Welcome to Math Class

Ms. Geralyn S. Agor

 Objectives
• At the end of the lesson, you are expected to factor
completely the different polynomials with:

1. Common Monomial Factor

2. Difference of two squares
3. Sum and Difference of two cubes
4. Perfect square trinomials
5. General trinomials and solve problem involving factors
of polynomials
 Review
• Multiply the factors in Column A, then match the product to
Column B. Do it in your notebook

Column A Column B
1.3x (2x - 5) A. 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦 + 4𝑦 2
2. 𝑥 + 2𝑦 2 B. 3𝑥 2 + 11𝑥𝑦 + 6𝑦 2
3. (x - 3)(x + 2) C. 6𝑥 2 − 15𝑥
4.(3x + 2y)(x + 3y) D. 𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 6
5. (x - 4)(x + 4) E. 𝑥 2 − 16
Give atleast three common physical or behavioural
traits among your family?
What are the things common to each set of pictures?
 Factoring Polynomials

Factoring – is an inverse process of multiplication,

through factoring we write polynomials in simpler
form and use it as a way of solving the roots of an
equation.
 There are different ways of factoring depending on
the type of polynomials being factored.

1. First determine if a common monomial factor

(Greatest Common Factor) exists.

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

-refers to the common factor having the greatest
numerical factor and with variables having the
least degree
Example

6x2 and 15x4

6x2 x2 2
: 1,2,3.6, 6x2 : 2 ⋅ 3 ⋅ 𝑥
15x4 : 1,15,3,5, x4 15𝑥 4 : 3 ⋅ 5 ⋅ 𝑥 4
GCF: 3x2 GCF: 3x2
Common Monomial Factor- is a number, a variable or a combination
of number and variable which can be found in each term of a given
polynomial.
To factor polynomial with common monomial factor, expressed the
given polynomials a product of the common monomial factor and
the quotient obtained when the given polynomial is divided by the
common monomial factor,
Example:
1. xy + xz
2. 5𝑛2 + 15𝑛
3.27𝑦 2 + 9𝑦 − 18
4. 10 a + 5
Illustrative example

1.xy +xz 3. 27y2 + 9y -18

Get the GCF= X Get the GCF= 9

Divide the xy +xz by x Divide the 27y2 + 9y -18 by 9

Quotient: y+z
Quotient: (3y2 + y – 2)
Thus xy +xz = x (y+z)
Thus . 27y2 + 9y -18 = 9 (3y2 + y – 2)

2. 5n2 + 15n
4. 10 a + 5
Get the GCF=5n
Get the GCF= 5
Divide the 5n2 + 15n by 5n
Divide the 10a + 5
Quotient : (n +3)
Quotient: (2a +1)
Thus 5n2 + 15n = 5n (n + 3) Thus 5(2a +1)
Factoring the Difference
of Two Squares
Tell whether the following number is a perfect square or not.
Write Yes if it is a perfect square and No if it is not.

1.25 Yes 6.60 No

7. 100 Yes
2. 75 No

3. 81 Yes 8. 64 Yes

4. 40 No 9. 88 No

5. 144 Yes 10. 121 Yes

 Rewrite each number in exponential form

1. 25 5x5= 52 4. 100 10 x 10 = 102

2. 81 9 x 9 = 92 5. 64 8 x 8 = 82

3. 144 12 x 12 = 122 6. 121 11 x 11= 112

Difference of Two Squares
If x and y are real numbers, variables or algebraic expressions, then

The difference of two squares, is the product of sum and difference of

those terms
x2 -y2 =

x 2 -y2 = (x+y) (x-y)

1st term
2nd term Factored form
Given: 9x2 -25 y2

Rewrite as difference of
(3x) 2 – (5y) 2
two squares

Copy the first and 3x 5y (3x +5) (3x -5y)

second term

Factored Form (3x +5y) (3x -5y)

Given: 4x2 -81

Rewrite as difference of
(2x) 2 – (9) 2
two squares

Copy the first and

second term 2x 9 (2x +9) (2x -9)

Factored Form (2x +9) (2x -9)

Try this 1. 81m2 -4n4 p6

(9m)2 –(2n2 p3)2

(9m +2n2 p3) (9m -2n2 p3)

2. -49x8 + 25
25 -49 x8
(5)2 – (7x4)2
( 5- 7x4) (5 + 7x4)
 Factoring Sum and
Difference of Two Cubes
Tell whether the following number is a perfect cube or not.

