 < x ≤ 3

{
2 − x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
c. 2 + x, 1 ≤ x ≤ 2
4 + x, 2 < x ≤ 3

d. None of these

Question 14:

Let f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c where a, b, c are rational, and f : Z → Z where Z is the set of


integer. Then a + b is:
a. A negative integer
b. An integer

c. Non-integral rational number

d. None of these

Question 15:

The most general value of θ which satisfies both the equations tanθ = − 1 and
1
cosθ = will be:
√2

a. nπ + 4


b. nπ + ( − 1) n 4


c. 2nπ + 4

d. None of these

Question 16:

Find the complex number z satisfying the equations


| | | |
z − 12
z − 8i
5
= 3,
z−4
z−8
=1

a. 6 + 8i

b. 2 + 8i

c. 4 + 8i

d. 6 + 4i

Question 17:

Between 1 and 31, m arithmetic means are inserted so that the ratio of 7 th and
(m − 1) th means is 5 : 9 then, the value of m is:

a. 16

b. 18

c. 12

d. 14

Question 18:
( xsin a − asin x )
Evaluate lim x → a (x−a)

a. sina − cosa

b. sina + cosa

c. sina − acosa

d. None of these

Question 19:

{
2x + 3, − 3 ≤ x < − 2
The function f(x) x + 1, − 2 ≤ x < 0
x + 2, 0≤x≤1

a. Continuous at x = 0

b. Continuous at x = 3

c. Continuous in interval = [ − 3, 1]

d. None of these

Question 20:

A dictionary is printed consisting of 7 letter words that can be made with the letters
of the word CRICKET. If the words are printed in the alphabetical order as in an
ordinary dictionary, then the number of words before the word CRICKET is:

a. 530
b. 480
c. 531
d. 481

Mathematics Section - B
Question 1:

The equation of second degree x 2 + 2√2xy + 2y 2 + 4x + 4√2y + 1 = 0 represents a


pair of straight lines. The distance between them is:

Question 2:

A closed right circular cylinder has volume 2156 cubic units. The radius of its base
so that its total surface area may be minimum is:

Question 3:

dy
Let y(x) be the solution of the initial value problem dx + 2xy = x and y(0) = 0. Find
the value of lim x → 1y(x).

Question 4:

∑ kk == n1 tan − 1
2k
2 + k2 + k4 ()
6
= tan − 1 7 , then the value of 'n' is equal to:

Question 5:

In order to get at least once ahead with probability ≥ 0.9, the minimum number of
times a coin needs to be tossed is:

Question 6:

3 + 4i
If x + iy = 2 − i where i = √− 1, then what is the value of y ?

Question 7:

if ∫ sin − 1
( √
2x + 2

4x 2 + 8x + 13 )
dx = (x + 1)tan − 1 ( )
2x + 2
3 ( )
+ λln 4x 2 + 8x + 13 + C then

find the value of − 4λ.

Question 8:
In the expansion of
( √x +
1
3x 2 ) 10
the value of constant term (independent of x ) is:

Question 9:

xtan x
Evaluate lim 1 − cos x .
x→0

Question 10:

X is a continuous random variable with probability density function given by

f(x) = kx(0 ≤ x < 2)

= 2k(2 ≤ x < 4)

= − kx + 6k(4 ≤ x < 6)

[ ]
Find the value of E x 2 .

Physics Section - A

Question 1:

A book with many printing errors contains four different formulae for the
displacement of a particle undergoing a certain periodic motion x. Which one is the
wrong formula on dimensional grounds (A = amplitude, ω = angular velocity, T =
time period of motion)?

a. x = A√2 sin
( [ ] [ ])
2πt
T
+ cos
2πt
T

A
b. x = T sin A
[]t
c. x = Asin
( )
2πt
T

d. x = − Asin(ωt)

Question 2:

An annular ring with inner and outer radii R 1 and R 2 is rolling without slipping with a
uniform angular speed. The ratio of the forces experienced by the two particles
F1
situated on the inner and outer parts of the ring F is:
2

a. 1

R1
b. R
2

R2
c. R
1

()R1 2
d. R2

Question 3:

If g e and g m are the accelerations due to gravity on the surface of the earth and the
moon respectively and if Millikan's oil drop experiment could be performed on the
electronic charge on the moon
two surfaces, one will find the ratio electronic charge on the earth to be;

a. 1

b. 0

c. g e / g m

d. g m / g e

Question 4:

The figure below shows four plates each of area A and separated from one another
by a distance d.

What is the capacitance between P and Q?

∈A 0
a. d
2ϵ 0A
b. d

3ϵ 0A
c. d

4 ∈A 0
d. d

Question 5:

The truth table given below is for (A and B are the inputs, Y is the output). What type
of GATE it will form?

A B Y

0 0 1

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 0

a. NOR
b. AND
c. XOR
d. NAND

Question 6:

1
A planet of radius R = 10 × ( radius of Earth) has the same mass density as Earth.
R
Scientists dig a well of depth 5 on it and lower a wire of the same length and of

linear mass density 10 − 3kg m − 1 into it. If the wire is not touching anywhere, the
force applied at the top of the wire by a person holding it in place is: (take the radius

of Earth = 6 × 10 6 m and the acceleration due to gravity on Earth is 10 ms − 2 )


a. 96 N

b. 108 N

c. 120 N

d. 150 N
Question 7:

An ideal gas is taken through the cycle A → B → C → A as shown in the figure. If


the net heat supplied to the gas in the cycle is 5 J, the work done by the gas in the
process C → A is

a. − 5 J

b. − 10 J

c. − 15 J

d. − 20 J

Question 8:

A long infinite current-carrying wire is bent in the shape as shown in the figure. The
magnetic induction at point o is:

μ 0I
a. πR

μ 0I
b.
2√2πR

μ 0I
c.
2√2πR

μ 0I
d. 2πR

Question 9:

Out of a photon and an electron, the equation E = pc is valid for:

a. Both
b. Neither
c. Photon only
d. Electron only

Question 10:

In an oscillating LC-circuit, the maximum charge on the capacitor is Q. The charge


on this capacitor, when the energy is stored equally between the electric and
magnetic fields, is:

a. Q

Q
b. 2

Q
c.
√3
Q
d.
√2

Question 11:

A spring of spring constant 5 × 10 3 is stretched initially by 5 cm from the


unstretched position. The work required to stretch it further by another 5 cm is

a. 6025 N-m

b. 12.50 N-m

c. 18.75 N-m

d. 25.00 N-m

Question 12:

Two gases A and B have equal pressure P, temperature T, and volume V. The two
gases are mixed together and the resulting mixture has the same temperature T and
volume V as before. The ratio of pressure exerted by the mixture to either of the two
gases is:

a. 1 : 1

b. 2 : 1

c. 3 : 1

d. 1 : 2

Question 13:

In a resonance tube, using a tuning fork of frequency 325 Hz, two successive
resonance lengths are observed at 25.4 cm and 77.4 cm respectively. The velocity of
sound in air is:

a. 320 m / s

b. 328 m / s

c. 330 m / s

d. 338 m / s

Question 14:

8
An ideal gas at 27K is compressed adiabatically to 27 of its original volume. The rise

in its temperature is:


( )5
γ= 3

a. 225K

b. 375K

c. 400K

d. 450K

Question 15:

Two sources of sound A and B produce progressive waves given by


y 1 = 6cos(100πt) and y 2 = 4cos(102πt) ear the ears of an observer. It will hear

9
a. 1 beat / s and intensity ratio of maxima to minima = 4
25
b. 1 beat / s and intensity ratio of maxima to minima = 1
9
c. 2 beat / s and intensity ratio of maxima to minima = 4
3
d. 4 beat / s and intensity ratio of maxima to minima = 2

Question 16:

A current of 1.6 A is passed through CuSO 4 solution. The number of Cu + + ions


liberated per minute are:

a. 3 × 10 17

b. 3 × 10 18

c. 6 × 10 19

d. 3 × 10 20
Question 17:

The elastic limit of brass is 379MPa. What should be the minimum diameter of a
brass rod if it is to support a 400 N load without exceeding its elastic limit?

a. 1 mm

b. 1.15 mm

c. 0.90 mm

d. 1.36 mm

Question 18:

A stone of mass m is attached to one end of a wire of cross-sectional area A and


Young's Modulus Y. The stone is revolved in a horizontal circle at speed so that the
wire makes an angle θ with the vertical, the strain produced in the wire is

mg
a. YAcos θ

mg
b. YAsin θ

mg
c. YA cosθ

mg
d. YA sinθ

Question 19:

Two beams of red and violet colors are made to pass separately through a prism
(angle of the prism is 60 ∘ ). In the position of minimum deviation, the angle of
refraction will be:

a. 30 ∘ for both the color

b. Greater for the violet color

c. Greater for the red color

d. Equal but not 30 ∘ for both the color

Question 20:

The binding energy per nucleon of deuteron 1H 2 and helium atom 2He 4 is 1.1MeV
and 7MeV respectively. If two deuteron atoms react to form a single helium atom,
the released energy, is:

a. 13.9MeV

b. 26.9MeV
c. 23.6MeV

d. 19.2MeV

Physics Section - B

Question 1:

A proton is fired from very far away towards a nucleus with charge Q = 120e where
e is the electronic charge. It makes the closest approach of 10fm to the nucleus. The
de-Broglie's wavelength (in units of fm ) of the proton at its start is:

[take the mass of proton,

5 h
[m p = 3 × 10 − 27kg, e
= 4.2 × 10 − 15J. s / c

1 m
4π ∈ = 9 × 10 9 F , 1fm = 10 − 15m]
0

Question 2:

A parallel plate capacitor of 300μF is charged to 200 V. If the distance between its
plates is halved, the change in stored energy (in J) will be_______.

Question 3:

The relationship between the position coordinate (x) and time (t) for a moving car
along the x -axis is given by x = 2 + 5t + 6t 3. Its initial velocity (in m / s ) is:

Question 4:

Determine the voltage (in V ) of a battery connected to a parallel plate capacitor


(filled with air) when the area of the plate is 10 square centimeters, the separation
between the plates is 5mm and the charge stored on the plates is 2nC.
Question 5:

In a sonometer experiment, the density of the material of the wire used is


7.5 × 10 3 kg m − 3. If the stress of the wire is 3.0 × 10 4Nm − 2, the speed of the
transverse wave in the wire is_______.

Question 6:

A copper sphere of mass 2g contains nearly 2 × 10 22 atoms. The charge on the


nucleus of each atom is 29e. Fraction of the electrons ____ × 10 − 11 must be
removed from the sphere to give it a charge of + 2μC.

Question 7:

If we increase the kinetic energy of a body by 300%, the percent increase in its
momentum is:

Question 8:

A current of 10 A is flowing through a circular coil of radius 7 cm and 10 turns. It is


placed in the magnetic field such that it makes an angle of 30 ∘ with the magnetic
field of 5 T. The magnitude of the torque acting on the circular coil _______ × 10 − 2
Nm.

