Olympiad 11 - Part Test 3

Questions

1. Number of triples (x, y, z) of three non-negative integers satisfying the system of equations
2x + 3y + 5z = 16 (i)
3x − y − 10z = 1 (ii)

2. Suppose x y z – a b c x2 y2 z2
a + b
+ c = √2 and x + y
+ z
= 0. Find a2
+ 2
+ c2
?
b

3. It is given that √−
a − √b = 5, where a and b are real numbers. Find the maximum possible value of a − 6b ?

15
4. (x2 +3x−4) (x−3)
26
Number of integral values of x satisfy 18 ⩽0
(x2 +2x−8)

5. Number of integral values of x satisfy

2
(x+2)(x2 +2x+1) 4
4+3x−x2
⩾0 & x ⩽ −1

6. Let PQRS be a rectangle with PQ = 10 and QR = 6. Let K be the point on QR with QK = 5, and let L be the point on segment PK such that L lies halfway between the segments PQ and
RS. If M is the point of intersection of SL and QR find QM.

7. Let a, b, c and d be Integers with a < 2b, b < 3c, c < 4d, d < 100. If the largest possible value of a is m, find sum of digits of m.

8. How many 5-digit natural numbers formed by 1, 2, 3, 4 such that the number is divisible by 9 and contained exactly two fours.

9. On holiday in the Pacific, Julie is about to send postcards to friends in Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia. In the local money, stamps for Australia cost 50c, for New Zealand
60c and for New Caledonia 80c. Half the postcards are going to Australia and the total cost of stamps will be $14(1$ = 100c) . How many postcards is she sending?

10. What is the remainder, in base 10, when 247 + 3647 + 437 + 127 + 17 is divided by 6?

11. Compute the last two digits of 92020 + 920202 +. . . +920202020 .

12. Pentagon PQRST has PQ = QR = RS = ST, ∠ PQR = ∠ QRS = 108°, and ∠ RST = 168°. Find the measure of angle ∠ QTP in degrees.

13. ABCD is square, and X is point inside with XD = √7 , XA =3, XB = 5. If ∠AXD = x°, find sum of digits of x.
–

14. Find the largest integer n, where 2009n divides 200820092010 + 201020092008

15. The number of triples (a, b, c) of positive integers satisfying

2a – 5b7c = 1 is

16. If pn has five positive divisors and sum of these divisors is equal to square of an integer. Find the number of possible values of p. Here p is a prime number.

17. Find the sum of all-natural number n such that √n2 + 68n + 1245 is an integer?
−−−−−−−−−−−−−

18. Find the number of integer pairs (x, y) such that 4x3 – 11x2y + 22xy2 – 12y3 – 108x + 81y = 0. Here x, y are positive integers less than 100.

19. Given that ∆ PQR is an isosceles right triangle with PR = QR and ∠ PRQ = 90°. M is a point on PR and N is on the extension of QM such that PN ⊥ QN. If PN = QM/2, Find
2
3
∠NP M in degree.

20. Let x, y be real numbers such that

x+y=3
x4 + y4 = 887.
Find -xy?

21. find x in degree.

22. We define n! as the product of the integers from 1 to n, and 0! Is defined as 1. Note that 40585 = 4! + 0! + 5! + 8! + 5! There is one three-digit number that can be written in this way.
The sum of its three digits is

23. In an isosceles triangle PQR, PQ = QR, ∠Q = 20° M, N are on PQ and QR respectively such that ∠MRP = 60°, ∠NPR = 50°. Find ∠NMR in degrees.

24. Let x and y be real numbers satisfying x4y5 + y4x5 = 810 and x3y6 + y3x6 = 945. Evaluate 2x3 + (xy)3 + 2y3.

25. Let x and y are real numbers such that x2 + y2 = 6x – 8y + 11. What is the largest possible
−−−−−−
value of √x2 + y 2 .

5 –
26. Let w = 1 + √ 5 – 5 – 5− − 1 30
2+√ 4+√ 8+√ 16 . Find the value of (1 + w)

27. Find the sum of last three digits of 1261022 ?

28. What is the sum of all natural numbers n such that the product of the digits of n (in base 10) is equal to n2 – 14n – 44?

