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Exploring the Variety of Random
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PLATE CCCXXXVI.
ANCHUSA CAPENSIS.
Cape Alkanet.
CLASS V. ORDER I.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Five Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium quinquepartitum oblongum, teres, acutum,
persistens.
Corolla monopetala, infundibuliformis; tubus cylindricus, longitudine
calycis; limbus semiquinquefidus, obtusus, erecto-patens; faux clausa
squamulis quinque, convexis, prominentibus, oblongis, conniventibus.
Stamina. Filamenta quinque, brevissima, in fauce corollæ. Antheræ
oblongæ, incumbentes, tectæ.
Pistillum. Germina quatuor. Stylus filiformis, longitudine staminum.
Stigma obtusum, emarginatum.
Pericarpium nullum; Calyx major, erectus, in sinu continens semina.
Semina quatuor, oblongiuscula, obtusa, gibba.
Empalement. Cup five-parted, oblong, cylindrical, pointed, remaining.
Blossom one petal, funnel-shape; tube cylindric, the length of the cup;
border half-five-cleft, obtuse, from erect spreading; throat closed with five
small scales, convex, prominent, oblong, converging.
Chives. Five very short threads in the throat of the blossom. Tips oblong,
incumbent, covered.
Pointals. Seed-buds four. Shaft thread-shaped, the length of the chives.
Summit blunt, notched at the end.
Seed-vessel none; the Cup larger and erect, containing the seeds in its
bosom.
Seeds four, somewhat oblong, blunt, hunched.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Anchusa foliis lanceolatis, villosis, callosis; floribus racemoso-
paniculatis, cœruleis.
Alkanet with lance-shaped leaves, hairy, and callous; flowers grow in
bunches nearly panicled, blue.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Empalement, natural size.
2. The same, magnified.
3. The Seed-buds and pointal, natural size.
4. The same magnified.
5. A Blossom cut open, magnified, to shew the scales upon the mouth,
with the situation of the chives.
This is the only species of the Genus we have yet seen from the Cape of
Good Hope; and, as it appears that Thunberg discovered but this solitary
instance, which he has given in his Prodromus Plantarum Capensium, under
the specific title we have here adopted, from him; he, perhaps, thought
himself warranted in so naming it; although naming plants from the country
where they are first found requires but little reasoning to shew its
impropriety. It is a hardy green-house plant, but from all appearance, like the
most of this natural order, rather short-lived. It grows freely in a mixture of
loam and sandy peat; and there is every appearance that the seeds will ripen,
the only method by which there is any likelihood of its being perpetuated.
The plant, before flowering, does not grow above six inches high; but the
flower-stem rises near eighteen inches. Our figure was taken from a plant in
the Hibbertian Collection; where it flowered for the first time in England in
the month of July 1803; having been sent home, by Mr. Niven, from the
Cape, in 1800.
PLATE CCCXXXVII.
P R O T E A T R I T E R N ATA .
Cluster-headed Protea.
CLASS IV. ORDER I.
TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Four Chives. One Pointal.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Corolla quadrifida seu quadripetala. Antheræ lineares, insertæ petalis
infra apicem. Calyx proprius nullus.
Semina solitaria.
Blossom four-cleft or four petals. Tips linear, inserted into the petals
below the point. Empalement proper, none.
Seeds solitary.
See Protea formosa, Pl. XVII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Protea foliis bipinnatis, brevibus, filiformibus, confertis, glabris; floribus
terminalibus, umbellatis; pedunculis bracteis, capitulis longioribus; squamis
calycinis subulatis, hirtis.
Protea with doubly winged leaves, short, thread-shaped, crowded and
smooth; flowers terminate the branches in umbels; fruit stalks with floral
leaves, and longer than the small heads; scales of the cup awl-shaped and
hairy.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Leaf.
2. A Flower.
3. One of the Petals of the flower, magnified.
4. The Seed bud, Shaft and Summit, the Summit detached, magnified.
5. The common Cup of one of the small heads of flowers.
This beautiful divided leaved Protea has been named, as above, by
Thunberg, in his Dissertatio de Protea, n. 7, and in his Prodromus plantarum
capensium 25. It is rather a delicate plant, and subject to lose the lower
leaves from the stem, which takes something from the beauty of its habit.