Question 9:

AC voltage is V = 200sin300t and if R = 10Ω and L = 800mH, the peak value of


current is:

Question 10:

A body moves with a speed of 10 m/s in the curved path of 25 m radius of curvature.
If the tangential acceleration is 3 m/s 2, then total acceleration for the body will be:
Chemistry Section - A

Question 1:

He and Ar are monoatomic gases and their atomic weights are 4 and 40
respectively. Under similar conditions, He will diffuse through semi-permeable
membrane:

a. 3.16 times as fast as Ar

b. 7.32 times as fast as Ar

c. 1.58 times as fast as Ar

d. 10 times as fast as Ar

Question 2:

Reaction of trans-1-bromo-2-phenylcyclopentane on reaction with alcoholic KOH


produced:

a. 4-phenylcyclopentene

b. 2-phenylcyclopentene

c. 1-phenylcyclopentene

d. 3-phenylcyclopentene

Question 3:

Which one of the following has largest number of isomers?

(R = alkyl group, en = ethylenediamine)

a. [Ru(NH3)4Cl2]+

b. [Co(NH3)5Cl]2+

c. [Ir(PR3)2H(CO)]2+

d. [Co(en)2Cl2]+

Question 4:

What would happen when a solution of potassium chromate is treated with an


excess of dilute nitric acid?

2−
a. Cr 3 + and Cr 2O 7 are formed
2−
b. Cr 2O 7 and H 2O are formed

2−
c. Cr 2O 4 is related to +3 state of Cr

d. None of the above

Question 5:

Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding preparation of alcohols?

a. Aldehydes and Ketones on catalytic reduction by [H] give primary alcohol


and secondary alcohol respectively

b. Ketones on reaction with Grignard’s reagent gives tertiary alcohol

c. Aldehydes on reaction with Grignard’s reagent gives primary or secondary


alcohol

d. Alkyl halides on reaction alcoholic potash gives alcohol

Question 6:

The polymer obtained from the following reaction is:

a.

b.

c.

d.

Question 7:

The freezing point of a 4% aqueous solution of X is equal to the freezing point of


12% aqueous solution of Y. If the molecular weight of X is A, then the molecular
weight of Y is:

a. A
b. 3A
c. 4A
d. 2A

Question 8:

Which type of 'defect' has the presence of cations in the interstitial sites?

a. Frenkel defect
b. Metal deficciency defect

c. Schottky defect

d. Vacancy defect

Question 9:

Which of the following alkyl/aryl halide reacts fastest with alc. AgNO 3 at room
temperature?

a. Bromobenzene

b. Carbon tetrachloride

c. Benzyl bromide

d. n-hexyl chloride

Question 10:

The pKa of a weak acid (HA) is 4.5. The pOH of an aqueous buffered solution of HA
in which 50% of the acid ionised is:

a. 4.5

b. 2.5

c. 9.5

d. 7.0

Question 11:

The main product of the following reaction is:

a.
b.

c.

d.

Question 12:

IP 1 and IP 2 of Mg are 178 and 384 kcal. The enthalpy required for the reaction
Mg → Mg 2 + + 2e −

a. − 562Kcal mol − 1

b. + 562Kcal mol − 1

c. 170Kcal mol − 1

d. + 170Kcal mol − 1

Question 13:

The molar ionic conductivities of NH 4 + and OH − at infinite dilution are 72 and


198ohm − 1 cm 2 respectively. The molar conductivity of a centinormal NH 4OH
solution at the same temperature is found to be 9ohm − 1 cm 2. The percentage
dissociation of NH 4OH at this concentration will be:

a. 3.33%

b. 7.14%

c. 12.50%

d. 4.54%

Question 14:

The equivalent mass of metal is 9 and vapour density of its chloride is 59.25. The
atomic mass of metal is:

a. 23.9

b. 27.3

c. 36.3
d. 48.3

Question 15:

Which one of the following gives, on ozonolysis, both aldehydes and ketones?

a. Me2C=CHMe

b. Me2C=CMe2

c. MeCH2-C(Me)=CMe2

d. MeCH(Me)-CH=CHMe

Question 16:

For a chemical reaction A → B, the rate of the reaction is 2 × 10 − 3 mol dm − 3 s − 1,


when the initial concentration is 0.05 mol dm − 3. The rate of the same reaction is
1.6 × 10 − 2 mol dm − 3 s − 1, when the initial concentration is 0.1 mol dm − 3. The order
of the reaction is :

a. 2

b. 0

c. 3

d. 1

Question 17:

Among the following, which is least acidic?

a. phenol
b. o-cresol

c. p-nitrophenol

d. p-chlorophenol

Question 18:

The following equilibria are given:


N 2 + 3H 2 ⇌ 2NH ; K 3 1
N2 + O2 ⇌ 2NO ; K 2
H2 + O2 ⇌H O ; K
2 3
5
The equilibrium constant of the reaction 2NH 3 + 2 O 2 ⇌ 2NO + 3H O in terms of
2
K 1, K 2 and K 3 is:
( K 1K 2 )
a. K3

( K 1K 3 2 )
b. K2

3
( K 3K 2 )
c. K = K1

d. K 1K 2K 3

Question 19:

The percentage of p-character in the orbitals forming P − P bonds in P 4 is:

a. 25

b. 33

c. 50

d. 75

Question 20:

i. C(graphite) + O 2(g) → CO 2(g) ΔrH ∘ = x kJmol − 1


1
ii. C (graphite) + 2 O 2(g) → CO 2(g) ΔrH ∘ = y kJmol − 1
1
iii. CO(g) + 2 O 2(g) → CO 2(g) ΔrH ∘ = z kJmol − 1
Based on the above thermochemical equations, find out which one of the following
algebraic relationship is correct?

a. z = x + y

b. x = y − z

c. x = y + z

d. y = 2z − x
Chemistry Section - B

Question 1:

Catalytic decomposition of nitrous oxide by gold at 900 ∘ C and at an initial pressure


of 200 mm was 50% in 53 min and 73% in 100 min. The order of reaction is ______.

Question 2:

In an insulated container Imole of a liquid, molar volume 100ml is at 1 bar. Liquid is


steeply taken to 100 bar, when volume of liquid decreases by 1ml then value of ΔH is
found to be 1100x bar ml then find x?

Question 3:

An element with atomic mass Z consists of two isotopes of mass number Z − 1 and
Z + 2. The percentage abundance of the heavier isotope is (up to one place of the
decimal):

Question 4:

For a chemical reaction:


aA → bB

[
log −
d[A]
dt ] [ ]
= log
d[B]
dt
+ 0.3

The ratio of 'a' and 'b' is (up to the closest integer):

Question 5:

The uncertainty in the position of an electron is equal to its de-Broglie wavelength.


The minimum percentage error in the measurement of velocity under this
circumstance will be _______ (up to two decimal places).

Question 6:

pH of a saturated solution of Ca(OH) 2 is 9. The solubility product (K sp) of Ca(OH) 2


is (up to two decimal places):

Question 7:

Calculate the amount of ice that will separate out on cooling a solution containing
50 g of ethylene glycol in 200 g of water to − 9.3 ∘ C. Molal depression constant for
water is 1.86 K kg / mol (up to two decimal places):
Question 8:

Find the heat change in the reaction NH 3(g) + HCl(g) → NH 4Cl(s) from the
following data (up to one place of decimal):

NH 3( g) + aq → NH 3(aq), ΔH = − 8.4 KCal

HCl(g) + aq → HCl(aq), ΔH = − 17.3 KCal

NH 3(aq) + HCl(aq) → NH 4Cl(aq), ΔH = − 12.5 KCal

NH 4Cl(s) + aq → NH 4Cl(aq), ΔH = + 3.9 K Cal

Question 9:

What is the pOH of a saturated solution of Ca(OH) 2? The solubility of Ca(OH) 2 is


1.50 kg m − 3 at 25 ∘ C. Assume 100% dissociation. (Answer up to three decimal
places)

Question 10:

State whether the given statement is True or False. CuO can't be reduced by carbon
but it can be reduced by H 2.


Given: ΔG f for
CuO = − 129.7 kJ mol − 1, CO = − 137.2 kJ mol − 1 H 2O = − 237.2 kJ mol 1

Answers Mathematics Section - A

1 : (a) 2 : (d) 3 : (a) 4 : (b) 5 : (b) 6 : (a)


7 : (b) 8 : (b) 9 : (a) 10 : (b) 11 : (c) 12 : (b)
13 : (d) 14 : (b) 15 : (c) 16 : (a) 17 : (d) 18 : (c)
19 : (d) 20 : (a)

Explanations
Question 1 :

1+a 1 + a + a2 1 + a + a2 + a3
1 + 2! + 3!
+ 4!
+…
We have to find the sum of given series.
1 + a + a2 + a3 + … + an − 1
th
The n term of given series is given by a n = n!
1 − an 1 1 an 1
a n = ( 1 − a ) × n ! = ( 1 − a ) n ! − ( 1 − a ) × n ! [Using the sum of n terms of GP ]
Substituting n = 1, 2, 3, …, we get

a1 = [ 1
(1−a)
× 1!
1
] [ −
1

(1−a) 1!
a
]
a2 = [ 1
(1−a)
× 2!
1
] [ −
1
(1−a)
a2
× 2!
]
Adding all above terms, we get

= (1−a)
1
[ 1
1!
1
+ 2 ! + …. ∞ − ( 1 − a ) ] 1
[ a
1!
a2
+ 2 ! + …∞
]
ea − e
[ ( )] =
1
= ( 1 − a ) (e − 1) − ea −1 a−1
[Using series of exponential function]

Question 2 :

We have to find the domain of the function f(x) =

Using the definition of modulus function , we have


{ tan − 1x,
1
2
|x| ≤ 1

( | x | − 1), |x| > 1

{
1
2
( − x − 1), x< −1
−1
f(x) = tan x, − 1 ⩽ x ⩽ 1… (i)
1
2
(x − 1), x>1

It is clear from equation (i) that f(x) is discontinuous at x = 1 and − 1.


