Questions & Answers

1. If a company is employing the fresh graduates as well as the professional experts, the management is said to be
enhancing ___________.
a. Stereotyping
b. Variety
c. Diversity
d. Uniformity

2. \'Human Relation Approach\' was emerged during:

a. 1930-40
b. 1940-50
c. 1950-60
d. 1960-70

3. While conducting job analysis the \'Observation Method\' is useful when:

a. Job requires more intellectual skills to complete
b. Job is repetitive in nature
c. Job is market oriented and requires more data
d. Job consists of physical activity like machine operations

4. The term “People” is one of the components of an organization which refers to:
a. Society
b. Customers
c. Human resource
d. General public

5. Which of the following is NOT included in job description?

a. Job title
b. Job authority
c. Job competency
d. Job status

6. Formal groups are formed by the __________.

a. Informal structure
b. Organizational structure
c. Friendly relationship
d. Common interest

7. The mental process to pay attention selectively to some stimuli and cues in our environment is known as:
a. Perception
b. Personality
c. Attitude
d. Ability

8. All of the following are advantages of using the critical incident method for appraising performance, EXCEPT:
a. Provides examples of good performance
b. The results are subjective
c. Provides examples of poor performance
d. Incidents can be tied to performance goals

9. Which of the following HR activity is the basic element of recruitment?

a. Attract the job applicants for the particular post
b. Select the best one among all applicants
c. Train the people as per organizational requirements
d. Fire the non-performing employees

10. To get more accurate information for job analysis, a questionnaire should include:
 a. Structured and rational questions
b. Open-ended and subjective questions
c. Job analysis objectives and open-ended questions
d. Structured and open-ended questions

11. The act of reorganizing a company for the purpose of making it more efficient and therefore more profitable is
known as:
a. Redesigning
b. Restructuring
c. Designing
d. Reengineering

12. Job evaluation is conducted to develop:

a. Compensation packages
b. Training modules
c. Organizational grapevine
d. Rules & policies

13. Leadership will mostly be considered failed if:

a. Leaders are appointed by top management
b. Leader established high goals to be achieved
c. Leader also plays the role of a manager in an organization
d. Followers stop sharing their issues with a leader

14. Usually it is observed that after becoming the team’s captain the player’s own performance declines. What
could be the reason behind it?
a. Unable to handle extra pressure
b. Absence of task related knowledge
c. Lack of high energy level
d. Imposed on a team by management

15. ‘Unilever’ comes under which of the following categories while conducting its business globally?
a. Domestic
b. Nternational
c. Multinational
d. Transnational

16. Which group of employees may also be known as expatriate?

a. Parent-country nationals
b. Host-country nationals
c. Third-country nationals
d. Local-country nationals

17. __________________ are citizens of the country in which the multinational company has its headquarters.
a. Expatriates
b. Third-country nationals
c. Home-country nationals
d. Host-country nationals

18. Neither an organization nor any organizational member can provide the employee database information to any
person/organization without the permission of the concerned employee. This restriction is supported by:
a. Employment at will
b. Discrimination law
c. Rights to privacy
d. Labor law

19. Communication in which information flows from the top of the organizational management hierarchy to the
employees telling them what is the mission and what are the policies of the organization is known as:
a. Diagonal communication
b. Horizontal communication
 c. Upward communication
d. Downward communication

20. All of the following would be considered as sources of conflicts, EXCEPT:

a. Goal incompatibility
b. Different values and beliefs
c. Lack of resources and finances
d. Strengthened team dynamics

21. The labor union of \'SAGA Trading Pvt Ltd\' is demanding company to buy resources from their settled place.
Company didn’t bother about raising such issue by the union, as the issue comes under:
a. Labor issues
b. Mandatory issues
c. Permissive issues
d. Prohibited issues

22. According to which of the following view, \"conflict should be encouraged and managed\"?
a. Traditional View
b. Human Relations View
c. Interactionist View
d. Behavioral view

23. If being a manager you have the power to dismiss, suspend or demote your subordinates, you are said to have
which of the following power?
a. Charismatic power
b. Referent power
c. Coercive power
d. Legitimate power

24. For which of the following reason, organizations consider employee benefits important?
a. To attract new blood in the organizations
b. To retain the valuable employees
c. To create good reputation in the market
d. All of the given options

25. Which of the following is NOT included in direct financial payments?

a. Wages
b. Insurance
c. Commissions
d. Incentive

26. When an employee’s performance is so poor that a written warning is required, that warning should:
a. Identify the standards by which the employee is judged
b. Contain examples of employees who met the standards
c. Provide previous examples when employee met the standards
d. Be sent to the employee in question and to the superior manager

27. If a supervisor wants to criticize his subordinate in an appraisal interview, it is best to:
a. Hold meeting with other people to diffuse the negative situation
b. Provide examples of critical incidents by that employee
c. Acknowledge personal biases with the employee
d. Scold the employee on excuses for poor performance

28. Shehzad planed to retire from his company because he would get a better package after 30 years of service.
However, according to him without a job it would be difficult for him to spend time so he may consider other
options. What do you suggest for him?
a. Explanation of social security benefits
b. Pursue career outside the company
c. Counseling to utilize leisure time
d. All of the given options
29. Which of the following is a part of organization’s role in the career development of an employee?
a. Communicating the mission, policies and procedures
b. Providing timely performance feedback
c. Participating in career development discussions
d. Seeking out career information

30. Which of the following term is used to represent the shift in job position without any change in salary or grade?
a. Promotion
b. Transfer
c. Demotion
d. Resignation

31. Employee commitment had suffered a lot in recent years due to which of the following reasons?
a. Structural downsizing
b. Skill inadequacy
c. Rational appraisals
d. Organizational expansion

32. Which of the following measures are taken to assess the intensity of employees’ satisfaction and their attitude
toward the training program?
a. Continuous feedback
b. Profitability rate
c. Market share
d. Productivity levels

33. Which of the following is the greatest contributor towards the success of an organization?
a. Prevailed grapevine network of employees
b. Conduct frequent trainings to employees
c. Set goals to define the direction to pursue
d. Implementation of the newest technology
34. Which of the following test is used to measure a candidate\'s knowledge regarding job duties he/she is supposed
to perform in a particular job position?
a. Work knowledge test
b. Trade knowledge test
c. Job knowledge test
d. Position knowledge test

35. The extent to which an employment selection test provides consistent results is known as:
a. Reliability
b. Dependability
c. Consistency
d. Trustworthiness

36. Which of the following term is used as the indicator of missing information by the applicant while making
selection decision?
a. Red flag
b. Red alert
c. High alert
d. Alarming situation

37. Organizations started focusing on quality, productivity and efficiency during:

a. Mechanistic period
b. Legalistic period
c. Organistic period
d. Strategic period

38. Which of the following aspect should be considered during task analysis, before conducting the training in an
organization?
 a. Individuals who require training
b. Shortcomings in existing technology
c. Ineffective feedback system of organization
d. Areas where training is required

39. \'Due to lack of knowledge among employees, they are unable to operate the computerized MIS\', which of the
following addresses this problem?
a. Provision of new computers
b. Conduct relevant training
c. Supply input devices
d. Supply output devices

40. The process by which people acquire skills & abilities required to perform jobs at hand, is known as:
a. Learning
b. Training
c. Development
d. Need analysis

41. According to which of the following interview type, several applicants are being interviewed by one or more
company representatives?
a. One-to-one interview
b. Panel interview
c. Group interview
d. Stress interview

42. Which of the following represents the basic goal of the recruitment?
a. Communicate job opening positions clearly
b. Attract maximum number of applicants
c. Self select out the candidates to save time and money
d. Attract the qualified candidates & not the unqualified ones

43. Rating a person high or low on all items because of one characteristic during performance appraisal, is known
as:
a. Halo effect
b. Central tendency
c. Stereotyping
d. Biasness

44. Management by objectives (MBO) refers to an appraisal method, which:

a. Evaluates progress made toward the accomplishment of measurable goals
b. Assigning scale points with specific examples of good or poor performance
c. A log of positive and negative examples of a subordinate’s work-related behaviour
d. Assigning predetermined percentages for different performance categories

45. If a performance appraisal focuses on an employee’s quality and quantity of wok, then the performance
appraisal is focused on measuring _____.
a. Generic dimensions of performance
b. Performance of actual duties
c. Employee competency
d. Achievement of objectives

46. Which of the following is NOT one of the guidelines for effective goal setting?
a. Allocate specific goals
b. Set challenging but achievable goals
c. Assign consequences for performance
d. Encourage employee participation

47. All of the following could be the reasons of an employee stress, EXCEPT:
a. Supervisor’s rude attitude
 b. No recognition of efforts
c. Job insecurity and safety
d. Missing out the thanking notes

48. Which one of the following is NOT the characteristic of a Virtual Team?
a. Lack of nonverbal signals
b. Limited social contact
c. Increased social relationship
d. Ability to overcome time and space constraints

49. Jobs are identified & grouped during which of the following managerial function?
a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Leading
d. Controlling

50. HRIS provides information that supports organizations in:

a. Designing compensation packages
b. Launching new equipments
c. Forecasting financial budgets
d. Anticipating customers’ trend

51. \'Job description\' provides which of the following information?

a. Working conditions prevailing in an organization
b. Set of KSA required to perform a job
c. Level of experience mandatory for a particular job
d. Individual’s general attitude that affects the job performance
52. Organizational Behavior is a study of investigating the impact of:
a. Employees\' behavior in an organization
b. Societal behavior on an organization
c. Country\'s culture on an organization
d. Country\'s economy on an organization

53. Which of the following term is used to identify, \"what the job holder does\"? \"how it is done\"? & \"why it is
done\"?
a. Job specification
b. Job evaluation
c. Job description
d. Job title

54. Which of the following term is used to identify the physical & mental skills, required to perform by an
individual within a particular position in an organization?
a. Job title
b. Job specification
c. Job description
d. Job evaluation

55. Jobs are compensated on the basis of:

a. Job analysis
b. Job specification
c. Job worth
d. Job description

56. ____________ is the main source of innovations.

a. Upgraded technology
b. Human mind
c. Competitors\' pressure
d. Research & Development
57. Which of the following HR function is the basic element of recruitment?
a. Attract the job applicants for the particular post
b. Select the best one among all applicants
c. Train the people as per organizational requirements
d. Fire the non-performing employees

58. A person is known by the company he/she keeps”; is well described by which of the term?
a. Prejudice
b. Stereotype
c. Introversion
d. Extroversion

59. Terms \"Interpersonal skills\" and \"Human skills\" are used for:
a. Two different skills
b. Different managerial skills
c. Operational skills
d. Same managerial skills

60. Which of the following abilities are categorized as the Technical skill of an individual?
a. Judgment & creativity
b. Analysis & communication
c. Knowledge & proficiency
d. Innovation & advancement

61. The intellectual & mechanical process used by an organization to transform inputs into outputs is termed as:
a. Task
b. People
c. Structure
d. Technology

62. Which one of the following is NOT the benefit of making teams?
a. Every member is mutually accountable within a team@@@
b. Teams enable organizations to better utilize employees\' talents
c. Teams create trust and a collaborative culture
d. Teams always perform better than individuals in all situations

63. Which of the following functions of HRM deals with \'Collective Bargaining\'?
a. Staffing
b. Forcasting
c. Employee-assistance management
d. Employee-relations management

64. \'There is no need to make any new appointment\'; therefore, the organization has transfered Mr. Azam to
another branch. This step of the organization is taken to:
a. Increase the labor supply than demand
b. Maintain the balance of labor supply and demand
c. Decrease the labor supply than demand
d. Devastate the balance of labor supply and demand

65. Which of the given employment testing approach requires individuals to perform activities similar to those they
might encounter in an actual job?
a. In-basket technique
b. Role playing
c. Interview simulations
d. Case study
66. According to which of the following interview type, several applicants are being interviewed by one or more
company representatives?
a. One-to-one interview
b. Panel interview
c. Group interview
d. Stress interview

67. Previous company records & customer satisfaction surveys may serve as a source for:
a. Cultivating learning culture within the organization
b. Determining deficiencies that require training
c. Developing career development plans for employees
d. Identifying training outcomes through evaluation
68. Evaluation of training program is conducted:
a. At the initial stage while design a training
b. Prior to need assessment phase
c. Parallel to design a training content
d. At the last stage of training

69. HR managers play vital role in:

a. Setting production targets
b. Formulating strategies
c. Publishing financial statements
d. Preparing reports for shareholders

70. There are several sources that can identify the training needs. List & explain any five of such sources. Q-1: Job
posting is:
a. Internal advertisement by an organization to attract candidates from the existing employees,
against a vacancy.
b. The system of transferring existing employees to comparable new jobs available in the organization.
c. An arrangement of in house training of employees for career advancement.
d. Grouping together of a family of similar jobs, under a single title to establish uniformity of standards
in controls and compensations.