29. Find the number of all non-negative integral pairs (x, y) for which (xy – 7)2 = x2 + y2 – 4.

30. Given that ABC is an equilateral triangle of side 3, ∆BDC is isosceles with DB = DC outward of ∆ABC and ∠BDC = 120°. If points M and N are on AB and AC respectively such that
∠MDN = 60°, find the perimeter of ∆AMN.
Answer Key

1. 1.00 2. 2.00 3. 30.00 4. 6.00 5. 3.00 6. 1.00

7. 18.00 8. 0.00 9. 24.00 10. 2 11. 20 12. 24.00
13. 9.00 14. 2009 15. 0 16. 1.00 17. 10.00 18. 25.00
19. 15.00 20. 13.00 21. 20 22. 10 23. 30.00 24. 89.00
25. 11.00 26. 64.00 27. 16.00 28. 17.00 29. 2.00 30. 6.00

Solutions

1. (1.00)
By eliminating a variable from the system, the question will be- come one with two variables 2 × (i) + (ii) yields
7x + 5y = 33
Since 7(x – 4) + 5(y – 1) = 0, then x = 4, y = 1 is special solution. So, the general solution is
x = 4 + 5t, y = 1 – 7t, t ∈ Z
Since y ⩾ 0, so t ⩽ 0 But x ⩾ 0 implies t ⩾ 0, so t = 0 is the unique permitted value of t. Thus, x = 4, y = 1 and z = 1 from (i)

2. (2.00)
+ 2 abc ( zc + + yb ) .
y 2 x2 y2 z2 xy yz x2 y2 z2 xyz
2 = ( xa + + zc ) = a2
+ 2
+ c2
+ 2 ( ab + + zx
) = a2
+ 2
+ a
b b bc ca b b2 x
x2 y2 z2
So
a2
+ + = 2.
b2 c2

3. (30.00)
−
√a = √b + 5
a = b + 25 + 10√b
a − 6b = 25 + 10√b − 5b
2
a − 6b = 25 − 5(√b − 1) + 5
a − 6b ⩽ 30.

4. (6.00)
15 15 26
(x+4) (x−1) (x−3)
18 18 ⩽0
(x+4) (x−2)
(x−1)15 (x−3)26
3 18 ⩽0
(x+4) (x−2)

5. (3.00)
4
(x+2)(x+1)
x2 −3x−4
⩽0
(x+2)(x+1)4
(x−4)(x+1)
⩽0

x ∈ (−∞, −2] ∪ (−1, 4) . . . . . . . (i)

4+x
x ⩽0
x ∈ [−4, 0). . . . . (ii)
From (i) and (ii)
x = -4, -3, -2

6. (1.00)

Note that since L is a point halfway between PQ and RS, the diagram must be symmetric about the line through L parallel to PQ. Hence, M must be the reflection of K across the midpoint of
QR. Therefore, QM = RK = 1.

7. (18.00)
If d < 100. then d ≤ 99. Then c < 4d ≤ 4 • 99 = 396. so c ≤ 395. Then b < 3c ≤ 3 • 395 = 1185, so b ≤ 1184. Finally, a < 2b ≤ 2 • 1184 = 2368, so a ≤ 2367. Furthermore, the values a = 2367, b
= 1184, c = 395, and d = 99 satisfy the conditions in the problem, so the maximum value of a is 2367.

8. (0.00)
Let S(n) be the sum of the digits of n. For any admissible n we observe that 11 ≤ S(n) ≤ 17 and hence there is no value of S(n) that is a multiple of 9. Thus no such n exists.

9. (24.00)
Say that Julie is sending c postcards to New Caledonia and z to New Zealand. Then she is sending c + z to Australia. The total cost will be 50(c + z) + 60z + 80c = 130c +110z cents. This
must equal $14 = 1400 cents, so we have 130c + 110z = 1400, or equivalently
13c + 11z = 140.
Observe that 13 – 11 = 2 and 10 .13 = 130, so that we have
140 = 5(13 – 11) +10 . 13
= 15 . 13 – 5 . 11
= (15 – 11t)13 + (–5 + 13t)11.
Hence, the general solution over the integers is
C = 15 – 11t, z = –5 + 13t,
Where t ∈ Z , for which only t= 1 gives c and z positive. Thus, we find the only solution is c = 4 and z = 8 so the total number of stamps is 4 + 8 + 12 = 24

10. (2)
247 + 3647 + 437 + 127 + 17 = 2.7 + 4 + 3.72 + 6.7 + 4 + 4.7 + 3 + 1.7 + 2 + 1
Remainder of (2 + 4 + 3 + 6 + 4 + 4 + 3 + 1 + 2 + 1)/7 = 2

11. (20)

12. (24.00)

Construct point U such that ∠RSU = 108o, ∠UST = 60o, and SU = ST. Then triangle TSU is equilateral. Note that QT is a line of symmetry for hexagon PQRSTU, so ∠QTU = 30o.
Furthermore, since ΔPTU is isosceles we see that ∠PTU = 6o. Thus ∠QTP = ∠QTU – ∠PTU = 24o.

