Page No.

Date.

Grom Transpovt laer

Tarnsport tayer

Data Data Packet

packet

Nietroh o3Netuor
tayer
Laye

To ata Leo om Data Lek

layer Layer

Joynrt
rgy999
4Tonspot Lagr
A Lofseal address at nebook Laer facleteA
he transmss?on datao ren lduneo
desttato0 devsceb Butthebouce
Brat and
deittnateo both may beavn6 mutiple
pyoces Commncatino n voth ach the.
ence qt
ot s anotant to dlelvey the data
ot ony the Sende to heclerer bu
om he LCore! proceM Oo the
bo the Corret Sendes
e On theeciere
[he' ranipot ba tater Care Proce
to DYocei delvery
ata and that
Surel 4hat ey

At the Cender de reieves the transport

Layer rece vel data 4he
vem Sesie0
aer dvtder
divt der nto nts
ent Calle Se&ments
 Page No.
Date.

and Sende ot to the oetoh

tay e Layer. t the
Aobend the trenipert Laye recoeve
Dacket romthe oetodh Laer overt
earanbe oto
Prope Sequehce of
Packk
ebonent GadBendt to VAhe ebsen

letuoort lo ensu Dro cesotoprocer delvery the

Layer transport layer maket ie Port ead
address to dotP the data Dcn8ending
and ecievtoe process portadeis 9s the
nare Oy dabel 6vento thepoocerL

sudoHTT P ules port Qddres Ro

The transp ovt or

laer Teponá ble

Seqment atien eas sem b lu of the

meisages eoto Sebment bhtch beaY
oumbe hes Loumbenb enabler the
Sequence
mectevkng tranpot layer to rieaon,e the
Seb menH dorde
nBeistoo Laye aso) o9d To &e sston Layer.
der

Ocer
al

Data Daa Data

Data Data Dota

ta

Seqmenti
ents
laydr
From lebuoork layer
 To trans pevt layeY: From
Iranaport lnapr

6. Preent atton
aeue ototon sa Communali
devscer may be having ditterent latforn lbe
preientatióo laye perfomttranlatnon
lencreptior and Campav1t o0 odatar
reaegtatton Layer at the Sadiog 3ideTecteve the

data rem,the "appicateo Laye adde header, shtch

Cortain enoatoorelated toenenypt:o0 and
Campore4o9 4 londe it to the Seson layer.
At 4he ecetoo de the recentatroo Laes
eCieven data rom
Prrn the &euton layer decamprie
deertp
back' Cu
the dbta Tegured
the encodinq Scheme
4 tanlate!
at the
uied

3lhe Bendkng
ndína recteytg detee my tuo On
dierenl pat
Syskem
 Date.

ence t aSmpotant that they

me
nertage bat are Communtcatio

Posure Fatter daka raneler Ihe

Compre1KTen -

Compesed data Berder d to be decompreised oL

a

4hel eCgevg end both perpoed b the

resentation Layer.

encyat he transtertng the Orgina

Drocer tran
nessage
meltag changei te eannq before Bending
a to be p'eom
the reme pocen decnypton
ot the ecertg end to ecoVer, he ningal mea
rom the enCrypled

he main neiponsthaata pretentatioo

ranlattom oDresdo
lCampireie

rom applieattoo layer

ata

Frem Sessfen Cayer

 Page No.

Date.

Arpl:catson layer

Theiopplicart bo Layer enabler the Uer to Com

Laye muntcabe
t data toto the
the etever by provtdig Cértain Berrece

X5oo 9 directory Uie to rovtde trnormatton E,

to deitbated
ob;ecre

3X hoo 9 Bevice tthat Drevedei bast Por case

Maid storae Peomsadin.

4 FTAMle tbrane Aeteit nanagemen!) Provederace

to PaLesgtored On memote Computen t m echnantim fo
ranper4manaqe then Looally

5. lhe Nain reiponsbrlty gapplicat bo to pevide

accew to netodyb elodce

X506 FTAM X500 FTAM

Data Data Merge

Atplrcaton Apphcaken
Layer
To prenentaten layer Gom prekentakoo layer
 Date.

Ter Ip Model:
ARer an Llnderitand f
the Conce
layeed tak and then Underetandog O

mod.
model eotodcethe Tepp
Tep - raner Control Protocol:
Tp -Ttenet Protocol

1hee model CuwYently tied TepP model os

o Collyctioo of proto Cols lCalla protocol euite
en a Weh reach Varety rong
protocou
whch Can chooie om

heerarcha cal model that there art

nultsple Layer e Lg hter Layey proto coL
Louo
ted by protocolu.