71. Job analysis can be performed in all of the following ways except:
a. Observing hourly work
b. Reviewing interviews conducted with departing employees
c. Studying diaries or daily journals that manager kept over a three-month period
d. Giving workers checklists to indicate which tasks on the list are performed during job execution

72. Considering continuous process improvement activities in organizations, Should “Zero defects” really be a
goal?
a. Yes perfection is reasonable goal.
b. No, 0.1 percent errors can be corrected much more efficiently than they can be prevented
c. Yes most industries find this an attainable goal.
d. Sometimes, for some mistakes, cost benefits can not be calculated

73. Organizational efficiency is expressed as:

a. Planning for long-run goals
b. Making the best use of scarce resources
c. Goal attainment
d. Meeting deadlines

74. Goal setting is:?......................

 a. Top down process
b. Bottom up process
c. A process of top down support and bottom up development
d. A function of senior management

75. When the firm changes the way it operates, the process is known as:
a. Downsizing
b. Brain drain
c. Restructuring
d. Outsourcing

76. Which one is not included in the hiring process?

a. Recruitment
b. Socialization
c. Selection
d. Job specification

77. Effectiveness is --------------------------------

a. Do right things
b. Do things right
c. Productivity
d. All of the given options

78. Extents of individual freedom and discretion employees have in performing their jobs is Known as
a. Capitation
b. Flextime
c. Empowerment
d. Autonomy

79. Organization, where employees are provided with the opportunity to learn on continuous basis is known as:
a. Formal
b. Informal
c. Bureaucratic
d. Learning

80. Under which of the following no screening of applicant pool is conducted before making final selection?
a. Walk-in applicants
b. Employee referrals
c. Employment agency
d. School placement

81. Which of the following is NOT a concern of Human Resource Development (HRD)?
a. Employee training
b. Employee orientation
c. Employee rights
d. Employee appraisals

82. Employee commitment has suffered in recent years because of::

a. Downsizing
b. Training issues
c. Appraisals
d. Performance standards

83. Following are the stages of socialization process, EXCEPT:

 a. Pre-arrival stage
b. Encounter stage
c. Metamorphosis stage
d. Completion stage

84. The goal of pre-retirement educational programs is to;

a. Improve job satisfaction
b. Increase employee commitment
c. Minimize medical claims from retirees
d. Ease the transition from working life to retirement

85. Organizations put maximum effort in measuring performance of organizational people because;
a. It makes procedures cost effective
b. It helps in detecting the problems
c. It leads to product innovation
d. It assists in implementing new technology

86. Willingness, capacity & opportunity to perform are said to be;

a. Performance outcomes
b. Determinants of performance
c. Performance appraisals
d. Types of performance standards

87. One of the major barriers to career advancement experiencing by working ladies is;
a. Difficulty in balancing work and family life
b. Top management is usually male oriented
c. Lack of educational opportunities
d. Common perception that woman can not be better boss

88. Mr. Ahmed is a cashier and he feels dissatisfied at work. What best justifies this situation?
a. His job may not be structured to suit his preferences
b. It involves physical toughness
c. It requires mental toughness
d. It involves too much customer interaction
89. The _____ problem occurs when supervisors tend to rate all their subordinates consistently high.
a. Central tendency
b. Leniency
c. Strictness
d. Halo effect

90. What is another term for 360-degree feedback?

a. Feedback loop
b. Multi-source assessment
c. Upward feedback
d. Circle feedback

91. Standards are established to;

a. Achieve desired outcomes
b. Meet legal compliance
c. Achieve competitive advantage
d. Promote goodwill in market

92. Job evaluation is based on the;

a. Physical skills required by the job
b. Relative job worth for an organization
c. Complexity of the job to perform
d. Conceptual skill required by the job

93. Who is in the best position to observe and evaluate an employee’s performance for the
purposes of a performance appraisal?
a. Peers
b. Customers
c. Top management
d. Immediate supervisor

94. Groups are called ______________ if jobs are similar.

a. Classes
b. Grades
c. Scales
d. Roles

95. Train the raters prior to conduct the performance appraisal is an important responsibility of;
a. Top management
b. HR department
c. Line managers
d. Production department

96. Currently Organizations are providing benefits to their employees;

a. To attract new blood in the organization
b. To create stronger customer relationship
c. To enhance the market share
d. All of the above

97. Following are all examples of direct compensation EXCEPT;

a. Pension
b. Salary
c. Bonus
d. Income

98. One of the main flaws of Classification method to evaluate the jobs is;
a. It is an expensive method
b. Only beneficial for small organizations
c. Maximum probability of biasness
d. Not useful when jobs are different

99. Which of the following measurement methods rates employee performance? relative to other employees?
a. Graphic rating scale
b. Comparative method
c. Essay method
d. Critical incident method

100. HRM is associated with the management of;

a. General people
b. Financial resources
c. Organizational people
d. Community members
101. Cost of human resources refers to;
a. Company profits
b. Employee shares
c. Salary packages
d. Earned revenues

102. Top level managers require __________________ skills the most;

a. Technical
b. Interpersonal
c. Conceptual
d. Mechanical

103. Matching the job description with the individuals’ qualification is an important aspect of;
 a. IS
b. MIS
c. HRIS(Human Resource Information System)
d. DBMS

104. Manufacturing was the main concern of personnel department during;

a. Mechanistic period
b. Catalytic period
c. Organist period
d. Strategic period

105. SWOT Analysis is a tool for;

a. Determining organization’s mission
b. Developing organizational goals
c. Formulating strategies
d. Environmental scanning

106. Jobs are identified & grouped while;

a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Leading
d. Controlling

107. According to the Hawthorne studies, the productivity of employees;

a. Increased by increasing light
b. Decreased by decreasing light
c. Increased by observing them
d. No change in their productivity

108. Organizational goals should be;

a. Achievable
b. Ambiguous
c. Random
d. Vague

109. To anticipate the human resource needs of the organization based on some previous data or managerial
judgment is known as;
a. Demand forecasting
b. Supplies forecasting
c. Financial forecasting
d. Sales forecasting

110. The thorough & detailed study regarding jobs within an organization is represented by;
a. Job analysis
b. Job description
c. Job specification
d. Job evaluation

111. A practice used by companies to assign their costly activities to outside providers, (for the purpose of cost
saving), rather than completing it internally is called;
a. Planning
b. Decentralization
c. Restructuring
d. Outsourcing

112. Organizational behavior depicts the;

a. Jargons used within the organization
 b. Collective behavior of an organization
c. Effect of society’s common behavior on an organization
d. Culture prevails in an organization

113. Leaders perform;...............

a. Decisional roles
b. Informal roles
c. Informational roles
d. Interpersonal roles

114. As organizational activities are interrelated, it is said to be;

a. A closed system
b. An isolated system
c. An open system
d. A clogged system

115. Management sciences department is one of the _______________ of the VU;

a. System
b. Subsystem
c. Board
d. Structure

116. Shifting from manual to computerized system is resulted due to;

a. Workforce diversity
b. Technological advancement
c. Stake holder’s involvement
d. Globalization

117. _________ is the process of acquiring, training, appraising and compensating employees, attending to their
labor relations, health and safety and fairness concerns.
a. Labor Relations
b. Organizational Behavior
c. Human Resource Management
d. Organizational Health and Safety Management

118. Which of these refers to the temporary, part-time and self-employed workers?
a. Internal labor force
b. Contingent work force
c. High-performance work systems
d. Downsized employees

119. Which basic function of management includes delegating authority to subordinates and establishing channels
of communication?
a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Leading
d. Staffing

120. Over the past 25 years, all of these areas of legal environment have influenced HRM except:
a. Equal employment opportunity legislation
b. Employees pay and benefits
c. Employee competition legislation
d. Job security

121. One of the most popular methods of increasing employee responsibility and control is _______.
a. Outsourcing
b. \"Military model\" of management
 c. HRIS
d. Work teams

122. Which of these is a major dimension of HRM practices contributing to company competitiveness?
a. Compensating human resources
b. Acquiring and preparing human resources
c. Managing the human resource environment
d. All of the given options

123. How has technology changed HRM practices?

a. Recruiting using the web generates smaller, more focused applicant pools.
b. Employee training is offered through scheduled classes rather than on demand.
c. Electronic resumes take less time to evaluate than paper resumes.
d. None of the given options.

124. How do companies facilitate workforce diversity?

a. Rely on external support systems for minority workers.
b. Encourage employees to challenge the beliefs and values of other employees.
c. Build in accountability through surveys and audits.
d. Reinforce traditional values.