⇒ f(x) is not differentiable at x = − 1, 1

[ Not continuous ⇒
not differentiable]
⇒ f(x) is differentiable at x ∈
R all except 1 and − 1
Therefore, domain of f(x) R − { − 1, 1}. ∈

Question 3 :

[x+5] [y+4] r1 r2 r3
[ cos θ ]
= [ sin θ ] = AB = AC = AD

(r1cosθ − 5, r1sinθ − 4 ) lies on x + 3y + 2 = 0


15
r 1 = [ cos θ + 3sin θ ]
10 6
Similarly, AC = 2cosθ + sinθ and AD = cosθ − sinθ
Putting in the given relation, we get (2cosθ + 3sinθ) 2 = 0
−2
tanθ = 3

⇒y+4=[ −2
3
](x + 5)
2x + 3y + 22 = 0

Question 4 :

→ → → → → →
| a + b + c | = 0 and | a | = 1, | b | = 2, | c | = 3.....(i)
→ → →
We have to find the value of a. b + b ⋅ c + c. a
→ → →

→ → →
Now, from (i) we have a + b + c = 0

⇒ |a + b + c| = 0
→ → →

⇒ | a + b + c | = 0 [squaring both sides]


→ → → 2

⇒ | a | + | b | + | c | + 2a. b + 2b. c + 2c. a = 0


→ 2 →
2 → 2 → → → → → →

⇒ (1) + (2) + (3) + 2(a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a) = 0[ Using (i)]


2 2 2 → → → → → →

⇒ (1) + (2) + (3) + 2(a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a) = 0


2 2 2 → → → → → →

⇒ 2(a ⋅ b + b ⋅ c + c ⋅ a) = − 14
→ → → → → →

⇒ a. b + b ⋅ c + c. a = − 7
→ → → → → →

Question 5 :

(
ydx + x + x 2y dy = 0 )
ydx + xdy + x 2ydy = 0

ydx + xdy = − x 2ydy (∵ dx


d
(xy) = ydx + xdy )
d
dx
(xy) = − x 2ydy
d
dx ( xy )
= − dy
x 2y
d
dx
( xy ) − dy
= y
.....(i)
( xy ) 2
d
dx
( xy ) dy
integrating eq. (1) both side, we get ∫ = −∫ y
( xy ) 2
1
( xy )
= − logy + C (where C is integral constant)
1
− xy + logy = C

Question 6 :
Equation of lines, (2x = 3y = − z) and (6x = − y = − 4z)
[The given equations are not in the standard form]
We have to find the angle between the given lines.
Writing equations of line in symmetrical form, we have

So, 2x = 3y = − z ⇒ x
1 =
y
1
z
= − 1 .........(i) and 6x = − y = − 4z ⇒ x
1
y
= −1 =
z
1 ........(ii)
2 3 6 −4
→ → → 1 1
Let b 1 and b 2 be two vectors parallel to (i) and (ii) respectively. Then, b 1 = 2 î + 3 ĵ − k̂
→ 1 1
b 2 = 2 î − ĵ − 4 k̂
→ →
Let θ be the angle between the given lines i.e. angle between the vectors b 1 and b 2 Then, using the formula of
angle between two vectors,
→ →
b1 ⋅ b2
We get cosθ =
| b1 | b2 ∣
→ →

( 1
2
1
î + 3 ĵ − k̂ )( ⋅
1
6
1
î + ĵ − 4 k̂ )
=

√( ) ( ) √( ) ( )
1 2 1 2 1 2 −1 2
2
+ 3
+ ( − 1 )2 6
+ ( − 1 )2 + 4

1 1 1
12
−3+4
= 1 1 1 1

√ 4
+ 9 +1

1
√ 36

1
+ 1 + 16

12 − 12
= =0
√ √
1 1 1 1
+ +1
4 9 36
+ 1 + 16

cosθ = 0 = cos90 ∘
⇒ θ = 90 0

Question 7 :

a, b, c and u, v, w are the vertices of two triangles


such that c = (1 − r)a + rb and w = (1 − r)u + rv

| |
a u 1
= b v 1
c w 1

Applying R 3 → R 3 − (1 − r)R 1 − rR 2 , we get [ ]

| |
a u 1
= b v 1
c − (1 − r)a − rb w − (1 − r)u − rv 1 − (1 − r) − r

| |
a u 1
= b v 1
c w 1
= 0 Therefore, two triangles are similar.
Question 8 :

A function ⇒ 4log y ≥ 0 defined by f(x) = 2


2
x(x−1)

We have to find the value of f − 1(x)


Let y = 2 x ( x − 1 ) where y ≥ 1 as x ≥ 1
since, x ⩾ 1 ⇒f(x) ⩾ 1 y⩾1 ⇒
Now, taking log with base 2 on both sides, we get log 2y = log 22x(x − 1)
[Using properties of logarithmic function-3 ]
⇒ log y = x(x − 1)log 2
2 2
[Using properties of logarithmic function-5 ]
⇒ log y = x(x − 1)
2
⇒ x − x − log y = 0
2
2
Which is a quadratic equation in x.
Thus, using the quadratic formula, we get

1 ± 1 + 4log 2 y
x= 2
For log 2y, y ≥ 1, ≥
y = f(x) ∈
[1, ∞]
⇒ 4log 2y ≥ 0 [ Multiplying ' 4 ' on both sides]
⇒ 1 + 4log y ≥ 1 2 [Adding '1' both sides]
Taking square root on both sides,
√1 + 4log2y ≥ 1
⇒ − √1 + 4log y ≤ − 1 [Multiplying ' − 1' on both sides. If a ≥ b then − a ≤ − b]
2

⇒ 1 − √1 + 4log y ≤ 0 [Adding '1' on both sides ]


2


1 − 1 + 4log 2 y
But x ≥ 1, so x =
2
⩽ 1 is not possible.
1
Therefore, we take x = 2 (1 +
√4log2y)
⇒ x − f (y) = (1 + √4log y)
−1
1
2 2

⇒ f (x) = (1 + √4log x) [Replacing y by x]


−1
1
2 2

Question 9 :

The standard deviation of the variable x = 10


We have to find the standard deviation of 50 + 5x.
Now, Variance (50 + 5x) = Variance (5x) = 25x Variance (x)
√Var(50 + 5x) = 5√Variance(x)
Standard deviation of (50 + 5x) = 5x Standard deviation of (x)
= 5 × 10 = 50

Question 10 :
| |
N
∑ n = 1n 1 5
N
N
∑ n = 1U n = ∑ n = 1n 2 2N + 1 2N + 1
N
∑ n = 1n 3 3N 2 3N

| |
(N+1)N
2
1 5
1
= 6
(N + 1)N(2N + 1) 2N + 1 2N + 1
1
4
(N + 1) 2N 2 3N 2 3N

[By sum of natural numbers, sum of squares of natural numbers and sum of cubes of natural numbers]
(N+1)N
Now, taking 12
common from C 1, we get

| |
5 1 5
N(N+1)
= 2(2N + 1) 2N + 1 2N + 1
12
3N 3N 2 3N
Applying C 1 → C 1 − C 2, we get

| |
5 1 5
N(N+1)
= 2(2N + 1) 2N + 1 2N + 1 =0
12
2
3N 3N 3N

Question 11 :

dy
Consider, the differential equation e dx = (x + 1), y(0) = 3

Taking log with base e on both sides, we get ⇒ dy


dx
= log | x + 1 |
⇒ dy = log | x + 1 | dx
Integrating both sides w.r.t x, we get ∫ dy = ∫ log | x + 1 | dx
⇒ y = ∫ log | x + 1 | ⋅ 1dx
⇒ y = log | x + 1 | ⋅ x − ∫ dx x
x+1

⇒ y = xlog | x + 1 | − ∫ [1 − ]dx 1
x+1

⇒ y = xlog | x + 1 | − x + log | x + 1 | + c
Now, at y(0) = 3, We get, c = 3, From (i), solution of differential equation is
⇒ y = xlog | x + 1 | − x + log | x + 1 | + 3

Question 12 :

For three athletes participating in the race,


Probability of winning of A = Probability of winning of B = 2 × Probability of winning of C.
We have to find the probability that B or C wins the race.
Let P(A), P(B) and P(C) be probabilities of winning the race by A, B and C respectively.
Let P(A) = P(B) = 2P(C) = x....(i)
Since, P(A) = P(B) = P(C) = 1

⇒x+x+ x
2
=1 ⇒x= 2
5

⇒ P(A) = 5
2 2 1
, P(B) = 5 , P(C) = 5 [Using (i) ]
Since, events of winning the race by A, B and C are mutually exclusive ⇒ P(B ∩ C) = 0
Therefore, the probability of winning the race by B or C.

⇒ P(B ∪ C) = P(C) = 2
5
1 3
+ 5 = 5 [Using addition theorem of probability]

Question 13 :

Let g(x) = 1 + x − [x].....(i)

{
− 1, x < 0
f(x) = 0, x = 0 .......(ii)
1, x > 0
We have to find the value of f(g(x)).
Now, g(x) = 1 + x − [x] or g(x) = 1 + {x}
Since 0 < {x} < 1 ⇒
g(x), is greater than 1 for all x ∈ R.
So, f(g(x)) = 1 [Using (ii)]

Question 14 :

f : Z → Z such that f(x) = ax 2 + bx + c, where a, b, c Q ∈


We have to find the value of a + b.
Now, For x = 0, f(0) = c = Integer [ f(0) ∵ ∈
Z because f : Z → Z]
⇒ c is an integer.
For x = 1, f(1) = a + b + c = k( say )[ where f(1) = k Z] ∈
⇒ a+b=k−c
since k ∈ ∈ ⇒
Z, c Z k−c Z ∈
⇒ a+b ∈ ⇒ Z a + b is an integer.

Question 15 :

1
Two equations, tanθ = − 1 and cosθ =
√2
We have to find the most general value of which satisfies the above equations.
1
Consider, tanθ = − 1 and cosθ =
√2
We know that tangent function is negative in 4 th quadrant and cosine function is positive in 4 th quadrant.

