0–20 10 10 –60 –600

20–40 35 30 –40 –1400

40–60 52 50 –20 –1040
60–80 61 70 = A 0 0
80–100 38 90 20 760
100–120 29 110 40 1160
Sfi = 225 Sfidi = –1120
Σf i d i 1120
\ x=A+ = 70 − = 70 – 4.98 = 65.02
Σf i 225
fi x = 65.02 approximately.

Exercise 7.1
I. Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark]
1. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

ta
Choose the correct answer from the given options:

ra
(1) While computing mean of grouped data, we assume that the frequencies are
(a) evenly distributed over all the classes (b) centered at the classmarks of the classes

am
(c) centered at the upper limits of the classes (d) centered at the lower limits of the classes
(2) If xi are the mid-points of the class intervals of grouped data, fis are the corresponding frequencies and x is the mean,
then S( fixi – x) is equal to

N
(a) 0 (b) –1 (c) 1 (d) 2

by
⎛ Σf d ⎞
(3) In the following x = A + ⎜ i i ⎟ , for finding the mean of grouped frequency distribution, di =
⎝ Σf i ⎠
om
A − xi
(a) xi + A (b) A – xi (c) xi – A (d)
fi
.c

(4) If the arithmetic mean of n numbers of a series is x and the sum of first (n – 1) numbers is k, the value of the last
number is
lu

x+k
(a) nx – k (b) nx + k (c) (d) n( x + k)
b

(5) Arithmetic mean of all factors of 20 is n

ib

(a) 5 (b) 6 (c) 7 (d) 8

R

(6) The mean of 5 numbers is 27. If one number is excluded their mean is 25. The excluded number is
(a) 30 (b) 35 (c) 32 (d) 36
on

2. Assertion-Reason Type Questions

In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct
d

choice as:
de

(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).
oa

(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
pl

(1) Assertion (A): The arithmetic mean of the following given frequency distribution table is 13.81.
U

x 4 7 10 13 16 19
f 7 10 15 20 25 30
 Σf i xi
Reason (R): x =
Σf i
Σf i d i
(2) Assertion (A): To find mean of a grouped data, we use x = a + where a is the assumed mean and di the deviation.
Σf i
Reason (R): To find deviation, we use di = a – xi where a is the assumed mean and xi is the class mark.
3. Answers the following:
(1) Find the class-mark of class 25–35.
(2) Find the mean of first ten odd natural numbers.
(3) If the mean of the first n natural number is 15, then find n. [CBSE Standard 2020]
(4) Find the class-marks of the classes 10-25 and 35-55. [CBSE Standard 2020]

II. Short Answer Type Questions - I [2 Marks]

4. If the mean of the following data is 20.6, find the value of p.

ta
x 10 15 p 25 35

ra
f 3 10 25 7 5

am
5. Find the mean of the following distribution: [CBSE Standard 2020]
Class 3–5 5–7 7–9 9–11 11–13

N
Frequency 5 10 10 7 8
6. Find the mean of the following distribution:

by
Class 5–15 15–25 25–35 35–45
Frequency 2 4 3 1
om
III. Short Answer Type Questions - II [3 Marks]
.c

7. The mean of the following frequency distribution is 62.8 and sum of all frequencies is 50. Find the missing frequencies
f1 and f2. [Imp.]
lu

Class 0–20 20–40 40–60 60–80 80–100 100–120

b

Frequency 5 f1 10 f2 7 8
ib

8. The arithmetic mean of the following frequency distribution is 53. Find the value of k. [Delhi 2019]
R

Class 0–20 20–40 40–60 60–80 80–100

on

Frequency 12 15 32 k 13
9. The table below shows the daily expenditure on grocery of 25 households in a locality.
d

Daily expenditure (in `) 100–150 150–200 200–250 250–300 300–350

de

No. of households 4 5 12 2 2
oa

Find the mean daily expenditure on food by a suitable method. [NCERT]

10. The following distribution shows the daily pocket allowance of children of a locality. The mean pocket allowance is
pl

` 18. Find the missing frequency f.