125. Employee involvement requires extensive additional HRM activity in which of these areas?
a. Training
b. Benefits
c. Labor negotiation
d. Marketing

126. David conducts new employee orientation for a large organization. His work is within which basic
HRM function?
a. Management
b. Motivation
c. Career planning
d. Training and development

127. Employee relations specialists are involved in which of these activities?

a. Handling employee complaints
b. Working with position control specialists in compensation
c. Negotiating benefits packages
d. Coordinating interview schedules

128. The father of scientific management is ________.

a. Deming
b. Burns
c. Taylor
d. Hawthorne

129. A large organization is an EEO employer with an affirmative action plan. Which of these activities is
performed as part of the plan?
a. All job applicants must have a recommendation from current or past employee
b. Insurance premiums from former employers of all applicants are analyzed
c. Job requirements are determined based on skills, knowledge and abilities
d. Job announcements are posted on the company bulletin board

130. Which of these items would be in the highest security category of a typical HRIS?
a. Employee name
 b. Former employers
c. Salary
d. Work location

131. Wal-Mart differentiates its business by offering the lowest prices. Offering the lowest prices is Wal-Mart’s
_________.
a. Functional strategy
b. Competitive advantage
c. Distinctive competence
d. Corporate strategy

132. __________ is the process of assessing progress toward strategic goals and taking corrective action as
needed.
a. Strategic management
b. Strategic planning
c. Strategic control
d. Diversification

133. _________ is the right to make decisions, to direct the work of others and to give orders.
a. Leadership
b. Authority
c. Delegation
d. Management

134. Which of the following is considered a qualitative approach to job analysis?

a. Position analysis questionnaire
b. Interviews
c. Department of Labor approach
d. Functional job analysis

135. Which of the following role a manager performs as a Resource allocator?

a. Interpersonal role
b. Decisional role
c. Informational role
d. Supportive role

136. Staffing is a process of hiring qualified employees at the right place and at the right time, to achieve
__________.
a. Targeted sales goals
b. Individual career goals
c. Return on investment
d. Organizational objectives

137. Manufacturing was the main concern of personnel department during:

a. Mechanistic period
b. Catalytic period
c. Organistic period
d. Strategic period

138. _________________ is achieved by combining capital, raw material & human resource by an organization.
a. Sales
b. Capital
c. Input
d. Output
139. Supervisors fall into the:
a. Top-level
b. Middle-level
c. First-line level
 d. Executive level

140. HRM is associated with the management of:

a. General people
b. Labors only
c. Organizational people
d. Employers only

141. A practice used by different companies to reduce costs by transferring portions of work to outside provider
rather than completing it internally is termed as:
a. Planning
b. Decentralization
c. Restructuring
d. Outsourcing

142. The cognitive component consists of a person’s:

a. Emotions
b. Knowledge
c. Attitude
d. Feelings

143. Reactive approach to overcome the influence of discriminatory practices occurred in the past is referred as:
a. Equal employment opportunity
b. Affirmative action
c. HR planning
d. Litigation process

144. Which of the following terminology describes the legal legislation in which job applicant should not be
rejected on the basis of discriminatory practices?
a. Affirmative action
b. Legal compliance
c. Equal employment opportunity
d. Stereotype

145. An organization operates in:

a. An isolated system
b. A closed system
c. A clogged system
d. An open system

146. ________ refers to a set of expected behavior patterns attributed to someone who occupies a given position in
a social unit.
a. Norm
b. Perception
c. Role
d. Stereotyping

147. People can be more productive while working in:

a. Isolation
b. Groups
c. Crowd
d. Mistrust

148. None of the given options Which of the following involves holding beliefs about people that place them
in categories for recognizing and accepting differences?
a. Backlash
b. Mistrust
 c. Cohesiveness
d. Stereotyping

149. While downsizing, organizations sometimes reduce the number of its employees by offering early
retirements because:
a. HR requirement is less than existing number of employees
b. HR requirement is greater than the existing number of employees
c. Company’s cost in terms of employee compensation can be saved
d. Organizations can be more efficient by this action of management

150. Which of the following can be an alternative decision to employee termination?

a. Demotion
b. Retirement
c. Resignation
d. Lay-off

151. If the time between violation & the respective penalty implementation lengthens, the impact of the
disciplinary action will:
a. Be exceeded (Correct)
b. Remain the same
c. Become invisible
d. Be reduced

152. Mr. Imran is appointed to supervise all the employees of the admin department. In this situation he is said to
be a ___________.
a. Manager only
b. Charismatic leader
c. Leader only
d. Leader & manager at the same time
153. \'Federal law\' requiring employers to give 60 days notice prior to plant closing or major layoff, as stated by:
a. Statutory right of employees (Correct)
b. Employer itself
c. Due process by an employer
d. Union recommendations

154. Which of the following facilitates the employer to hire, fire, demote or promote anyone, in the absence of any
legal obligation?
a. Discrimination law
b. Employment at will (Correct)
c. Affirmative action
d. Equal employment opportunity

155. \'Honda Pakistan\', implemented a safety & health program for its employees after consulting experts and
management in the organization. But, no reduction in the accidents or injuries is observed. Identify a reason
which is least possible to the failure of this Safety & Health program?
a. Company is not considering inputs of employees regarding safety decisions
b. Safety & health program is not communicated properly to all employees
c. Proper safety & health training has not been provided to the employees
d. Proper budget is not allocated to safety and health program as required
156. Which one of the following is NOT included in the content of \'Employee Handbook\'? Fringe benefits Safety
procedures Financial statements (Correct) Job duties
a. Fringe benefits
b. Safety procedures
c. Financial statements
d. Job duties

157. \"Accounting staff of a EFU General Insurance ltd, share information of different departments to assist in
preparing the annual budget on a consistent basis\". Which type of communication it is?
a. Diagonal communication
 b. Horizontal communication
c. Upward communication
d. Downward communication

158. According to which of the following view, \"conflict is bad and should be avoided\"?
a. Behavioral view
b. Traditional View
c. Human Relations View
d. Interactionist View

159. If the political behavior is motivated by self-serving interests without taking into account the goals of the
organization, the move would be considered as:
a. Ethical
b. Neutral
c. Unethical
d. Intense

160. Legitimate power includes which of the following?

a. Acceptance of authority by organizational members (Correct)
b. Limited ability to reward employees
c. Ability to only punish employees
d. Limited control of company’s physical resources

161. A power base that depends on fear comes under which of the following category of power?
a. Reward power
b. Coercive power
c. Referent power
d. Legitimate power
162. Which of the following is NOT included in time-off benefits?
a. On-the-job breaks
b. Annual holidays
c. Flexi time
d. Paid leaves

163. Ali was working as MTO in ABL & getting the package of Rs.20.000, few weeks ago heresigned from ABL
& joined HBL which is offering him Rs.30,000 at the same post of MTO. In this situation HBL is adopting the
________ pay strategy.
a. Above market rate
b. Below market rate
c. At market rate
d. All of the given options

164. What type of pay plan is being used when workers are paid a sum for each unit they produce?
a. Base pay
b. Competency-based pay
c. Bonus pay
d. Piecework pay

165. To make the \'Ranking Method\' of job evaluation more effective:

a. Perform performance appraisals on regular basis
b. Train employees prior to appraisals
c. Develop high compensation packages
d. Clearly define job description initially

166. Miss. Fouzia wants to excel herself in the banking field by clearing the IBP Superior Qualification (ISQ)
examination. But her current job’s strict timings do not allow her to fulfill her plans. To address this problem,
the bank could help her by:
a. Providing her with a career coach
 b. Encouraging her to join a career success team
c. Facilitating her with flexible working hours
d. Suggesting her a better occupation to adopt

167. Which of the following is part of a manager’s role in the career development of an employee?
a. Communicating the mission, policies and procedures
b. Utilizing career development opportunities
c. Participating in career development discussions
d. Establishing goals and career plans

168. Which of the following plays a role in assessing interests, seeking out career information and utilizing
development opportunities in career development?
a. Individual
b. Manager
c. Supervisor
d. Company

169. The lifelong series of activities that contribute to a person’s career exploration, establishment, success, and
fulfillment is called:
a. Organizational development
b. Career management
c. Career development
d. Career planning

170. Which of the following practice involves the selling off portions of the company and making severe staff
reductions?
a. Redesigning
b. Restructuring
c. Organizational designing
d. Reengineering

171. People can be more productive while working in:

a. solation
b. Groups
c. Crowd
d. None of the given options

172. The MOST common reason that an expatriate fails at an international assignment is _____.
a. Incompetency
b. Technical demands of the job
c. Expense
d. Family pressures

173. Previous company records & customer satisfaction surveys may serve as a source for:
a. Cultivating learning culture within the organization
b. Determining deficiencies that require training
c. Developing career development plans for employees
d. Identifying training outcomes through evaluation

174. The best hiring occurs when the goals of which of the following should consistent to each other?
a. HR managers, Finance managers
b. Head office, Branch
c. Organization, Individual (Correct)
d. Lower managers, Top managers

175. Due to which of the following reason, subordinates may feel dissatisfied with their appraisal interviews?
a. They feel threatened during the interview
b. They can influence the course of the interview
c. Constructive interviewer is conducting the interview
 d. Their poor performance is being highlighted

176. Which of the given solution served as the best one for reducing the problem of central tendency in
performance appraisals?
a. Rank employees
b. Train supervisors to avoid it
c. Impose a distribution for performance
d. Consider the purpose of the appraisal

177. Some supervisors, when filling in rating scales, tend to avoid the highs and lows on the scale and rate most
people in the middle. This type of evaluation is said to be effected by:
a. Stereotyping
b. Central tendency
c. Strictness
d. Leniency

178. “Ongoing process of managing & evaluating both the behavior & outcomes in the workplace” is known as:
a. Training & development
b. Performance appraisal
c. Compensation management
d. Job analysis

179. Employees\' routine working is now being monitored through computers electronically; this trend has affected
the Performance Appraisal (PA) system in which of the following manner?
a. Development of PA on more frequent basis
b. Enhanced importance of PA for employees
c. PA have became more accurate & efficient one
d. Human involvement is completely removed

180. By what means, organizations show concerns for their employees and earn their commitment?
a. Solely ensuring job security of employees
b. Provide career development opportunities
c. Promise after retirement incentives only
d. Offer stock options limited to senior employees

181. The frequency of conducting the performance appraisal depends on:

a. Environmental challenges
b. Training sessions
c. Job analysis
d. Organizational policies

182. Evaluation method generally adopted by most of the educational institutes to evaluate the students’ academic
performance is:
a. Project based method
b. Focal point method
c. Anniversary method
d. Base timings method

183. Which of the following approach emphasizes the effect of psychological & social factors on employees’
performance?
a. Scientific approach
b. Rational approach
c. Human relations approach
d. Systematic approach

184. Which of the following signifies a term “Task” as a component of an organization?

a. Organizational HR
b. Organizational hierarchy
c. Mechanical process
d. Existence purpose
185. Which of the following abilities are categorized as the Technical skill of an individual?
a. Judgment & creativity
b. Analysis & communication
c. Knowledge & proficiency
d. Innovation & advancement

186. Reactive approach to overcome the influence of discriminatory practices occurred in the past is referred as:
a. Equal employment opportunity
b. Affirmative action
c. HR planning
d. Litigation process

187. Neither an organization nor any organizational member can provide the employee database information to any
person/organization without the permission of the concerned employee. This restriction is supported by:
a. Employment at will
b. Discrimination law
c. Rights to privacy
d. Labor law

188. Communication in which information flows from the top of the organizational management hierarchy to the
employees telling them what is the mission and what are the policies of the organization is known as:
a. Diagonal communication
b. Horizontal communication
c. Upward communication
d. Downward communication

189. All of the following would be considered as sources of conflicts, EXCEPT:

a. Goal incompatibility
b. Different values and beliefs
c. Lack of resources and finances
d. Strengthened team dynamics

190. The labor union of \'SAGA Trading Pvt Ltd\' is demanding company to buy resources from their settled place.
Company didn’t bother about raising such issue by the union, as the issue comes under:
a. Labor issues
b. Mandatory issues
c. Permissive issues
d. Prohibited issues

191. According to which of the following view, \"conflict should be encouraged and Managed\"?
a. Traditional View
b. Human Relations View
c. Interactionist View
d. Behavioral view
192. If being a manager you have the power to dismiss, suspend or demote your subordinates, you are said to have
which of the following power?
a. Charismatic power
b. Referent power
c. Coercive power
d. Legitimate power

193. Performance measures include all of the following, EXCEPT:

a. Individual’s productivity
b. Team\'s productivity
c. Departmental productivity
d. Market productivity

