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Atomosphere 100518005917 Phpapp01

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Harsha Har
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28 views20 pages

Atomosphere 100518005917 Phpapp01

Notes

Uploaded by

Harsha Har
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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The Earth’s Atmosphere

The Layers of the Atmosphere


There are five layers of the atmosphere:
•troposphere – weather occurs here, contains
half of the atmosphere
•stratosphere – planes fly here because it is a
smooth ride, ozone layer is here
•mesosphere – meteors burn up in this layer
•thermosphere - known as the outer layer of
the atmosphere, air is very thin
•exosphere - this is where sattelites orbit the
earth and some air particles are released into
space

http://www.vtaide.com/png/atmosphere.htm
Image courtesy of:
http://www.world-builders.org/lessons/less/les3/layers.html
Gases in the Atmosphere
The Earth’s
atmosphere is
made of nitrogen,
oxygen, and other
gases. The pie
graph shows how
much of each is in
the air.
Hot Air Balloons
Hot air balloons are are based on the basic
principle that warmer air rises in cooler air. Hot
air is lighter than cool air, because when air
heats, the molecules spread apart. While a
cubic foot of air normally weighs about 28
grams, if the air is heated by 100°F, it weighs
about 7 grams less. The reason hot air
balloons are so huge is because about 65,000
cubic feet of hot air is needed to lift 1,000
pounds,
http://www.howstuffworks.com/hot-air-balloon.htm
Image and more
information on
hot-air balloons
can be found at:
http://www.
howstuffworks
.com/hot-air-balloon.
htm
The Greenhouse Effect
(it’s natural- somewhat)
The reason our planet is able to
sustain life is because we have
and atmosphere and something
called the greenhouse effect. If
you remember, when we
studied the planets, those with
no atmosphere were either
really hot or really cold.
Mercury’s temperature varies from
200°F to 800°F even though it’s
closest to the sun.
Image courtesy of:
http://www.green-planet-solar-energy.com/mercury-the-planet.html
How Does it Work?
This is how the greenhouse effect works.
• The sun’s rays reach the Earth and convert to
heat energy.
• Some of this heat is absorbed by the surface.
• Some of it returns back to space.
• The atmosphere acts like a blanket, holding
the absorbed heat in so we don’t get too hot
or too cold.

Image on next page courtesy of:


http://www.weatherquestions.com/What_is_the_greenhouse_effect
.htm
Click on the picture to see an animation of the greenhouse
effect.
Important Air Fact 1
The surface of the earth heats unevenly.

Image courtesy of:


http://www.boscobel.k12.wi.us/~schnrich/uneven_heating.htm
Important Air Fact 2
Hot air rises and cool
air sinks.

Click the image to the


right to see an
animations of this.

Image courtesy of:


http://www.revisionworld.com/country.php
Land and Sea Breezes
Uneven heating of air over land and water causes
breezes near the shore. When the land is warmer
than the water during the day, air above it rises, and
a cool breeze blows in from the sea.
As the land cools off at night, air pressure over it
increases, and a cool land breeze blows out to the
sea.
Sea Breezes

Click on one the images to see an amimation of


land and sea breezes.
Land Breezes

Click on one the images to see an amimation of land


and sea breezes.
Images courtesy of:
http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/kids/activities.php
Our Experiments
We did several experiments to
demonstrate the concepts covered in
the slides you just viewed. On the
following slides you will see pictures of
each one, how it worked, and what we
learned.
The Cup and Peanut
We filled a glass bowl with
water and floated a
packing peanut on the
top. We then pushed
down with a plastic cup
and the peanut was
pushed to the bottom of
the bowl. Then we cut a
hole in the cup and the
peanut stayed floating.
We learned that air takes
up space.
Newspaper and Ruler
We placed a ruler
under newspaper to
see if it was harder to
push down than
without the newspaper
and it was.
We learned that air
has weight.
The Two Bags and Candle
We put a candle
under one of the two
bags balanced at the
right. The bag we
placed a candle
under rose.
We learned that hot
air rises.
Temperatures of Different
Surfaces
We used the device at right to
measure the temperatures of:
• playground
• ball field
• basketball court
• grass
We found out that different
surfaces were different
temperatures.
Hot and Cold Water
We added food coloring to both hot and cold
water and poured into a glass bowl of tap
water to see what happened. The hot water
stayed toward the top and and cold water
sunk to the bottom. We learned that hot air
rises and cold air sinks. For pictures, click on
the website below.

Experiment adapted from activity on the following website:


http://www.prh.noaa.gov/hnl/kids/activities.php

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