The young leaves, when they first appear, have a downy character, which
disappears as they grow firm. The stem has likewise, in its young state, a
tendency to downiness, which is not discovered on the old wood; and is,
where the leaves are extant, quite covered by them. It grows to the height of
three feet, is propagated by cuttings, and flowers in the month of July. Our
figure was taken from a plant in the Hibbertian Collection, which was raised
from Cape seeds in 1800, sent from thence by Mr. Niven.
PLATE CCCXXXVIII.
GERANIUM CORONOPIFOLIUM.
Buck’s-horn-leaved Geranium.
CLASS XVI. ORDER IV.
MONADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Threads united. Ten Chives.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Monogyna. Stigmata quinque. Fructus rostratus, penta-coccus.
One Pointal. Five summits. Fruit furnished with long awns, five dry
berries.
See Geranium grandiflorum, Pl. XII. Vol. I.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Geranium foliis subcuneatis, apice inciso-dentatis, canescentibus, petiolis
longissimis; pedunculis subtrifloris; corollis pallidè violaceis; caulê
suffruticoso; staminibus quinque fertilibus.
Geranium with nearly wedge-shaped leaves, deeply toothed at the end,
whitish and very long foot-stalks; flower stems mostly three-flowered;
blossoms pale purple; stem rather woody; five fertile chives.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Flower and a Bud from a seedling variety of this plant, by an
intermixture of the farina of Geranium tricolor.
2. The Cup, which is solid and five-leaved.
3. The Chives and Pointal, magnified.
4. The same cut open, magnified.
5. The Seed-bud, Shaft and Summits, magnified.
The Geranium coronopifolium is one of those species we may fairly
denominate biennial; for such is certainly the G. tricolor, G. Oenothera, G.
tomentosum, &c. and as such must be propagated every year to have a
succession of them. It is readily increased by putting the cuttings into small
pots, and plunging them in the heat of a hot-bed or hot-house, early in the
month of March; which plants will flower in September. It was first
introduced to the Kew Gardens by Mr. Masson in 1792. The plant very
delicate, and should be kept in a dry part of the green-house, in a mixture of
sandy peat and rich earth. Our figure is from a plant in the Hibbertian
Collection; where, likewise, we found the variety of which a flower is given
on the plate. Mr. Allen informs us, he procured the Var. by approximating a
plant of this species to the G. tricolor; first impregnating the summits of the
flower of G. coronopifolium, with the pollen from the tips of the G. tricolor,
a method much practised of late for the production of varieties, in many
genera.
PLATE CCCXXXIX.
LOBELIA CORONOPIFOLIA.
Buck’s-horn-leaved Lobelia.
CLASS XIX. ORDER VI.
SYNGENESIA MONOGAMIA. Tips united. Flowers simple.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx 5-fidus. Corolla 1-petala, irregularis. Capsula infera, 2-seu 3-
locularis.
Cup 5-cleft. Blossom 1-petal, irregular. Capsule beneath, 2 or 3-celled.
See Lobelia pinifolia, Pl. CCLXXIII. Vol. IV.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Lobelia foliis lanceolatis, dentatis, glabris; floribus solitariis, axillaribus;
pedunculis elongatis; stigmatibus obtusis, pilosis.
Lobelia with lance-shaped leaves, toothed and smooth; flowers solitary,
from the base of the leaves; foot-stalks lengthened; summits blunt, hairy.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Chives magnified.
2. The Cup, Chives, and Pointal, the Summit detached, magnified.
The character of most of the Lobelias from the Cape, and elsewhere, is, that
they are either annual or biennial, and can scarcely be considered as shrubs.
Our present subject is a biennial from the Cape of Good Hope, flowers the
first year from the seed, if sown in March, and may be preserved a second
year; but, as it seeds so abundantly, it is scarce worth the pains to preserve it,
as the plants of one year’s growth are so much handsomer than those
preserved through the winter. It flowers from July till October, and should be
kept in sandy peat earth.
The L. coronopifolia was introduced to the Kew Collection in 1787, by
Mr. F. Masson, and is now in most collections.
PLATE CCCXL.
LOBELIA GRACILIS.
