NMJ20503 Digital Electronic II
Assignment 1
(CO2, PO2, C6)
Due date: 28th January 2025
Question
1. Sequence detector
A circuit monitors an incoming serial bit stream. The information in the bit stream
represents data in groups of 3-bits. The circuit will monitor the incoming bit stream and
assert a signal E whenever the ‘1112’ or the ‘0002’ code is detected. Otherwise, a signal Y
will be asserted when the remaining codes are detected. Use Mealy-type outputs for your
design.
2. Vending Machine A
A vending machine sells candies for 40¢ each. The machine accepts only 10¢ coin. When
the sum of the coins inserted in sequence is 40¢, the machine automatically dispenses
one candy and returns to its initial state. If anything, less than 40¢ is inserted and the Coin
Return (CR) pushbutton is pushed, then the coins deposited are returned through the
coin return slot. Use Mealy-type outputs for your design.
3. Vending Machine B
A vending machine sells candies for 40¢ each. The machine accepts only 10¢ and 20¢
coins and only one coin at a time. When the sum of the coins inserted in sequence is 40¢
or more, the machine automatically dispenses a piece of candy. Use Mealy-type outputs
for your design.
Instructions:
Work in a group of FOUR (4). Refer to Appendix A for the question that has been assigned
to your group and perform the following:
(a) Analyse the question thoroughly and suggest a suitable a state diagram for the Finite
State Machine (FSM). State all assumptions made.
(b) Implement the FSM as clocked synchronous sequential circuits using two di erent
methods, as described in (i) and (ii) as follows:
(i) logic minimization and minimum number of flip-flops.
(ii) Algorithmic State Machine (ASM) chart transformation, which involves replacing each
ASM chart element with the corresponding digital component. No logic minimization is
required, and one flip-flop is used for each state.
For both Question (b)(i) and Question (b)(ii), use D flip-flops.
(c) Analyse the circuit in Question (b)(i) and present the results in a state table to confirm
that all state transitions and all the outputs match with the proposed state diagram in
Question (a). Repeat for Question b(ii). You can confirm your analysis by simulating the
circuits in Question (b)(i) and Question (b)(ii) using intel Quartus Prime Software and
analysing the simulation results.
(d) Discuss and compare the trade-o s, such as implementation complexity, resource
utilization and clarity of implementation, involved in the circuits implemented in
Question (b)(i) and Question (b)(ii).
(100 Marks)
The assignment should be submitted in a report and include all items listed above.
APPENDIX A
Group
Name Question
number
Muhammad Aiman Hakim Bin Che Hamid
Raja Muhammad Fikri Bin Raja Mohd Yusoff Sequence
1
Mohamad Ammar Asyraf Bin Azahar detector
Muhammad Syazwan Bin Mohd Sabre
Muhammad Ariff Azizi Bin Mohd Hilmi
Muhammad Aizat Bin Nordin Vending
2
Muhammad Heyzal Zazmy Bin Nazri machine A
Muhammad Hakimi Bin Ibrahim
Mohd Iqbal Bin Ahmadi
Vending
3 Muhammad Syakir Bin Abdul Halim
machine B
Muhammad Haikal Bin Nor Hasrol
Muhammad Aiqal Syahmi Bin Muhammad Izham
Muhammad Toriq Ziyad Bin Saiful Sequence
4
Muhammad Irfan Bin Rusli detector
Muhammad Ameer Bin Abdul Zaman
Ooi Ying Yen
Tan Jia Qi Vending
5
Siti Nurazalea Balqis Binti Zulkefli machine A
