1 AS-04

P-12
Academic Session 2024 – 25
PHYSICS Code – 042
CLASS – XII
Maximum Marks: 70 Time Allowed: 3 hours
General Instructions:
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B,
Section C, Section D and Section E.
(3) All the sections are compulsory.
(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four
Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each, Section B contains
five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven
questions of three marks each, Section D contains two case study-
based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three
long answer questions of five marks each.
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been
provided in one question in Section B, one question in Section C,
one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in
Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such
questions.
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed.
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever
necessary:
i. 𝑐 = 3 × 108 𝑚/𝑠
ii. 𝑚𝑒 = 9.1 × 10−31 𝑘𝑔
iii. 𝑚𝑝 = 1.7 × 10−27 𝑘𝑔
iv. 𝑒 = 1.6 × 10−19 𝐶
v. µ0 = 4𝜋 × 10−7 𝑇 𝑚 𝐴−1
vi. ℎ = 6.63 × 10−34 𝐽 𝑠
vii. 𝜀0 = 8.854 × 10−12 𝐶 2 𝑁 −1 𝑚−2
viii. 𝐴𝑣𝑜𝑔𝑎𝑑𝑟𝑜’𝑠 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 = 6.023 × 1023 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒.
AS-04 2

[SECTION – A] (16x1=16 marks)

Q1. A point charge is surrounded symmetrically by six identical charges at
distance r as shown in the figure. How much work is done by the forces of
electrostatic repulsion when the point charge q at the centre is removed at
infinity
q q

q q
r

q
q

6𝑞2
(a) Zero (b)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟
𝑞2 12𝑞2
(c) (d)
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑟
Q2. There are two metallic spheres of same radii but one is solid and the
other is hollow, then
(a) Solid sphere can be given more charge.
(b) Hollow sphere can be given more charge.
(c) They can be charged equally (maximum).
(d) None of the above.
Q3. Which of the following has a negative temperature coefficient
(a) C (b) Fe
(c) Mn (d) Ag.
Q4. The magnetic field at the centre of current carrying coil is
𝝁𝟎 𝒏𝒊 𝜇0 𝑛𝑖
(a) (b)
𝟐𝒓 2𝜋 𝑟
𝜇0 𝑛𝑖
(c) (d) 𝜇0 𝑛𝑖.
4𝑟
Q5. The wing span of an aeroplane is 20 metres. It is flying in a field, where
the vertical component of magnetic field of earth is 5  10–5 tesla, with
velocity 360 km/h. The potential difference produced between the blades
will be
(a) 0.10 V (b) 0.15 V
 3 AS-04

(c) 0.20 V (d) 0.30 V

𝜋
Q6. If a current I given by 𝐼0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝜔𝑡 − ) flows in an ac circuit across which
2
an ac potential of 𝐸 = 𝐸0 𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝜔𝑡 has been applied, then the power
consumption P in the circuit will be
𝐸0 𝐼0
(a) 𝑃 = (b) 𝑃 = √2𝐸0 𝐼0
√2
𝐸0 𝐼0
(c) 𝑃 = (d) P = 0.
2
Q7. Which of the following is used to investigate the structure of crystal?
a. Gamma Rays b. Infrared Rays
c. X-Rays d. Cosmic Rays.
Q8. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes
given below the lists:
List I List II
(Position of the object) (Magnification)
(I) An object is placed at focus before a (A) Magnification is −∞
convex mirror
(II) An object is placed at centre of curvature (B) Magnification is 0.5
before a concave mirror
(III) An object is placed at focus before a (C) Magnification is +1
concave mirror
(IV) An object is placed at centre of (D) Magnification is – 1
curvature before a convex mirror
(E) Magnification is 0.33

Codes:
(a) I-B, II-D, III-A, IV-E (b) I-A, II-D, III-C, IV-B
(c) I-C, II-B, III-A, IV-E (d) I-B, II-E, III-D, IV-C
Q9. Two coherent sources of light can be obtained by
(a) Two different lamps
(b) Two different lamps but of the same power
(c) Two different lamps of same power and having the same colour
AS-04 4

