EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS

UNIT 3 : INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY SKILLS

1. What do you understand about ICT?

ICT stands for Information and Communication Technology. It includes a diverse set of
technological tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store, and
manage information. ICT includes computers, the Internet, broadcasting technologies
(radio and television) and telephony.
When information is stored and recorded on electronic devices, it takes on a ‘digital’
form. The ICT devices, are tablet, smartphones and laptops’ are used for communication.

2. What are the key skills one should possess to use ICT?
● knowing how to operate computers
● knowing how to browse the Internet for collecting, storing and storing and
disseminating information.

3. What is the role of ICT at Workplace?

● At the workplace, we use different computer software and applications to complete
tasks like making documents, calculations, tables, graphs, etc.
● Modern ICT employs a variety of media forms, which includes text, graphics,
animation, audio and video, etc.
● Employees are expected to possess a sound knowledge of all these to work
independently on various software and computers.

4. Give examples of ICT at home?

● At home, most people use television for entertainment and phones for calling up
other people.
● New devices, such as smartphones with an Internet connection are now being used
to stay connected with family and friends on a regular basis.
● We use computers and mobile phones for talking to each other, sending and
receiving information, watching videos and news, listening to music and playing
games.

5. What are ICT Tools?

ICT tools enable anytime, anywhere access to information and resources. The various
ICT tools include computers we use at work, smart phones through which we talk,
Internet for getting information, communicating with others through e-mail and social
networks, watching movies and TV shows, etc.
6. What is a smartphone?
Smartphones are advanced phones which can be used to do things that you normally do
using a computer, such as browsing the web, sending e-mails, making
video calls, playing games, listening to music, watching movies and
much more.
Some of the popular operating systems for smartphones are Android
OS, Apple iOS and Windows Mobile.

7. What are Tablets?

● A tablet is a mini computer with input, output and processing
functions that are all combined into one ‘touch
screen’, where you can do various tasks just by
touching its screen.
● A tablet is bigger than a smartphone and you can
perform all the functions that one can perform on a
computer or a smartphone.

8. TV and Radio
● Radio is used to broadcast audio while TV is used to
broadcast audio-visual information to many people.
● Radio and TV are used for both entertainment and to
learn new things. You can hear news, songs, stories,
speeches, cricket commentary, etc., on radio, while TV
is used for watching movies, news, weather forecast, songs, cartoons and
educational lectures.
9. What are Applications or apps?
Apps are software programs (a set of instructions, or a set of modules or procedures,
that allow for a certain type of computer operation) that perform different functions.
Some of the apps are already present on the phone or tablet. These are called “default”
apps. Besides, there are hundreds of other apps that can be purchased and downloaded
or downloaded free of cost from online stores.
There are several online stores, including Google Play Store for Android and Apple
App Store for Apple.

10. Some of the default apps installed on all Smartphones/ mobiles are given in
the Table
11. Difference Between Smartphone and Tablet
12. Mobile Device Layout
● Power button: This is used to start and shut down a
mobile device.
● Screen: A screen on which we perform functions by
touching with our fingers.
● Back button: It is used to go back to the previous
screen in an application.
● Microphone: This is present at the bottom of the
mobile and we speak into the microphone when we
talk to someone.
● Menu button: This is used to show the options
available in a particular app. This may not be present
in all mobile devices.
● Home button: This brings you back to the Home
Screen from wherever you are in your mobile,
whether you are on another page or using an App.
● Earpiece: This helps you to listen to voice calls.
● Volume button: This helps you to increase or reduce the sound of your mobile.

13. Basic Features of a Smartphone

14. What are the three main parts of the homescreen?
The home screen is the first (start) screen of a mobile device. There are three main parts
of the home screen:
● Status bar
● Main icon area
● Dock

15. Which are the Basic User Gestures on a Smartphone?

Gestures are used to interact with the touch screen of your mobile device. For example,
instead of clicking a mouse to open an App, you tap on the touch screen.

Some of these gestures’ are:

Tap: Touch the screen with your finger once to click.
Double tap: To tap twice quickly. This is to zoom out (increase the
size of) of something. For example, to make a word appear bigger.
Tap and hold: This is similar to right-clicking your mouse.
Pinch: To touch the surface with thumb and finger to move in (pinch) or move out
(spread).
Swipe: To slide a finger to the right, left, up or down of the screen like turning a page.
Drag: To tap, hold and move your finger across the screen, without losing contact