Orgnalay ha ar ayer boto m to top:

a-tfo! to'netor layer
bNedrh layer
craniort laer
Aplabalte

Caton

NetontTe
tot to netov

kayern Tce 1p Peerenee Model.

 TCP-Tran er Cootro L

Dotenet Protoco Page No.

Date.

l0sT moe

T Applicatias.

Presentod FTP TEENET HTTP Drs SMTP

Seasioo

ScTP Tran povt

Tontpot

ttetat
Netoorth

RARP

Host to

tnttgg Nebsot
Dataliok
Netwot
frotorot

TeP|IP
Model
ayen
 e calee
rotoCol
Page No.

o Date.
Collectten

.the
1he 8tructure
8tructure
TeP DP
0ST
mpdel
reeence
Very
model
aberethe TcP|Tr n
mod,
del
model ar &eed Layer

a Pou layer

madel Corei
TeP TP
lhe
appltcaton laes of
|Prelentaib
to Pscabs05
the lau
model
Cateon loyer

B lbe ayer
transport Tep |2P model Correpord
OS1 n del
rto the traoport layt

4 Ihe oetroort la4ex o TcrP ndel Correponda

Ho the oeboonB lapr a 0SD model.

lbe
hot to oetoorh lauey of TeP1P model
Corre po nd to
to the phyettal
the data Leoh layer f
DST odel.

The above deagra the CamparLo

model Tcpp model aLond ot th thepoto l
ehoon o the qure

funtion the
layers

HoLt to Netoort laer

a Combnatio d prokocal
data Lnb Layer.
Stadard protocol Uaed at there

Netoovk l'ayy Ov Tp
Auo Called oter oetob
 Cpand ARP, PARP, TcMP, T6Mp Page No.
Tep, uop, serp Date.

94 hold the îp:proto col ohn ch ei a netort

Lar to
Layer
tor eouncer to
Yeponusble
desto atio Jransm4ssto odata
model
he Totevnet noomhtog protocol 3P
e SabletrototoL
0YEApond
tatibn
C4 9Labet detveyervgcer that s ther ti
8erds he
Oo eYoY checkn
data E realie
to qet data transmstHtedto thei detsnatir

Saneddpacke
ata
data by
Be e.packet
b
TP tYanporte
Or clota ram oSame
heDther be4niotrd Can
R6 clependent
Youte t Can
del acress' ppeven
brder at

RARP - Peerve ddreik elutten ProtocoL i

devece

oroto tole
ARP - ddres Qeloutton protocolL
4

he phystcal addreul oa
Dtu ed to evolve
addet
devsce Oo a netovhohere

btt addre that

48
protocol
11
Physal oddreus NTe Or LAN Cavd Loqtca
blL ropoted On the dreu O Comahonly
4he oternet
addes Ulied
hat toLiniquely
au îP addrest a devcei
4 Unverlally
netok
 Page No.

Date.

RARP - Revene Addreie QetolutonrotoCol,: 4TcF

On the
ied by a devsce oetrovh to

te ateoet addeit
ohen
o
t noon t
T
addrest
phystcal
be

TeMp -atenet Coatrol betabe robogol: d

mechanerm to tntorm
Brnalrog th
Sende abaat data that Ocin
trant mpoblerm

SS ued by
by
atemedate devtce

SuCae by foteroo date devce Lake a qatesa

Couslen ay Droblemi Lake a Corut atagra
9ma lie DeMp to Rend a mertag to the
Sendey the t
dotagam

4GMP mech
temet
aanRim qrobe Protocol

he Same to send
recapreti

Cran port
3D
nnert
meponse ble tor Layerpott
tanseoo data
Ler

One achoe to
roce theCoret
ng
runong Oh anothey mache0e

Ihetranportlayer Contain three proto Col

* SCTP
 Page No.

Date.

ATcP:1rancmsstoruC ontrolProtocol

a reliableCoonecto Orsente

relab le prototol a Connect?on Q erbablrshed

betuoeenhe Sender recrever bePore th
data Can be tancmte.
he At dader the data
Layer eoto Segment
at ecaael
& tags
Droon
a
the
Beg uence
Uuppe
owmber to each
ot theeeeinq end or recovding data

2.UDP - Uuer Datagram Protocot

9 aa 2mple proto col ied or proce

transmsStDn
to procek slosatro
Uoeltable Connectton,Dretocol
For appls cabten that do net meqe fo
Cootrol Ôr eyror ControL:

Cheke um
addreie
addy part
to the data t ecevel
Leng th "oternatio

Control 1rancmnession Protocol

3.STp - Stream

relatey na
new aded to
1.8eTP 5s a protocol
proto col Sale.
the transport laqer of 1ct| TP
 Page No.

Date.