∴ Angle should lie in between 3π


2
to 2π

⇒ tanθ = − tan = tan (2π −


π
4
π
4 ) 7π π
( π
= tan 4 .......(i) and cosθ = cos 4 = cos 2π − 4
) 7π
= cos 4 ...........(ii)


General solution of (i) and (ii) is given by 2nπ + 4
Question 16 :

| |z − 12
x − 8i
5
= 3,
| | z−4
x−8
=1

Let z = x + iy, then


| | z − 12
z − 8i
5
= 3

⇒ 3 | z − 12 | = 5 | z − 8i |
3 | (x − 12) + iy | = 5 ∣ x + (y − 8)i |
9(x − 12) 2 + 9y 2 = 25x 2 + 25(y − 8) 2 ....(i)

and
| | z−4
x−8
=1

⇒ |z − 4| = |z − 8|
| x − 4 + iy | = | x − 8 + iy |
(x − 4) 2 + y 2 = (x − 8) 2 + y 2
2
x=6 ⇒
Putting x = 6 in (i), we get y − 25y + 136 = 0
y = 17, 8
So, z = 6 + 17i or z = 6 + 8i

Question 17 :

m arithmetic means are inserted between 1 and 31 such that the ratio of 7 th and 9 th terms of (m − 1) th mean is
5: 9 .
We have to find the value of m.
Let x 1, x 2, x m be the arithmetic means inserted between 1 and 31 . They from an arithmetic progression so, the
(m + 2) th term is 31.
31 = T m + 2 = a + (m + 1)d

⇒d= 30
m+1
( as a = 1).........(i)
x7 5
We are given that, X = 9
m−1


T8 a + 7d 5
Tm
= a+ (m−1)d = 9
[Using general term of AP = t r = a + (r − 1)d and substituting r = 8, m]
⇒ 9a + 63d = 5a + (5m − 5)d

⇒ 9a + 63 ( ) = 5a + 5(m − 1) (
30
m+1
30
m+1 ) [ using (i) ]

⇒ 2m + 2 = 75m − 1020
∴ m = = 14 1022
73

Question 18 :

( xsin a − asin x )
The expression, lim x → a (x−a)
We have to evaluate the given expression.
( xsin a − asin x )
Consider, lim x → a (x−a)
xsin a − asin a + asin a − asin x
= lim x → a x−a
( x − a ) sin a − a ( sin x − sin a )
= lim x → a x−a

( x − a ) sin a
{ ( ) ( )}
a 2cos
x+a
2
⋅ sin
x+a
2

= lim x → a (x−a)
− x−a
[Using transformation formulae- 2 ]

2acos
( ) ( )
x−a
2
⋅ sin
x−a
2

= lim x → asina − lim x → a (x−a)


2⋅ 2
= sina − a ⋅ cosa [using limit of trigonometric functions]
Using L Hospital's rule, we get

lim x → a
( xsin a − asin x
x−a ) = lim x → a
( sin a − acos x
1−0 )
= sina − a ⋅ cosa

Question 19 :

{
2x + 3, − 3 ≤ x < − 2
The function f(x) x + 1, − 2 ≤ x < 0
x + 2, 0 ≤ x ≤ 1
We have to check the points of continuity of the given function f (x).
At x = − 2,
LHS : lim x → 2 − f(x) = lim x → 2(2x + 3) = 2( − 2) + 3 = − 1
RHS : lim x → 2 + f(x) = lim x → − 2(x + 1) = − 2 + 1 = − 1
f( − 2) = − 2 + 1 = − 1
since, lim x → 2 − f(x) = lim x → − 2 + f(x) = f( − 2)
Therefore, f(x) is continuous at x = − 2
At x = 0
LHS : lim x → 0 − f(x) = lim x → 0(x + 1) = 0 + 1 = 1
RHS : lim x → 0 + f(x) = lim x → 0(x + 2) = 0 + 1 = 1
since, lim x → 0 − f(x) ≠ lim x → 0 + f(x
Therefore, f(x) is discontinuous at x = 0.
At x = 3, f(x) is not defined and hence not continuous at x = 3.
Therefore, f(x) is not continuous in the interval [ − 3, 1]

Question 20 :

A dictionary is printed consisting of 7 letter words that can be made with the letters of the word CRICKET.
We have to find the number of words before the word CRICKET if the words are printed in the alphabetical order
as in an ordinary dictionary.
Letters in alphabetical order in ordinary dictionary: C, E, I, K, R, T
There are two C's in word CRICKET.
∴ Number of words starting with CC = 5! [As remaining 5 letters arrange themselves in 5! ways]
Number of words starting with CE = 5!, Number of words starting with CI = 5!, Number of words starting with CK
= 5!, Number of words starting with CRC = 4!, Number of words starting with CRE = 4!, Number of words starting
with CRICE = 2!
Next word is CRICKET
∴ Total no of words which comes before the word CRICKET = 4(5!) + 2(4!) + 2!
= 4(120) + 2(24) +2 = 480 + 48 +2 = 530
Answers Mathematics Section - B

1:2 2:7 3 : 0.316 4:3 5:4 6 : 2.2


7:3 8:5 9:2 10 : 10.67

Explanations

Question 1 :

Equation of pair of straight lines,


x 2 + 2√2xy + 2y 2 + 4x + 4√2y = 1 = 0
We have to find the distance between the pair of straight line s represented by the above equations.
Now, from the given equation we have (x + y√2) 2 + 4x + 4√2y + 1 = 0 ...(i)
Let x + y√2 = t
∴ (i) reduces to t + 4t + 1 = 0 2

∴t= √
− 4 + 16 − 4

2
⇒ t = − 2 ± √3 or x + y√2 = − 2 ± √3
∴ Equation of lines are x + y√2 + 2 + √3 = 0 and x + y√2 + 2 − √3 = 0
since, two lines are parallel,
| 2√3 |
∴ distance between these lines = √1 + 2
=2

Question 2 :

Let the height, radius of the base and surface area of the cylinder be h, r and S, respectively. Then, Volume
= πr 2h
⇒ 2156 = πr h ⇒ 2156 = 2
22
7
r 2h ⇒h= 2156 × 7
22r 2
⇒h= 686
r2
…(1)

Surface area = 2πrh + 2πr 2

⇒S= 4312
r
+
44r 2
7
[ From eq (1)]

⇒ = dS
dr
4312
− r2
+ 7
88r

dS
For maximum or minimum values of S, we must have dr = 0

⇒ 4312
− r2
88r
+ 7 =0 ⇒ 4312
r2
88r
= 7 ⇒r 3 =
4312 × 7
88
⇒r 3 = 343 ⇒ r = 7cm
d 2s 8624 88
Now, = + 7
dr 2 r3

⇒ d 2s
dr 2
8624
= 343 + 7
88

⇒ d 2s
dr 2
176
= 7 >0
So, the surface area is minimum when r = 7cm

Question 3 :
dy
dx
= x − 2xy = x(1 − 2y)
dy
( 1 − 2y )
= xdx
Integrating on both sides:
dy
∫ 1 − 2y = ∫ xdx
ln ( 1 − 2y ) x2
−2
= 2 +c
Now given y(0) = 0
ln ( 1 − 2 × 0 ) ( 0 )2
Thus, −2
= 2
+c
c=0
ln ( 1 − 2y ) x2
Now, = 2
−2
ln(1 − 2y) = − x 2
2
1 − 2y = e − x
2
2y = 1 − e − x
2
1−e −x
y= 2

( )
2
1−e −x 1−e −1 e−1
lim x → 1y(x) = lim x → 1 2
= 2
= 2e = 0.316

Question 4 :

We know, tan − 1(x) − tan − 1(y) = tan − 1 1 + xy


( ) x−y

Now, tan − 1
( 2k
2 + k2 + k4 ) = tan − 1
( 2k
1 + k2 + 1 + k4 )
= tan − 1
( 2k
2 + k2 + k4 ) = tan − 1
( 1+
2k

( k + 1 + 2k − k )
4 2 2 )
= tan − 1
( 1+ (k +1 ) −k2
2k
2 2 )
( (k +1+k ) − (k +1−k )
)
2 2

= tan − 1
1 + (k + 1 + k ) ( k + 1 − k )
2 2

k=n
So, ∑ k = 1 tan
−1
2 + k2 + k4 ( 2k
)
(
= ∑ kk == n1 tan − 1 k 2 + 1 + k − tan − 1 k 2 + 1 − k ) ( )
Putting the values of k, we get,

tan − 1(3) − tan − 1(1) + tan − 1(7) − tan − 1(3) + tan − 1 n 2 + n + 1 − tan − 1 n 2 − n + 1 ( ) ( )
= tan − 1 7
() 6

⇒ tan (n −1 2
)
+ n + 1 − tan − 1(1) = tan − 1 7
()
6

⇒ tan (n −1 2
)
+ n + 1 = tan − 1(1) + tan − 1 7
()
6

( )
6

⇒ tan (n
1+ 7
−1 2
)
+ n + 1 = tan − 1 6
1− 7 ×1

⇒ tan (n + n + 1 ) = tan (13)


−1 2 −1

⇒ n + n + 1 = 13 ⇒ n + n − 12 = 0 ⇒ (n − 3)(n + 4) = 0 ⇒ n = 3 or n = − 4
2 2
As, n cannot be negative, so n = 3.

Question 5 :

Probability of getting at least one head ≥ 0.9


We have to find the minimum number of times a coin needs to be tossed.
Let the number of times a coin needs to be tossed = n
1
Probability of getting a head in a single toss = 2
Using multiplication theorem of probability, we get
1
probability of getting tail each time in 'n' tosses 2 × 2 × 2 …… n times =
1 1
() ()
1
2
=
1
2
n

Probability of getting at least one head in 'n' tosses

=1−
() 1
2
n
≥ 0.9 [Given]

⇒( ) 1
2
n
≤ 0.1 ⇒2 n
≥ 10 ⇒n>3
So, least value of n = 4.

Question 6 :

3 + 4i
x + iy = 2 − i

⇒ x + iy = 3 + 4i
2−i
× 2+i
2+i
⇒ x + iy = 6 + 11i + 4i 2
4 − i2

= − 1 ⇒ x + iy = ⇒ x + iy =
6 + 11i − 4 2 + 11i 2 11
2
As we know, i 4+1 5
= 5 +i 5
2 11
Comparing real and imaginary parts, we get x = 5 = 0.4 and y = 5 = 2.2

Question 7 :
sin − 1
( 2x + 2

√4x 2 + 8x + 13 ) ( = sin − 1
2x + 2

√ ( 2x + 2 )2 + ( 3 )2 )
tan − 1
( ) 2x + 2
3

∫ tan − 1
( ) 2(x+1)
3
dx

Put t = 1 + x ⇒ dt = dx
∫ tan − 1 3
()2t

Integrating by parts

⇒ tan −1
2t
3 ( d
∫ dt − ∫ dt tan − 1 3 × ∫ dt
2t
)
⇒ ttan −1
2t
3
−∫
( )
1+
1
4t 2
9
2
× 3 t dt

⇒ ttan −1
2t
3
− 8∫
6
9 + 4t 2( )
dt
8tdt

⇒ ttan − −1
2t
3
3
4 (
ln 9 + 4t 2 + c )
⇒ (1 + x)tan −1
2x + 2
3
−4
3
ln (4x 2
+ 4x + 13 + c )
⇒λ= =3 −3
4

Question 8 :

As we know, General term in the expansion of (x + y) n is given by, T(r + 1) = nC r × x n − r × y r

General term = T ( r + 1 ) = 10C r × x

10 − 5r
10 − r
2 ×
( )
1
3x 2
r

= 10C r × 3 − r × x 2

For the term independent of x the power of x should be zero i.e.,


10 − 5r
2
=0 ⇒r=2
∴ The required term is T (2+1) = 10C 2 × 3 − 2 = 5

Question 9 :
tan x sin x
As we know, cos2x = 1 − 2sin 2x, lim x
= 1, lim x
=1
x→0 x→0
xtan x xtan x
Given, lim 1 − cos x = lim x
x→0 x → 0 2sin 2
2
1 tan x x.x
= 2 lim x
× x

()
x→0 sin 2 2 x 2
×
()x 2 2
2

1 tan x 4
= 2 lim x
× x
x→0 sin 2 2

()x
2
2

1
= 2 ×1×4=2

Question 10 :


Given, ∫ ∞f(x)dx = 1
2 4 6
∫ 0kxdx + ∫ 22kdx + ∫ 4( − kx + 6k)dx = 1

[ ] [ ]
2 6
⇒ kx 2
2
+ [2kx] 42 +
− kx 2
2
+ 6kx =1
0 4

⇒ (4) + 2k(2) + ( [36 − 16] ) + 6k(6 − 4) = 1


k
2
−k
2

⇒ 2k + 4k − 10k + 12k = 1
⇒k= 1
8

[ ]
E x 2 = ∫ 60x 2f(x)dx
2 4 6
= ∫ 0x 2kxdx + ∫ 2x 22kdx + ∫ 4x 2( − kx + 6k)dx

[ ] [ ] [ ]
2 4 6
kx 4 2kx 3 − kx 4 6kx 3
= 4
+ 3
+ 4
+ 3
0 2 4

k
= 4 (16 − 0) + 3 (64 − 8) +

112
2k
( −k
4 )
(1296 − 256) + 2k(216 − 64)

= 4k + 3 k + ( − 260k) + 304k

112
= 3 k + 48k = ( 112
3
×8
1
) ( + 48 × 8
1
) = 4.67 + 6 = 10.67

Answers Physics Section - A

1 : (b) 2 : (b) 3 : (a) 4 : (b) 5 : (d) 6 : (b)


7 : (a) 8 : (b) 9 : (c) 10 : (d) 11 : (c) 12 : (b)
13 : (d) 14 : (b) 15 : (b) 16 : (d) 17 : (b) 18 : (a)
19 : (a) 20 : (c)
Explanations

Question 1 :

The argument in the trigonometric function should be a dimensionless quantity.