U

Daily pocket allowance (in `) 11–13 13–15 15–17 17–19 19–21 21–23 23–25
Number of children 7 6 9 13 f 5 4
11. A class teacher has the following absentee record of 40 students of a class for the whole term. Find the mean number of
days a student was absent. [AI 2019]
Number of days: 0–6 6–12 12–18 18–24 24–30 30–36 36–42
Number of students: 10 11 7 4 4 3 1
IV. Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks]
12. The mileage (km per litre) of 50 cars of the same model was tested by a manufacturer and details are as follows:
Mileage (km / l) 10–12 12–14 14–16 16–18
No. of Cars 7 12 18 13
Find the mean mileage. The manufacturer claimed that the mileage of the model was 16 km / l. Do you agree with this
claim? [NCERT Exemplar] [Imp]
13. An aircraft has 120 passenger seats. The number of seats occupied during 100 flights is given as follows:
No. of seats 100–104 104–108 108–112 112–116 116–120
Frequency 15 20 32 18 15
Determine the mean number of seats occupied over the flights. [NCERT Exemplar]
14. The following distribution shows the daily pocket allowance of children of a locality. The mean pocket allowance is ` 18.
Find the missing frequency k. [CBSE Standard 2020, 2018]
Daily pocket allowance (in `) 11–13 13–15 15–17 17–19 19–21 21–23 23–25
Number of children 3 6 9 13 k 5 4
15. Find the mean of the following data:
Classes 0–20 20–40 40–60 60–80 80–100 100–120
Frequency 20 35 52 44 38 31

ta
Case Study Based Questions

ra
I. Student-Teacher Ratio: Student-teacher ratio expresses the relationship between the number of students enrolled in

am
a school and the number of teachers in that school. It is important for a number of reasons. For example, it can be an
indicator of the amount of individual attention any child is likely to receive, keeping in mind that not all class size are
going to be the same.

N
The following distribution gives the state-wise student-teacher ratio in higher secondary schools of India (28 states and
7 UTs only).

by
Number of students Number of States/ Number of students Number of States/
om
per teacher UTs per teacher UTs
15-20 3 35-40 3
.c

20-25 8 40-45 0
lu

25-30 9 45-50 0
b

30-35 10 50-55 2
ib

1. In order to find the mean by direct method, we use the formula

R

n
Σ f i xi n n n
(a) i =1 (b) (c) n × Σ f i xi (d) n + Σ f i xi
on

n
n Σ f i xi
i =1 i =1

i =1
2. The mean of the above data is
d

(a) 29.2 (b) 30.5 (c) 38.3 (d) 40.1

de

3. The formula for assumed mean method to find the mean is

Σf d Σf i Σf d Σf i d i
(a) A − i i (b) A + (c) A × i i (d) A +
oa

Σf i Σf i d i Σf i Σf i
4. The sum of class marks of 25-30 and 45-50 is
pl

(a) 62 (b) 70 (c) 75 (d) 85

U

5. The sum of the upper and lower limits of modal class is

(a) 55 (b) 65 (c) 85 (d) 75
Answers and Hints
1. (1) (b) centered at the class-marks of the classes (1) (2) 10 (1)
(2) (a) 0 (1) (3) (c) xi – A (1) 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n
(3) 15 =
(4) (a) nx – k (1) (5) (c) 7 (1) n
(6) (b) 35 (1) ⎡n 1 ⎤
2. (1) (a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and ⇒ 15 = ⎢⎣ 2 (2 + n − 1) ⎥⎦
n
reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion [∵ 1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n is an AP
(A). (1) n
and sum of this AP = (2 + n – 1)]
(2) (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. (1) 2
25 + 35 60 1 ⎡ n(n + 1) ⎤ n +1
3. (1) Class-mark = = = 30 (1) ⇒ 15 = ⎢ ⎥ =
2 2 n⎣ 2 ⎦ 2
 ⇒ n + 1 = 30 ⇒ n = 29 (1)
Class
(4) Class-mark of class 10 – 25 7. xi fi fi xi
interval
10 + 25 35
= = = 17.5 0-20 10 5 50
2 2
Class-mark of class 35–55 20-40 30 f1 30 f1

35 + 55 90 40-60 50 10 500
= = = 45 (1)
2 2 60-80 70 f2 70 f2
4. xi fi fi xi 80-100 90 7 630
10 3 30 100-120 110 8 880
15 10 150 Sfi = 30 Sfixi = 2060

ta
p + f1 + f2 + 30f1 + 70f2 (1)
25 25 p

ra
25 7 175
Sfi = 30 + f1 + f2 but Sfi = 50 (given)

am
35 5 175 So, 50 = 30 + f1 + f2 ⇒ f1 + f2 = 20 ...(i)
Sfixi = 2060 + 30f1 + 70 f2

N
Total Sfi = 50 Sfixi = 530 + 25p (1)
Σf x
Now, mean = i i

by
Σfi xi Σf i
Mean x =
Σf i 2060 + 30 f1 + 70 f 2
⇒ 62.8 =
om
50
530 + 25 p
⇒ 20.6 = ⇒ p = 20 (1) ⇒ 3f1 + 7 f2 = 108 ...(ii) (1½)
50
.c

