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Database

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mickylla0vdelavega
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2 views

Database

Reviewer pra sa database

Uploaded by

mickylla0vdelavega
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database

CAST – converts an expression of one data type to another.

SQL (Structured Query Language) – a computer language for storing, manipulating, and retrieving
data stored in a relational database.

NoSQL - Stands for “Not only SQL” is generally used to describe a new generation of DBMS that is
not based on the traditional relational database model and has been developed to address the
challenges represented by Big Data.

In EXISTS operator – used to check whether a subquery produces any rows of query results.
Commonly used with correlated subqueries.

Views – a virtual table that is constructed from other tables or views and saved as an object in the
database. Has no data of its own, but obtains data from tables or other views.

A lock guarantees exclusive use of data item to a current transaction.

A deadlock occurs when two (2) transactions wait indefinitely for each other to unlock data.

Active state - in this state, a transaction stays in this state to perform READ and WRITE operations.

Uncommitted data – occurs when two transactions, T1 and T2, are executed concurrently, and the
first transaction (T1) is rolled back after the second transaction (T2) has already accessed the
uncommitted data.

Data mining – a process of discovering meaningful new correlations, patterns, and trends by mining
a large amount of data. Data mining tools are used to make this process automatic.

Integrated – The DW creates consistency among different data types from different sources.

Privileges – This refers to the rights of users to manipulate objects. These privileges start with
SELECT, INSERT, DELETE, and UPDATE, ALTER, INDEX, AND REFERENCES for database objects.

Variety – In a big data context, it refers to the vast array of formats and structures in which the data
may be captured.

Key-value (KV) database: It is the simplest of the NoSQL data models. It stores data as a collection
of key-value pairs.
Database – MongoDB groups collections into databases. A single instance of MongoDB can
host several databases, each of which can be thought of as completely independent.

Collections – can be thought of as a table with a dynamic schema.

Document – is the basic unit of data for MongoDB, roughly equivalent to a row in a relational
database management system (but much more expressive).

Inserting Documents: Inserts are the basic method for adding data to MongoDB. To insert
a single document, use the collection’s insertOne method

Updating Documents: Once a document is stored in the database, it can be changed using
one of several update methods: updateOne, updateMany, and replaceOne.

The find() method is used to perform queries in MongoDB. Querying returns a subset of
documents in a collection.

Removing Documents: MongoDB provides deleteOne and deleteMany for this purpose. To
delete the document with the "_id" value of 4, we use deleteOne in the mongo shell.

If we want to remove the “favorite book” key altogether, we can use the “$unset” operator.

> db.users.updateOne({"name" : "John"}, {"$unset" : {"favorite book" : 1}})

$all: If you need to match arrays by more than one element, you can use "$all"

$size - matches any array with the number of elements specified by the argument.

db.food.find({"fruit" : {"$size" : 3}})

$slice - an operator that can be used to return a subset of elements for an array key

Public cloud – This type of cloud infrastructure is built by a third-party organization to sell
cloud services to the general public.

Private cloud – This type of internal cloud is built by an organization for the sole purpose of
servicing its own needs.

Platform as a Service (PaaS) – The cloud service provider offers the capability to build and
deploy consumer-created applications using the provider’s cloud infrastructure.

Software as a Service (SaaS) – The cloud service provider offers turnkey applications that
run in the cloud.

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