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Reg. No. :

Question Paper Code : 40492

B.E./B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATIONS, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2021.

Fifth Semester

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Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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EE 8501 – POWER SYSTEM ANALYSIS

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(Regulations 2017)

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Time : Three hours Maximum : 100 marks
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Answer ALL questions.
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PART A — (10 × 2 = 20 marks)
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1. How the base values are chosen in per unit representation of a power system?

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2. Define bus admittance matrix.
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3. What is a bus?
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4. What is P-Q bus in power flow analysis?

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5. What are the reactances used in the analysis of symmetrical faults on the
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synchronous machines as its equivalent reactance?

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6. What is the need for short circuit analysis?

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7. Name any two methods of reducing short circuit current.

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8. What are unsymmetrical faults?

9. Define power angle.

10. What is the use of swing curve?

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PART B — (5 × 13 = 65 marks)

11. (a) Obtain the per unit impedance (reactance) diagram of the power system
shown in Figure 11(a).

Generator No. 1 : 30 MVA, 10.5 kV, X” = 1.6 Ohm

Generator No. 2 : 15 MVA, 6.6 kV, X” = 1.2 Ohm

Generator No.3 : 25 MVA, 6.6 kV, X” = 0.56 Ohm

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Transformer T1 (3phase) : 15 MVA, 33/11 kV, X = 15.2 Ohm per

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phase on HT side

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Transformer T2 (3phase) : 15 MVA. 33/6.2 kV, X = 16 Ohm per

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phase on HT side

Transmission line
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: 20.5 Ohm/phase
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Load A : 15MW, 11kV, 0.9 p.f. lagging

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Load B : 40 MW, 6.6 kV. 0.85 lagging p.f.

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(b) The parameters of a four system are as under:

Line Line Starting Line Ending Line Impedence Line Charging Admittance
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No. No. No. (pu) (pu)

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1 1 2 0.2 + j0.8 j0.02

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2 2 3 0.3 + j0.9 j0.03

3 2 4 0.25 + j1.0 j0.04

4 3 4 0.2 + j0.8 j0.02

5 1 3 0.1 + j0.4 j0.01

Draw the network and find bus admittance matrix.

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12. (a) Derive the load flow algorithm using Newton Rapson method with flow
chart and discuss the advantages of the method.

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(b) In the power system network shown in Figure 12 (b), bus 1 is slack bus
with V1= 1.0+j0.0 per unit and bus 2 is a load bus with
S2 = 280MW+j60MVAR. The line impedance on a base of 100MVA is
Z = 0.02+j0.04 per unit. Using Gauss — Seidal method, give V2. Use an
initial estimate of V2(10 ) = 1.0+j0.0 and perform four iterations. Also find

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S1 and the real, reactive power loss in the line, assuming that the bus
voltages have converged.

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13. (a) Explain the step by step procedure for systematic fault analysis using
bus impedance matrix.
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(b) Two synchronous machines are connected through three phase

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transformers to the transmission line shown in Figure 13 (b) the ratings

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and reactance of the machines and transformers are

Machine 1 and 2: 100 MVA, 20kV; Xd” = X1 = X2 = 20%, X0 = 4%, Xn = 5%

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Transformers T1 and T2 = 100 MVA, 20 Δ /345Y kV; X = 8%.

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On a chosen base of 100 MVA, 345 kV in the transmission line circuit the
line reactances are X1 = X2 = 15% and X0 = 50%. Draw each of the three
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sequence networks and find the zero sequence bus impedance matrixes
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by means of Z bus building algorithm.

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14. (a) Examine the sequence network for a double line to ground (LLG) fault.

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(b) The one-line diagram of a power system is shown below in Figure 14 (b).

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The following are the p.u. reactances of different elements on a common

base
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Generator 1 X g 0 = 0.075; Xn = 0.075; X1 =X2= 0.25

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Generator 2: X g 0 =0.15; Xn = 0.15; X1 = X2 = 0.2

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Generator 3: X g 0 = 0.072; X1 = X2 = 0.15

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Transformer 1: X0 = X1 = X2 = 0.12
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Transformer 2: X0 = X1 = X2 = 0.24
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Transformer 3: X0=X1 = X2 = 0.1276

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Transmission line 2—3 X0 = 0.5671; X1 = X2 = 0.18

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Transmission line 3—5 Xo = 0.4764; X1 = X2 = 0.12

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Prepare the three sequence networks and determine reactances Zbus0,

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Zbus1 and Zbus2.

15. (a) Describe the equal area criterion for transient stability analysis of a

system.

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4 40492

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(b) (i) A 2pole, 50 Hz, 11kv turbo alternator has a ratio of 100 MW, power
factor 0.85 lagging. The rotor has a moment of inertia of
10,000 kgm2. Calculate H and M.
(ii) A three phase fault is applied at the point P as shown in Figure
15(b) (ii) below. Find the critical clearing angle for clearing the fault
with simultaneous opening of the breakers 1 and 2. The reactance
values of various components are indicated in the diagram. The
generator is delivering 1.0 p.u. power at the instant preceding the
fault.

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PART C — (1 × 15 = 15 marks)
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16. (a)
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Figure 16 (a) shows the one line diagram of a simple three bus power
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system with generation at buses at 1 and 2 The voltage at bus 1 is

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V=1+j0.0 V per unit. Voltage magnitude at bus 2 is fixed at 1.05 pu. with
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a real power generation of 400 MW. A Load consisting of 500MW and 400
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MVAR base. For the purpose of hand calculation, line resistance and line
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charging susceptances are neglected.

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Using Newton-Raphson method, start with the initial estimates of

V20 = 1.05 + j0.0 and V30 = 1.05 + j0.0 , and keeping V2 = 1.05 pu., examine
the phasor values V2 and V3 Perform two iterations.

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5 40492

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(b) In the power system shown in figure 16(b) phase fault occurs at point P
and the faulty line was opened a little late. Find the power output
equations for the pre-fault during fault and post fault calculation. values
are marked in p.v. reactances.

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Figure 16(b)

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6 40492

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