Solving (i) and (ii), we get f1 = 8 and f2 = 12 (½)

5. Class xi fi fi xi 8. Calculation of mean.
lu

3-5 4 5 20 Class Frequency Class

b

fi xi
Interval (fi) Mark (xi)
ib

5-7 6 10 60
0-20 12 10 120
R

7-9 8 10 80 20-40 15 30 450

on

9-11 10 7 70 40-60 32 50 1600

11-13 12 8 96 60-80 k 70 70k
d

Sfi = 40 Sfixi = 326 80-100 13 90 1170

de

(1)
Sfi = 72 + k Sfixi = 3340 + 70k (1)
oa

Sfi xi 326
Mean x = = = 8.15 (1) Σfi xi 3340 + 70k
Sf i 40 ∴ Mean x = ⇒ 53 =
pl

Σf i 72 + k (1)
6. Class xi fi fi xi
U

⇒ 3340 + 70k = 53 (72 + k)

5-15 10 2 20 ⇒ 3340 + 70k = 3816 + 53k
15-25 20 4 80 ⇒ 70k – 53k = 3816 – 3340
⇒ 17k = 476 ⇒ k = 28 (1)
25-35 30 3 90 9.
35-45 40 Daily
1 40 expenditure xi fi di= (xi – a) fi di
(in `)
Sfi = 10 Sfixi = 230
(1) 100-150 125 4 –100 4 × (–100) = –400

Sfi xi 230 150-200 175 5 –50 5 × (–50) = –250

Mean x = = = 23 (1)
Sf i 10
200-250 225 12 0 12 × 0 = 0
 250-300 275 2 50 50 × 2 = 100 12. xi = class-mark and a = assumed mean.
300-350 325 2 100 100 × 2 = 200 C.I. xi di = (xi – a) fi fidi
Sf i = 25 Sfi di = –350 (2) 10-12 11 –2 7 –14
12-14 13 = a 0 12 0
⎡ Σf i d i ⎤ ⎡ −350 ⎤
\ x= a+⎢ ⎥ = 225 + ⎢ 14-16 15 2 18 36
⎣ Σf i ⎦ ⎣ 25 ⎥⎦
16-18 17 4 13 52
= 225 –14 = 211 Sfi = 50 Sfidi = 74 (2½)
Thus, the mean daily expenditure of food is ` 211. (1)
A = 13
10. Class Σf i d i 74
x fi di = (xi – a) fi di x=A+ = 13 +
interval i
Σf i 50
11-13 12 7 –6 7 × (–6) = –42 = 13 + 1.48 = 14.48 km L–1
13-15 14 6 –4 6 × (–4) = –24 Hence, mean mileage of car is 14.48 km/litre.

ta
15-17 16 9 –2 9 × (–2) = –18 So, the manufacturer’s statement is wrong that mileage is
16 km L–1. (2½)

ra
17-19 18 13 0 13 × 0 = 0
13. C.I. xi di = (xi – a) fi fidi

am
19-21 20 f 2 f × 2 = 2f 100-104 102 –8 15 – 120
21-23 22 5 4 5 × 4 = 20 104-108 106 –4 20 – 80

N
23-25 24 4 6 4 × 6 = 24 108-112 110 = a 0 32 0
Sfi Sfi di 112-116 114 4 18 72

by
= f + 44 = 2f – 40 (1½) 116-120 118 8 15 120
Sfi = 100 Sfidi = –8
om
Since x = 18, a = 18
(2½)
⎡ Σf d ⎤ Here, a = 110
\ x= a+⎢ i i⎥
⎣ Σf i ⎦ Σf i d i
.c

x=a+
Σf i
lu

⎡ 2 f − 40 ⎤
⇒ 18 = 18 + ⎢ f + 44 ⎥ (½) −8
⎣ ⎦ = 110 +
b

100
ib

⎡ 2 f − 40 ⎤ = 110 – 0.08
⇒ 0= ⎢ ⎥
⎣ f + 44 ⎦ = 109.92
R

⇒ 0 = 2f – 40 but, seat cannot be in decimal.

on

⇒ 2f = 40 ⇒ x = 110.
⇒ f = 20 Hence, the mean number of seats occupied over the flights
Thus, the missing frequency is 20. (1) is 110. (2½)
d

