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Introduction To Regression Analysis

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20 views14 pages

Introduction To Regression Analysis

Uploaded by

niclal8181
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to Regression

Analysis
1. Introduction to Correlation
• A scatter plot visually displays the relationship between two continuous variables.
• Scatter Plot Example:
• A sample scatter plot of hours studied (X) vs. test scores (Y):
1. Introduction to Correlation
• Correlation coefficient (r): Measures the strength and direction
of the linear relationship between two variables.
• Values range from -1 to +1.
• Positive correlation: As one variable increases, the other tends to
increase.
• Negative correlation: As one variable increases, the other tends to
decrease.
• Limitation of correlation: It only observes relationships; it does
not indicate cause-and-effect.
2. Why Regression Analysis?
• Correlation shows a relationship but does not explain if one
variable influences the other.
• Regression analysis helps us:
• Quantify the relationship between variables.
• Predict the value of one variable (dependent) based on another
(independent).
3. Simple Linear Regression
• A statistical method to model the relationship between two variables:
• Dependent variable (Y): The variable we aim to predict or explain.
• Independent variable (X): The variable used to make predictions.

Equation:
• : Intercept (value of Y when X = 0).
• : Slope (change in Y for a one-unit increase in X).
• : Error term (captures unaccounted variation).
3. Simple Linear Regression
Example:
• Predicting students’ test scores based on hours studied:
• Dependent variable (Y): Test score.
• Independent variable (X): Hours studied.
Key Metric:
• R-squared (): Proportion of variation in the dependent variable
explained by the independent variable.
• = 0.7 means 70% of the variation in Y is explained by X.
4. Moving to Multiple Regression
• When there are more than one independent variable influencing the
dependent variable.
• Example: Predicting house prices based on:
• Dependent variable (Y): House price.
• Independent variables (X1, X2, X3): Square footage, number of bedrooms, location.

Equation:
• Each coefficient () represents the impact of that independent variable on Y,
holding others constant.
5. Conclusion
• Simple regression: Focuses on one predictor.
• Multiple regression: Adds more predictors for a comprehensive
model.
• Regression analysis is a powerful tool for understanding
relationships and making predictions, provided the assumptions
are met and data is carefully analyzed.
Test Procedure in SPSS Statistics
Test Procedure in SPSS Statistics
Test Procedure in SPSS Statistics
Output of Linear Regression Analysis
Output of Linear Regression Analysis
Output of Linear Regression Analysis

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