194. Which of the following is NOT included in time-off benefits?

a. On-the-job breaks
b. Annual holidays
 c. Flexi time
d. Paid leaves
195. For which of the following reason, organizations consider employee benefits important?
a. To attract new blood in the organizations
b. To retain the valuable employees
c. To create good reputation in the market
d. All of the given option

196. Which of the following is NOT included in direct financial payments?

a. Wages
b. Insurance
c. Commissions
d. Incentive

197. When an employee’s performance is so poor that a written warning is required, that warning should:
a. Identify the standards by which the employee is judged
b. Contain examples of employees who met the standards
c. Provide previous examples when employee met the standards
d. Be sent to the employee in question and to the superior manager

198. If a supervisor wants to criticize his subordinate in an appraisal interview, it is best to:
a. Hold meeting with other people to diffuse the negative situation
b. Provide examples of critical incidents by that employee
c. Acknowledge personal biases with the employee
d. Scold the employee on excuses for poor performance

199. Which of the following depicts today\'s major barrier to career advancement of the working ladies?
a. Top management is usually male oriented
b. Lack of educational opportunities for women
c. Common perception that woman can never be a better boss
d. Difficulty in balancing the work and family life

200. \'Job description\' provides which of the following information?

a. Working conditions prevailing in an organization
b. Set of KSA required to perform a job
c. Level of experience mandatory for a particular job
d. Individual’s general attitude that affects the job performance

201. Background and reference checks are made by HR department while hiring employees to:
a. Evaluate employee’s capability
b. Meet requirements of federal law
c. Check employee’s communication network
d. Check authenticity of provided information

202. Hamid immediately left the organization for personal reasons during the office hours without informing his
manager. Manager should take notice of it because:
a. It is his responsibility to remain informed about employees’ problems
b. It is a disciplinary problem that requires immediate action
c. It is about assigning Hamid’s work to some other employee before leaving
d. It is his responsibility to keep record of enter & exit of employees during office hours

203. Occupational health & safety refers to which of the following dimensions of a workforce that result from the
work environment provided by the organization?
a. Physical & physiological
b. Physiological & Mycological
c. Chronological & psychological
d. Physiological & psychological

204. Who is responsible for hiring the wrong person for the particular job?
a. HR manager
 b. Regional manager
c. Regional head
d. CEO

205. Which of the following Management functions are applicable w.r.t HRM?
a. Planning, organizing, leading & controlling
b. Planning & organizing only
c. Leading & controlling only
d. None of the management functions applied

206. What are the different dimensions of stress? List & discuss them in detail. Appraisal of a worker’s
performance can be described as:
a. Planning Activity
b. Organizing Activity
c. Controlling Activity
d. Leading Activity
207. Hawthorne studies depict the effects of work environment on:
a. Human Behavior
b. Human Performance
c. Human Satisfaction
d. All the given options

208. The concept of how a person behaves in a group can be attributed to:
a. Thermodynamics
b. Group Dynamics
c. MBO (Management by objectives)
d. Group Behavior

209. The study of Organizational Behavior is closely related to:

a. Human Psychology
b. Human Behavior in general
c. Human Behavior at work
d. Human-Machine Interaction

210. Essential component of an organization is:

a. Team
b. Structure
c. Individual
d. None of the given options

211. The whole is greater than the sum of its parts is known as:
a. Efficiency
b. Effectiveness
c. Productivity
d. Synergy
212. Virtual teams can contribute to better coordination among the team members because:
a. Technology brings them together on a forum.
b. Team members meet physically with each other
c. Team members share views among themselves via communication links.
d. Team members have the real time environment for interaction.

213. Which one is not basic component of OB (Organizational Behavior) Model?

a. Organization
b. Group
c. Team
d. Ndividual

214. Which of the following defines the process of \'Recruitment\'?

a. Forecasting the demand of human resources
b. Forecasting the supply of human resources
c. Discovering potential job candidates for a particular position
 d. Making a “hire” or “no hire” decisions

215. The number of people hired for a particular job compared to the number of individuals in the applicant pool is
often expressed as:
a. Application ratio
b. Recruitment ratio
c. Selection ratio
d. Employment ratio

216. Which of the following test indicates the person’s inclination towards a particular occupation that provides
satisfaction to that individual?
a. Vocational interest test
b. Cognitive aptitude test
c. Personality test
d. psychomotor abilities test

217. All of the following areas are covered in an employee orientation program, EXCEPT:
a. Organizational history
b. Employee benefits
c. Organizational issues
d. Organizational politics

218. Which of the following term reflects the process of preparing organizational people according to the future
needs?
a. Learning
b. Training
c. Development
d. Need analysis

219. Which of the following term best represents the individuals who have interests in an organization and are
influenced by it?
a. Workforce
b. Stakeholders
c. Customers
d. Stockholders

220. Mr. Ahmed was working as a computer operator, but he was unable to work in Ms Excel with the required
speed. Due to this reason management has forcefully retired him & appointed a new person to replace him, the
company is said to be indulged in:
a. Rightsizing
b. Affirmative action
c. Downsizing
d. Discrimination

221. “Self-motivated & result oriented individuals with sound knowledge of combined cycle gas turbine power
plant operations and practical experience of mechanical, electrical and I&C maintenance of plant.” This section
of job advertisement represents which of the given term?
a. Job analysis
b. Job description
c. Job specification
d. Job evaluation

222. Which of the following statement represents \"effectiveness\"?

a. Achieve most output in less time
b. Achieve mass production
c. Achieve most output with least input
d. Achieve organizational goals
223. With the emergence of Information Technology (IT), organizations are needed to perform which of the
following activity in response to this new technological trend?
a. Job evaluation
b. Job specification
c. Job description
d. Job analysis

224. Which of the following is said to be the main focus of Organization Behavior?
a. How to become more effective in society
b. How to best utilize human resource
c. How to become environmental friendly
d. How to become a market leader

225. \'Job specification\' is said to be an outcome of which of the given term?

a. Job analysis
b. Job title
c. Job evaluation
d. Job worth

226. Technically HRIS is a/an:

a. System software
b. System hardware
c. Database system
d. Operating system

227. HRIS is used to facilitate the decisions related to:

a. Overall organization
b. Employment planning
c. Sales forecasting
d. Resource allocation

228. HR department maintains _______________ records.

a. Employee
b. Sales
c. Prodction
d. Inventory

229. Why organizational goals should be measurable?

a. Ensure goal ambiguity
b. Ensure goal attainment
c. Put high effort
d. Encourage employee participation

230. Under which of the following role, manager discusses issues and bargains with other units to gain advantages
for their own unit?
a. Negotiator
b. Spokesperson
c. Disseminator
d. Entrepreneur

231. Organization is said to be an open system, because:

a. It operates within an environment
b. It operates in isolation
c. Its activities are random
d. Its activities are independent

232. How often HR planning process is implemented within an organization?

a. Continuously
b. Annually
 c. Bi-annually
d. Quarterly

233. Why organizations provide attractive salaries, fringe benefits, career development opportunities and respect to
their employees?
a. To retain valuable human resource
b. To be the market leader in the future
c. To attract more and more people
d. To enforce government regulations

234. An organization posts advertisement in the news paper as: “Approximate Gross salary is Rs. 24,000/ per
month. In addition to above salary the candidate on appointment will also be entitled for other attractive
benefits/facilities like pick and drop, indoor medical facility, housing subsidy etc”. This represents:
a. The organization’s policy for attracting more potential candidates
b. The organization is creating its positive image in the market
c. The organization is clearly defining the job position
d. The organization’s policy to retain valuable employees

235. Organizations started emphasizing on making rules and regulations during:

a. Mechanistic period
b. Legalistic period
c. Catalytic period
d. Strategic period

236. \'Career counseling\' is part of which of the following functions of HRM?

a. Compensation & benefits
b. Planning & selection
c. Training & development
d. Maintainence of HRIS

237. Which of the following force makes an individual eligible to make decisions, give orders & directing work
activities of others?
a. Power
b. Influence
c. Authority
d. Command

238. What comes prior to environmental scanning of an organization?

a. Determining organizational mission
b. Monitoring the action plans
c. Developing budgets for plans
d. None of the given options

239. What measure should be needed to ensure effective recruitment?

a. Keep pool of large size to get best out of it
b. Address personnel needs of applicants
c. Meet economies of scale for an organization
d. Clearly understand organizational goals

240. Which of the following source can be used to ensure the authentication of the information provided by the job
applicant?
a. Reference check
b. Criminal record
c. Application form
d. Credit history

241. Background investigations and reference checks are considered to verify candidate’s _____________ .
a. Age
b. Marital status
 c. Credentials
d. Gender

242. Non-Muslims are not allowed to enter the territory of Mekkah & Madina, due to this restriction, McDonalds
made local hiring for its subsidiaries in these regions. Which hiring approach they have adopted in response to
this limitation?
a. Parent-country national
b. Host-country national
c. Third-country national
d. Headquarter national

243. Decision regarding the delivery medium for training is made prior to which of the following step?
a. Evaluating the training program
b. Designing the contents of training to be delivered
c. Identifying whether the training is required or not
d. Conducting need assessment to identify issues
244. HRM is said to be effective when ______________ is achieved.
a. Minimization of wastage
b. Cohesive work environment
c. Customer satisfaction
d. Large market share
245. Which of the following term describes the unique combination of psychological traits that describes a
person’s behaviors?
a. Personality
b. Attitude
c. Ability
d. Unique

246. Successful managers are:

a. Efficient & effective
b. Goal achievers
c. Strict to employees
d. Policy makers

247. Which of the following is an online recruitment method engaged in by a single employer or group of
employers to attract a large number of applicants?
a. Job fairs
b. Recent grads
c. Internship programs
d. Recruiting sites

248. Which of the given statement reflects the Relationship between HRM & Management?
a. Both are same
b. Management is one aspect of HRM
c. HRM is one aspect of Management
d. No relationship exists

249. Entrepreneurs are said to perform the:

a. Interpersonal role
b. Informational role
c. Supportive role
d. Decisional role

250. Which of the following method includes the exchange of information between organizational member & the
applicant through a goal-oriented conversation?
a. Counseling simulations
b. Vocational interest test
c. Role playing
d. Employment interview
251. Organizations started giving more focus on the quality of work life (QWL) during:
a. 1960-70
b. 1970-80
c. 1980-90
d. 1990-2000

252. Which of the following information is NOT collected through observation method while conducting job
analysis?
a. Who is monitoring the task?
b. What task has done?
c. How task has done?
d. How long a task has taken to complete?