14. k = 8 (5)
de

11. No. of No. of Class

days students Mark di = (xi – a) fidi 15. Class xi fi fi xi
oa

(CI) (fi) (xi) 0-20 10 20 200

0-6 10 3 –18 –180 20-40 30 35 1050
pl

40-60 50 52 2600
6-12 11 9 –12 –132
60-80 70 44 3080
U

12-18 7 15 –6 –42
80-100 90 38 3420
18-24 4 21 0 0 100-120 110 31 3410
24-30 4 27 6 24 Total Sfi = 220 Sfixi = 13760 (2½)
30-36 3 33 12 36 Σfi xi 13760
Mean x = Σf =
36-42 1 39 18 18 i 220
Sfi = 40 Sfidi = –276 = 62.55 (approx) (2½)
(2) Case Study Based Questions
Let assumed mean a = 21 and class size h = 6 n

Σf i d i Σ f i xi
−276 I. 1. (a) i =1
2. (a) 29.2
Mean, x= a+ = 21 +
Σf i 40 n
Σf i d i
= 21 – 6.9 = 14.1 3. (d) A + 4. (c) 75 5. (b) 65
Hence, mean number of days a student was absent is 14.1. Σf i
(1)
 Class interval Frequency (fi) Cumulative frequency (cf)
0–10 5 5
10–20 x 5+x
20–30 20 25 + x
30–40 15 40 + x
40–50 y 40 + x + y
50–60 5 45 + x + y
Total Sfi = 60

Since the median = 28.5, therefore, median class is 20–30

n
∴ = 30, l = 20, h = 10, cf = 5 + x, f = 20
2
⎛n ⎞
− cf
⎜2 ⎟ ⎛ 30 − (5 + x) ⎞
∴ Median = l + ⎜ ⎟ × h ⇒ 28.5 = 20 + ⎜⎝ ⎟⎠ × 10
⎝ f ⎠

ta
20
25 − x 25 − x

ra
⇒ 28.5 = 20 + × 10 ⇒ 28.5 = 20 + ⇒ 57 = 40 + 25 – x
20 2

am
⇒ 57 = 65 – x ⇒ x = 65 – 57 = 8
Also, 45 + x + y = 60 ⇒ y = 7

N
Exercise 7.2

by
I. Very Short Answer Type Questions [1 Mark]
om
1. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)
Choose the correct answer from the given options:
.c

(1) Consider the following frequency distribution of the heights of 60 students of a class
lu

Height (in cm) 150–155 155–160 160–165 165–170 170–175 175–180

b

No. of students 15 13 10 8 9 5
ib

The upper limit of the median class in the given data is

R

(a) 165 (b) 155 (c) 160 (d) 170

on
d
de
oa
pl
U
 (2) For the following distribution:
Marks Number of students Marks Number of students
Below 10 3 Below 40 57
Below 20 12 Below 50 75
Below 30 28 Below 60 80
The modal class is
(a) 0-20 (b) 20-30 (c) 30-40 (d) 50-60
(3) The cumulative frequency of a given class is obtained by adding the frequencies of all the classes
(a) preceding it (b) succeeding it (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) None of these
2. Assertion-Reason Type Questions
In the following questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of reason (R). Mark the correct
choice as:

ta
(a) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation of assertion (A).
(b) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct explanation of assertion (A).

ra
(c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

am
(d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.
(1) Assertion (A): If the number of runs scored by 11 players of a cricket team of India are 5, 19, 42, 11, 50, 30, 21, 0,
52, 36, 27, then median is 30.

N
⎛ n + 1⎞
th

Reason (R): Median = ⎜ value, if n is odd.

⎝ 2 ⎟⎠

by
(2) Assertion (A): If the value of mode and mean is 60 and 66 respectively, then the value of median is 64.
om
Reason (R): Median = (Mode + 2 Mean)
3. Answer the following.
(1) Write the modal class of the following frequency distribution:
.c

Class interval 10–20 20–30 30–40 40–50 50–60 60–70

lu

Frequency 33 38 65 52 19 48
b
ib

(2) Write the median of the following data: 3, 5, 2, 9, 7, 11

R

II. Short Answer Type Questions - I [2 Marks]

4. Find the median class of following data:
on

Class interval 0–10 10–20 20–30 30–40 40–50 50–60

d

Frequency 8 10 12 22 30 18
de

5. Find the mode of the following data: [CBSE Standard 2020]

oa

Class 0–20 20–40 40–60 60–80 80–100 100–120 120–140

pl

Frequency 6 8 10 12 6 5 3
U

6. The following distribution shows the transport expenditure of 100 employees:

Expenditure (in `) 200–400 400–600 600–800 800–1000 1000–1200

No. of employees 21 25 19 23 12

Find the mode of the distribution.

