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A DF TD Agenda For Today: Physics 132: Lecture 10 Yscs3 Ectue0 Elements of Physics II

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33 views17 pages

A DF TD Agenda For Today: Physics 132: Lecture 10 Yscs3 Ectue0 Elements of Physics II

Uploaded by

minh21
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Physics

ys cs 132:
3 Lecture
ectu e 10
0
Elements of Physics II

A
Agenda
d for
f TToday
d
 Resistance
 Resistors
 Series
 Parallel
 Ohm’s law
 Electric Circuits
 Current
 Kirchoff
Kirchoff’ss laws

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 1


Clicker Question 2:

What happens to the voltage across the resistor R4 when the


switch is closed?

R1
a) increases
b) decreases S
V R3 R4
c) stays the same R2

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 2


Clicker Question 3:
Which resistor has the greatest current going through it? Assume that
all the resistors are equal.

V
a) R1
b) both R1 and R2 equally
c) R3 and R4
d) R5
e) all the same

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 3


Problem
In the circuit shown below, rank in order, from most to least
bright, the brightness of bulbs A–E.

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 4


Problem
In the circuit shown below, rank in order, from most to least
bright, the brightness of bulbs A–E.

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 5


Kirchhoff’s Junction Law

For a junction, the law of


conservation of current
requires that:

where the  symbol


means summation
summation.
This basic conservation
statement is called
Kirchhoff’s junction law.

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 6


Kirchhoff’s Loop Law

 For any path that starts and


ends at the same point:

 The sum of all the potential


differences encountered
while moving around a loop
or closed path is zero.

 This statement is known as


Kirchhoff’s loop law.

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 7


Steps for Using Kirchhoffs Rules
 Label all currents
 Label +/-
+/ for all elements
 Emf (regular +/-)
 Resistors
 current goes from + to -
 Choose a loop and direction (your choice)
 W it down
Write d voltage
lt d
drops across resistors
i t
 Loop rule (use first sign you get to)
 List voltages
g
 Write down current equation
 Junction rule

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 8


Loop Rule

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 9


Example
• Solve for the currents in all parts of the circuit.

• Anytime there is a
junction current must
split!!! R2 = 10  I3
+ -
• I1 is not necessarily
through resistor R1!!! R1 = 10  2 = 5 V
A
+ - B
• Current can only I2
+ -
change at a junction!!!
• Current in a segment I1
w/o
/o a junction
j nction m st I  I  I
must + -
remain constant! 1 2 3 1 = 10 V
Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 10
Three loops
Example
I1 = I2 + I3

Bottom loop clockwise from A


+
R2 = 10 
-
I3
• I2(R1) + 2 - 1 = 0 (1)
R1 = 10  2 = 5 V
Top loop clockwise from A
A
+ - B
• I3(R2) - 2 - I2(R1) = 0 (2)
+ -
I2
Outside loop clockwise from A
I1
• I3(R2) - 1 = 0 (3) + -
1 = 10 V
Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 11
Example • I3 = 1 A
I2(R1) + 2 - 1 = 0 (1) • I2 = .5 A
I3(R2) - 2 - I2(R1) = 0 (2) • I1= 1 A + .5 A = 1.5 A

I3(R2) - 1 = 0 (3)

I1 = I2 + I3 (4) +
R2 = 10 
-
I3
Comment: Your loops do not need to go R1 = 10  2 = 5 V
in the same direction as currents! A
+ - B
+ -
I2
I1
+ -
1 = 10 V
Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 12
Clicker Question 4:
A circuit is built out of resistors and two batteries as
shown in the below.
According to Kirchhoff's Current Rule:

(a) I1 +I2 = I3
(b) I2 +I3 = I1
(c) I1 - I3 = I2
(d) I1 +I2 = -II3
(e) I1 +I3 = I2

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 13


Clicker Question 5:
A circuit is built out of resistors and two batteries as
shown in the below.
According to Kirchhoff's Loop Rule the left loop tells
us:

(a) 12 V - (3)I1 +(6)12 = 0


(b) - 12 V - (3)I1 +(6)12 = 0
(c) 12 V - (3)I1 - (6)13 = 0
(d) 12 V - (3)I1 - (6)11 = 0
(e) 12 V - (3)I1 - (6)12 = 0

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 14


Clicker Question 6:
A circuit is built out of resistors and two batteries as
shown in the below.
According to Kirchhoff's Loop Rule the right loop tells
us:

(a) 12 V - (3)I1 +(6)12 = 0


(b) - 12 V - (3)I1 +(6)12 = 0
12 V - (4)I2 - (6)13 = 0
(c) -12
(d) 12 V - (4)I2 + (6)13 = 0
(e) - 12 V + (4)I2 + (6)13 = 0

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 15


Clicker Question 7:
A circuit is built out of resistors and two batteries as
shown in the below.
According to Kirchhoff's Loop Rule the outside loop
tells us:

(a) 24 V - (3)I1 - (4)13 = 0


(b) 24 V - (3)I1 + (4)13 = 0
(c) - (3)I1 + (4)12 = 0
(d) - (3)I1 - (4)13 = 0
(e) -24 V - (3)I1 + (4)13 = 0

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 16


Example:
A circuit is built out of resistors and two batteries as shown in the
below.
- 12 V + (4)I2 + (6)13 = 0

- ((3))I1 + ((4))12 = 0

12 V - (3)I1 - (6)13 = 0
I1 +II2 = I3
I3 = 1.56 A
I1 = 0.89 A
I2 = 0.67 A

Physics 201: Lecture 1, Pg 17

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