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Sample Ch 3 I

thermodynamics

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11 views

Sample Ch 3 I

thermodynamics

Uploaded by

huzaifaamir083
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sample Problems Chapter 3

(1) Ans. 140 °C; 0.8520; 0.00203 m3


Steam is contained in a closed rigid container with a volume of
1 m3. Initially, the pressure and temperature of the steam are 7
bar and 500°C, respectively. The temperature drops as a result
of heat transfer to the surroundings. Determine the temperature
at which condensation first occurs, in °C, and the fraction of
the total mass that has condensed when the pressure reaches
0.5 bar. What is the volume, in m3, occupied by saturated liquid
at the final state?

(2) Ans. 689.5 kPa; 770.1 kPa


1.36 kg of saturated water vapor, contained in a closed rigid
tank whose volume is 0.36 m3, is heated to a final temperature
of 204°C. Sketch the process on a T– diagram. Determine the
pressures at the initial and final states, each in kPa.

Using u–h Data


(3) Ans. -1.175 kJ
A piston–cylinder assembly contains 0.02 kg of Refrigerant
134a. The refrigerant is compressed from an initial state where
p1=68.9 kPa and T1 =26.7°C to a final state where p2=1.1
MPa. During the process, the pressure and specific volume are
related by pυ=constant. Determine the work, in kJ, for the
refrigerant.
(4) Ans. 0.00116 m3/kg; 894.5 kJ/kg
Evaluate the specific volume, in m3/kg, and the specific
enthalpy, in kJ/kg, of water at 204°C and a pressure of 207 bars.

(5) Ans. 1.89×10-3m3/kg; 95.1 kJ/kg


Evaluate the specific volume, in m3/kg, and the specific
enthalpy, in kJ/kg, of propane at 800 kPa and 0°C.

Applying the Energy Balance


(6) Ans. 961.43 kJ/kg
Initially steam is at 250°C and 300 kPa. It is compressed
isothermally such that its new volume becomes 1/18th of the
original volume. Determine the heat transfer to steam.

(7) Ans. -293.23 kJ


A rigid, well-insulated tank contains a two-phase mixture
consisting of 0.00014 m3 of saturated liquid water and 0.0324
m3 of saturated water vapor, initially at 101.3 kPa. A paddle
wheel stirs the mixture until only saturated vapor at a higher
pressure remains in the tank. Kinetic and potential energy
effects are negligible. For the water, determine the amount of
energy transfer by work, in kJ.
(8) Ans. -695.5 kJ; 730 kJ
A system consisting of 0.9 kg of water vapor, initially at 149°C
and occupying a volume of 0.54 m3, is compressed
isothermally to a volume of 0.24 m3. The system is then heated
at constant volume to a final pressure of 827 kPa. During the
isothermal compression there is energy transfer by work of
magnitude 95.8 kJ into the system. Kinetic and potential
energy effects are negligible. Determine the heat transfer, in kJ,
for each process.

(9) Ans. 5%
A system consisting of 1 kg of H2O undergoes a power cycle
composed of the following processes:
Process 1–2: Constant-pressure heating at 10 bar from
saturated vapor.
Process 2–3: Constant-volume cooling to p3=5 bar,
T3=160°C.
Process 3–4: Isothermal compression with Q34=-815.8 kJ.
Process 4–1: Constant-volume heating.
Sketch the cycle on T– and p– diagrams. Neglecting kinetic
and potential energy effects, determine the thermal efficiency.
(10) Ans. 12.75 kJ; 491.01 kJ
As shown in Fig., 0.5 kg of ammonia is contained in a piston–
cylinder assembly, initially at T1=220°C and a quality of 25%.
As the ammonia is slowly heated to a final state, where
T2=20°C, p2=0.6 MPa, its pressure varies linearly with specific
volume. There are no significant kinetic and potential energy
effects. For the ammonia, (a) show the process on a sketch of
the p– diagram and (b) evaluate the work and heat transfer,
each in kJ.

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