III. Short Answer Type Questions - II [3 Marks]
7. The weight of tea in 70 packets are as follows:

Weight (in kg) 200–201 201–202 202–203 203–204 204–205 205–206

No. of packets 12 26 20 4 2 1

Determine the modal weight. [Imp.]

 8. The annual rainfall record of a city of 100 days is given in the following table:
Rainfall (in cm) 0–10 10–20 20–30 30–40 40–50 50–60 60–70
No. of days 8 8 14 22 30 8 10
Calculate the median rainfall. [Imp.]
9. The following table shows the ages of the patients admitted in a hospital during a year:
Age (in year) 0–10 10–20 20–30 30–40 40–50 50–60
No. of patients 22 10 8 15 5 6
Find the median of the data given above. [Imp.]
10. The table below shows the salaries of 280 persons:
Salary (In thousand `) No. of Persons

ta
5 – 10 49

ra
10 – 15 133

am
15 – 20 63
20 – 25 15

N
25 – 30 6

by
30 – 35 7
35 – 40 4
om
40 – 45 2
45 – 50 1
.c

Calculate the median salary of the data. [CBSE 2018]

lu

11. The following data gives the information on the observed life-times (in hours) of 25 electrical components. Determine
the model life-time of the components. [Imp.]
b
ib

Life-time (in hrs) 0–50 50–100 100–150 150–200 200–250 250–300 300–350
R

No. of components 2 3 5 6 5 3 1
on

12. The table shows the daily expenditure on grocery of 25 households in a locality. Find the modal daily expenditure on
grocery by a suitable method. [CBSE SP 2018-19]
d

Daily Expenditure (in `) 100-150 150-200 200-250 250-300 300-350

de

No. of households 4 5 12 2 2
oa

13. The median of the following data is 16. Find the missing frequencies a and b, if the total of the frequencies is 70.
[CBSE Standard SP 2020-21]
pl

Class 0-5 5-10 10-15 15-20 20-25 25-30 30-35 35-40

U

Frequency 12 a 12 15 b 6 6 4
IV. Long Answer Type Questions [5 Marks]
14. If the median of the following frequency distribution is 32.5. Find the values of f1 and f2.
Class 0–10 10–20 20–30 30–40 40–50 50–60 60–70 Total
Frequency f1 5 9 12 f2 3 2 40
15. Compare the modal age of two groups of students A and B appearing for an entrance test. [HOTS]
Frequency
Class interval
Group A Group B
16–18 50 54
18–20 78 89
 \ 23-Nov-2021 Amit Proof-3 Reader’s Sign _______________________ Date __________

20–22 46 40
22–24 28 25
24–26 23 17

16. The median of the following data is 525. Find the values of x and y if the total frequency is 100.
Class Interval Frequency
0-100 2
100-200 5
200-300 x

ta
300-400 12

ra
400-500 17

am
500-600 20
600-700 y

N
700-800 9

by
800-900 7
900-1000 4
om
17. Daily wages of 110 workers, obtained in a survey, are tabulated below: [CBSE Standard SP 2019-20]
.c

Daily Wages (in `) 100–120 120–140 140–160 160–180 180–200 200–220 220–240
lu

Number of Workers 10 15 20 22 18 12 13
b

Compute the mean daily wages and modal daily wages of these workers.
ib

18. The distribution given below shows the number of wickets taken by bowlers in one-day cricket matches. Find the mean
R

and the median of the number of wickets taken. [CBSE Standard 2020]
on

Number of wickets 20–60 60–100 100–140 140–180 180–220 220–260

No. of bowlers 7 5 16 12 2 3
d

19. The mode of the following data is 67. Find the missing frequency x. [CBSE Standard SP 2020-21]
de

Class 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90

oa

Frequency 5 x 15 12 7
pl

20. A survey regarding the heights (in cm) of 51 girls of class X of a school was conducted and the following data was
U

obtained. Find the median height and the mean using the formulae.

Height (in cm) Number of Girls

Less than 140 4
Less than 145 11
Less than 150 29
Less than 155 40
Less than 160 46
Less than 165 51
 Case Study Based Questions
I. Females’ Literacy: The education of women helps to remove the social stigma that surrounds it. It is the key to eliminating
social evils such as female infanticide, dowry, child marriage, harassment, etc. This will not just help the women of today
but of the future generations who can live in a world where gender equality exists which ultimately raises the literacy
rate.
The following distribution shows the number of literate females in the age group 0 to 60 years of a particular area.
Age (in years) 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60
No. of literate females 350 1100 900 750 600 500
1. The class marks of class 40-50 is
(a) 70 (b) 90 (c) 10 (d) 45
2. The number of literate females whose ages are between 20 years and 50 years is

ta
(a) 1350 (b) 1650 (c) 2000 (d) 2250

ra
3. The modal class of the above distribution is
(a) 0-10 (b) 10-20 (c) 20-30 (d) 30-40

am
4. The number of literate females whose ages are less than 40 years is
(a) 1450 (b) 2350 (c) 3100 (d) 3700
5. The upper limit of modal class is