& bDP)
Lake Voice Ovey
Sotenet & ha much

applicationei

D Appl Caten Layer i

The atplicatroo kayer 95a Combnaten
A
Seusion Cation hayerr o Osi
prelentatfolo
modelland dere
td cols (*ke
sanserFre
Ale MailsT) Electbronie
Virtual (TELNeT )
Termina ere Domain
Serce (DNS)etc
A dêrenzgnq TerTP:

Phgsical Address
hyat Addyes the osert leel addrelng
aldoo teok address.tdrb

5s bcal to the netuoork to Lohich the dece

?5 Cennecte nde
he pyst cal addreits lsuaty nclcl eo tn the
frameA
il%
Pyamt uued at the olata link layer
6
MAC 5 a dphysi cal addres that ts 6 byte
C48 bit and Onthe
netooh Dotefate Cte
Cand (nhe of the dere
 Page No.
Date.

The &tze of phytca) address

Do the ype hetwork. ciAnmay Ethenet
chonge dapending
neto
esel NAc addrus
byte

Addyes
Lostoal
Loct cal Addrese aue ue Uo?versal
ommun Cati so

Most ce the time the daka has to through

ferent netvovks Ss0ce plujgtcal addvesse ae
Loal to the netuovk theie esa posssbalaty that
may be dp li cated across muttiplea netoort
alto the ye f
phqst cal addvei beurg Wicd may
Changew type of netusorh ed Couálend
fot Er ta E thesnef to ot re lens to Piber

Cptit. tente plystca addelsei are oadguate

Por Souree to 'dlstnabon delsvey of data ih an
Poternetuooh eDV?rtDment.aoc

t:8ogt cal Addveis 9s also Called as Tp Address

(Cteuneb protocol addeis

dertle 9.e Computevt

At the nehoonk layer dertue
boler deoied lng veysalef
by
by the

TP addeiset ae Univeally hge

two Versons
Currently there are

Pvg ;sed:

32
32 nodes
bzt addreis, Capable Suppotg
 Page No.
Date.

b) 26: leg bit addes,Capable

noder
Kuppotg 2
4
Prt Addyeis
the transmssion
f data
souYce
rom
A

and
Loo: cal
Rource
the
addrei
to
fclitatel
detnateo0
dertioattoo
devsce
bott may be hav
But the .
multple pro Cesre! orn muni cat? n worth each other

Ex- Uten A &, b ae chattog oth each cther

G pogle exchangt ng erm
Dalk, U'ter B4c are
totail The DP addreie oill enable tranimtttsng
data yem A to B but &tllthe data beeduto be
deLsvered to the Covect prpteis lhe data m A
Cannot be gtveo to B 9n yahoo mellenq er Rince A

Talk:

tnce the eipon8ib:lity the Dp oddre

hre there need
a
dd elstng that helo dente
he
dato
SouYce
needi
an detenaton
to be deleredobt
proceulei.To bther oy
the Comrect
dev?ce but alio On the Correct proie
Coet derece.

Ex:
A

la
port
l6

TLNET
Addre
bit
91 the
addre

Uiet port
nae or

addveu
label
gen to a proce
4
3.Hirp
HTTp User povt
oddreil 80
 Page No.

,122 Port
Spepe Addmeu
Addrese
:
addren
Date.

tacelatabes the tranimcieo

data em
om pote i to but
oceit the
ll

o probtem may be
bth data 'delkveuy

fox Exi Conu% der Uuen A,34cchatteg otth each

Dthe Uinq qoogle lalk treuy Uier hay too oindow
ier'A ba tvoo Chat ndQeol
B hau too Chat
otndowt or A and o tn
o iey C. f4

Nlouo aa
addeutDort
oll enable delveny ef data trem
Uier A to the Correct teit (1o th bp aie Gcale
als). Oo uer 3 but noo there -e too oindoo
o
òhere
g0cgle Talk
the dat
foY uer A ec aalab le on B
Can be el

Aaio -he esponstbilty of the port add vent 1 Oey

het 4 there i la need atdreistnq that help
tdeoti the dfencnt nttonce o he &ame proteM:

3Such addee are Uuer fendey addreiset and ae

lalled Xpe?ic addreeA

Othe Etam ples

Malitple
Kocb brooter noork Cnder the Žame nroceu that i
bTTP bu Cone tdlentied Lutng (ntam
Localon(URL) Emaid 'oddvene:
 Page No,
Date,

Ihe
pes
Ter
o
2p potocol Kutted Snvole 4
ocal -AddyeL
3

4pectre Ad yeit

Applicattog Proteites
ay er

YauApoYt
Later Tep Port
ScTP
Addret

Netok Op othey

Adreu
protocol

Hott tD
Netoosk phytta
Faer

phydt cal