(d) None of the above

Q10. A particle which has zero rest mass and non-zero energy and
momentum must travel with a speed
(a) Equal to c, the speed of light in vacuum
(b) Greater than c
(c) Less than c
(d) Tending to infinity
13.6
Q11. In the nth orbit, the energy of an electron 𝐸𝑛 = − 𝑒𝑉for hydrogen
𝑛2
atom. The energy required to take the electron from first orbit to second
orbit will be
(a) 10.2 𝑒𝑉 (b) 12.1 𝑒𝑉
(c) 13.6 𝑒𝑉 (d) 3.4 𝑒𝑉

Q12. Wires P and Q have the same resistance at ordinary (room)

temperature. When heated, resistance of 𝑃 increases and that of Q
decreases. We conclude that
(a) P and Q are conductors of different materials
(b) P is N-type semiconductor and Q is P-type semiconductor
(c) P is semiconductor and Q is conductor
(d) P is conductor and Q is semiconductor
For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labelled Assertion
(A) and other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these
questions from the options as given below.
A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct
explanation of Assertion.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the
correct explanation of Assertion.
C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
D. If both Assertion and Reason are false.
E.
Q13. Assertion: Electromagnetic waves are transverse in nature.
Reason: The electric and magnetic fields in electromagnetic waves
are perpendicular to each other and the direction of propagation.
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Q14. Assertion: When a tiny circular obstacle is placed in the path of light
from some distance, a bright spot is seen at the centre of shadow of
the obstacle.
Reason: Destructive interference occurs at the centre of the shadow.
Q15. Assertion: Density of all the nuclei is same.
Reason: Radius of nucleus is directly proportional to the cube root of
mass number.
Q16. Assertion: The electron in the hydrogen atom passes from energy
level 𝑛 = 4 to the 𝑛 = 1 level. The maximum and minimum number of
photons that can be emitted are six and one respectively.
Reason: The photons are emitted when electron make a transition from
the higher energy state to the lower energy state.

[SECTION – B] (05x2=10 marks)

Q17. Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper
wire of cross-sectional area 1.0 × 10−7 𝑚2 carrying a current of 1.5 A.
Assume that the density of conduction electrons to be 9 × 1028 𝑚−3 .
OR
Plot a graph showing temperature dependence of resistivity for a typical
semiconductor. How is this behaviour explained?
Q18. A bar magnet of dipole moment 3 A-m2 rests with its centre on a
frictionless pivot. A force F is applied at right angles to the axis of the
magnet, 10 cm from the pivot. It is observed that an external magnetic field
of 0.25 T is required to hold the magnet in equilibrium at an angle of 30°
with the field. Calculate the value of F. How will the equilibrium be affected,
if F is withdrawn?
Q19. Two monochromatic waves emanating from two coherent sources
have the displacements represented by, 𝑦1 = 𝑎 cos 𝜔𝑡 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦2 −
𝑎 cos(𝜔𝑡 + 𝜑), where,  is the phase difference between the two waves.
Show that the resultant intensity at a point due to their superposition is
𝜑
given by 𝐼 = 4𝐼𝑜 cos2 , 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 𝐼𝑜 = 𝑎2 .
2
Q20. Photoelectric emission occurs when a surface is irradiated with the
radiation of frequency (i) 1 and (ii) 2. The maximum kinetic energy of the
AS-04 6

electrons emitted in the two cases are K and 2K respectively. Obtain the
expression for the threshold frequency for the surface.

Q21. Calculate the energy release in MeV in the deuterium-tritium fusion

reaction.
2
1𝐻 + 31𝐻 → 42𝐻𝑒 + 𝑛
Using the data
𝑚( 21𝐻 ) = 2.014102 𝑢,
𝑚( 31𝐻 ) = 3.016049 𝑢,
𝑚( 42𝐻𝑒) = 4.002603 𝑢,
𝑚𝑛 = 1.008665 𝑢
931.5
1𝑢 = 𝑀𝑒𝑉.
𝑐2

[SECTION – C] (07x3=21 marks)

Q22. Two infinitely large plane thin parallel sheets having surface charge
densities σ1, and σ2 (1 >σ2) are shown in the figure. Write the magnitudes
and directions of the net fields in the regions marked I, II and III.