1. 8 Perfect cube 6.60 No

2. 25 Not 7. 125 Perfect cube

3. 64 8. 72 Not
Perfect cube

4. 40 9. 216 Perfect cube

Not
5. 27 Perfect cube 10. 343 Perfect cube
 Evaluate each exponential notation

1. 23 =2 x 2 x 2 4. 53 =5 x 5 x 5
8 125
2. 43 =4 x 4 x 4 5. 63 =6 x 6 x 6
64 216

3. 33 =3 x 3 x 3 6. 73 =7 x 7 x 7
27 343
 Sum of two cubes: The sum of the cubes of two terms is equal to the

sum of the two terms multiplied by the sum of the squares of these

terms minus the product of these two terms.

Last term F L F2 𝐹 ⋅ 𝐿 L2
(a2 -ab + b2)
a3 + b3 = (a+b)
First Term

Factored form
8x3 + 27y3 = (2x + 3y ) (4x2 -6xy + 9y2)

a3 + 64 = (a + 4 ) (a2 -4a + 16)

(4b 2 -6bc + 9c2)

3
8b + 27c 3 = (2b + 3c )
Difference of two cubes: The difference of the cubes of two

terms is equal to the difference of the two terms multiplied by

the sum of the squares of these two terms plus the product of

these two terms.

a3 - b3 = (a-b) (a2 +ab + b2)

 x3 – 64 = (x - 4) (x2 + 4x + 16)

27d3 – e3 = (3d - e) (9d2 + 3de + e2)

8 e3 f6 – 125 g3 = (2ef2 – 5g) (4e2f4+ 10ef2g + 25g2)

64 – p6 = (4 – p2) (16 + 4p2 + p4)

= (2 +p) (2-p) (16 + 4p2 + p4)
Factoring perfect square
trinomials
Tell whether the following expression is a perfect square trinomial
or not.

1. x2 + 2xy + y2 Perfect square trinomial

2. 4x2 + 20x + 25 Perfect square trinomial

3. x2 + 5x + 6 not

4. 9x2 + 30xy + 25 y2 Perfect square trinomial

5. 4x2 + 2xy + y2 not

 Perfect Square Trinomials
First Term Middle Term Last Term

PERFECT SQUARE TWICE THE PRODUCT of first PERFECT SQUARE

(Positive) and last term (Positive)

1. x2 + 2xy + y2 (x)2 2(xy) (y)2

2. 4x2 + 20x + 25 (2x)2 2(10x) (5)2

3. x2 + 5x + 6 (not)

4. 9x2 + 30xy + 25 y2 (3x)2 2(15xy) (5y)2

5. 4x2 + 2xy + y2 (not)

Factoring Perfect Square Trinomials
First Last First Last 𝑥+𝑦
𝑥+𝑦
1.(x2 +2xy + y2) =(x + y)2
𝑥 2 + 𝑥𝑦
Factored Form 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2
𝑥 2 + 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦2
2.(x2 -2xy + y2) =(x - y)2
FACTOR the following:

1. x2 +10x + 25 = (x + 5)2

2. 16x2 +72x + 81 = (4x + 9)2

3. x2 + 6x + 9 = (x + 3)2
4. x2 -22x + 121 = (x - 11)2

5. 25m2 -20mn + 4n2 = (5m – 2n)2

What if the given trinomials equation is not a perfect square trinomials?

27a2 + 72ab + 48b2

Perfect Square Trinomial

Factor out: 3 = 3 (9a2 + 24 ab + 16 b2)

Factor formed: = 3 (3a+ 4b)2

Given: 4x3 -24x2 + 36x

Perfect Square Trinomials

Factor out: 4x = 4x (x2 – 6x + 9)

Factor formed = 4x (x – 3)2

 Square of a binomial:

a. the square of the first term;

b. twice the product of the first and the last terms; and

c. the square of the last term

(a + b )2 (x + 3 )2 (2x – 5y)2
= a2 + 2ab + b2 = x2 + 6x + 9 = 4x2 -20xy +25y2
Question :What fruit is the main product of Tagaytay City?
You will match the products in Column A with the factors in Column B to decode
the answer. Column A Coulumn B

6𝑥 2 + 3𝑥𝑦 E: 3x (2x+y)
24abx+20ab A: 5x (3x+4)
15𝑥 2 𝑦 − 6𝑥𝑦 P: 3xy (5x-2)
36ab +60b L: 4ab (6x+5)
18𝑎3 − 24𝑎2 E: 6𝑎2 (3𝑎 − 4)
12𝑥 2 𝑦 + 12𝑦 2 + 12𝑥𝑦𝑧 N: 12b (3a +5)
3𝑥 4 − 6𝑥 3 𝑦 P: 4mn (4x+7)
9𝑥 2 + 9𝑥𝑦 I: 12xy (x+y+z)
16mnx + 28mn M: 9x( x+y)
15𝑥 2 + 20𝑥 P: 3𝑥 3 (𝑥 − 2𝑦)

3 6 4 1 10 7 9 2 5