16. What is a short-range wireless communication technology called?

(a) Wi-Fi (b) Internet (c) Bluetooth (d) PS
17. Which part of the home screen is visible on all pages?
(a) Status bar (b) Main icon area (c) Dock (d) Clock
18. What does GPS stand for?
(a) Global Positioning System (b) Global Payment System
(c) Global Program System (d) Global Pointing System
19. Which are the main parts of the computer?
Computer consists of three main units: Input Unit, Central Processing Unit (CPU) and
Output Unit.
20. Explain the working of computers?
Input unit helps the user to enter raw data and instructions into the computer system, the
central processing unit performs the required operations as per given instructions and
the output unit produces meaningful results in the desired format for the user.
21. What is the function of the CPU?
The CPU processes information received from the keyboard and gives the output to the
monitor or the printer. CPU can also solve mathematical and logical problems.
There are 3 main parts of the CPU:
● Control unit: It receives inputs from the user and controls different parts to do the
operations required.
● Arithmetic & logic unit: It performs all the mathematical and logical calculations.
● Memory unit: It is where data is stored temporarily as well as permanently.
Input and output
22. What are called peripherals?
Input and output devices are also called ‘peripherals’. These are plugged into the
computer using connection ports.
23. List out input and output devices.
Input devices - An input device is used to enter information into the computer.
Eg:
● Keyboard - used to enter letters, numbers and control functions.
● Microphone - is connected to the computer to record sound.
 ● Web camera - a device used to record videos.
● Scanner - copies physical documents and stores them in a computer in digital
(computer-readable) format.
● barcode reader or barcode scanner - used for recording the items purchased in order
to create the receipt/bill.
● Mouse: pointing device
Output devices - Output devices bring information from the computer to the user.
Eg:
● Monitor - displays the output information.
● Printer - gives us the hard copy
● Speakers - produces sound output
● Projector - used to project images or video from a computer onto a screen.
24. Explain the types of memory storage devices.

25. Explain Motherboard.

Motherboard, also referred to as a system board, is the main circuit board inside a
computer. It connects input, processing and output devices.
26. List out some permanent storage devices.
USB flash drive, hard disk, CD, DVD, Floppy disc etc.
27. What are the units of memory?
● Bit (Binary Digit, represented by 0 or 1) is the smallest storage unit.
● 8 bits make a byte
● 1024 bytes make a kilobyte (KB).
● 1024 KB make 1 megabyte (MB)
● 1024 megabyte make 1 gigabyte (GB)
 ● 1024 gigabyte make 1 terabyte (TB)
28. What are ports?
The slots or channels into which we connect the mouse/keyboard/external hard disk
wires are called ports. Ports help us connect input, output and storage devices in a
computer system.
● Universal serial bus or the USB port connects peripheral devices to a computer
using the cable.
● Display port connects the monitor, or any display unit, to the computer using the
cable. Eg: Video Graphics Array (VGA) and High Definition Multimedia Interface
(HDMI)
● Audio ports help to connect microphone, speakers, and headphones to a computer
system. Often, the speaker and headphone port is called the line out port, i.e., it is
meant for sound output.
● Ethernet port is used for connecting the system to high speed Internet cable.
● Power port is used for connecting the computer system to the power supply.
29. There is a talent contest in your town. For participating in the audition, you
have to send a recording of a song. What would you connect to your computer to
record your song?
(a) Keyboard (b) Microphone (c) Scanner (d) Mouse
30. What is the difference between hardware and software?
Hardware refers to the physical and visible components of the system such as a monitor,
CPU, keyboard and mouse. Software, on the other hand, refers to a set of instructions
which enable the hardware to perform a specific set of tasks.
31. What is an operating system? Give examples.
An operating system (OS) is the software that manages all the hardware and software
on a computer or mobile device. It acts as a bridge between the user and the computer’s
hardware, allowing you to run applications, manage files, and interact with the device.
For Mobile Phones: Android, iOS, Blackberry OS etc
For Laptops and Desktops: Windows, macOS, Linux, Ubuntu etc
32. Which are the different keys on a keyboard?
Function keys, control keys, enter key, punctuation keys, navigation keys, command
keys, windows key etc.
33. Name the different mouse operations.
Roll over/hover, point and click, drag and drop, double click
34. Which of the following functions are performed using a mouse. Choose and
tick all the correct options.
(a) Turn on computer (b) Typing (c) Right click (d) Drag and Drop
35. What is the term used when you press and hold the left mouse key and move
the mouse around?
(a) Highlighting (b) Dragging (c) Selecting (d) Moving
36. Rearrange the steps for starting a computer in the correct sequence.
(a) Desktop appears after login ( 5 )
(b) Login screen appears ( 4 )
(c) Power on Self-Test (POST) starts ( 1 )
(d) Operating system starts ( 2 )
(e) Welcome screen appears ( 3 )
37. What is the difference between files and folders?
All information stored in a computer is kept in files. Each file is given a file name and
has a file name extension that identifies the file type. There are various file types
like .txt, .doc, .xls, etc. An image file usually has an extension .jpg, while a sound file
usually has .mp3.
A folder is a location where a group of files can be stored.
38. What is the shortcut for the following:
● CTRL+z - undo
● CTRL+y - redo
● CTRL+a - select all
● CTRL+x - cut
● CTRL+c - copy
● CTRL+v - paste
● CTRL+p - print
● CTRL+s - save
39. Which of the following is a valid file extension for a Notepad file? Tick mark
the correct answer.
(a) .jpg (b) .doc (c) .text (d) .txt
40. What is the difference between the Internet and WWW?
The Internet is a network that connects millions of computers and devices all around the
world, thereby allowing them to communicate with each other.
The World Wide Web (WWW) is a part of the Internet where you can access websites and
web pages.