253. Which of the following is a test validation method that determines whether a test measures certain traits that
are important in performing a job or not?
a. Concept validity
b. Criterion validity
c. Construct validity
d. Content validity

254. Which of the following department of an organization performs the managerial function of matching
organizational needs with the skills & abilities of the employees?
a. Finance department
b. Marketing department
c. Production department
d. Human Resource department

255. If in a country women advocates are not encouraged to be appointed as high court judges; which of the
following constraint applies in this situation?
a. Grievance practices
b. Equal employment opportunity
c. Glass ceiling effect
d. Reverse discrimination

256. This section of job advertisement represents which of the following term?
a. Job analysis
b. Job description
c. Job specification
d. Job summary

257. Goal setting is:.........

a. Top down process
b. Bottom up process
c. A process of top down support and bottom up development
d. A function of senior management

258. Which of the following statement reflects the \'Age Discrimination Act\' for workers?
a. At the age of 40 to 70, workers can not be retired by force
b. At the age below 18, workers can never be hired
c. Having 10 years of experience, workers should be promoted
d. Workers can never be rehired if retired once

259. _______________________ is an obligation to perform certain tasks/activities.

a. Duty
b. Responsibility
c. Position
d. Work
260. If the workforce of an organization represents true proportion of the community sectors in all its job
classifications, it represents the ______ of its affirmative action.
a. Performance
b. Gaps
c. Effectiveness
d. Discrepancies

261. Studying organizational behavior helps managers:

a. To see the value of workforce diversity
b. To analyze the efficiency of organization
c. To analyze the efficiency of organization
d. To become more effective in society

262. Which of the given term is used to represent the segments of jobs held by an individual throughout his/her life
time?
a. Responsibility
b. Career
c. Occupation
d. Position

263. Which of the following is a stated outcome of \'Job Analysis\'?

a. Job description
b. Job specification
c. Job evaluation
d. All of the given options

264. Which of the following is MOST important to manage workforce diversity?

a. Lower cohesiveness
b. Support group
c. Top-level commitment
d. Resistance to change

265. Graphic rating scales are subjected to all of the following problems, EXCEPT:
a. Halo effects
b. Complexity
c. Central tendency
d. Leniency

266. Which of the following is responsible for implementing the developed strategies?
a. Human resource
b. Physical resource
c. Rules & policies
d. Installed equipment
267. In which of the following area organizations are legally bound to maintain consistency in HR policies?
a. Compensation system
b. Training & development
c. Safety measures
d. None of the given options

268. How can companies provide career counseling, development advice, and therapy for employees seeking to
grow in their careers?
a. Provide career coaches
b. Encourage role reversal
c. Establish a corporate campus
d. Offer online career centers

269. Which ONE of the following is not a part of Human Resource Development?
a. Training
b. Education
c. Development
d. Rewards
270. What type of screening mode is used to reduce absenteeism and establish a baseline for future insurance
claims?
a. Physical examinations
b. Personality tests
c. Polygraph tests
d. Substance abuse screening

271. Which of the following term is said to be a part of Organizational Structure?

a. Goal attainment
b. Hierarchy level
c. Performance standards
d. Supporting staff

272. Following activities are the part of marketing process EXCEPT which of the following?
a. Analyzing marketing opportunities
b. Selecting target markets
c. Developing the business portfolio
d. Managing the marketing effort

273. Technical personnel who help in developing the specifications and evaluate alternative products for possible
use refers to which of the following?
a. Users
b. Influencers
c. Buyers
d. Deciders

274. The world is ___ rapidly with the advent of faster communications, transportation, and financial flows.
a. Expanding
b. Exploding
c. Shrinking
d. None of the above

275. The process of shaping and refining potential product ideas refers to which one of the following options?
a. Prototype development
b. Concept development
c. Test marketing
d. Idea screening

276. What is the initial stage in the development of an advertising campaign?

a. Setting the budget for advertising
b. Identifying and analyzing the target audience
c. Defining the advertising objectives
d. Creating the advertising platform

277. HRIS helps managers to perform _______________________ more effectively & systematically.
a. Management functions
b. Controlling functions
c. Planning functions
d. HR functions

278. Who distinguished between intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation?

a. Frederick Taylor
b. Frederick Herzberg
c. David McClelland
d. Edward Deci

279. In most large facilities, who is responsible for reducing unsafe working conditions and reducing unsafe acts
by employees?
a. Chief executive officer
 b. Chief safety officer
c. Occupational safety and health officer
d. Chief operations officer

280. Which of the following personality characteristics are associated with people who are likely to exhibit violent
behavior on the job?
a. Neurotic
b. Optimistic
c. Extraverted
d. Type A

281. Which of these suggestions is an effective way to deal with stress?

a. Meditation
b. Exercise
c. Talking with others
d. All of the given options

282. Stress can affect not only your health, but also other aspects of your life. What else can be affected by stress?
a. Family relationships
b. Work performance
c. Your attention to safety
d. All of the given options

283. Unemployment benefits are typically about __________ percent of a person\'s earnings and last
for__________.
a. 50; 26 weeks
b. 75; 1 year
c. 100; 2 years
d. 25; 4 weeks

284. Unsafe acts can be reduced through all of the following methods except:
a. Job rotation
b. Screening
c. Training
d. Incentive programs

285. Which of these is the most common type of retirement plan?

a. Defined benefit
b. ERISA
c. Defined contribution
d. Money purchase plan

286. Which one of the following statements is correct in relation to monetary rewards in accordance with
Herzberg’s Two-Factor theory?
a. Pay increases are a powerful long-term motivator
b. Inadequate monetary rewards are a powerful dissatisfier
c. Monetary rewards are more important than non-monetary rewards
d. Pay can never be used as a motivator

287. Which pattern of communication is the quickest way to send a message?

a. The circle
b. The chain
c. The Y
d. The wheel

288. Communication between two members of a project team from different function, but the same level of
authority is ________ communication.
a. UP ward
 b. Downward
c. Lateral
d. Diagonal

289. All of the following are External Environmental Factors except ?

a. Legal Considerations
b. The Labor Force
c. Customers
d. Corporate Culture

290. The people who perform tasks in a wide variety of human resource-related areas are called?
a. HR Executives
b. HR Generalists
c. HR Specialist
d. All of the given options

291. A strategy intended to achieve fair employment by urging employers to hire certain groups of people who
were discriminated against in the past is known as?
a. Fair employment
b. Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO)
c. Affirmative action
d. Employment discrimination

292. Generally, the goal setting is a ?

a. Top down process
b. Bottom up process
c. Process of top down support and bottom up development
d. Function of senior management

293. The method that uses the organization?s current level of employment as the starting point for determining
future staffing needs is ?
a. Zero Based Forecasting
b. Bottom-Up Approach
c. Forecasting Human Resource Availability
d. None of the given options

294. What specific activities listed below are part of the organizing function?
a. Giving each subordinate a specific task
b. Recruiting prospective employees
c. Training and developing employees
d. Developing rules and procedures

295. _____ are authorized to direct the work of subordinates?

a. Staff managers
b. Line managers
c. Leaders
d. Advisory board members

296. What tactic will employers likely have to take to fill openings left by retiring employees?
a. Instituting flexible work hours
b. Providing elder care
c. Hiring more women
d. Rehiring retirees

297. Following are the basic principles or conditions that facilitate learning except?
a. Participation
b. Relevance
c. Feedback
 d. Education
298. Training instruction for a small group, which employs such techniques as role-playing or simulation etc. and
encounters give and take sessions and problem-solving techniques is called:?
a. Career counseling
b. Workshop
c. Development Plan
d. On the job training
299. Barriers to career advancement include:?
a. Lack of time
b. Rigid job specifications
c. Short-term focus
d. All of the given options
300. The basic skills possessed by the individual that are required to give certain performance are termed as:?
a. Ability
b. Motivation
c. Experience
d. Performance
301. Using the __________ approach, managers evaluate organizational effectiveness?
a. External resource
b. Internal systems
c. Technical
d. Systems
302. Without proper feedback about an employee?s effort and its effect on performance, we run the risk of
decreasing his/ her _________?
a. Salary
b. Experience
c. Motivation
d. Performance appraisal
303. ______ is the process whereby union members vote out their union as their representative?
a. Authorization card
b. Representation certification
c. Representation decertification
d. Trade union election
304. We can define ____ as activities people perform to acquire, enhance, and use power and other resources to
obtain their preferred outcomes in a situation of uncertainty or disagreement?
a. Organizational politics
b. Executing authority
c. Collective bargaining
d. Position power

305. Protection from discrimination, safe working conditions and union formulation are _____ rights, provided to
employees?
a. Contractual
b. Individual
c. Statutory
d. Organizational

306. A situation in labor ? management negotiation whereby management prevents union members from returning
to work is called _____?
a. Grievance
b. Strike
c. Arbitration
d. Lockout

307. The first formal stage of the disciplinary procedure is?

a. Written Verbal Warning
 b. Written Warning
c. Suspension
d. Dismissal

308. The ______ leadership is a set of abilities that allows the leader to recognize the need for change, to create a
vision to guide that change, and to execute that change effectively?
a. Transformational
b. Charismatic
c. Autocratic
d. Transactional

309. Following the ____, discipline should be immediate, provide ample warning, be consistent, and be
impersonal?
a. Disciplinary rules
b. Corrective action
c. Punitive action
d. Hot-stove rule

310. Over the past 25 years, all of these areas of legal environment have influenced HRM except: ?
a. Equal employment opportunity legislation
b. Employees pay and benefits
c. Employee competition legislation
d. Job security

311. Ahmed has provided the personal contact numbers of his subordinates to one of his friend who is working as
an insurance agent in a private insurance firm, to help him in achieving his monthly sales target. This practice is:
a. Clear violation of labor laws
b. Implementation of discrimination law
c. Prohibited by the privacy rights
d. Violation of employment at will

312. All of the following are reasons of conflicts in an organization, EXCEPT:

a. Everyone competing for scarce resources
b. Interactionist view about employees
c. Poor coordination among employees
d. Stereotypical views about employees
313. Which of the following is an incentive plan that rewards employees for exceeding a predetermined goal by
sharing the extra profits?
a. Scanlon plan
b. Piece-work plan
c. Gainsharing plan
d. Variable pay plan

314. Which one of the following does NOT categorized as \'pay-for-performance\' program?
a. Piecework plan
b. Scanlon plan
c. Gainsharing plan
d. Profit sharing plan

315. An employee’s compensation usually comprises of:

a. High monetary rewards
b. Quality rewards requested by employees
c. Benefits like medical & transport allowances
d. Financial & non-financial rewards

316. Which of the following is most popular technique for appraising employee performance?
a. Alternation ranking
b. Graphic rating scale
c. Management by objective
d. Paired comparison
317. Which is the best time or occasion to discuss career-related issues with an employee?
a. Weekly staff meeting
b. Social lunch
c. Employee’s annual appraisal
d. Career success team meeting

318. The basis for promotion will typically be competence rather than seniority when:
a. Team cohesiveness is important
b. Company is promoting competition
c. Union agreements are involved
d. Organization is Legaly bound by government

319. Which of the following is the utmost preference of an organization while selecting a training and development
program?
a. Ensure the cost effectiveness of the training session
b. Expert & professional trainers should be hired
c. Training should be provided to all the employees
d. Maximum training mediums should be used

320. The re-arrangement of organizational structure & change in organizational culture is accomplished during:
a. Task analysis
b. Organizational analysis
c. Person analysis
d. Management analysis

321. Which of the following is a goal-directed summary of a person\'s experience, education and training
developed for use in the selection process?
a. Curriculum vitae
b. Educational record
c. Career goal
d. Interview questioning

322. As an HR manager, what should be your main focus while recruitment?

a. The potential candidate must posses interpersonal and analytical skills
b. The potential candidate should be very confident and sharp
c. The potential candidate must be attractive enough to fit in the position
d. The potential candidate should match the requirements of the job

323. What could be the main consideration of an HR manager during recruitment?

a. Outsource the employee selection to recruiting agencies
b. Screen the pool of appropriate applicants
c. Attract a large number of applicants
d. Only hire the experienced candidates