The dimensions of time (t), angular velocity (ω) and amplitude (A) are [t] = [T], [ω] = [T ], [A] = [L]
−1

A. The dimension of the argument in the equation:

x = A√2 sin ( [ ] [ ])
2πt
T
+ cos
2πt
T
is zero.

Thus, option 'A' is not wrong on dimensional grounds.


A
() t
B. In the equation: x = T sin A , the dimension of the argument in the sine function is
[]
t
A
=
|T|
L

⇒[ A
t
] [
= L − 1T ]
Thus, option 'B' is wrong on dimensional grounds.
C. The dimension of the argument in equation:

x = Asin ( ) [ ]
2πt
T
is
2πt
T
=
|T|
T
= dimensionless quantity

Thus, option 'C' is not wrong on dimensional grounds.

D. The dimension of the argument in equation: x = Asin(ωt) is [ωt] = [T ][T] = dimensionless quantity
−1

Thus, option 'D' is not wrong on dimensional ground. All the equations, except x = T sin A
A
()t
i.e. option 'B' have

dimensionless argument.

Question 2 :

The annular ring is rolling with constant angular velocity ω. All the particles on the ring will have the same
constant angular velocity ω. Since the two particles are moving in a circular orbit, the net force experienced by
them is the centripetal force. The diagram given below represents the direction of forces acting on the two
particles:

The centripetal force experienced by the particle on the inner circumference of radius R 1
F 1 = mR 1ω 2 where m is the mass of each particle and ω the angular velocity of the ring.
Similarly, for the particle at the outer circumference of radius R 2,
F 2 = mR 2ω 2
F1 mR 1ω R1
Then, the ratio of the two forces is
F2
= mR ω = R
2 2

Question 3 :
The electric charge is a universal constant and thus, it has the same value on the Earth and on the Moon. It does
not depend upon the value of acceleration due to gravity.
electronic charge on moon
Therefore, the ratio: electronic charge on earth = 1

Question 4 :

The given figure is shown below:

The above arrangement is equivalent to two parallel plate capacitors connected in parallel with the same
separation d and area A.
ϵ 0A ϵ 0A
Now, the capacitance of each capacitor is C 1 = , C2 =
d d
The equivalent capacitance of C 1 and C 2 is C = C 1 + C 2

⇒C=
ϵ 0A ϵ 0A 2ϵ 0A
d
+ d = d

Question 5 :

Truth table with A and B as inputs and Y as output. We have to find which gate corresponds to the given truth
table.
A. NOR gate can be made by using an OR gate followed by NOT gate, i.e. Y = A + B. Given truth table does not
satisfy this logic.
B. AND gate is a logic gate with the output as a product of the input, i.e. Y = A. B. The given truth table does not
satisfy this logic.
C. XOR gate is a function of two logical variables A and B which gives the value 1 if one of the variables is zero
and other is 1. If both the variables are 0 or both are 1, then the function is zero, i.e., Y = AB + AB. The given
truth table does not satisfy this logic.
D. NAND gate is inverse of AND gate and is given by the expression

Y = A. B
Truth table for NAND gate is

A B A.B A.B

0 0 0 1

1 0 0 1

0 1 0 1

1 1 1 0

This satisfies the given truth table.

Question 6 :
1
Radius of the planet R = 10 × ( radius of Earth)
R
Depth of the well = Linear mass density of the wire, μ = 10 − 3 kg m − 1
5
We have to find the force applies at the top of the wire by a person holding it in.
GM
Acceleration due to gravity on the planet will be given by g =
R2

⇒g= G
R2 (
× ρ × 3 πR 3
4
) ⇒g= 4
3
πGρR
4
(i) Acceleration due to gravity of earth g e = 3 πGpR e
g R
Dividing equation (i) by (ii), we get g = R
e e

⇒ ge
g Re
= 10 × R [ as R = 10
e
Re

] ⇒ g = 1m / s 2 [ as g e = 10m / s 2]

Now, we will consider a mass element dm of width dx at depth x below the planet.
Mass of this element will be dm = μdx

Also, acceleration due to gravity at depth x below the planet will be g x =


( ) x
1 − R gp

Force on the small segment of wire dF = dmg x ⇒ dF = (μdx) (1 − x


R
gp
) ⇒ dF = μg (1 − x
R ) dx

Total force on the wire is obtained by integrating the above equation.

( )
R
F x
∫ 0df = ∫ 05 μg 1 − R dx
R

⇒ F = μg [ ]
x − 2R
0
x2 5

⇒ F = μg { ( ) (( ) )}
R
5
− 0 − 2R
1 R
5
2
−0

⇒ F = μg [ ( )] [ ]
R
5
− 2R 25
1 R2 R
= μg 5 − 50
R

Substituting all the values, we get

F = 10 −3
× 1R
[ ]⇒
10 − 1
50
F = 10 −3
[ ]⇒
R 50
9 9
F = 50 × 10 −3
×
6 × 10 6
10
N ⇒ F = 108N

Question 7 :

The given P − V graph of an ideal gas is reproduced below:


As the given process is cyclic, change in internal energy of the gas, △U = 0
Using the first law of thermodynamics, ΔU = ΔQ − ΔW
⇒ ΔW = ΔQ
Thus, total work done by the gas is W = Q = 5J [given]
V
Now, work done by the gas for any path is given as W = ∫ V 2P dV
1

( ) (
From the figure, we get W AB = PΔV = 10N / m 2 ⋅ 2m 3 − 1m 3 = 10J )
B → C is an isochoric process, thus W BC = 0 as dV = 0
Therefore, total work done by the gas is given as W total = W AB + W BC + W CA
⇒ 5J = 10J + 0 + W ⇒ W CA CA = − 5J

Question 8 :

An infinite wire, carrying current, is bent in the following way.


Two semi-infinite parts and a bent finite part. We have to find the induced magnetic field at an external point o,
at a distance R. The corresponding figure is shown below.

Magnetic field induced by a finite current carrying conductor at a distance R is given by,
μ 0I
(
B = 4πR cosθ 1 − cosθ 2 ......(i))
Where, θ 1 and θ 2 are the angles made by the endpoints of the wire to the external point.
And using right hand thumb rule, we get direction of magnetic field,
π
st ∘
For the 1 semi-infinite part, θ 1 = 0 and θ 2 = 90 = 2


μ 0I
Substitute the above values in equation (i), we get B 1 = 4πR

For the bent portion, θ 1 = 45 ∘ and θ 2 = 135 ∘

Therefore, magnetic field will be, B 2 = 4πR


μ 0I

[ 1

√2
+
1

√2 ]⊗
⇒B ⊗
μ 0I
2 = 2 2πR

π
For the second semi-infinite part, θ 1 = 2 and θ 2 = 0


μ 0I
Therefore, magnetic field will be, B 3 = − 4πR
Total magnetic field at point o is, B = B 1 + B 2 + B 3

⇒B=
μ 0I

2√2πR

Question 9 :
Total energy of a particle when it travels with a speed nearly equal to the speed of the light, the relativistic
energy is given by
2
E 2 = p 2c 2 + m 0c 4......(i)
where, p: momentum of the particle, m 0 : rest mass of the particle, c : speed of light

For photon, rest mass m 0 ( )=0


Therefore, equation (i) becomes E 2 = p 2c 2 ⇒
E = pc
But for the electron rest mass is not zero, i.e., m 0 ≠ 0
Therefore, E = pc for an electron.
Thus, E = pc is valid for photon only.

Question 10 :

An oscillating LC-circuit having a maximum charge on the capacitor as Q.


We have to find the charge on this capacitor when the energy is stored equally between the electric and
magnetic fields.
Li 2
Magnetic energy stored by the inductor at any instant is U L = 2
q2
Electrical energy stored by the capacitor at any instant is U C = .........(i) [where, q is the charge at that instant]
2C
Q2
Maximum electrical energy stored by the capacitor is U C max = 2C .......(ii)
We are given that energy is equally stored between the electric and magnetic fields. ⇒U L = U C........(iii)
By the principle of conservation of energy, U C + U L = U C max
⇒ 2U C = U C max [ using equation (iii) ]

⇒2 = q2
2C
Q2
2C
[ using equation (i) and (ii) ]

⇒q= √ Q
2

Question 11 :

Spring constant, k = 5 × 10 3 N / m
1
2
The work required to stretch the spring by the displacement x is W = 2 kx

( ) ( )
1 2
When the spring is stretched by 5 cm, work done is W 1 = 2 × 5 × 10 3N / m × 5 × 10 − 2m

⇒W 1 = 6.25J
When the spring is again stretched further by 5 cm, the net displacement of the spring from its equilibrium
position is
x ′ = 5 cm, + 5 cm = 10 cm

( ) ( )
1 2
Thus, the work required to stretch it further by an additional 5 cm is W 2 = 2 × 5 × 10 3N / m × 10 × 10 − 2m

⇒W 2 = 25J
So, the extra work required to stretch the spring by an additional
5 cm is ΔW = W 2 − W 1 ⇒
ΔW = 25J − 6.25J ⇒
ΔW = 18.75J or 18.75N − m

Question 12 :
Let P 1 and P 2 be the partial pressures of gases A and B, respectively. Under equal conditions of temperature
and volume, P 1 = P 2
Let P be the total pressure exerted by the mixture of two gases A and B. Using Dalton's law of partial pressures,
P = P1 + P2

