Faculty of Information and

Engineering Technology
Dr. Tallal Elshabrawy

Bar Code

Internet (NETW 503)

Winter 2021
Midterm Examination
Nov. 15th 2021
Please read carefully before proceeding.
1. The duration of this exam is 2 hours
2. Only calculators are permitted for this exam
3. Be brief in your answers, No need to write long essays
4. Sometimes additional space is left to start new questions in a new page
5. This exam booklet contains 14 pages including this one. Two extra sheets of
scratch papers are attached
Good Luck!

Marks:
Problem 1 2 2 4 Total
Number
Possible 8 8 12 12 40
Marks
Final
Marks
Problem 1:

a. State whether the following statements are True (T) or False (F)
CORRECT THE FALSE STATEMENTS

i. HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) runs on top of TCP. ( )

ii. DNS (Domain Name Service) runs on top of TCP. ( )

iii. The use of efficient end-to-end flow control at the transport layer helps avoid the
need of using flow control in the data link layer of routers within the network.
( )

iv. A router may have one interface only. ( )

v. UDP is a transport layer protocol that does not perform flow control.
( )

vi. HTTP running at the client uses port 80. ( )

vii. When using cookies in HTTP, the cookie file is stored at the serve r
( )

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b. In the Figure below, sketch the sequence of DNS messages during DNS discovery
assuming iterative query mode is utilized
root DNS server

TLD DNS server

local DNS server

dns.poly.edu

authoritative DNS server

dns.cs.umass.edu
requesting host
cis.poly.edu

gaia.cs.umass.edu

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c. The Figure below depicts the TCP and IP packet formats.
head. type of source port # dest port #
ver length
len service sequence number
fragment
16-bit identifier flgs
offset acknowledgement number
time to upper header head not
live layer checksum len used
UA P R S F Receive window
checksum Urg data pnter
32 bit source IP address
32 bit destination IP address Options (variable length)

Options (if any)

data application
(variable length, data
typically a TCP (variable length)
or UDP segment)

IP Pkt Format TCP Pkt Format

Below is the traffic capture of a packet in hexadecimal notation. The capture consists
of an IP header, followed by a TCP header. (Hint: Each digit corresponds to 4 bits.)

4500 002c 9d08 4000 8006 8bff 808f 8990 808f 4715 065b 0050 0009 465b 0000 0000 6002 2000
598e 0000 0204 05b4

i. What is the source port?

ii. Can you tell which application port is carried within the TCP packet (Explain
your answer?

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Problem 2:

a. The Figure below shows an DHT network. If the message between Neighbor
devices take 0.5s of delay while messages over short cuts take 0.75 s of delay.
How much time is required for node 4 to identify the terminal responsible for key
1 in circular DHT with shortcuts? Compare with the case of circular DHT without
shortcuts

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15

4
12
5
10
8

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b. Consider distributing a file of F = 2 Gbits to N peers. The server has an upload
rate of us= 40 Mbps, and each peer has a download rate of di = 4 Mbps and an
upload rate of u.
For u = 500 Kbps, how many clients can be supported for the distribution time
does not exceed 1 hour for each of the client-server distribution and P2P
distribution.

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Problem 3:

10 Mbps Link

LAN 1 10 Mbps Link

public
Internet
10 Mbps Link

LAN 2
Consider a Network for which there are two institutional department networks that are
connected to each other and to the Internet as shown. All access links between
routers have a rate of 10 Mbps and the institutional LAN rate for both departments is
100 Mbps. Suppose that the average web page size requested by department 1 is
1,000,000 bits composed of 5 objects. Suppose that the average web page size
requested by department 2 is 1,500,000 bits composed of 10 objects. The average
request rate from the institution’s browsers in department 1 to the origin servers is 8
web page requests per second. The average request rate from the institution’s
browsers in department 2 to the origin servers is 5 web page requests per second.
Also suppose that the amount of time it takes from when the router on the Internet
side of the access link forwards an HTTP request until it receives the response is 1
seconds on average.

i. In order to download one web page from department 2, what would be the
average download time if Non-persistent HTTP with no parallel TCP connections?

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8
ii. Now suppose a cache is installed in the institutional LAN in department 2 as shown.
Suppose the miss rate is 0.4 from both departments, what would be the average
download time if Non-persistent HTTP with no parallel TCP connections in order to
download one web page in BOTH department 1 and department 2 separately.

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Problem 4:

a. Given the figure below, each TCP segment is identified by a sequence number
along with size in bytes. Each ACK is identified by sequence number only. Fill in the
grey boxes based on the scenario shown in the figure below

Host A Host B

Seq=92 timeout
Seq=92 timeout

time

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b. What fast retransmit in TCP, when does it occur and why is it implemented.

c. What is a delayed ACK in TCP and why is it implemented?

d. Sketch a time diagram for the three-way handshake operation in TCP. On the time
diagram for each step of the three way handshake indicate the status of the SYN
bit, sequence number and acknowledgement number (assume initial client
sequence number of 300 and assume initial server sequence number of 290)

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e. Consider the following graph of TCP throughput (NOT DRAWN TO SCALE), where
the y-axis describes the TCP congestion window size of the sender.

Assume that the network has an MSS of 2000 bytes and the round-trip-time between
sender and receiver of 200 milliseconds. Assume at time 0 the sender attempts to
open the connection. Also assume that the sender can “write” a full window’s worth of
data instantaneously, so the only latency you need to worry about is the actual
propagation delay of the network.

- How much time has progressed by point B?

- If the TCP connections needs to transmit on behalf of the application layer a

stream of size 40,000, How long would this take given we start from t=0 in
the figure?

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Extra Sheet 1:

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Extra Sheet 2:

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