324. Term used to refer the potential employees available for work within the geographic area from which
employees are recruited is:
a. Labor market
b. Employment market
c. Employee market
d. Job market

325. The best way of reducing the problems of leniency or strictness in performance appraisals is to:
a. Rank employees
b. Train supervisors to avoid it
c. Impose a distribution for performance
d. Consider the purpose of the appraisal
326. Which of the following problem occurs when supervisors tend to rate all their subordinates consistently low?
a. Central tendency
b. Leniency
c. Strictness
d. Halo effect

327. Which of the following performance appraisal method is usually adopted for evaluating performance at
managerial positions?
a. Management by objective
b. Critical incident
c. Paired comparison
d. Essay method

328. In which method supervisor keeps a log of positive and negative examples of a subordinate’s work-related
behavior?
a. Management by objective
b. Comparison method
c. Essay method
d. Critical incident method

329. Rewards that employees receive as a result of their employment and position rather than performance in the
organization are refered to:
a. Variable pay
b. Benefits
c. Salary
d. Bonuses

330. Which of the following term is used for choosing the individual that is best suited to a particular position and
to the organization from a group of potential applicants?
a. Recruitment
b. Selection
c. Staffing
d. Enrollment
331. Employee’s inability to complete the assigned tasks within the deadline may leads to:
a. Decline in his salary only
b. Increased work burden
c. Employee demotion only
d. Disciplinary action against him

332. The inner drive that directs a person’s behavior towards goal attainment is known as:
a. Performance
b. Motivation
c. Need
d. Attitude

333. The screening used to reduce absenteeism on the basis of medical problems and to establish a baseline for
future health insurance claims, is:
a. Physical examination
b. Personality test
c. Polygraph test
d. Substance abuse

334. Which of the following skills are required most by the Top-level managers?
a. Technical skills
b. Interpersonal skills
c. Conceptual skills
d. All of the given options

335. Which of the following stage of training module identifies the mediums of training?
 a. Designing phase of training
b. Training Need Analysis
c. Determining training objectives
d. Training evaluation

336. HR managers who are close & answerable to top management/CEO, and perform one or more HR functions
are titled as;
a. HR specialists
b. Functional managers
c. HR generalists
d. HR executives

337. Unilever is serving all around the world with its diversified products, it is said to be practicing:
a. Technological advancements
b. Rapid changes
c. Stakeholders\' management
d. Business globalization

338. Good judgment, creativity, and the ability to see the big picture are the abilities of managers having:
a. Technical skills
b. Interpersonal skills
c. Conceptual skills
d. Practical skills
339. Resources are allocated & assigned while:
a. Planning & Organizing
b. Leading & Controlling
c. Organizing & Controlling
d. Controlling & Planning
340. Which of the following had gained importance during 1970s to save the organizations from courts?
a. Trade unions
b. Human relation movement
c. Employment legislations
d. None of the given options
341. HR department became the main force behind all changes during:
a. Mechanistic period
b. Catalytic period
c. Organistic period
d. Strategic period

342. For which of the following employees\' participation plays a vital role?
a. Enhance goals\' complexity
b. Develop tools for measurable goals
c. Redefine goals frequently
d. Ensure goals attainment

343. By retrieving required information timely, organizations are in the position to:
a. Take critical decisions
b. Support organizational activities
c. Facilitate organizational people
d. Implement strategies more efficiently

344. The thorough & detailed study regarding jobs within an organization is termed as:
a. Job analysis
b. Job description
c. Job specification
d. Job evaluation

345. Which of the following condition stimulates the need of Job analysis within an organization?
a. Creation of New jobs
 b. Prior to job specification
c. While modifying existing jobs
d. All of the given options

346. The set of tasks & duties assigned to a particular person is said to be his/her:
a. Position
b. Duty
c. Responsibility
d. Work

347. In order to ensure better compensation & salary packages for employees, organization should develop:
a. Job description
b. Job specification
c. Job evaluation
d. All of the given options

348. Jamal Enterprises\' top management refused to consider its female marketing manager for the post of Vice
President. This action of the company is representing which of the following?
a. Gender discrimination
b. Legal consideration
c. Reverse discrimination
d. Glass ceiling effect

349. According to which act, pay discrimination on the basis of gender for same position & performance is
prohibited?
a. Civil rights
b. Equal pay
c. Worker compensation
d. Age discrimination

350. In order to appoint a lecturer for management, the senior faculty asked Mr. Ali to deliver a sample lecture to
one of the MBA batch. The evaluation form is provided to students to grade Mr. Ali as a competent teacher in
terms of his communication & convincing abilities. What type of test is said to be conducted for the evaluation
of Mr. Ali?
a. Reliable test
b. Content-valid test
c. Face-valid test
d. Construct-valid test

351. Which of the following term is used to study the collective behavior of individuals within an organization?
a. Organizational culture
b. Organizational norms
c. Organizational behavior
d. Organizational rules

352. Which is NOT a weakness of group decision-making?

a. Group decisions are time-consuming
b. Groups enhance creativity through diverse views
c. Group members suffer from ambiguous responsibilities
d. Groups can be dominated by one or a few members

353. Managers who are indulged in establishing policies & procedures are fall under which category?
a. Staff
b. Line
c. Functional
d. Operational
354. Who collects information from institutions & organizations outside their own, and facilitate the organizational
personnels with that gathered information?
a. Monitor
b. Liaison
c. Disseminator
d. Figurehead

355. Being a Figurehead, manager has to perform which of the following role?
a. Informational roles
b. Decisional roles
c. Interpersonal roles
d. Sequential roles

356. How many levels of management are in a traditional organization?

a. 5
b. 3
c. 8
d. 4

357. The ability to think about abstract & complex situations is refered to as:
a. Mechanical skill
b. Technical skill
c. Interpersonal skill
d. Conceptual skill

358. Controlling is mandatory to:

a. Large organizations
b. Small & medium enterprises
c. All of the given options
d. Private organizations

359. \"Management\" is concerned with the administration of:

a. Human resource
b. Financial resource
c. Physical resource
d. All of the given options

360. A special form of recruitment that involves placing a student in a temporary job with no obligation either by
the company to hire the student permanently or by the student to accept a permanent position with the firm
following graduation, is known as:
a. Cooperative work
b. Student placement
c. Internship program
d. Student leasing

361. Achievable & quality performance standards can be set with the help of accurate:
a. Job analysis
b. Job description
c. Job specification
d. Job evaluation

362. Which of the following is the main focus of Organizational Behavior?

a. Society
b. Stockholders
c. People at work
d. Union

363. Managers can motivate people to avoid performing dysfunctional behaviors by using: I. Extinction. II.
Punishment. III. Negative reinforcement.
 a. I, II, III
b. I and III
c. II and III
d. I and II

364. The 360 degree appraisal

a. works best in large organizations.
b. provides feedback from a verity of individuals.
c. aids in developing competitive intelligence.
d. diminishes the effect of development in the appraisal process.

365. A process that significantly affects organizational success by having managers and employees work together
to set expectations, review results, and reward performance.
a. Management by Objectives
b. Performance Appraisal
c. Performance Management
d. Organizational Planning

366. ________________ is solely responsible for managing individual’s career.

a. Individual
b. Team
c. Organization
d. HR Manage

367. The evaluator uses a list of behavioral descriptions and checks off those behaviors that apply to the employee.
This method of appraisal is called
a. Forced-Choice Appraisal
b. Forced Distribution Appraisal
c. Checklist Appraisal
d. Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales

368. Any compensation method that ties pay to the quantity or quality of work the person produces is called
a. Gain-sharing Plan
b. Incentive Plan
c. Compensation Plan
d. Pay for performance Plan

369. Employee evaluations are directly affected by a “supervisor’s perceptions of who is believed to be in control
of the employee’s performance – the employer or the manager.” This theory is known as
a. Attribution Theory
b. Stereotype
c. Halo Effect
d. None of above options

370. The ____ trust is based on the behavioral predictability that comes from a history of interaction
a. Deterrence-based
b. Knowledge-based
c. Identification-based
d. None of the given options

371. Which has an impact on job pricing and the ultimate determination of an individual’s financial compensation?
a. The Organization
b. The Job
c. The Employee
d. All of the above options

372. Office environment that contain harmful airborne chemicals, asbestos, or indoor pollution is referred to
a. Homicide
b. Sick Building
 c. Green Environment
d. Environment pollution

373. Benefits offered to employees reflect many of the trends existing in our
a. Country
b. Environment
c. Organization
d. Labor Force

374. Recognition, positive reinforcement and employees’ empowerment can be used to avoid the
a. Turnover
b. Conflict
c. Accident
d. Frustration

375. Not giving a compliment for a job done very well can cause
a. Punishment
b. Extinction
c. Negative Reinforcement
d. De-motivation

376. Which is a common law doctrine stating that employers have the right to hire, fire, demote, or promote
whomever they choose, unless there is a law or contract to the contrary .
a. Management Rights
b. Employment at Will
c. Statutory Rights
d. Contractual Rights

377. The ability of one person to influence another is

a. Power
b. Responsibility
c. Authority
d. All given options

378. The first formal stage of the disciplinary procedure is

a. Written Verbal Warning
b. Written Warning
c. Employee Separation
d. Show-Cause Notice

379. A worker surplus forecasted results in

a. Creative Recruiting
b. Special Training Programs
c. Reduced Hours
d. Succession Planning
380. Which theory suggests that a leader should adapt his/her leadership style to the task?
a. Path-Goal Leadership Theory
b. Vroom-Jago-Yetton Model
c. LMX Theory
d. The Situational Leadership Model
381. To be effective, leaders must provide a _________________that is a general statement of the organization’s
intended direction that evokes positive emotional feelings in organization members.
a. Vision
b. Mission
c. Goal
d. Declaration

382. These rights Protect employees from discrimination, Safe working conditions, Right to form unions
 a. Statutory Rights
b. Contractual Rights
c. Employment policies
d. Civil Rights
383. For simplicity’s sake, we can classify the most frequent violations of discipline into _____________
categories.
a. Two
b. Three
c. Four
d. Six
384. To Becoming a Leader do all except
a. Build Your Power
b. Develop Your Judgmentase
c. Use Your Management Skills
d. Do Not Trust Anyone
385. A forecasting tool that uses mathematical equations to predict the behavior of one variable on the basis of
other known variable/s is known as
a. Managerial judgment
b. Regression analysis
c. Trend analysis
d. Ratio analysis
386. One reason for falling union membership in recent years is that __________
a. Legislation protects workers in a way that was once only offered by the unions
b. Unions have been seen as largely ineffectual
c. Union membership is too expensive
d. Manufacturers will not hire union members
387. All of the following types of organizations are covered by the Occupational Safety and Health Act except
__________
a. Federal agencies
b. Hospitals
c. Schools
d. Self-employed persons

388. There is fairly strong evidence that traits can predict _________ more accurately than leadership effectiveness
a. Leadership emergence
b. Extraversion in leaders
c. Leadership awareness
d. Leadership competence

389. Which one of the following is not implied in the definition of power?
a. Influence
b. Potential
c. Dependency
d. Actualization

390. The conflict-handling intention of accommodating is ________

a. assertive and uncooperative
b. assertive and cooperative
c. unassertive and uncooperative
d. unassertive and cooperative