Q23. Two parallel plate capacitors X and Y have the same area of plates
and same separation between them, X has air between the plates while Y
contains a dielectric medium of 𝜀𝑟 = 4.
 7 AS-04

(i) Calculate the capacitance of each capacitor if equivalent capacitance

of the combination is 4uF.
(ii) Calculate the potential difference between the plates of X and Y.
(iii) Estimate the ratio of electrostatic energy stored in X and Y.
OR
A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery. After sometime, the
battery is disconnected and a dielectric slab with its thickness equal to the
plate separation is inserted between the plates. How will (i) the
capacitances of the capacitor (ii) potential difference between the plates (iii)
the energy stored in the capacitors be affected? Justify your answer in
each case.

Q24. (i) State Ampere's circuital law expressing it in the integral form.
(ii) Two long co-axial insulated solenoids 𝑆1 and 𝑆2 of equal length are wound
one over the other as shown in the figure. A steady current I flows through
the inner solenoid 𝑆1 , to the other end B which is connected to the outer
solenoid S2 through which the some current I flows in the opposite direction
so, as to come out at end A. If n1, and n2 are the number of turns per unit
length, find the magnitude and direction of the net magnetic field at a point

(a) inside on the axis and

(b) outside the combined system.
AS-04 8

Q25. A convex lens made up of a glass of refractive index 1.5 is dipped in

(i) a medium of refractive index 1.65
(ii) a medium of refractive index 1.33.
(a) Will it behave as a converging lens or a diverging lens in the two cases?
(b) How will its focal length change in the two media?
Q26. Two objects P and Q when placed at different positions in front of a
concave mirror of focal length 20 cm, from real images of equal size. Size
of object P is three times size of object Q. If the distance of P is 50 cm from
the mirror, find the distance of Q from the mirror.
Q27. (i) In the following diagram, is the junction diode forward biased or
reverse biased?

(ii) Draw the circuit diagram of a full wave rectifier and state how it works?
Q28. Draw the energy band diagrams of (i) n-type and (ii) p-type
semiconductor at temperature, T> 0 K. In the case n-type Si
semiconductor, the donor energy level is slightly below the bottom of
conduction band whereas in p-type semiconductor, the acceptor energy
level is slightly above the top of the valence band. Explain, what role do
these energy levels play in conduction and valence bands.
 9 AS-04

[SECTION D] (02x4=08 marks)

Q29. Case Based Questions Directions (Q.29) This question is case

study-based question. Attempt any 4 sub-parts from this question. Each
question carries 1 mark.
An electron with a speed 𝑣𝑜 << 𝑐 moves in a circle of radius ro in a uniform
magnetic field. This electron can traverse a circular path as magnetic field
is perpendicular to the velocity of the electron. The time required for one
revolution of the electron is To. The speed of the electron is now increase to
4 𝑣𝑜
(i) The radius of the circle will change to
𝑟𝑜 𝑟
(a) 4𝑟𝑜 (b) 2𝑟𝑜 (c) (d) 𝑜 .
4 2
(ii) The time required for one revolution of the electron will change to
𝑇𝑜
(a) 4𝑇𝑜 (b) 𝑇𝑜 (c) 2𝑇𝑜 (d) .
2
(iii) A charged particle is projected in a magnetic field 𝐵 = (2𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂) × 102 𝑇.
The acceleration of the particle is found to be 𝑎 = (𝑥𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂)𝑚𝑠 −2 . Find the
value of x.
(a) 8 ms-2 (b) -8 ms-2
(c) -4 ms-2 (d) 4 ms-2
(iv) If the given electron has a velocity not perpendicular to B, then the
trajectory of the electron is
(a) straight line (b) circular
(c) helical (d) Both (a) and (c).
(v) If this electron of charge (e) is moving parallel to uniform magnetic field
(B) with constant velocity v. The force acting on the electron is
𝐵𝑒𝑣
(a) Bev (b) 2 Bev (c) (d) zero.
2
Q30. Case Based Questions Directions (Q.30) This question is case
study-based question. Attempt any 4 sub-parts from this question.
Each question carries 1 mark.
Matter cannot exist both as a particle and as a wave simultaneously. At a
particular instant of time, it is either the one or the other aspect, i.e. the two
aspects are complementary to each other. According to de-Broglie, a wave
AS-04 10