⇒ P = 2P ⇒ 1 P1
P
= 1
2
⇒ P: P 1 = 2: 1

Question 13 :

λ
For resonance, length of the tube is L = (2n + 1) 4
λ
Let first resonance occur at n, thus Length, L 1 = (2n + 1) 4 = 25.4 (given)
Successive resonance will occur at n + 1
λ
Length L 2 = 2[(n + 1) + 1] 4 = 77.4 (given)

Thus, the difference in lengths between the two resonances is given as L 2 − L 1 =


( 3λ
4
−4
λ
)
⇒ (77.4 − 25.4)cm = ⇒ λ = 2(52 cm) = 104 cm
λ
2
Wavelength, λ = 104 cm = 1.04 m
Velocity = Frequency × Wavelength
v = 325 × 1.04 = 338 m / s

Question 14 :

Let initial volume V 1 be V


8
Given: Final volume, V 2 = 27 V
Initial temperature, T 1 = 273 + 27 = 300K
5
γ= 3
We have to find the rise in temperature, say T 2.
For an adiabatic process: TV γ − 1 = constant
γ−1 γ−1
Thus, T 1V 1 = T 2V 2

()
γ−1
⇒T
V1
2 = T1 V
2

( )
5

⇒T 2 = 300 ×
27
8
3 −1

( )
2

⇒T 2 = 300 ×
27
8
3

⇒T 9
2 = 300 × 4 = 675K
⇒T 2 = 675 − 273 = 402K
Rise in temperature = 402K − 27K = 375K

Question 15 :
y 1 = 6cos(100πt)......(i)
y 2 = 4cos(102πt)......(ii)
Standard wave equation is given by y = A 0cos(ωt).......(iii)
From equation (i) and (iii), we get angular frequency ω 1 = 100π = 2πf 1 f 1 = 50 Hz ⇒
Amplitude, A 01 = 6 unit From equation (ii) and (iii), we get ω 2 = 102π = 2πf 2 ⇒
f 2 = 51 Hz
Amplitude, A 02 = 4 unit
Beat frequency = difference in frequencies of the two given waves = f 2 − f 1 = 51 Hz − 50 Hz = 1 Hz, i.e 1 beat
per sec
Resultant amplitude A of superposition of two waves of amplitudes A 01 and A 02 is
2 2
A=
√ A 01 + A 02 + 2A 01A 02cosϕ

For maximum resultant amplitude, phase ϕ = 0 ∘⇒A max =√36 + 16 + 48 = √100 = 10 units
For minimum resultant amplitude, phase ϕ = π ⇒ A min = √36 + 16 − 48 = √4 = 2 units
[ since cosπ = − 1]
Also, Intensity α A max
2
( )
So, I
I max

min
=
( )
A max
A min
2
=
( )
10
2
2


I max 25
I min
= 1

Question 16 :

Current I = 1.6 Amps, Time t = 1 minute or 60 seconds


Two electrons are needed to liberate one ion of Cu + + , i.e. the charge required is
= 2 × 1.6 × 10 − 19C = 3.2 × 10 − 19C
The total charge flow in 1 minute is Q = It = 1.6A × 60s = 96C
96
Thus, the number of ions liberated is n = = 3 × 10 20
32 × 10 − 19

Question 17 :

F
Stress = A

Stress = 400 × 4 / πd 2
= 379 × 10 6 N / m 2
( 400 × 4 )
d2 =
( 379 × 10 T ) 6

d = 1.15 mm

Question 18 :
The free-body diagram of the system is shown below:

[ac is centripetal acceleration ]


Centripetal acceleration is in the horizontal direction as seen in the diagram. So, no acceleration is there in a
vertical direction. So, the net force in a vertical direction is zero.

Thus, Tcosθ = mg ⇒T= mg


cos θ
.....(i)

If L is the original length of the string, then the increase in length is given by ΔL =
( )( )
T
A
L
Y

where, Y: Young's modulus of the wire, A: cross-sectional area of the wire

⇒ =(ΔL
L
mg
cos θ ) 1
× YA [ using equation (i) ]

⇒ stain = mg
YAcos θ

Question 19 :

Two beams of red and violet colors are made to pass separately through a prism (angle of the prism is 60°). We
have to find the angle of refraction at the position of minimum deviation. In the position of minimum deviation,
light passes symmetrically through the prism irrespective of the light wavelength used.

In the position of minimum deviation, r + r = 2r = A[ as deviation δ = 0]

⇒r= 60 ∘
2
⇒ r = 30 ∘
for both the colour.

Question 20 :

( )
Binding energy per nucleon of a deuteron 1H 2 = 1.1MeV

Binding energy per nucleon of helium (2He ) = 7MeV 4

We have to find released energy if helium is formed from the fusion of two deuterons. Rest mass energy of

(mp + mn )c2 − 1.1 × 2MeV


deuteron, E d =

Rest mass energy of helium, E n = (2m p + 2m n )c 2 − 7 × 4


Energy released, E R = 2E d − E n

⇒E R =2 [ (m n ) ] ( )
+ m p c 2 − 1.1 × 2 − 2m p + 2m n c 2 + 7 × 4
⇒E R = − 4 × 1.1 + 7 × 4
⇒E R = − 4.4 + 28
⇒E R = 23.6

Answers Physics Section - B

1 : 6.88 2:3 3:5 4 : 1130 5:2 6 : 2.16


7 : 100 8 : 385 9 : 0.832 10 : 5

Explanations

Question 1 :

Given, Charge on the nucleus = 120e


Distance of closest approach = 10fm
We have to find the de Broglie's wavelength of the proton. The distance of the closest approach is the distance
when the whole of the kinetic energy gets converted into potential energy.

⇒ ⇒v
1 kQ 1Q 2 2k ( 120e ) e
m v2 =
2 p r0
2 = r 0m p
5
Where, m p : mass of the proton = × 10 − 27 kg
3
v: velocity of the proton, k: Coulomb's constant = 9 × 10 9Nm 2C − 2, e: charge on an electron = 1.6 × 10 − 19C, r o:
distance of closest approach = 10fm

Substituting all these values in the above relation, we get, ⇒v 2 =


2 × 9 × 10 9Nm 2C − 2 × 120 × 1.6 × 1.6 × 10 − 38C 2 × 3
10 × 10 − 15 m × 5 × 10 − 37 kg
⇒ v = 331.776 × 10
2 13 m2 / s2
⇒ v = √33.1776 × 10 14 m / s = 5.76 × 10 7 m / s

h h
The de-Broglie's wavelength of the proton at its start is calculated as follows: λ = p = m v
p

⇒λ= 6.6 × 10 − 34Jn × 3


5 × 10 − 2 kg × 5.76 × 10 7 m / s
⇒ λ = 0.6875 × 10 − 14 m ⇒ λ = 6.88 × 10 − 15 m ⇒ λ ≈ 6.88fm

Question 2 :

Capacitance, C = 300μF = 3 × 10 − 4 F
Potential, V = 200 V
AG 0
Now, the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is given by, C = d
......(i) where d is the separation between
the plates.
Also, the charge on a capacitor is q = CV = 3 × 10 − 4F × 200 V = 6 × 10 − 2C
When the distance between the plates is halved, then from equation (i), the new capacitance is, C ∗ = 2C
= 2 × 3 × 10 − 4F = 6 × 10 − 4F
Using law of conservation of charge, total charge on the capacitor is conserved. Thus, the potential difference
q

between the plates becomes, V =
Cz
6 × 10 − 2C
= = 100 V
6 × 10 − 4 F

Initially, the energy stored in the capacitor is, U = 2 CV 2


1
⇒U= 1
2
× 3 × 10 − 4F × (200V) 2 = 6J
1
Finally, the energy stored in the capacitor will be, U ∗ = 2 C ′V ′2 ⇒U = ′
1
2
× 6 × 10 − 4F × (100V) 2 = 3J
Thus, loss in energy (or, change in energy) of the capacitor is ΔU = U − U ′ = 6J − 3J = 3J

Question 3 :

The position coordinate of the car is given by, x = 2 + 5t + 6t 3


We have to find the initial velocity of the car.
dx
2
We know that the instantaneous velocity of the car is given by u = dt = 5 + 18t
Now, initial velocity of the car is obtained by substituting t = 0.
Thus, u 0 = 5 + (18 × 0) = 5 m / s

Question 4 :

Charge, (Q) = 200nC, Separation between the plates, (d) = 5mm, Area of the plate, (A) = 10 sq.cm, Relative

permeability of air ϵ r ( )=1


ϵ 0ϵ rA
We know that: Capacitance, C = d
8.85 × 10 − 12 × 1 × 10 × 10 − 4
C= = 1.77pF
5 × 10 − 3
Also, we know that: Q = CV
Q 2 × 10 − 9
V= C = V = 1130V
1.77 × 10 − 12

Question 5 :

Given, Density of the material of the wire = 7.5 × 10 3 kg m − 3


Stress of the wire = 3.0 × 10 4Nm − 2
Force
Stress produced in the wire due to an applied tension force is defined as, Stress = Area
Let A be the area of cross-section of the wire, then tension T in the wire is given by T = Stress × Area

( )
= 3.0 × 10 4 × A Newton ...(i)
Mass per unit length is given by μ = ( Area ) × ( density )

( ) (
= A ⋅ m 2 × 7.5 × 10 3 kg / m 3 )
= A × 7.5 × 10 3 kg / m 3......(ii)


T
Using equation (i) and (ii), speed of the transverse wave is v =
μ

3.0 × 10 4 × A
=
√ A × 7.5 × 10 3
= 2ms − 1

Question 6 :

Given a mass of copper slab = 2g contains 2 × 10 22 atoms.