41. List out the uses of the Internet.

42. What do you need to connect to the Internet?
(a) A device, such as a computer, laptop or mobile.
(b) A connection device, i.e., a modem.
43. What is an ISP? Give examples.
An Internet Service Provider (ISP) is the telephone company which provides the
Internet connectivity using the phone lines or a wireless network.
Eg: Vodafone, Airtel, Reliance Jio etc
44. Explain the two types of connections.
(a) Wired connections: When our computer is connected to the Internet using a wire, it
is called a wired connection. We use Ethernet cables (cables used for connecting to the
Internet) to connect to the modem which connects to the ISP using a phone line.
(b) Wireless connection: You can also connect your computer to the Internet using
wireless technology. Laptops need a wireless Internet card to connect to a modem with
using any cables.
45. What is bandwidth?
Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be transmitted over a network in a certain
 amount of time.
46. What is a browser? Give examples.
An Internet Browser is an application or a software program on your computer or laptop
which helps you visit the various websites.
Some examples of browsers are Google Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer,
Safari, Opera etc
47. To connect to the Internet, the computer has to be connected to the
____________.
(a) Internet Society (b) Internet Architecture
(c) Internet Service Provider (d) Large Area Network
48. Explain WWW and its components.
The World Wide Web (WWW) or simply the Web is a huge collection of information.
It is a vast network of linked hypertext files, stored on computers throughout the world,
that can provide a computer user with information on a huge variety of subjects.
It is made up of:
• A web page - A web page is a document present on a computer that is connected to
the Internet.
• A web browser
• A system to transfer information between the web browser and the web pages
49. Mention the important parts of a web browser?
● Address Bar
● Tabbed browsing
● Back & Forward buttons
● Refresh button
50. List the steps to search for information using a web browser.
● Type http://google.com (or any other search engine’s URL) in the address bar
● Type the search keyword in the Google search bar
● Press Enter
● Scroll the screen and click on the link for the page you want to see.
51. What is email?
Email or electronic mail is a message sent over the Internet from one person to another
or to multiple people at once. We need an email address to send and receive mails. It is
unique for everyone.
Eg: Eg: [email protected]
An e-mail address is made up of two parts separated by the @ symbol. The part before
the @ symbol is created by the user and is usually the name of the person. The part after
the ‘@’ symbol is the domain name of e-mail service provider, i.e., the company that
provides the e-mail service.
For example, Gmail by Google, Outlook.com by Microsoft and yahoo.co.in by Yahoo!
52. How does the e-mail work?
Files containing videos, documents, spreadsheets, etc., can be sent along with the e-mail
as attachments. E-mail is fast and easy to use and it can be sent to multiple people at the
same time.
53. What are the advantages of email?
● E-mails can be sent to multiple users along with the attachments.
● They are fast as they reach anyone around the world immediately
● It is free as most services do not charge money
● It is environment friendly, as no paper is used.
54. ‘Pictures, videos, audio files, and spreadsheet files cannot be attached with an
e-mail’. State whether the statement is true or false.
FALSE

55. What are the steps to create an email account?

56. What are the steps to write an email?

57. What is an attachment in email?

An attachment is a type of file such as a photo or document that you can send along
 with your e-mail. To add an attachment you need to click on the Attach Button and
choose the file to attach. The Attach button in e-mail often has a paperclip as its
symbol.
58. Name the different folders in email?
• The Inbox holds e-mails that people have sent to you
• The Sent folder holds e-mails that you have sent to people
• The Drafts folder holds all the e-mail you have started writing, but not yet sent
• The Junk/Spam folder holds e-mails that may not be useful
• The Trash folder holds e-mails that you no longer need and have deleted.
59. ‘By choosing the “Reply” option, the e-mail address of the sender of the
original message will appear in the “To” field’. State whether the statement is
True or False.
TRUE

—----------------------