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ASSINGMENT3

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9 views5 pages

ASSINGMENT3

Uploaded by

aditya04saini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SCHOOL OF DATA SCIENCE AND FORECASTING

DEVI AHILYA VISHWAVIDHALYA

SAMPLING THEORY
ASSIGNMENT
MTECH(AI&DS)- V SEMSTER
ROLL NO : DS6A-2203

SUMBITTED TO- AVINASH NAVLANI


SUBMITTED BY- ADITYA SAINI
Overview

The paper "Vehicle routing-scheduling for waste collection in Hanoi" by D. V. Tung and A.
Pinnoi, published in the European Journal of Operational Research in 2000, explores the
optimization of waste collection routes and schedules to improve operational efficiency in
Hanoi, Vietnam. Given the rapid urbanization and population growth in Hanoi during that
period, waste management systems faced increased pressures, including rising waste
volumes and the need for more effective resource management.

Problem Context

Hanoi’s waste collection system in the late 1990s was characterized by inefficiencies, largely
due to the lack of an optimized routing and scheduling strategy. The growing urban
population and increased waste generation exacerbated the challenges faced by the city's
waste management infrastructure. The paper aims to address these challenges by applying
advanced operational research techniques to develop an optimized waste collection system.

Model Formulation

1. Objective: The primary objective of the study is to minimize the total cost of waste
collection operations, which includes factors such as travel distances, vehicle operating
costs, and labor costs. By optimizing the routing and scheduling of waste collection vehicles,
the paper seeks to enhance overall operational efficiency.

2. Problem Definition: The waste collection problem is framed as a variant of the Vehicle
Routing Problem (VRP), specifically adapted for the context of waste collection. This
involves determining the most efficient routes for a fleet of vehicles to cover all waste
collection points within a city while adhering to various constraints.

3. Constraints: The model includes several key constraints:

● Vehicle Capacity Constraints: Each vehicle has a maximum capacity for waste,
which must be carefully managed to avoid overloading.
● Time Windows: Collection points have designated time windows during which waste
must be collected to avoid disruptions and maintain service quality.
● Route Constraints: Routes must be optimized to ensure that all collection points are
covered efficiently, minimizing total travel distance and avoiding unnecessary
overlaps or backtracking.

Solution Methodology

1. Heuristic Approaches: Due to the complexity of the problem and the large number of
variables involved, the paper employs heuristic methods to find near-optimal solutions.
These methods include:

● Greedy Algorithms: These algorithms build solutions incrementally by making


locally optimal choices at each step.
● Tabu Search: A metaheuristic that explores the solution space by iteratively moving
to neighboring solutions while avoiding previously visited ones to escape local
optima.

2. Exact Algorithms: For smaller instances of the problem, the authors use exact
algorithms to find optimal solutions. These algorithms are based on combinatorial
optimization techniques and include methods like Integer Linear Programming (ILP).

3. Hybrid Approaches: The paper also explores hybrid approaches that combine heuristic
and exact methods to balance computational efficiency and solution quality. This approach
helps in managing larger instances of the problem where exact methods alone would be
impractical.

Results and Analysis

1. Efficiency Improvements: The optimization models demonstrate substantial


improvements in the efficiency of waste collection operations. By applying the proposed
routing and scheduling strategies, the study achieves reductions in total travel distance and
time, leading to lower operational costs.

2. Cost Savings: The optimized routes and schedules result in significant cost savings.
These savings stem from reduced fuel consumption, lower vehicle wear and tear, and more
efficient use of labor resources.

3. Environmental Impact: The reduction in travel distances and fuel consumption


contributes to a decrease in vehicle emissions, thereby minimizing the environmental impact
of waste collection operations. This is particularly relevant for urban areas where air quality
and sustainability are growing concerns.

Practical Implications

The findings of the study have practical implications for waste management authorities and
companies. By implementing the proposed optimization techniques, municipal authorities in
Hanoi, and similar cities, can improve the efficiency of their waste collection systems. This
can lead to better service levels, reduced operational costs, and a positive environmental
impact.

1. Policy Recommendations: The study suggests that city planners and waste
management authorities adopt advanced optimization methods to address the challenges of
growing urban waste volumes. This includes investing in computational tools and training for
personnel to effectively implement these techniques.

2. Adaptation to Other Cities: While the study focuses on Hanoi, the techniques and
models developed are applicable to other cities facing similar waste management
challenges. The paper provides a framework that can be adapted to various urban settings
with different constraints and requirements.

Conclusion
In conclusion, Tung and Pinnoi’s paper offers a comprehensive approach to optimizing
waste collection in Hanoi by applying advanced vehicle routing and scheduling techniques.
The study highlights the benefits of using heuristic and exact algorithms to address
real-world challenges in waste management. By improving operational efficiency, reducing
costs, and minimizing environmental impact, the research provides valuable insights for
enhancing urban waste management systems. The paper emphasizes the importance of
operational research in addressing practical problems and offers a model that can be
adapted to other cities with similar waste collection issues.

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