We have to find the fraction of electrons that must be removed from sphere to give it + 2μC charge.
Charge on nucleus of each atom = 29e

∴ Net charge on 2g sphere = (29e) × (2 × 10 ) = 5.8 × 10 22 23


ec
∴ No of electrons on sphere = 5.8 × 10 23

∴ Number of electrons removed to give 2μc charge = q


e
2 × 10 − 6
= = 1.25 × 10 13
1.6 × 10 − 19
1.25 × 10 13
Fraction of electrons removed =
Total number of electrons in sphere
1.25 × 10 13
= = 2.16 × 10 − 11
29 × 2 × 10 22

Question 7 :

300
ΔKE = 300%, Let, KE 1 = KE, KE 2 = KE + 100 KE, KE 2 = 4KE
The relation between the kinetic energy and momentum is given by, P = √2 × KE × m
Initial momentum, P 1 = √2 × KE × m .....(i)
Final momentum, P 2 =
√2 × KE2 × m = √2 × 4KE × m = 2√2 × KE × m .....(ii)

From equation (i) and equation (i), P 2 = 2P 1


P2 − P1
Percentage increase in momentum, %ΔP = P1
× 100
2P 1 − P 1
%ΔP = P1
× 100 = 100%

Question 8 :

→ →
When a magnetic dipole of moment M is held at an angle θ with the direction of a uniform magnetic field B, then
it experiences a torque.
The magnitude of the torque acting on the dipole is: T = MBsinθ ......(i)
Where M is magnetic moment and B is magnetic field
Given: Number of turns (N) = 10, I = 10A, B = 5T and radius (r) = 7cm = 7 × 10 − 2m
θ = 30 ∘
The magnitude of the torque acting on the circular coil is: τ = MBsinθ
Here, M = I × N × Area of coil

( ) ⇒ M = 154 × 10
22 2
M = 10 × 10 × 7 × 7 × 10 − 2 − 2Am 2

Putting the value of M in equation (i), we get, T = 154 × 10 − 2 × 5 × sin30 ∘ ⇒ T = 385 × 10 − 2Nm

Question 9 :

Given, V = 200sin300t, V 0 = 200 V, ω = 300rad / s ( ∵ V = V sinωt), R = 10Ω, L = 800mH = 800 × 10


0
− 3H

Inductive reactance, X L = Lω = 800 × 10 − 3 × 300Ω

We know that, Z =√R + (X 2


L )
− XC 2

Now, Z = √ R + (X − 0 )
2
L
2
⇒ Z = √10 + (800 × 10 2 −3 × 300 ) ⇒ Z = 240.2Ω
2

⇒I
V0
From Ohm's law, V 0 = I 0R 0 = R
For an LCR circuit, the net resistance is the impedance Z.

∴I
V0 200
0 = Z = 240.2 = 0.832 A

Question 10 :

Given, v = 10 m/s, r = 25 m and a t = 3 m/s 2


Net acceleration is the resultant acceleration of centripetal acceleration and tangential acceleration i.e.,
2 2
a=
√ ac + at

Centripetal Acceleration a c : ( )
∴a c = r
v2

⇒a c =
( 10 ) 2
25
100
= 25 m/s 2
2 2
Thus, net acceleration a =
√a t + ac = √4 2 + 3 2 = 5 m/s2

Answers Chemistry Section - A

1 : (a) 2 : (d) 3 : (d) 4 : (b) 5 : (d) 6 : (b)


7 : (b) 8 : (a) 9 : (d) 10 : (c) 11 : (a) 12 : (b)
13 : (a) 14 : (a) 15 : (a) 16 : (c) 17 : (b) 18 : (c)
19 : (d) 20 : (c)

Explanations

Question 1 :

According to Graham's law of diffusion of gases,


r1 M2
r2
=
√ M1
where, r 1, r 2 = Rates of diffusion of the two gases, M 1, M 2 = Molar masses of the two gases

For He and Ar,


where, M Ar = 40 M He = 4
r He

√ √
40 10
Substituting the values in equation (i), we get r = 4
= 1
= 3.16
Ar

Under similar conditions, He will diffuse through a semi-permeable membrane 3.16 times as fast as Ar.

Question 2 :

Trans-1-bromo-2-phenylcyclopentane on reaction with alcoholic KOH, undergoes dehydrohalogenation via


E2 elimination. The mechanism involved is as given:
Anti elimination takes place. The H and Br that are eliminated, should be present at a dihedral angle of 180° to
each other. Thus, the product formed is 3-phenylcyclopentene.

Question 3 :

$\left[\mathrm{Co}(\mathrm{en})_2 \mathrm{Cl}_2\right]^{+}$has largest number of isomers which includes


geometrical isomers (cis and trans isomers) as well as stereoisomers ( $\mathrm{d}$ form, $\mathrm{l}$ form
and optically inactive form). en is a bidentate ligand.

Question 4 :

When potassium chromate (K 2CrO 4) is treated with an excess of dilute nitric acid, potassium dichromate and
water are formed.
The following chemical reaction takes place:
2K 2CrO 4 + 2H + → K 2Cr 2O7 + H 2O + 2K +
Yellow Colour
2− 2−
or, 2CrO 4 + 2H + → Cr 2O 7 + H 2O
Chromate ion Dichromate ion
Let oxidation state of Cr in K 2CrO 4 be y.
Thus, 2 × 1 + y + 4 × ( − 2) = 0 (As, oxidation states of K and 0 are +1 and -2 respectively. )
y=6
Let oxidation state of chromium in K 2Cr 2O 7 be X.
Thus, 2 × 1 + 2X + ( − 2) × 7 = 0 (As, oxidation states of K and 0 are +1 and -2 respectively. )
x = 6 As there is no change in the oxidation state for Cr, no redox reaction occurs.

Question 5 :

Whenever an alkyl halide reacts with alcoholic potash (or alcoholic sodium hydroxide), beta-elimination of the
halide occurs, leading to the formation of an alkene.

Question 6 :

We have to find the polymer obtained. Primary aliphatic amines on reaction with sodium nitrite (NaNO2) in
acidic medium (H3O+) yields alcohols which on polymerisation yield the product. The reactions involved are:
Question 7 :

Freezing point of 4% aqueous solution of X = Freezing point of 12% aqueous solution of Y.


The molecular weight of X = A
We have to find the molecular weight of Y.
So the freezing point of 4% aqueous solution of X is equal to freezing point of 12% aqueous solution of Y, their
depression in freezing point will be equal △T 0
f = Tf − Tf
where, △T f =
0
Depression in freezing point, T f = Freezing point of pure solvent, T f = Freezing point of solution,
ΔT f is given as: ΔT f = iK fm, where, i = van't Hoff factor, K f = Molal depression constant, m = Molality
Taking W kg of solvent
Molarity = No. of moles of solute / Mass of solvent (in kg)
( 4 / Mz )
mz = w

Question 8 :

Frenkel defect: It is a stoichiometric defect. Frenkel defect arises when an ion leaves its normal site and
occupies an interstitial site. A cation is much smaller than an anion, thus, this defect is caused by the
displacement of cations from original sites to interstitial sites.

Question 9 :

As we know, in aryl halides there is a partial double bond character between C - CI bond due to the resonance
effect of Cl which has lone pair of electrons.
Thus, it cannot be cleaved. CCl 4 and n -hexyl chloride have covalent bonds, thus, cannot be broken. Now, benzyl
bromide (which is a 1 ∘ halide), the C − Br bond breaks easily as the carbocation formed is resonance stabilised
and thus, it reacts with alc. AgNO 3 at room temperature and brown precipitates of AgBr are formed.

Question 10 :

pK a of a weak acid, HA = 4.5


We have to find the pOH of an aqueous buffered solution of HA in which 50% of the acid is ionized.
The ionisation of HA can be given as: HA ⇌
H+ + A−
As the acid is 50% ionised at equilibrium the concentration of HA will be equal to the concentration of A i.e.

[HA] = A − [ ]
[A ]

For the acidic buffer, pH value can be given using Henderson's equation as: pH = pK a + log
[ HA ]
[ [A ]
]

pH = pK a log = log1 = 0 .....(i)


A ]

Substituting the value of pKa in equation (i), we get pH = 4.5


We know that, pH + pOH = 14 or, pOH = 14 − 4.5 or, pOH = 9.5
Therefore, the pOH of an aqueous buffered solution of HA in which 50% of the acid is ionised is equal to 9.5.

Question 11 :

The given reaction is: The reaction is an example of acidic dehydration


of alcohol and it proceeds via the formation of a carbocation. The steps involved in mechanism are:
1. Formation of carbocation intermediate

2.The carbocation undergoes rearrangement through hydride shift

This gives a more stable carbocation, with the positive charge on the carbon adjacent to the phenyl group. The
phenyl group can stabilise the carbocation through resonance effect, i.e. through delocalisation of the positive
charge around the benzene ring.
3. In the final step, a proton is released and a double bond is formed.

Now, trans-alkene is more stable than that of cis-alkene because in cis-alkene, stearic hindrance is present.
Therefore, the main product of the given reaction is:

Question 12 :

Mg(g) → Mg + (g) + e − IP 1 = 178 kcal mol − 1


Mg + (g) → Mg 2 + + e − IP 2 = 384 kcal mol − 1
¯
Mg → Mg 2 + + 2e − ΔH = ?
The successive ionisation enthalpies i.e. IP1, and IP 2 are additive so that the overall enthalpy change can be
given as: ΔH = IP 1 + IP 2
On substituting the values, we get ΔH = (178 + 384) kcal mol − 1 = + 562 kcal mol − 1
Therefore, the enthalpy required for the reaction Mg → Mg 2 + + 2e − is + 562 kcal mol − 1.

Question 13 :

(
The following molar ionic conductivities : λ ∘ NH4 + ) = 72ohm − 1cm 2,
(
λ ∘ OH − ) = 198ohm − 1cm 2

Molar conductivity of centinormal NH 4OH solution = 9 ohm − 1cm 2

We have to find the percentage dissiciation of NH 4OH at the given concentration: λ ∘ = λ + NH 4



( +
) + λ (OH )
∘ −


(
where, λ + NH 4
+
) = Molar ionic conductivity of ammonium ions λ (OH ) = Molar ionic conductivity of
∘ −

hydroxide ions
λ ∘ = 72 + 198 = 270ohm − 1cm 2
Now, the degree of dissociation(α), at any concentration is given
Substituting the values of λ C and λ o
9
α = 270 = 0.03333
Percentage dissociation = a × 100 = 0.03333 × 100 = 3.33%

Question 14 :

The equivalent weight of metal = 9, Vapour density of metal chloride = 59.25


∴ Molecular weight of metal chloride = 2 × V ⋅ D = 2 × 59.25 = 118.5

∴ Valency of metal = Molecular weight of metal chloride


Equivalent weight of metal + 35.5
118.5 118.5
Valency of metal = 9 + 35.5 = 44.5 = 2.66
Therefore, atomic weight of the metal = equivalent weight × valency = 9 × 2.66 = 23.9

Question 15 :

Those alkenes in which double-bonded carbons have one or more hydrogen can give aldehydes. If all the
hydrogens of the doubly bonded carbons are substituted, then only ketones are obtained. We will consider the
ozonolysis reaction of all the compounds.
(A). On ozonolysis, Me2C = CHMe gives both aldehyde and ketone, as one doubly bonded carbon has one
hydrogen. The reaction can be represented as:

Question 16 :
( ) = 2 × 10 − 3mol dm − 3 s − 1 for which concentration of A, [A] = 0.05mol dm − 3
Rate r 1

Rate (r 2 ) = 1.6 × 10 − 2mol dm − 3 s − 1 for which concentration of A, [A] = 0.1mol dm − 3


For the given chemical reaction: A → B
According to rate law, rate of reaction is: rate = k[A] n where, n = order of the reaction, k = Rate constant
Using equation (i), we can write
r 1 = k(0.05) n = 2 × 10 − 3
r 2 = k(0.1) n = 1.6 × 10 − 2
r2 k ( 0.1 ) n 1.6 × 10 − 2
Dividing equation (iii) by equation (ii), we get
r1
= =
k ( 0.05 ) n 2 × 10 − 3
2 n = 8, 2 n = (2) 3, n = 3
Therefore, the order of the reaction is three, i.e. the reaction follows third-order kinetics.