Anis Nabilah Binti Abdul Wahab
Nur Nadia Nadhirah Binti Mazelan
Nur Syafika Binti Azhar Vending
6
Nurul Aisyah Binti Zainudin machine B
Nur Ain Farhani Binti Mohd Arish
Dharchanie A/P Prabahkaran
Sequence
7 Nur Hanisah Binti Ibrahim
detector
Siti Solehah Binti Abdullah
Muhammad Azamuddin Bin Mohamad Amin
Muhammad Faqih Bin Mahasan Vending
8
Muhammad Harith Irfan Bin Muhammad Nuh machine A
Aqil Hazrik Bin Abdol Sham
Raschvindh Rao A/L S.Kamalakanna
Shavin A/L Kuganesan Vending
9
Hematharshan A/L Sevakumar machine B
Tejassvadevan A/L Muniyandy
NURULAIN BINTI Dzia’UDDIN
Sequence
10 Saidatul Nisha Binti Rusdinaidi
detector
Aimi Natasyha Bt Mohamed Zaki
Nurelliyin Bt Nizal Mazli
Saravind A/L Chandran
Muhammad Ammar Bin Mohd Nazaidi Vending
11
Muhammad Fareez Rizwan Bin Nor Md Rihan machine A
Muhammad Hakim Hafizi Bin Masli
Jevan A/L Shanker
Harisshnathan A/L Kaliyappan Vending
12
Kavinesh A/L Thillai Arasan machine B
Vignesshwaran Balakrishnan
Pijanut Boon Teng
Nur Dania Aisya Binti Ahmad Nawab Sequence
13
Suchanan A/L Boon Aik detector
Nurul Asna Binti Jisman
Koggila A/P Dhurairaju
Elysha A/P Robert Muthu Vending
14
Wishal Insyirah Binti Mohd Farook machine A
Nurlela Syafiqah Binti Hassan
Afiqah Binti Azhar
Hanis Binti Hashim Vending
15
Nur Fazilah Binti Muhamad machine B
Nur Irdina Binti Mohamad Asri
Ahmad Zulhilmi Bin Ramli
Kiishokkumaar A/L Kunasegaran Sequence
16
Muvinarsh A/L Ramesh detector
Muhammad Aqil Bin Mohd Najib
Muhammad Ikmal Syauqi Bin Md Sobri
Shazryl Bin Sapari Vending
17
Adam Hafeezy Bin Mohd Dahlan machine A
Muhammad Zulzakwan Bin Kamarazaman
Choong Shao Herng
Muhamad Haziq Fahmy Bin Mohd Razali Vending
18
Muhammad Nabil Bin Azlimi machine B
Muhammad Syahmi Bin Mohd Khairul Azahari
Nur Azmina Binti Fahurruzi
Sarah Nazifa Binti Mohd Nor Ridzuan Sequence
19
Mizatul Najwa Binti Idrus detector
Nurshuhada Binti Rosli
Harani Sivaramu
Vending
20 Nishalini A/P Elangovan
machine A
Nur Alieysha Hazwani Binti Nor Azliza @ Azli
Nur Nadhrah Natasya Binti Hasmawi
Muhammad Adam Bin Mohammad Nasir
Bradley Bin Bailon Vending
21
Hafeez Fahmi Bin Abd Rahim machine B
Muhammad Khairy Bin Mohammed Khusairy
Lee Jia Yu
Sequence
22 Goh Zi Wei
detector
Foo Khai Ling
Mohamad Aslam Bin Kamarulzaman
Muhammad Thaqif Ammar bin Zulfikri Vending
23
Teoh Yik Zhang machine A
Neo Jun Ping
Muhammad Danish Bin Amiruddin
Muhammad Danial Iqbal Bin Muhamad Rizan Vending
24
Muhaimin Bin Mozariman machine B
Muhammad Hamizan Bin Mohamad Nasir
Muhammad Aqmar Nazhan Bin Mohd Fauzi
Muhammad Amirul Farhan Bin Mohd Rafizam Sequence
25
Muhammad Rosmaidie Bin Roslan detector
Ahmad Hazim Irfan Bin Fazilah Suhaimi
Leow Khai Xuen
Chong Hao Nan Vending
26
Tang Jin Hao machine A
Tan Jun Li
Chee Tian Ci
Chee Tian You Vending
27
Eng Kay Xian machine B
Ng Li Xian
Brendan Briel
Irshadudin Bin Mohamad Sopian Sequence
28
Siti Fatimah Azzahrah Binti Roslan detector
Nur Hanis Aina Binti Mohammad Kamal
Muhamad Aiman Ali Bin Abdul Malik
Vending
29 Muhammad Huzaiman Bin Mat Jusoh
machine A
Muhammad Zafran Bin Mohammad Zahir
Muhammad Zulfikry Zaky Bin Zubir
Tengku Nur Afrina Binti Tengku Mohd Affendi
30 Vending
Siti Maisarah Binti Abdul Ghani
machine B
Aina Shamimie Binti Azmi
Muhammed Ariffin Bin Ahamed Ali
Hadi Husni Bin Zamri Sequence
31
Muhammad Izhar Bin Abd Malek detector
Muhammad Affan Bin Muhamad Arbain