N
(a) 10 (b) 20 (c) 30 (d) 60
II. 100 m Race

by
om
.c
b lu
ib

A stopwatch was used to find the time that it took a group of students to run 100 m.
R

Time (in sec.) 0-20 20-40 40-60 60-80 80-100

No. of students 8 10 13 6 3
on

[CBSE Standard SP 2020-21]

1. The estimated mean time taken by a student to finish the race is
d

(a) 54 (b) 63 (c) 43 (d) 50

de

2. What will be the upper limit of the modal class?

(a) 20 (b) 40 (c) 60 (d) 80
oa

3. The construction of cumulative frequency table is useful in determining the

(a) mean (b) median (c) mode (d) All of the above
pl

4. The sum of lower limits of median class and modal class is

(a) 60 (b) 100 (c) 80 (d) 140
U

5. How many students finished the race within 1 minute?

(a) 18 (b) 37 (c) 31 (d) 8
III. COVID-19 Pandemic: The COVID-19 pandemic, also known as coronavirus pandemic, is an ongoing pandemic of
coronavirus disease caused by the transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 among humans.
The following tables shows the age distribution of case admitted during a day in two different hospitals.
Table 1
Age (in years) 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65
No. of cases 6 11 21 23 14 5
Table 2
Age (in years) 5-15 15-25 25-35 35-45 45-55 55-65
No. of cases 8 16 10 42 24 12
 \ 23-Nov-2021 Amit Proof-3 Reader’s Sign _______________________ Date __________

Refer to Table 1
1. The average age for which maximum cases occurred is
(a) 32.24 years (b) 34.36 years (c) 35.91 years (d) 42.24 years
2. The upper limit of modal class is
(a) 15 (b) 25 (c) 35 (d) 45
3. The mean of the given data is
(a) 26.2 (b) 32.4 (c) 33.5 (d) 35.4
Refer to Table 2
4. The mode of the given data is
(a) 41.4 (b) 48.2 (c) 55.3 (d) 64.6
5. The median of the given data is
(a) 32.7 (b) 40.2 (c) 42.3 (d) 48.6

ta
Answers and Hints

ra
1. (1) (a) 165 (1) (2) (c) 30-40 (1) 5. Maximum frequency = 12
(3) (a) preceding it (1) ∴ Modal class = 60–80

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2. (1) (d) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true. ⎡ f1 − f 0 ⎤
Arrange the terms in ascending order, Now, Mode = l + h ⎢ ⎥
0, 5, 11, 19, 21, 27, 30, 36, 42, 50, 52 ⎣ 2 f1 − f 0 − f 2 ⎦

N
11 + 1⎞ ⎡ 12 − 10
th

Median value = ⎛⎜ = 60 + 20 ⎢
⎤
(1)
⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ ⎥⎦

by
⎣ 2 × 12 − 10 − 6
= 6th value = 27 (1) ⎡ 2 ⎤
om
= 60 + 20 ⎢
(2) (c) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false. ⎣ 24 − 16 ⎥⎦
1 20 × 2
Median = (Mode + 2 Mean)
.c

3 = 60 +
8
lu

1
= (60 + 2 × 66) = 64 (1) = 60 + 5 = 65 (1)
3
b

3. (1) Frequency of the class interval 30-40 is maximum, 6. Maximum frequency = 25

ib

i.e., 65. So, the modal class is 30-40. (1) So, Modal class = 400–600
(2) Median ⎡ f1 − f 0 ⎤
R

∴ Mode = l + h ⎢ ⎥ (1)
1 ⎡⎛ 6 ⎞
th
⎣ 2 f1 − f 0 − f 2 ⎦
= ⎢⎜ ⎟ observation
on

2 ⎢⎣⎝ 2 ⎠ ⎡ 25 − 21 ⎤
⎛6 ⎞
th ⎤ = 400 + 200 ⎢
+ ⎜ + 1⎟ observation ⎥ ⎥
⎝2 ⎠ ⎥⎦ ⎣ 50 − 21 − 19 ⎦
d

[∵ n = 6 (even)] 4
de

= 400 + 200 ×
1 10
= [3rd observation + 4th observation]
oa

2 = 400 + 80
1 = 480 (1)
= [5 + 7] = 6 (1)
pl

2 7. Modal class = 201–202 as its frequency is maximum.