Question 17 :

The acidity of the given phenols can be found out from their structures. The structures of the given phenols are
as follows:

1. The presence of an electron-withdrawing group (like NO2 and Cl) having a negative inductive effect and
negative resonance effect attached to the phenyl ring stabilises the negative charge on the oxygen of the
phenoxide ion which is the conjugate base of the corresponding phenols thereby making the phenols more
acidic.
2. The presence of an electron-donating group (like CH3) having +I and +R effects in the phenol ring,
destabilises the phenol ring (by intensifying the negative charge on the oxygen of the phenoxide ion) and
thereby decreasing the acidic character of the phenol.
3. Also, the NO2 group is more electron-withdrawing than the -Cl group.
Therefore, the order of acidity is: p-nitrophenol > p-chlorophenol > phenol > o-cresol.

Question 18 :

Given equilibrium reactions are:


N 2 + 3H 2 ⇌ 2NH ; K 3 1
N2 + O2 ⇌ 2NO : K 2
H2 + O2 ⇌ H O; K
2 3
Now, equilibrium constant K 1, K 2 and K 3 are given by:

[ NH3 ] 2
K1 = .......(i)
[ N 2H 2 ] 3
| NO | 2
K2 = .........(ii)
| H2 | | O2 |
| H 2O | 2
K3 = .......(iii)
| H2 | | O2 | 1 / 2
We have to find out the equilibrium constant for the reaction:
5
2NH3 + 2 O2 ⇌ 2NO + 3H20
| H 2O | 3
[ NO ] 2
Let equilibrium constant for this reaction be K. K = ......(iv)
[ NH3 ] 2 [ O2 ] 5 / 2
∣H O ]
2
3
| NO | 2
3
Cubing equation (iii) and multiplying with equation (ii), we get K 3K 2 = ⋅
| H2 | 3 | O2 | 3 / 2 [ N2 ∣ [ O2 ]
| H 2O | 3
| NO | 2
= .......(v)
| N2 | | H2 | 3 | O2 | 5 / 2
[ ]3
[ NO ] 2 H 2O

3
K 3K 2 [ N2 ] [ H2 ] 3 [ O2 ] 5 / 2
Dividing equation (v) by equation (i), we get K =
1 [ NH3 ] 2
[ N2 ] [ H2 ] 3
∣ NO ] [ H O ]
2
2
3

= .......(vi)
| NH | | O |
3
2
2
5/2

K 33K 2
Comparing equation (iv) and (vi), we get K = K1

Question 19 :

P atom = number of bond pairs + number of lone pairs = 3 + 1 = 4


1(s) + 3(p) → 4(sp 3)

No. of p -orbitals
We know that, Percentage of p-character = Total no. of orbitals × 100
3
Thus, percentage of p-character = 4 × 100 = 75%
Therefore, percentage of p-character in the orbitals forming P − P bonds in P 4 is 75%.

Question 20 :
i. C (graphite) + O 2(g) → CO 2(g); ΔrH ∘ = x kJmol − 1
1
ii. C( graphite ); 2 O 2(g) → CO 2(g) → CO(g); ΔrH ∘ = x − yΔrHo = y kJmol − 1
Subtracting equation (ii) from equation (i), we get
1
2
O 2(g) → CO 2(g) → CO(g); ΔrH ∘ = x − y
1
CO(g) + 2 O 2(g) → CO 2(g); ΔrH ∘ = x − y
This is equation (iii), enthalpy of reaction for equation (ii), is given as z kJmol − 1
∴z=x−y⇒x=y+z

Answers Chemistry Section - B

1:1 2:9 3 : 33.3 4:2 5 : 7.96 6:

0.05 × 10 − 14

7 : 8.91 8 : -42.1 9 : 1.393 10 : -107.5

Explanations

Question 1 :

Given, Temperature = 900 ∘ C, Initial pressure = 200 mm


50% decrease in pressure in = 53 min
73% decrease in pressure in = 100 min
We have to find the order of the reaction.
Using hit and trial method and calculate the value for rate constant (k)
2.303 a
Let us start with first order. For a first order reaction. k =
t
log a − x ......(i)
where, t = Time, a = Initial concentration, a − x = Concentration at time t
Case I: Initial concentration (a) = 200 mm

x=
( 50
100 )
× 200 mm and t 1 = 53 minutes

Substituting values in equation (i), we get


2.303 200
k1 = 53
log 200 − 100 = 0.0131m − 1
73
Case II: x = 200 × 100 = 146 mm
t 2 = 100 mins
2.303 200
Substituting values in equation (i), we get k 2 = 100 log 200 − 146
2.303 200
= 100 log 54 = 0.0131m − 1
Now, since the value of k is constant for the given using order of reaction and thus, the reaction is of the first
order.

Question 2 :

Volume of 1 mole of liquid = 100ml at 1 bar


Volume of 1 mole of liquid = 99ml at 100 bar
The process is irreversible as it is steeply changed from 1 bar to 100 bar
(
Therefore, w = − p v 2 − v 1 )= − 100(99 − 100) = 100 bar ml
Also ΔU = q + w, q = 0 since container is insulated ⇒ ΔU = 100 bar ml
⇒ ΔH = ΔU + Δ(PV) = ΔU + (P V 2 2 )
− P 1V 1 = 9900 bar
ΔH ml = 1100x bar ml
9900 ml = 1100x bar ml ⇒ x = 9

Question 3 :

The atomic mass of element = Z


Two isotopes have mass number (Z − 1) and (Z + 2)
We have to find the percentage abundance of heavier isotope (Z + 2)
Let the percentage abundance of an isotope with mass number Z + 2 be y
The percentage abundance isotope with mass number Z − 1 is (100 − y)
We know that, (Percentage abundance of isotope I × Mass number if isotopes I) + (Percentage abundance of
isotope II × Mass number of isotope II) − Mass number of Z × 100
y × (Z + 2) + (100 − y) × (Z − 1) = 100 × Z
yZ + 2y + 100Z − yZ − 100 + y = 100Z
3y = 100
100
y = 3 = 33.3%

Question 4 :

[
log −
d[A]
dt ] [ ]
= log
d[B]
dt
+ 0.3

For reaction, aA → bB
(Change concentration of reactant)
Rate of reaction is given as: = Time taken
1 d[A] 1 d[B]
Thus, rate of reaction is given as: − a dt
= b dt .........(i)
d[A] a d[B]
Rearranging, we get − dt
= b dt

Taking logarithm on both sides of above equation, we get log

a
( −
d[A]
dt ) a d[B]
= log b + log dt

log b = 0.3
a
or, b = 10 0.3 = 1.995 ≈ 2.00

Question 5 :

Uncertainty in position (Δx) = de-Broglie's wavelength (λ)


We have to find the minimum percentage error in the measurement of velocity.

According to Heisenberg uncertainty principle Δx. △p ≥ h



......(i)
where, Δx = Uncertainty in position, Δv = Uncertainty in velocity, h = Planck's constant
h h
According to de-Broglie's equation: λ = mv = p ......(ii)
where, p = Momentum, λ = de-Broglie's wavelength, m = Mass of an electron, v = Velocity of the electron
Thus, equation (ii) can be written as: Δx = ( Δx = λ) ∵
Substituting the value of Δx in equation (i), we get

Δp 1
()
h
p
h
Δp ≥ 4π

p
≥ 4π
Δp 1
p
≥ 4x ( constant )…. (iii)
Thus, its velocity will be completely uncertain. Momentum, p is given by: p = mv
where, m = mass, v = Velocity
Thus, Δp = mΔv
mΔv 1
Substituting the value of p and Δp in equation (iii), we get mv = 4x
Δv 1
v
= 4π
Δv 1 1
Substituting the value of Π = 3.14 in above equation, we get v = 4 × 3.14 = 12.56
Δv 1
v
× 100 = 12.56 × 100
= 7.9617 ≈ 7.96

Question 6 :

Ca(OH) 2 ⇌ Ca 2+
+ 2OH −
Given, pH = 9 So, pOH = 14 − 9 = 5

[OH ] = 10 M
− −5

10 − 5
So, [Ca ] = 2+
2

Thus K = [Ca ][OH ]


sp
2+ − 2

=
( )
10 − 5
2 (10 )
−5 2 = 0.5 × 10 − 15 = 0.05 × 10 − 14

Question 7 :

Molal depression constant = Depression in Kelvin per mole of solute present in kg of solvent.
molecular mass of Ethylene Glycol = C 2H 6O 2 = 62 gm / mole
Number of moles 50 1000
kg of water
= 62 × 200 = 4 moles / kg
Actual depression in freezing point temperature: 1.86 ∘ K × 4 = 7.44 ∘ K
Specific heat of Ice = 2 J / gm − ∘ K
The heat released from 200gm of water (ice) due to the lowering of temperature = 7.44 × 2 × 200 = 2976 J
Latent heat of fusion of ice = 334 kJ / kg = 334 J / gm
Amount of ice that will melt away due to availability of 2, 976 J:
2976
= 334 = 8.91gm

Question 8 :

The thermochemical reactions are as given below.


NH 3( g) + aq → NH 3(aq), ΔH = − 8.4 KCal
HCl(g) + aq → HCl(aq), ΔH = − 17.3 KCal
NH 3(aq) + HCl(aq) → NH 4Cl(aq), ΔH = − 12.5 KCal
NH 4Cl(s) + aq → NH 4Cl(aq), ΔH = + 3.9 K Cal
The reaction (4) is reversed and added to the reactions (1), (2)
and (3) to obtain the reaction NH 3(g) + HCl(g) → NH 4Cl(s)
So, the heat change of the reaction is − 8.4 − 17.3 − 12.5 − 3.9 = − 42.1 KCal

Question 9 :

The solubility S of Ca(OH) 2 is 1.50 kg m − 3 or 1.50 gL − 1. Convert the unit of solubility in moles per litre.
1.50 gL − 1
= 0.020 mol L − 1.
74.1 g mol − 1
The hydroxide ion concentration is twice its solubility.

[OH −
= 2S = 2 × 0.020M = 0.040M.

The pOH of the solution is, pOH = − log OH −[ ] = − log0.040 = 1.393.

Question 10 :

CuO + C → Cu + CO
∘ ∘
ΔG ∘ = ΔG f (CO) − ΔG f (CuO)
= − 137.2 + 129.7 = − 7.5 kJ
CuO + H 2 → Cu + H 2O

( )
ΔG ∘ = ΔG f H 2O − ΔG f (CuO)

= − 237.2 + 129.7 = − 366.9 kJ


Both the reactions are spontaneous means CuO can be reduced by both C and H 2 and thus the given statement
is false.
CuO + H2 → Cu + H2 = − 237.2 + 129.7 = − 107.5 kJ

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