391. Which department enforces the standards set out in the Occupational Safety and Health Act?
a. Department of Health Services
b. Department of Labor
c. Department of Defense
d. Department of Financial Services
392. Family issues, economic problems, and personality characteristics are examples of the __________ factor of
potential stress
a. Social
b. Environmental
c. Personnel
d. Personal

393. The ___________ form of union security means that it is up to the workers whether or not they join the union
and only those who join must pay dues.
a. Closed shop
b. Union shop
c. Agency shop
d. Open shop

394. The dimension of assertiveness refers to situations ________

a. in which one party attempts to satisfy his/her own concerns
b. in which there is an expression of competition
c. involving a major behavior change
d. that lead to conflict

395. Which of the following benefits could be awarded as workers’ compensation?

a. Cash benefit
b. Medical services
c. Time off with pay
d. a and b

396. Following are all included in \'Statistical Approach\' of forecasting, EXCEPT:

a. Trend analysis
b. Sensitivity analysis
c. Ratio analysis
d. Regression analysis

397. Strengths’ & ‘Weaknesses’ are ____________________ to an organization.

a. Important
b. Internal
c. External
d. Central

398. Which of the following statement best reflects the Job analysis?
a. Conceptual process
b. Written statement
c. Recruitment method
d. Legal clause

399. Which of the following constraint does NOT affect the recruiting efforts?
a. Compensation of the job
b. Image of the organization
c. Internal organizational policies
d. None of the given options

400. Which of the following term contains information regarding machines & equipments used at workplace?
a. Job analysis
b. Job specification
c. Job description
d. Job evaluation

401. psychological condition in which a person is put into a deep sleep-like state, while still remaining awake. It
can be used to relieve pain & stress is called:
 a. Hypnosis
b. Biofeedback
c. Transcendental mediation
d. Burnout

402. Employees quit the organizations at their own choice through:

a. Outplacement, restructuring
b. Discharging, layoff
c. Transfer, demotion
d. Resigning, retirement

403. According to which of the following it is better to convince the employees to abide by the company’s rules,
rather than promptly responding with written or oral warnings to employees?
a. Hot stove rule
b. Positive discipline
c. Progressive discipline
d. Implied discipline

404. General practice carried out by Mr. Aslam is to encourage the participation of his subordinates while making
departmental decisions. He is therefore said to be:
a. Involved in practicing his referent power
b. Involved in practicing legitimate power
c. Involved in a leadership process
d. Involved in making efforts to get favors from employees

405. CEO has appointed Amjad to lead the current project as he has the talent to handle critical situations with an
ease which enhances the followers’ morale as well. He is said to be a successful leader as per:
a. Leadership Theory
b. Trait Theory
c. Behavioral Theory
d. Motivational Theory

406. Creating conditions for a team to be effective is the responsibility of a(n):

a. Leader
b. Employee
c. Organization
d. HR department

407. United Nations sent a rescue team in the supervision of Mr. Kim from Geneva to the northern areas of
Pakistan affected by the destructive earthquake of 2005. Mr. Kim is a/an:
a. Parent-country national
b. Host-country national
c. Third-country national
d. Local-country national

408. Employee handbook is a tool used for:

a. Communicating rules & policies within an organization
b. Providing information to stakeholders outside the organization
c. Manipulating the competitors with false information
d. Providing information about salary scale only

409. Organizational guarantee about the job security is a functional form of:
a. Statutory law
b. Contractual law
c. Public policy
d. Management rights
410. Organizations are bound to pay its employees at least the defined minimum wage as per government decision.
This obligation resulted because:
a. It is necessary to build goodwill
b. It is the statutory right of an employee
c. It enhances the market share of a company’s product
d. It provides benefits to all of its stakeholders

411. BEST indicator of an effective safety and health program of an organization is:
a. Employees do not feel hesitant while sharing their problems
b. Employees feel motivated to perform well and show loyalty
c. Employees feel honor that organization is concerned about their problems
d. Employees do not face injuries and illnesses on regular basis

412. physical or psychological condition induced in workers by overwork or overexposure to stress in the
workplace, is known as:
a. Exhaustion
b. Burnout
c. Collapse
d. Fatigue

413. The major concern of the organizations during 1990s was:

a. Productivity
b. Efficiency
c. Quality
d. All of the given options

414. While developing laws, management should be able to:

a. Implement laws by force
b. Modify as per requirement
c. Defend their decisions
d. Easily convey among employees

415. Part-time workers, temporaries, independent contractors; all fall under which of the given category?
a. Conditional workers
b. Transitory workers
c. Interim workers
d. Contingent workers

416. Under which managerial function, managers ensure goal attainment?

a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Leading
d. Controlling

417. GHOSIA BUILDERS is a construction company; construct official & residential buildings, you are appointed
to evaluate the performance of its employees, what method you will select for their evaluation?
a. Project based method
b. Focal point method
c. Anniversary method
d. Base timings method

418. According to which of the following appraisal method, a set of compensable aspects are identified for
determining the job worth
a. Essay method
b. Ranking method
c. Classification method
d. Factor comparison method

419. Majority of accidents at workplace occurred due to which of the given reasons?
 a. Toxic environment
b. Employee negligence
c. Unsafe equipment
d. Poor ventilation

420. When an employee’s personal characteristics such as age, race, and gender influence supervisor’s evaluation
of his or her performance, which of the following problem can be occurred?
a. Biasness
b. Stereotyping
c. Halo affect
d. Strictness

421. Which one of the following is an example of downward communication?

a. Birthday parties & official dinners
b. Customers\' responses through telephone calls
c. Monthly performance discussion meetings
d. Company\'s prospectus for stakeholders

422. All of the followings are characteristics of a well-functioning and effective groups, EXCEPT:
a. Members are relaxed and comfortable
b. Members express their feelings & ideas
c. Conflict & disagreement are made on ideas not individuals
d. Tasks to be performed are ambiguous & accepted

423. Which of the following specifies the relative value of each job in an organization?
a. Job analysis
b. Job description
c. Job specification
d. Job evaluation

424. Which of the following is a unique form of recruitment where every employee becomes a company\'s
recruiter?
a. Employee referrals
b. Walk-in-applicants
c. Trade associations
d. Foreign nationals
425. Performance is a function of:
a. Ability, effort, opportunity
b. Ability, expectancy, salary
c. Ability, skill, knowledge
d. Motivation, attractiveness, support

426. Company’s financial statements represent which of the following?

a. Customer satisfaction
b. Material wastage
c. Monthly sales growth
d. Product life-cycle

427. Under which of the following methods of jobs evaluation, jobs are arranged in an order?
a. Ranking method
b. Classification method
c. Factor comparison method
d. Point factor method
428. \"Higher efforts should be rewarded with higher rewards\"; which of the following theory focuses this
statement?
a. Motivational theory
b. Performance theory
 c. Competancy theory
d. Equity theory
429. Which of the following is NOT included in the indirect benefits?
a. Medical assistance
b. Gain sharing
c. Pension plans
d. Paid vacations
430. Approximately, what percentage of the total payroll costs is contributed to benefits?
a. Up to 40%
b. Up to 10%
c. Up to 90%
d. Up to 80%
431. Which of the following is an example of \'Family-oriented benefits\'?
a. Offered share in company\'s stocks
b. Limited & flexible working hours
c. Availability of child & elder care centres
d. Equal career growth opportunities
432. Which incentive plan focuses on co-operation between managers and employees through sharing thier
problems, goals and ideas?
a. Improshare plan
b. Scanlon plan
c. Profit-sharing plan
d. Stock ownership plan
433. In the negotiation process, bargaining issues like wages, working hours, terms & conditions of employment
etc. all comes under:
a. Labor issues
b. Mandatory issues
c. Permissive issues
d. Prohibited issues

434. Mr. Yoong is a Chinese executive working in Zong Telecom Pakistan, a China based telecommunication
company. Mr. Yoong is therefore be classified as a/an:
a. Expatriate
b. Third-country national
c. Home-country national
d. Host-country national

435. Leadership will mostly be considered failed if:

a. Leaders are appointed by top management
b. Leader established high goals to be achieved
c. Leader also plays the role of a manager in an organization
d. Followers stop sharing their issues with a leader

436. Which of the following is a part of non-financial compensation?

a. Monthly commission
b. Employee autonomy
c. Stock option
d. Medical allowance
437. Which of the following does not signify the usefulness of conflict?
a. It brings life and creativity
b. It promotes goal achievement
c. It encourages organizational politics
d. It promotes change & synergy

438. One of the common disadvantages of using expatriates to fill foreign subsidiary management positions is that:
a. Expatriates are more expensive than using local managers
b. Expatriates are mostly indulged in informal relationships
 c. Expatriates focus unnecessarily on long-term projects
d. Expatriates bring a sense of policy implementation to the foreign facility
439. In Hawthorne studies which decisive factor was used in the variation of the workers’ performance?
a. Safety measures
b. Health condition
c. Light variation
d. Salary bonuses
440. Which of the following statement shows the starting point in strategic management process?
a. Analyzing current mission, strategies and objectives
b. Identifying opportunities and threats
c. Conducting an environmental scan
d. Identifying opportunities and weaknesses
441. The supplies or raw materials needed to create a product are called:
a. Outputs
b. Investments
c. Processes
d. Inputs
442. To maximize the speed of communication, managers should use which of the following networks?
a. Social
b. Neural
c. Chain
d. Wheel
443. Which of the following is selected by the source and may be formal for job-related messages or informal for
personal or social messages?
a. Message
b. Channel
c. Feedback
d. Noise

444. Tone of voice, posture and nonverbal facial expressions are examples of which of the following?
a. Body language
b. Feelings
c. Formal communication
d. Informal Communication

445. All of the following are advantages of oral communication EXCEPT:

a. It is easy to use
b. It is accurate
c. It facilitates feedback
d. It can be done with little preparation

446. Which of the following leaders provide vision and sense of mission, instill pride and gain the respect and
trust of their followers?
a. Transactional
b. Charismatic
c. Supportive
d. Directive

447. Impact of individuals\' behavior within an organization is studied under:

a. Organizational culture
b. Organizational norms
c. Organizational behavior
d. Organizational rules

448. Job analysis is performed to define:

a. Job description & job specification
b. Job specification & job position
 c. Organizational rules & policies
d. Job description & job duties

449. The group of tasks performed within an organization is known as:

a. Duty
b. Responsibility
c. Job
d. Position

450. Which of the following could result in a legally questionable appraisal process?
a. Conduct job analysis to establish criteria for successful performance
b. Base appraisals on subjective supervisory observations
c. Administer and score appraisals in a uniform manner
d. Use clearly defined job performance dimensions

451. Customer complaints & employee grievances can be used to:

a. Determine training needs
b. Deliver training contents to employees
c. Offer development packages
d. Ensure continuous learning

452. Which of the following involves channeling the behavior of all personnel to accomplish the organization\'s
mission and objectives while simultaneously helping them accomplish their own career objectives?
a. Planning
b. Organizing
c. Leading
d. Controlling

453. Initially the personnel department was only involved in:

a. Recruitment & selection
b. Compensation & benefits
c. Training & development
d. Scheduling vacations

454. The process of anticipating management needs, reviewing the skills inventory of a firm and creating
replacement charts, is known as:
a. Action planning
b. Management development
c. Management skills\' inventory
d. Succession planning

455. Which demographic group MOSTLY experiences the difficulty with career progress within Pakistan?
a. Women
b. Old men
c. Professionals
d. Young men