\ Modal weight
U

4. Class interval f cf
0–10 8 8 ⎡ f1 − f 0 ⎤
=l+h× ⎢ ⎥ (1)
10–20 10 18 ⎣ 2 f1 − f 0 − f 2 ⎦
20–30 12 30 ⎛ 26 − 12 ⎞
= 201 + 1 × ⎜
⎝ 2 × 26 − 12 − 20 ⎟⎠
(1)
30–40 22 52
40–50 30 82 14
= 201 +
52 − 32
50–60 18 100 (1)
14
= 201 +
n = 100 20
n = 201.7 kg. (1)
⇒ = 50
2 8. 39.09 cm (3)
⇒ Median class is 30-40. (1) 9. 21.25 years (3)
 \ 23-Nov-2021 Amit Proof-3 Reader’s Sign _______________________ Date __________

10. Salary No. of Persons N

cf − cf
(In thousand `) (f)
Median = l + 2 ×h (½)
5–10 49 49 f
10–15 133 182
35 − 24 − a
15–20 63 245 16 = 15 + ×5
15
20–25 15 260
25–30 6 266 (11 − a )
1=
30–35 7 273 3
35–40 4 277 a= 8 (½)
40–45 2 279 55 + a + b = 70
45–50 1 280 55 + 8 + b = 70
b= 7 (½)

ta
N 280
= 14. Here, median = 32.5 and n = 40

ra
2 2
= 140 Now, we have

am
Median class is 10–15 Class Interval Frequency (fi) cf
h ⎛N ⎞ 0–10 f1 f1
Median = l + ⎜⎝ − C⎟⎠ (1)

N
f 2 10–20 5 f1 + 5

by
5 20–30 9 f1 + 14
= 10 + (140 − 49 ) (1)
133 30–40 12 f1 + 26
om
5 × 91 40–50 f2 f1 + f2 + 26
= 10 +
133 50–60 3 f1 + f2 + 29
= 13.42
.c

60–70 2 f1 + f2 + 31
Median salary is `13.42 thousand or `13420 (approx.)(1)
lu

Total Sfi = 40 (1)

11. Modal life-time = 175 hrs. (3)
b

12. 200 – 250 is the modal class. Since the median is given to be 32.5, thus the median class
ib

is 30-40.
f1 − f 0
Mode = l + ×h (1) ⎛n ⎞
R

2 f1 − f 0 − f 2 − cf
⎜2 ⎟
Median = l + ⎜ ×h (1)
⎝ f ⎟⎠
on

12 − 5
= 200 + × 50 (1)
24 − 5 − 2 20 − f1 − 14
⇒ 32.5 = 30 + × 10
d

= 200 + 20.59 12
de

= `220.59 (1)
6 − f1
13. Class Frequency Cumulative
⇒ 32.5 = 30 + × 10 (1)
oa

12
Frequency
6 − f1
pl

0-5 12 12 ⇒ 2.5 = × 10
12
5-10 a 12 + a
U

10-15 12 24 + a 6 − f1
⇒ 2.5 = ×5
15-20 15 39 + a 6
20-25 b 39 + a + b 15
⇒ = 6 – f1
25-30 6 45 + a + b 5
30-35 6 51 + a + b ⇒ 3 = 6 – f1 ⇒ f1 = 3 (1)
35-40 4 55 + a + b
Now, f1 + f2 + 31 = 40
Total N = 70 (1)
⇒ f2 = 9 – 3
55 + a + b = 70 (½)
a + b = 15 ⇒ f2 = 6

Thus, f1 = 3 and f2 = 6 (1)

 \ 23-Nov-2021 Amit Proof-3 Reader’s Sign _______________________ Date __________

15. For group A, modal class is 18-20 ⇒ (14 – x) × 5 = 25

⇒ x = 9, from (i), y = 15 (1)
\ Mode of group A
⎛ f1 − f 0 ⎞ 17. Daily Wages Number of
= l+⎜ ×h (1) xi ui fiui
⎝ 2 f1 − f 0 − f 2 ⎟⎠ (in `) Workers (fi)
100–120 10 110 –3 –30
⎡ 78 − 50 ⎤
= 18 + ⎢ ⎥ ×2 120–140 15 130 –2 –30
⎣ 2 × 78 − 50 − 46 ⎦
28 140–160 20 150 –1 –20
= 18 + ×2
156 − 96 160–180 22 170 0 0

