Annexure –II

Part – B Micro-Project Report

Title of Micro-Project

Setting up a FTP server and client on network and transfer the

files between two networks

❖ Rationale:-
Setting up an FTP server and client on a network is important because it allows
efficient file transfer between computers, enhancing collaboration and data
exchange across different networks. This method ensures centralized file
management, making it easier for multiple users to access or share data.
Additionally, it provides valuable networking skills and highlights the
importance of secure file transfer, making it essential for IT and network
professionals.

❖ Aims/Benefits of the Micro-Project:-

1 The primary aim of this micro-project is to provide students with practical
experience in setting up an FTP server and client, facilitating file transfers
between two networks. This project helps students understand how FTP works
and improves their knowledge of network protocols and server management.
Additionally, it enhances their awareness of data security by exploring secure
file transfer options. By working on this project, students also develop problem-
solving skills through troubleshooting network and configuration issues,
making them better prepared for real-world IT challenges related to file
management and network communication.

❖ Course Outcomes Addressed

CO1: Implement Network Layer Protocols.
CO2: Configure IPv6 Network.
CO3: Choose routing protocol in the given network situation.

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❖ Literature Review:- File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is a longstanding network
protocol designed to facilitate file sharing between a server and client across a
network, typically operating over TCP/IP with distinct channels for control
commands and data transfer. Setting up an FTP server involves configuring
server software, managing user access rights, setting up firewalls, and sometimes
utilizing network address translation (NAT) for secure client connections. Clients
interact with the server using assigned credentials, allowing for controlled access
to upload, download, or modify files based on permissions.

One major concern with traditional FTP is its lack of data encryption, which
leaves files and credentials vulnerable to interception. In response, Secure FTP
(SFTP) and FTP Secure (FTPS) protocols have been developed, integrating
encryption to protect data in transit and provide safer file exchanges. For file
transfers across separate networks, configurations such as firewall rules, port
forwarding (especially for ports 20 and 21), or using a Virtual Private Network
(VPN) are often necessary.

• Separate Channels: FTP uses a control and data channel for efficiency.
• Configuration: Server setup involves access rights, firewall, and NAT.
• Security: SFTP and FTPS add encryption for secure data transfer.
• Cross-Network Transfers: Requires firewall, port forwarding, or VPN.
• Legacy Usage: FTP remains valuable in secure, high-volume transfers.

❖ Actual Methodology Followed:- The methodology for setting up an FTP server

and client to facilitate file transfer across networks involves several steps,
covering initial planning, setup, configuration, testing, and security protocols.

1. Project Planning and Requirements Gathering

o Determine the scope, including network environment, the volume of
data, user access needs, and the security level required.
o Identify necessary hardware and software, including server machines,
client devices, and FTP software (such as FileZilla, vsftpd, or Microsoft
IIS for FTP services).

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2. Server Setup and Configuration
o Install FTP Software: Install and configure FTP software on the
server, ensuring compatibility with the operating system.
o User and Access Configuration: Set up user accounts with specified
permissions, limiting access based on the user role (e.g., read-only or
full access).
o Port Configuration: Open necessary ports (usually 20 and 21 for FTP)
on the server’s firewall and configure Network Address Translation
(NAT) settings if the server is behind a router.

3. Implement Security Measures

o Switch to SFTP/FTPS: If security is a priority, configure SFTP (uses
SSH for encryption) or FTPS (uses SSL/TLS for encryption) instead of
traditional FTP to protect data in transit.
o Firewall and Access Control: Configure firewall rules to restrict
access based on IP ranges and ensure data channels are secure.
o Password Policies: Enforce strong password policies and, where
applicable, enable two-factor authentication (2FA).

4. Client Configuration
o Install FTP Client Software: Install compatible FTP client software
on user devices.
o Network and Firewall Adjustments: Configure any necessary client-
side firewall or network settings to allow connections to the server.
o Test Connection: Conduct initial tests to ensure the client can connect,
authenticate, and perform file transfers as intended.

5. Cross-Network File Transfer Setup

o VPN Configuration (if required): If the FTP server and client are on
separate networks, set up a Virtual Private Network (VPN) or configure
additional firewall and NAT rules to allow secure cross-network access.
o Port Forwarding: Implement port forwarding on routers or firewalls
if needed to establish a stable connection across networks.

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 6. Testing and Troubleshooting
o Connection Testing: Test both FTP and SFTP/FTPS connections,
verifying upload and download functionality.
o Security Testing: Perform security checks, including vulnerability
assessments, to ensure data integrity and encryption.
o File Transfer Testing: Test with various file sizes to check for transfer
stability, speed, and server response under different load conditions.

7. Deployment and Maintenance

o Regular Monitoring: Monitor the FTP server for any unauthorized
access attempts or performance issues.
o Periodic Updates: Update FTP software, firewall rules, and security
certificates to maintain security and performance over time.
o Backup and Recovery: Implement data backup and disaster recovery
plans to ensure data protection in case of server issues.

This structured methodology ensures a secure, functional FTP setup tailored to

transferring files across different network environments effectively.

❖ Actual Resources Used:-

Sr.No Name of Resource Specification Quantity Remark
1 Books and Study Networking textbooks covering FTP, For theoretical
Materials IPv4, and IPv6. 1 background and
protocol study.

2 Computer System I5 RAM 8 Gb

1
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3 FTP Server Software like FileZilla Server, vsftpd, 1 For setting up the
Software or IIS FTP Server. FTP server.

4 FTP Client Client software compatible with 1 For testing server

Software FTP/SFTP connection and file
transfer

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❖ Outputs of the Micro-Projects:-

Create FTP Connection

Create user and password for authentication (Sender)

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Create user and password for authentication (Receiver)

Connection Establish

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 File Transfer Sucessfully

File receive successfully in receiver side.

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❖ Skill Developed:-
o Networking Fundamentals
o Server and Client Configuration
o Network Security Practices
o Troubleshooting and Problem-Solving
o Cross-Network Communication
o Real-World Application of FTP Protocol

❖ Application of Microproject:-
o Secure Data Exchange in Business Environments
o Remote Access and Data Sharing
o Media and Content Distribution
o Personal Use for Remote File Access