Slender-stemed Lobelia.
CLASS XIX. ORDER VI.
SYNGENESIA MONOGAMIA. Tips united. Flowers simple.
ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx 5-fidus. Corolla monopetala, irregularis. Capsula infera, 2-seu 3-
locularis.
Cup 5-cleft. Blossom one petal, irregular. Capsule beneath, 2 or 3-celled.
See Lobelia pinifolia, Pl. CCLXXIII. Vol. IV.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Lobelia foliis inferioribus ovatis, sinuatis, superioribus lanceolatis,
dentatis; petalis duobus minoribus barbatis; floribus spicatis; stigmatibus
bifidis.
Lobelia with the lower leaves egg-shaped and scollopped, the upper ones
lance-shaped and toothed; the two smaller petals bearded; flowers grow in
spikes; summits two-cleft.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. A Blossom cut open, with the chives in their place, magnified.
2. The Cup, Seed-bud, Shaft and Summit; the Summit detached and
magnified.
This most delicate little plant, of which our figure represents the whole,
was raised in 1801, from Cape seeds, sent by Mr. Niven from thence, for the
Clapham gardens; where our drawing was made this year, 1803, in the
month of August. It is an annual plant, producing its seeds freely, as do most
species of this genus, which should be sown in the month of March, in light
sandy peat, and transplanted about May.
PLATE CCCXLI.
PHASEOLUS CARACALLA.
Snail-Flower Kidney-Bean.
CLASS XVII. ORDER IV.
DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA. Chives in two sets. Ten Chives.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, bilabiatum; labio superiori
emarginato, inferiore tridentato.
Corolla papillionacea.
Vexillum, cordatum, obtusum, emarginatum, reclinatum, lateribus reflexis.
Alæ, ovatæ, longitudine vexilli, unguibus longis insidentes.
Carina, angusta, spiraliter contra solem revoluta.
Stamina. Filamenta diadelpha, (simplex et novemfidum) intra carinam,
spiralia. Antheræ decem, simplices.
Pistillum. Germen oblongum, compressum villosum. Stylus filiformis,
spiraliter inflexus, superne pubescens. Stigma obtusum, crassiusculum,
villosum.
Pericarpium. Legumen longum, rectum, coriaceum, obtusum cum
acumine.
Semina reniformia, oblonga, compressa.
Empalement. Cup one leaf, two-lipped, upper lip notched at the end,
lower three-toothed.
Blossom butterfly-shaped.
Standard, heart-shaped, blunt, notched at the top, reclined, reflexed at the
sides.
Wings, egg-shaped, the length of the Standard, terminating in long claws.
Keel, narrow, twisted spirally contrary to the sun.
Chives. Threads in two sets, (simple and nine-cleft,) within the keel,
spiral. Tips ten, simple.
Pointal. Seed-bud oblong, flattened, hairy. Shaft thread-shaped, spirally
bent inwards, downy above. Summit blunt, thickish, hairy.
Seed vessel. A long pod, straight, leathery, blunt with a point.
Seeds kidney-shaped, oblong, flattened.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
COBBEA SCANDENS.
Climbing Cobbea.
CLASS V. ORDER I.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Five Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, semiquinquefidum; laciniis cordatis,
mucronatis, patentibus, persistens.
Corolla monopetala, campanulata, versus basin arctata, quinquefida;
laciniis concavis, trilobis, ciliatis; squamulæ quinque lanatæ, ad basin sinus
tubi, conniventes.
Nectarium, corpus carnosum, quinquangulare, decem sulcatum, germen
cingens.
Stamina. Filamenta quinque, squamulis corollæ orta, declinata. Antheræ
incumbentes.
Pistillum. Germen ovatum, sulcatum. Stylus filiformis, declinatus,
staminibus longior. Stigmata tria, plana, recurvata.
Pericarpium. Capsula oblonga, trilocularis, trivalvis.
Semina plurima, valvulis affixa, compressa, imbricata.
Empalement. Cup one-leaf, half five-cleft; segments heart-shaped, ending
in a point, spreading, persistent.
Blossom one-petal, bell-shaped, narrowed towards the base, five-cleft;
segments concave, three-lobed, fringed; five woolly scales at the base of the
bosom of the tube closing upon each other.