= 18 +
56 180–200 18 190 1 18
60 200–220 12 210 2 24

ta
= 18.93 years (1) 220–240 13 230 3 39

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For group B, modal class is 18-20 Total 110 1
\ Mode of group B (2)

am
⎛ f1 − f 0 ⎞ Mean daily wages
= l+⎜ ×h (1)
⎝ 2 f1 − f 0 − f 2 ⎟⎠
1
= 170 + × 20

N
110
⎡ 89 − 54 ⎤ = `170.19 (approx.) (1½)

by
= 18 + ⎢ ⎥ ×2 (1)
⎣ 2 × 89 − 54 − 40 ⎦ 22 − 20
Mode = 160 + × 20
44 − 20 − 18
om
35
= 18 + × 2 = 18.83 years
84 = `166.67 (approx.) (1½)
Since 18.93 > 18.83 18. Mean:
.c

\ The modal age of students of group A > modal age of

CI xi fi fixi
lu

students of groups B. (1)

20-60 40 7 280
b

16. Class Interval Frequency cf 60–100 80 5 400

ib

0–100 2 2 100–140 120 16 1920

R

100–200 5 7 140–180 160 12 1920

on

200–300 x 7+x 180–220 200 2 400

300–400 12 19 + x 220–260 240 3 720
d

400–500 17 36 + x Total Sfi = 45 Sfixi = 5640 (1)

de

500–600 20 56 + x
Σfi xi 5640
oa

600–700 y 56 + x + y ∴ Mean x = = = 125.33 (1)

Σf i 45
700–800 9 65 + x + y Median:
pl

800–900 7 72 + x + y Number Cumulative

U

Frequency
900–1000 4 76 + x + y of wickets frequency
(2) (fi)
(CI) (cf)
N = 100 ⇒ 76 + x + y = 100 (½) 20–60 7 7
⇒ x + y = 24 ...(i) (½) 60–100 5 12
Median = 525 100–140 16 28
← Median class
⇒ 500 – 600 is median class. 140–180 12 40
n 180–220 2 42
− cf
Median = l + 2 ×h (1) 220–260 3 45
f Total Sf = 45 x = 45 (1)
⎛ 50 − 36 − x ⎞
⇒ 500 + ⎜ ⎟⎠ × 100 = 525
⎝ 20 ∵ n = 45
 n 45 ⎛N ⎞
∴ = ⎜⎝ − C⎟⎠
2 2 Median = l + 2 ×h
= 22.5 f
n Here, l = lower limit of median class = 145
Since, the cumulative frequency just greater than i.e.,
2 C = C.F. of the class preceding the median class
22.5 is 28. (1)
So, the median class is 100-140. = 11 (½)
Now, Median h = higher limit – lower limit
⎡n ⎤ = 150 – 145 = 5
⎢ 2 − cf ⎥
= l+h ⎢ ⎥
⎣ f ⎦ f = frequency of median class = 18 (½)

ta
(25.5 − 11)
⎡ 22.5 − 12 ⎤ ∴ Median = 145 + ×5
= 100 + 40 ⎢ ⎥⎦ 18

ra
⎣ 16
= 149.03 (1)

am
10.5
= 100 + 40 × = 126.25 (1)
16 Calculating mean

N
f1 − f 0 Height
19. Mode = l + ×h (½) f xi fxi
(in cm)
2 f1 − f 2 − f 0

by
below 140 4 137.5 550
15 − x
67 = 60 + × 10 (½)
om
140 – 145 7 142.5 997.5
30 − 12 − x
145 – 150 18 147.5 2655
15 − x
.c

7= × 10 (½) 150 – 155 11 152.5 1677.5

18 − x
lu

7 × (18 – x) = 10(15 – x) (½) 155 – 160 6 157.5 945

b

160 – 165 5 162.5 812.5

ib

126 – 7x = 150 – 10x (1)

3x = 150 – 126 (1½)
R

Σfx
Mean =
3x = 24 N
on

x=8 (1½) 7637.5

=
51
d

20. Calculating Median

de

= 149.75 (1)
Height (in cm) f cf
oa

Below 140 4 4 Case Study Based Questions

140 – 145 7 11
pl

I. 1. (d) 45 2. (d) 2250

145 – 150 18 29
U

3. (b) 10-20 4. (c) 3100

150 – 155 11 40
5. (b) 20
155 – 160 6 46
160 – 165 5 51 (1)
II. 1. (c) 43 2. (c) 60

N 51 3. (b) median 4. (c) 80

N = 51 ⇒ = = 25.5
2 2 5. (c) 30
As 29 is just greater than 25.5, therefore median class
is 145 – 150. III. 1. (c) 35.91 years 2. (d) 45
3. (d) 35.4 4. (a) 41.4
5. (b) 40.2