is associated with moving material particle which controls the particle in

every respect. The wave associated with moving material particle is called
matter wave or de-Broglie wave whose wavelength is called de-Broglie
wavelength.
(i) The de-Broglie wave of a moving particle does not depend on
(a) mass (b) charge (c) velocity (d) momentum.
(ii) The de-Broglie wavelength of a particle of KE, K is λ. What will be the
𝐾
wavelength of the particle, if its kinetic energy is .
9
(a) λ (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4.
(iii) Which of the following figures represent the variation of particle
momentum and the associated de-Broglie wavelength?

(iv) de-Broglie wavelength associated with an electron, accelerating

through a potential difference of 100 V lies in the region of
(a) Gamma rays
(b) X-rays
(c) Ultraviolet rays
(d) Visible region.
(v) A proton and an -particle are accelerated through the same potential
difference. The ratio of de-Broglie wavelength λp to that of λ is
(a) √2:1
(b) √4:1
(c) √6:1
(d) √8:1.
 11 AS-04

[SECTION E] (03X5=15)
Q31. (i) Derive an expression for drift velocity of electrons in a conductor.
Hence, deduce Ohm's law.
(ii) A wire whose cross-sectional area is increasing linearly from its one end
to the other is connected across a battery of potential difference V volt.
Which of the following quantities remain constant in the wire?
(a) Drift speed (b) Current density
(c) Electric current (d) Electric field.
Justify your answer.
OR

(a) Distinguish between emf () and terminal voltage (V) of a cell having
internal resistance r. Draw a plot showing the variation of terminal voltage
(V) versus the current (I) drawn from the cell. Using this plot show how
does one can determine the internal resistance of the cell?
(b) A 10 V cell of negligible internal resistance is connected in parallel
across a battery of emf 200 V and internal resistance 38  as shown in the
figure. Find the value of current in the circuit.

Q32. A device X is connected across an AC source of voltage 𝑉 = 𝑉𝑜 sin 𝜔𝑡.

𝜋
The current through X is given as 𝐼 = 𝐼𝑜 sin (𝜔𝑡 + )
2
(i) Identify the device X.
(ii) Draw graphs showing variation of voltage and current with time over
one cycle of AC, for X.
(iii) How does the reactance of the device X vary with frequency of the
AC? Show this variation graphically.
(iv) Draw the phasor diagram for the device X.
AS-04 12

OR
(a) Draw the diagram of a device which is used to decrease high AC
voltage into a low AC voltage and state its working principle. Write four
sources of energy loss in this device.
(b) A small town with a demand of 1200 kW of electric power at 220 V is
situated 20 km away from an electric plant generating power at 440 V. The
resistance of the two-wire line carrying power is 0.5  per km. The town
gets the power from the line through a 4000-220 V step-down transformer
at a sub-station in the town. Estimate the line power loss in the form of
heat.
Q33. (i) Draw a labelled ray diagram to obtain the real image formed by an
astronomical telescope in normal adjustment position. Define its magnifying
power.
(ii) You are given three lenses of power 0.5 D, 4 D and 10 D to design a
telescope.
(a) Which lenses should be used as objective and eyepiece? Justify your
answer.
(b) Why is the aperture of the objective preferred to be large?
OR
a. Draw a ray diagram to show the working of a compound microscope.
Deduce an expression for the total magnification when the final image
is formed at the near point.
b. In a compound microscope, an object is placed at 1.5 cm from the
objective of focal length 1.25 cm. If the eyepiece has a focal length of
5 cm and the final image is formed at the near point. Estimate the
magnifying power of the microscope.