13. (9.00)

Rotate the square about A by + 90°. Then B →B’ = D, C → C’. X → X’.

We have AX ⊥ AX’, |AX| = |AX’| = 3. Thus ∆AXX’ has ∠AXX’ = 45°.
– – 2 –2
Since |XX’| = 3√2 and (3√2) + √7 = 52 ,
⇒ (XX’)2 + DX2 = (DX’)2 we get XX’ ⊥ XD.
Thus ∠AXD = ∠AXX’ + ∠X’XD = 135°
x = 135
Sum of digits = 9

14. (2009)

15. (0)
(d) Say there exists a solutions, then
2a − 5b 7c = 1
⇒ (−1)a − (−1)b ≡ 1 mod 3
⇒ −1 − 1 ≡ 1 mod 3 (Only option)

And then
2a − 5b 7c = 1
⇒ 2a − 0 ≡ 1mod 5; a = 2k + 1
⇒ 4k .2 ≡ 1 mod 5
⇒ (−1)k .2 ≡ 1 mod 5
⇒ ±2 ≡ 1 mod 5(Not possible)

16. (1.00)
For fivie divisors n = 4
If p is a prime, then the sum of all positive integer divisors of p4 equals 1 + p + p2 + p3 + p4. If l + p + p2 + p3 + p4 = n2 where n is a positive integer, then we have obviously (2p2 + p)2 <
(2n)2 < (2p2 + p + 2)2, and it follows that we must have (2n)2 = (2p2 + p +1)2. Thus, 4n2 = 4p4 + 4p3 + 5p2 + 2p + l, and since 4n2 = 4(p4 + p3 + p2 + p + l), we have p2 – 2p – 3 = 0, which
gives p = 3. In fact, for p = 3 we obtain 1 + 3 + + 32 + 33 + 34 = 112. Thus, there exists only one prime p, namely p = 3, satisfying the conditions of problem.

17. (10.00)
(n + 34)2 < n2 + 68n + 1245 < (n + 36)2
n2 + 68n + 1245 is a perfect square
n2 + 68n + 1245 = (n + 35)2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (i)
On solving (i), we get
n = 10

18. (25.00)
This factors to (4x - 3y) (x2 + 4y2 – 2xy – 27) = 0
(4x - 3y) ((x – y)2 + 3y2 – 27) = 0. Therefore, we either have 4x - 3y = 0 or (x – y)2 + 2y2 = 27. In the second case, there is one solution (3, 3). In the first case, there are 24 solutions, in the
form of (3t, 4t), t < 25. The answer is 24 + 1 = 25.

19. (15.00)
Suppose that the lines PN, QR intersect at O. From PR = QR and that
∠ OPR = 90° - ∠ POR = ∠ NQO.

we have Rt∆ OPR ≅ Rt∆ MQR (S.A.), therefore

PO = MQ = 2PN, i.e. PN = NO. Thus, Rt∆ AEB ≅ Rt∆ FEB (S.A.S), hence ∠ PQN = ∠ OQN.
⇒ ∠ OQN = 22.5°
2 2
3
∠NP M = 3
× 22.5 = 15

20. (13.00)
4 2 2
Note that: x4 + y 4 = (x + y) − 4xy(x + y) + 2(xy)
Let P = xy be the product we can to solve for . Then the equation x4 + y4 = 1234 becomes:
887 = 81 − 36P + 2P 2
⇒ P 2 − 18P − 403 = 0
⇒ (P − 31) (P + 13) = 0
It follows that P = 31 or P = –13. If P is 31, then x and y are the roots of the quadratic X2 – 3X + 31, which are not real. Hence P = -13.

21. (20)
Mark a point F on AB, such that AF = a and BF = b. Draw FG such that FG = FC.

Clearly BCF is equilateral triangle.