456. \'Monoo Textiles\' wants to encourage the involvement of women on the upper-level managerial positions.
Which of the following suggestions should Monoo Textiles consider?
a. Offering flexible work schedules
b. Providing additional financial benefits
c. Awarding seniority status
d. Facilitating with career success team

457. Which of the following helps an organization in defining and measuring the progress towards goal
achievement?
a. Key performance indicator
b. Adoptation to legal compliance
 c. Strong compensation system
d. Employee career planning

458. The first step in developing a behaviorally anchored rating scale is to:
a. Develop performance dimensions
b. Generate critical incidents
c. Re-allocate incidents
d. Scale incidents

459. \'Job evaluation\' served as a strong base for which of the following area of an organization?
a. Compensation packages
b. Training modules
c. Organizational policies
d. Rules & regulations

460. Which of the following is one of the disadvantages related to \"Factor Comparison Method\"?
a. Fixed compensable factors may lead to faulty results
b. More value can be assigned to factors than job’s actual worth
c. Useless for managerial jobs with subjective criteria
d. Not useful when jobs are different from each other

461. Communication within a project team, emerged from different grades and departments of an organization is
an example of:
a. Diagonal communication
b. Horizontal communication
c. Upward communication
d. Downward communication

462. The document having ‘terms & conditions of employment’ gets signed by the employee at the time of joining
to:
a. Review terms on regular basis
b. Maintain employee database
c. Satisfy the top management
d. Get employee’s written approval

463. Involuntary bodily pressures like heart beat rate are controlled through:
a. Biofeedback
b. Transcendental meditation
c. Hypnosis
d. Burnout

464. Farhan usually tries to create off-channel relationships with the high level bodies to:
a. Be an effective leader
b. Gain power through upward influence
c. Get quick promotions
d. Expand his interpersonal network

465. If the frequency of banned behavior of an employee increases, it is better to:

a. Provide employee some sort of counseling
b. Inform top management about it and take no action
c. Monitor employees’ behavior on regular basis
d. Increase the intensity of the disciplinary action against him

466. Mental and physical capacities of an individual to perform various tasks which come from knowledge,
learning, and experiences are termed as:
a. Perceptions
b. Emotions
c. Values
d. Abilities
467. Which of the following term is used to represent the employees’ disappointment with their management &
employers?
a. Arbitration
b. Mediation
c. Boycott
d. Grievance

468. All of the following could be goals of conflict, EXCEPT:

a. Satisfying monetary needs
b. Achieving special tasks
c. Attaining desired happiness
d. Avoiding employee grievances

469. The heart of a continuous effort designed to improve employee’s competency and organizational performance
is known as;
a. Development
b. Learning
c. Training
d. Relevance

470. Learning about oneself is referred as;

a. Self Actualization
b. Self Assessment
c. Self Reading
d. Self Rationalization

471. A method of career path that contains both a vertical sequence of jobs and a series of horizontal opportunities
is known as;
a. Traditional Career Path
b. Network Career Path
c. Lateral Skill Path
d. Dual-Career Path

472. When an individual sets career goals and identifies the means to achieve them, the process is known as;
a. Career Path
b. Career Planning
c. Career Short Sightedness
d. Career Development

473. Which of the following is not included in intrinsic rewards?

a. Promotion opportunities
b. Working conditions
c. Insurance
d. Interesting work
474. OWBPA stands for which of the following act?
a. Older Workers Benefit Protection Act
b. Older Women Benefit Protection Act
c. Older Wife Benefit Protection Act
d. Older Worth Benefit Protection Act
475. FMLA stands for which of the following act?
a. Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993
b. Family and Maternal Leave Act of 1993
c. Family and Mother Leave Act of 1993
d. Family and Mental Leave Act of 1993
476. POS stands for which of the following option?
a. Point-of-service
 b. Person-of-service
c. Point-of-solution
d. Personality-of-service
477. Which one of the following option describes the individuals’ capacity to influence decisions?
a. Span of control
b. Line authority
c. Staff authority
d. Power

478. The composition of managers’ experience, skills, abilities, and knowledge represents which type of power?
a. Rewarded power
b. Expert power
c. Referent power
d. Legitimate power
479. The traditional view about conflict explains the concept in which of the following way?
a. Evidence of a failure in management
b. Good for a group
c. Improves productivity
d. Cannot be evaded
480. Who has presented the theory of Existence Relatedness Growth (ERG)?
a. Alderfer
b. McGregor
c. Edward Thorndike
d. McClelland

481. Who has presented the Reinforcement Theory?

a. Alderfer
b. McGregor
c. Edward Thorndike
d. McClelland

482. Which of the following test is used by McClelland to prove his theory?
a. Thematic Apperception Test
b. Vibrant Test
c. Simulation Test
d. Personality Test

483. Which of the following term can be defined as “A state of mind, desire, energy or interest that translates into
action”?
a. Motivation
b. Stimuli
c. Resentment
d. Conation

484. What could be the reason behind linking HRM with the strategic goals & objectives of an organization?
a. Promote centralization
b. Foster innovation & flexibility
c. Support bureaucratic culture
d. Develop rigid policies

485. Ahmed, the supervisor of the manufacturing department, is in the process of evaluating his staff’s
performance. He has determined that 15% of the group will be identified as high performers, 20% as above
average performers, 30% as average performers, 20% as below average performers, and 15% as poor
performers. He is using a _____ method.
a. Graphic rating scale
b. Constant sum ranking scale
c. Forced distribution
d. Alternation ranking
486. ABC Company is currently hiring employees from different provinces of a country. ABC Company is said to
be implementing _______________.
a. Decentralization
b. Downsizing
c. Diversity
d. Retrenchment
487. As an HR manager you have collected and reviewed the information\\data related to a particular job, while
conducting the job analysis. What will be your next step in this situation?
a. Maintaining and updating the jobs
b. Identify objectives of job analysis
c. Identify the job to be analyzed
d. Draft job description & job specification

488. Which of the following is considered as the MOST reliable data collection source needed for job analysis?
a. Experienced job analyst
b. Top leading managers
c. Employees of that particular job
d. Head of the department
489. Which of the following expression defines \"Productivity\"?
a. Effectiveness x Efficiency
b. Effectiveness / Efficiency
c. Effectiveness - Efficiency
d. Effectiveness + Efficiency

490. Individual\'s behavior comprises of:

a. Heritage
b. Perception
c. Emotions
d. All of the given options

491. Which one is NOT the reason of joining groups by people?

a. To get affiliation
b. To gain power
c. To get security
d. To get promotions

492. Musharaf Government has increased women\'s reserved seats to 30% in the parliment. What does it represent?
a. Increase total number of seats
b. Decrease number of seats for men
c. Ensure affirmative action
d. Enhance equal employment opportunity

493. Socialization is a process of :

a. Enhancement
b. Development
c. Introduction
d. Evaluation

494. Ali is dissatisfied with his current job, therefore is considering to change his career. What should he do before
changing the occupation?
a. Monitor the salary difference of the alternative jobs
b. Compare his ideal job to his current job
c. Adjust with the current job, as switching could be risky
d. Directly switch the occupation, nothing need to be done

495. Sometimes an employee feels happy with his existing occupation and the current employer, but finds that the
job is not organized in an optimal way. What action might be recommended for that employee?
a. Immediately switch the job
b. Enhance contacts outside the company
c. Consider alternative work arrangements
 d. All of the given options

496. Which of the following performance appraisal method is worthless, when jobs are entirely different from each
other?
a. Ranking method
b. Factor comparison method
c. Classification method
d. Point factor method

497. Which of the following constraints should be considered while designing any pay plan?
a. Legal obligations
b. Union bodies
c. Equity factor
d. All of the given options

498. Which of the following criteria is said to be essential for an effective communication?
a. Sender and receiver are using the same code\\language
b. At least two people are involved & willing to communicate
c. A channel to communicate should be present
d. All of the given options

499. Which of the following factor can not be considered as benefits of health and safety program?
a. Reduced absenteeism
b. Increased productivity
c. Controlled litigation
d. High market share

500. All of the following would be considered appropriate practices for creating smoke-free environment in an
organization, EXCEPT:
a. Banning smoking completely
b. Refusing to hire chain smokers
c. Designating special areas as smoking rooms
d. Restricting smoking in designated areas

501. University administration has provided students with the evaluation forms to be filled, in order to evaluate the
performance of faculty members. This action of university management is represented as:
a. Distributive justice
b. Due process
c. Just cause
d. Procedural justice

502. Lack of concentration among employees is indicated as:

a. Short-term physical symptom of stress
b. Long-term physical symptom of stress
c. Behavioral symptom of stress
d. Internal symptom of stress

503. There are multiple outlets of Shezan Bakers & Confectioners in different areas of Lahore. The management of
Shezan Bakers states that “We are the leading bakers & confectioners of Lahore for over two decades”. Their
statement depicts that Shezan is a/an:
a. Domestic organization
b. International organization
c. Multinational organization
d. Transnational organization

504. “Leaders are born not made”. Which of the following theory depicts the given statement?
a. Trait Theory
b. Situational Theory
c. Behavioral Theory
 d. Motivational Theory

505. Mr. Ali is perceived to be the best counselor among all of his followers. Thus, what kind of a leader Ali is?
a. Influential
b. Self-confident
c. Charismatic
d. Knowledgeable

506. Overstating the performance records by an employee in front of management is considered which of the
following?
a. Theft
b. Damage
c. Dishonesty
d. Insubordination

507. According to which of the following an indiviual can be asked for the written explanation for the first offense
of severe nature?
a. Hot stove rule
b. Positive discipline
c. Progressive discipline
d. Implied discipline

508. \'Nirala Sweets\' has recently opened one of its outlets in London. This move has classified Nirala Sweets as
a/an:
a. Domestic organization
b. International organization
c. Multinational organization
d. Transnational organization

509. JJP Enterprise seeks to attract one of its managers to move to Gawadar to manage the working of its
subsidiary in Gawadar. The firm will likely need to offer a ________________ in addition to a manager’s base
salary.
a. Cost-of-living allowance
b. Bonus
c. Hardship allowance
d. Tax equalization adjustment

510. Which one of the following is not a function of HRM department which helps in training and development
program?
a. Provide employee orientation training
b. Contribute to management development programs
c. Monetary satisfaction
d. Provide training and development.

511. Which of the following refers to creating an artificial learning environment that approximates the actual job
conditions as much as possible?
a. Committee Assignments
b. Simulations
c. Outdoor Training
d. Seminars

512. Which of the following is not included in extrinsic rewards?

a. Salary
b. Promotion opportunities
c. Wage
d. Recreation

513. Written warnings are received by the employees from the human resource department under the progressive
discipline procedure belong to which offence ?
 a. Second offense
b. Third offense
c. Fourth offense
d. First offense

514. Which of the following refers to the compensation method that recommends that person should be paid
according to the quantity or quality of his work?
a. Empowerment
b. Job appraisal
c. Pay for Performance
d. Job acknowledgement

515. Collective-bargaining process can’t be completed with out negotiations. What do management and union
ensure?
a. That conflict is contained within manageable boundaries
b. Agreement between all parties sould not be involved
c. That conflict is always resolved by force
d. It achieves a set of lasting agreements

516. Which of the following is the inner drive that directs a person’s behavior toward goals?
a. Motivation
b. Stimuli
c. Resentment
d. Conation