CSC305 – Data Communication and Networking FALL 2024

College of Engineering

Department of Computer Science and Information Technology

Data Communications and Networking/ CSC305

Assignment 1

Dr Mouatsim Al Awida

Submitted: November 10, 2024

Student Name Student ID

Dina Amjad Alhiyari 1089617

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 College of Engineering
CSC305 – Data Communications and Networking
Fall 2024-2025
Assignment One

Question 1 (1.25 marks):

Consider the 3rd, 4th, and 6th digits of your student ID composed of seven digits. Convert
it to binary format (each digit is represented by a maximum of 4bits). For example,
1087365 is simplified to 876 and then converted to 1000 0111 0110. If any of the three
digits is equal to zero, then you need converted to number 9. Assume now that we want
to send your simplified student ID while being able to detect and correct single bit errors.
1.1) (0.25 mark) Using two-dimensional parity check show what will be transmitted
using datawords of size 4bits.
Answer:

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1.2) (0.5 mark) Using the hamming code show what would be the codeword that
corresponds to your simplified binary student ID. Dataword size is 12bits.
Answer:

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1.3) (0.5 mark) Assume that a single bit error occurred and corrupted the 11th bit.
Show that the receiver of such corrupted codeword will be able to detect and
correct the error when using the hamming code.
Answer:

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Question 2 (1 mark):
Reconsider your student ID in a binary format (as explained in the previous question) as
the dataword.
2.1) (0.25 marks) Find the codeword corresponding to this dataword using the CRC
error detection technique, and the divisor polynomial g(x) = x6+x3+1. Use binary
division to obtain the CRC
Answer :

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2.2) (0.25 marks) Now assume that you have the polynomial dataword that is made
as x3rd+x4th+x5th + x7th and the divisor is as in 2.1 above. Make sure to arrange
the numbers in ascending order, meaning that the 3rd should be higher the 4th
and 4th should be higher than the 5th, and so on. Use the polynomial division
technique to find the CRC. Show your final results in binary form. Click here to
see how to do the polynomial division technique.
PS: If any two of your 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 7th are the same, you need to contact your
instructor for advice.
Answer :

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2.3) (0.5 marks) Assume that two errors occurred where 1st and 5th bits are corrupted
in the codeword (numbering starts from 1 and from right); show how the CRC
technique allows you to detect such an error using the divisor of question 2.1.
Answer:

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Question 3 (0.75 marks):
A sender needs to send the five datawords 1037647, 1010973, 249809, 851760, and
the last 5 digits of your student ID. Convert all numbers to binary format and answer the
following questions:
3.1) (0.25 mark) Find the checksum at the sender side.
Answer :

3.2) (0.25 mark) Find the checksum at the receiver side if there is no error.
Answer:

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3.3) (0.25 mark) Find the checksum at the receiver site if the first dataword is changed
from being 1037647 to 13701391.
Answer:

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Question 4 (2 marks):
The Trivial File Transfer Protocol (TFTP, RFC 1350) is an application layer protocol that
uses the Stop-and-Wait protocol. To transfer a file from a server to a client, the server
breaks the file into blocks of 512 bytes and sends these blocks to the client using Stop-
and-Wait ARQ. Assume that the transmission time of one block is 1ms, and that of an
acknowledgment is 1ms. Assume also that the sender uses a timeout value of 4ms. Show
the pattern of transmissions and associated state transitions for the following sequence
of events:
− the server transmits 7 blocks.
− If your student ID is EVEN the 2nd block is lost and the acknowledgment of the 3rd
block (not counting any resubmission) is lost.
− If your student ID is ODD the 3rd block is lost, and the acknowledgment of the 4th
block (not counting any resubmission) is lost.
a) (1 mark) Draw the flow control in the chart provided in the following page. Describe
in detail how the sender and the receiver will behave. Your graphs must show the
sliding windows, the sequence number of the frames, and any special action
performed by the sender and the receiver (e.g., Discard the frame, initiate a timer,
timeouts …) as we have shown in the slides.

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Answer:
STUDENT ID: 1089617, therefore 3rd block is lost, and the acknowledgment of the 4th
block is also lost.

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 b) (0.25 mark) What will happen if the sender uses a longer timeout duration, let say
6ms?

Answer :

If the sender uses a longer timeout duration of 6ms, it will wait longer before retransmitting
a lost block. This could cause delays in the transmission process, as the sender will be idle
for a longer period waiting for an acknowledgment. This longer wait time can reduce
efficiency because the sender is not sending data during this extended timeout period.
However, it may reduce the likelihood of unnecessary retransmissions if acknowledgments
are just slightly delayed rather than lost.

c) (0.25 mark) What will happen if the sender uses a shorter timeout duration, let say
2ms?

Answer :

If the sender uses a shorter timeout duration of 2ms, it may retransmit blocks more frequently
in response to what it perceives as lost acknowledgments. This could increase the chance of
unnecessary retransmissions if an acknowledgment is delayed but not actually lost. This
could lead to inefficiencies as more blocks might be transmitted than necessary, increasing
network load and potentially causing additional congestion.

Notes:

1. Assignment is worth 5% of total mark

2. Submission is no later than 6th November 2024 @ 23:59
3. This assignment is an individual assignment. Please no similarity.
5. 10% of the mark will be deducted for every extra day after the submission date.
6. Submit a document that has answers/screenshots via BB.
7. Any submission via email/Teams will be automatically discarded.

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