If we consider ∆ AGF and ∆ ADE
∆ AFG ≅ ∆ DAE by SAS
⇒ ∠ EDA = ∠ GAF = 20°

22. (10)

23. (30.00)

Introduce MK || PR and connect PK. Suppose that RM, PK intersect at O, then both triangles OMK and OPR are equilateral. We have
∠ PNR = 180° - 80° - 50° = 50°,
OR = PR = RN.
∴ ∠ NRO = 80° - 60° = 20
∵∠ NOR = ½ (180° - 20°) = 80°,
∴ ∠ KON = 120° - 80° = 40°.
∵∠ OKN = 180° - 60° - 80° = 40°,
We obtain ON = KN, hence ∆ ONM ≅ ∆ KNM (S.S.S.), i.e.
∠NMC = ∠NMO = 12 ∠KMO = 30∘

24. (89.00)
let a = xy and b = x + y. Then a4b = 810........(i)
2
7 b −3a b2 25 6 2
Notice that x3 + y3 = (x + y)(x2 – xy + y2) = b(b2 – 3a). Now, if we divide the second equation by the first one, we get 6 = a ; then a = 6
. Therefore, a = 25
b .
53
Substituting a in equation (i) gives us b3 = 2
;

Then a3 = 33 × 2

2b(b2 – 3a) + a3 = 35 + 54 = 89

25. (11.00)
(x – 3)2 + (y + 4)2 = 36
x2 + y2 = 6(x – 3) - 8(y + 4) + 61
[6(x – 3) - 8(y + 4)]2 + [8(x – 3) + 6(y + 4)]2 = (62 + 82)[(x – 3)2 + (y + 4)2] = 3600
−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
6(x − 3) − 8(y + 4) = √3600 − (8(x − 3) + 6(y + 4))2 ⩽ 60
x2 + y2 = 6(x – 3) - 8(y + 4) + 61 ≤ 121
Max(x2 + y2) = 121

26. (64.00)
5 – 5 – 5 – 5− − 1 30
Let w = 1 + √ 2 + √4 + √ 8+√ 16 . Find the value of (1 + w)
.
–
Let y = √2 . Then y5 = 2. Therefore
5

30 30
1 1
(1 + ) = (1 + )
w 1 + y + y2 + y3 + y4
y − 1 30
= (1 + 5 )
y −1
y − 1 30
= (1 + )
2−1
= y30
= (y5)6 = 26 = 64.

27. (16.00)
First write 1000 as product of coprime numbers 1000 = 8 ⋅ 125,, now we have.
1261022 ≡ 0 ( mod 8) ,
And
1261022 ≡ (1)1022 ≡ 1 ( mod 125) .
1261022 ≡ 0 ( mod 8)
{ .
1261022 ≡ 1 ( mod 125)
From first congruence there exists ‘a’ such that 1261022 = 8a, so in second congruence we have
8a ≡ 1 ( mod 125) ,
i.e., there exists b such that 8a = 125b +1, looking at this modulo 8 we find that
3b ≡ 1 ( mod 8) ⇔ 3b ≡ 1 + 8 ( mod 8) ⇔ b ≡ 3 ( mod 8) . This means that there exists c such that b = 8c + 3, thus
1261022 = 125 (8c + 3) + 1 = 1000c + 376.
So the last three digits are 376.

28. (17.00)
Let product of digits of n be p(n)
Note : p(n) ⩽ n
let n = am 10m + am−1 10m−1 +. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . +a0
⩾ am 10m
⩾ am 9m
⩾ am am−1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . a0
= p (n)
Now n2 – 14n – 44 ≤ n
n2 – 15n – 44 ≤ 0
-2.5 ≤ n ≤ 17.5
Also p (n) ⩾ 0
n2 – 14n – 44 ≥ 0
(n - 17)(n + 3) ≥ 0
n ≤ -2.6 or n ≥ 16.6
from (i) and (ii)
n = 17

29. (2.00)
x2 y 2 − 14xy + 53 = x2 + y 2
(x + y)2 = 53 + (xy)2 − 12xy
(x + y)2 − (xy − 6)2 = 17
CASE I: x + y + xy – 6 = 17 & x + y – xy + 6 = 1 ⇒ x + y = 9, xy = 14
(7, 2), (2, 7) are the solutions
CASE II: x + y + xy – 6 = 1 & x + y – xy + 6 = 17
x + y = 9, xy = -2 ⇒ no solution
CASE III: x + y + xy –6 = –17 & x + y – xy + 6 = –1
x + y = – 9 & xy = 2 No solution for positive integers
CASE IV: x + y + xy – 6 = –1 & x + y – xy + 6 = –17
x + y = – 9 & xy = 14 No solution for positive integers

30. (6.00)
DCN → DBN’
∠ MDN’ = 60
ΔDN ′ M ≅ΔDNM (SAS)
MN = N’B+ BM
MN = NC + BM
AM + AN+ MN = AM + AN + NC+ BM
= AB + AC
=6