Chapter 3.

Visualization
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Outline
1. Why data visualization is important?
2. Data Visualization Design
3. Popular types of charts
4. Plotting charts
5. Communication
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1. Why data visualization is important?

It helps people:
- to absorb information quickly, improve insights
- to increase understanding of data
- easily to compare data and use it to tell a story
- express data of varying types and sizes
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2. Data Visualization Design

Principles:
- Accurate: presenting information in a way that doesn’t
distort it.
- Helpful: Help users emphasize exploration and comparison.
- Scalable: Adapt visualizations for different device sizes
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2. Data Visualization Design

What makes a good visual?

1. Know your audience and your objective
2. Choose the right types of visualizations
3. Make your visualizations organized and consistent
4. Give context
5. Less is more
6. Use color, size and shape wisely
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2. Data Visualization Design

Examples of Good Data Visualizations

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2. Data Visualization Design

What makes a bad visual?

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2. Data Visualization Design

Examples of Bad Data Visualizations

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2. Data Visualization Design

Examples of Good and Bad Data Visualizations

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2. Data Visualization Design

Examples of Good and Bad Data Visualizations

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2. Data Visualization Design

Examples of Good and Bad Data Visualizations

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3. Popular types of charts

- Data visualization can be expressed in different forms
- The type of chart you use depends primarily on:
+ the data you want to communicate,
+ what you want to convey about that data

Choose the right types of visualizations is very important

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3. Popular types of charts

Change over time charts:
- Show data over a period of time, such as trends or
comparisons across multiple categories.
- Common use cases include:
◦ Stock price performance
◦ Health statistics
◦ Chronologies
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3. Popular types of charts

Change over time charts:
1. Line charts
2. Bar charts
3. Stacked bar charts
4. Candlestick charts
5. Area charts
6. Timelines
7. Horizon charts
8. Waterfall charts
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3. Popular types of charts

Category comparison charts:
- Compare data between multiple distinct categories.
- Common use cases include:
◦ Income across different countries
◦ Popular venue times
◦ Team allocations
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3. Popular types of charts

Category comparison:
1. Bar charts
2. Grouped bar charts
3. Bubble charts
4. Multi-line charts
5. Parallel coordinate charts
6. Bullet charts
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3. Popular types of charts

Ranking charts:
- Show an item’s position in an ordered list.
- Common use cases include:
◦ Election results
◦ Performance statistics
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3. Popular types of charts

Ranking charts:
1. Ordered bar charts
2. Ordered column charts
3. Parallel coordinate charts
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3. Popular types of charts

Part-to-whole charts:
- Show how partial elements add up to a total.
- Common use cases include:
◦ Consolidated revenue of product categories
◦ Budgets
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3. Popular types of charts

Part-to-whole charts:
1. Stacked bar charts
2. Pie charts
3. Donut charts
4. Stacked area charts
5. Treemap charts
6. Sunburst charts
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3. Popular types of charts

Correlation charts:
- Show correlation between two or more variables.
- Common use cases include:
◦ Income and life expectancy
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3. Popular types of charts

Correlation charts:
1. Scatterplot charts 2. Bubble charts
3. Column and line charts 4. Heatmap charts
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3. Popular types of charts

Distribution charts:
- Show how often each values occur in a dataset.
- Common use cases include:
◦ Population distribution
◦ Income distribution
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3. Popular types of charts

Distribution charts:
1. Histogram charts 2. Box plot charts
3. Violin charts 4. Density charts
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3. Popular types of charts

Flow charts:
- Show movement of data between multiple states.
- Common use cases include:
◦ Fund transfers
◦ Vote counts and election results
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3. Popular types of charts

Flow charts:
1. Sankey charts 2. Gantt charts
3. Chord charts 4. Network charts
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3. Popular types of charts

Relationship charts:
- Show how multiple items relate to one other.
- Common use cases include:
◦ Social networks
◦ Word charts
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3. Popular types of charts

Relationship charts:
1. Network charts 2. Venn diagrams
3. Chord charts 4. Sunburst charts
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4. Plotting charts
Import libraries:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sb
Setting the title, axis labels, ticks, and tick labels:
.set_title('My first matplotlib plot')
.set_xlabel(‘X axis')
.set_ylabel(‘Y axis')
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4. Plotting charts
Bar plot:
plt.bar(data, height, width, bottom, align)
Or
data.plot(kind='bar')

Seaborn
Seaborn.barplot(data, x, y)
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4. Plotting charts
Bar plot:
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4. Plotting charts
Home work:
1. Plot 3 bar charts
2. Submit .ipynb file to Lab9-Bar Plot
Reference Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpSMse3eVVg&list=PL
UaB-1hjhk8FE_XZ87vPPSfHqb6OcM0cF&index=62
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4. Plotting charts
Line plot:
plt.plot(data) # Plot the chart
Or
data.plot()

Seaborn
Seaborn.lineplot (data, x, y)
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4. Plotting charts
Line plot:
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4. Plotting charts
Home work:
1. Plot 3 line charts
2. Submit .ipynb file to Lab10 – Line Plot
Reference Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpSMse3eVVg&list=PL
UaB-1hjhk8FE_XZ87vPPSfHqb6OcM0cF&index=62
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4. Plotting charts
Pie plot:
plt.pie(data)
Or
data.plot(kind='pie‘)
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4. Plotting charts
Pie plot:
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4. Plotting charts
Home work:
1. Plot 3 pie charts
2. Submit .ipynb file to Lab11 – Pie Plot
Reference Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpSMse3eVVg&list=PL
UaB-1hjhk8FE_XZ87vPPSfHqb6OcM0cF&index=62
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4. Plotting charts
Histograms plot:
plt.hist(data, bins)
Or
data.hist(bins)

Seaborn
Seaborn.histplot(data, x, y, bins)
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4. Plotting charts
Histograms plot:
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4. Plotting charts
Home work:
1. Plot 3 Histograms charts
2. Submit .ipynb file to Lab11 – Hist Plot
Reference Videos:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JpSMse3eVVg&list=PL
UaB-1hjhk8FE_XZ87vPPSfHqb6OcM0cF&index=62
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5. Communication
Why is it Important?
Communication works as the key to data analysis
Explaining your findings and recommendations to audiences
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5. Communication
How to communicating data analysis results?
1. Know your audience: who your audience is and what they
need from you
2. Choose the right medium: such as text, visuals, or speech
3. Use clear and simple language
4. Highlight the key insights: summaries, bullet points, or
tables, colors, fonts to emphasize the main findings
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5. Communication
How to communicating data analysis results?
5. Provide context and interpretation: use storytelling
techniques to demonstrate the applications of your data.
6. Make recommendations and call to action: invite your
audience to take the next steps or provide feedback.
 Thanks!
Any questions?