Honey-cup, a fleshy body, five-angled, ten-furrowed, embracing the seed-
bud.
Chives. Five threads, arising from the scales of the blossom, declined.
Tips lying upon the threads.
Pointal. Seed-bud egg-shaped, furrowed. Shaft thread-shaped, declined,
longer than the threads. Summits three, flat, turned back.
Seed-vessel. Capsule oblong, three cells, three valves.
Seeds many, fixed to the valves, flat, tiled.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
B L A N D F O R D I A C O R D ATA .
Heart-shape-leaved Blandfordia.
CLASS V. ORDER I.
PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA. Five Chives. One Pointal.
GENERIC CHARACTER.
Calyx. Perianthium monophyllum, semiquinquefidum; laciniis concavis,
ovatis, obtusis, erectis; persistens.
Corolla. Petala quinque, oblongo-linearia, subtruncata, patentia, calyci
inserta.
Nectarium urceolatum, membranaceum, germen cingens; limbo quinque-
lobo, laciniis clavatis, capitatis.
Stamina. Filamenta nulla. Antheræ quinque, subrotundæ, didymæ;
nectarii margini, inter lacinias limbi, affixæ.
Pistillum. Germen subrotundum. Stylus brevissimus, erectus. Stigma
obsoletum.
Pericarpium. Capsula oblonga, unilocularis, bivalvis.
Semina plurima, minuta, glabra.
Empalement. Cup one leaf, half-five-cleft; Segments concave, egg-
shaped, blunt, upright; remaining.
Blossom. Five petals, oblong-linear, appearing rather cut off at the ends,
spreading, inserted into the cup.
Honey-cup pitcher-shaped, skinny, surrounding the seed-bud; border five-
lobed, segments club-shaped, and headed.
Chives. Threads none. Tips five, roundish, double; fixed, between the
segments of the border, upon the margin of the honey-cup.
Pointal. Seed-bud roundish. Shaft very short, upright. Summit obsolete.
Seed-vessel. Capsule oblong, one cell, two valves.
Seeds many, small, smooth.
SPECIFIC CHARACTER.
Blandfordia foliis cordatis, reticulatis, crenato-dentatis, floribus spicatis.
Blandfordia with leaves heart-shaped, netted, and between scolloped and
toothed; flowers grow in spikes.
REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.
1. The Cup, natural size.
2. The same, magnified.
3. A Petal, magnified.
4. The Honey-cup, with the Chives, magnified.
5. The same, spread open, shewn from the outside.
6. The same, shewn from the inside.
7. The Seed-bud, natural size.
8. The same, magnified.
The Blandfordia cordata was first observed by Mr. J. Fraser, in the year
1786, on the banks of the Savannah river, near its source, in Georgia, North
America; but was not introduced to us until the year 1800, when it was
brought to England, amongst many other novelties, by that gentleman. It is,
as are most of the plants of that country, rather too tender to resist the
severity of our winters; and should be protected, either in the green-house, or
in the coolest and shadiest part of the hot-house; where, if it is kept the year
through, it will flourish, and flower about the month of June. It is increased
by parting the roots about April; delights in moisture and shade; thriving
most in a light peat soil, with a small mixture of sandy loam. This plant,
from its general habit, would at first sight be taken for a species of Tiarella,
or Heuchera, to both which it bears great resemblance, being all, likewise,
natives of the same clime; but the strongly differing characters, in the parts
of fructification, prevent its being placed to either of those genera. The
honey-cup, it is true, might, perhaps, with reason, be considered as the
connected threads of ten chives, and what we take to be the segments of its
border, set down as so many sterile ones to make up this number. Thus, the
plant would be transmuted to the XVI class; but, from our best judgment, we
have placed it, as above, in the V.
Our figure is from a specimen communicated by the Right Hon. the
Marquis of Blandford, from his magnificent gardens at White Knights, near
Reading, Berks. Little need be urged for the propriety of our naming a plant
from the Marquis of Blandford; and thus, dedicating this small part of our
labours to his lordship; as few, at present, patronize the science, through all
its branches, with so much vigour and liberality, or who have equal
knowledge in its theory and practice.
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