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Exp1 07

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8 views6 pages

Exp1 07

Uploaded by

ishaswamy2004
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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I. EXPERIMENT 1.

07: TORQUE

A. Abstract

A meter stick is pivoted at a point and maintained horizontal by the appropriate place-
ment of weights along its length. The measurements are compared to the theoretical pre-
dictions based on the two conditions for static equilibrium.

B. Formulas

= rF sin (1)
8 X
>
>
< F~ = ~0
ext.
static equilibrium: X (2)
>
> ~ = ~0
:
any axis

Equations (2) represent the two conditions necessary for static equilibrium.

C. Description and Background

FIG. 1. Part I set-up.

1
Part I of the experiment is depicted in Figure 1. There are four forces on the meter stick.
~ The meter stick is pivoted at its center of mass
The fulcrum, or support, force is denoted, S.
(which may not be the 50 cm position). A mass, m11 , is hung from position x1 = 40 cm,
then another mass, m12 , is chosen and location x2 is found experimentally so as to realize
horizontal equilibrium for the meter stick system.

FIG. 2. Torque example.

Equation (1) is the general equation for the magnitude of a torque. An example of its
use in determining the torque about the head of a bolt due to the application of a wrench
is depicted in Figure 2. The torque direction is perpendicular to the plane of the …gure and
points into the plane as the right hand rule con…rms.
Part II of the experiment is depicted in Figure 3. The meter stick is now pivoted at
x0 = 25 cm. A mass, m21 , is chosen and hung at x1 (located experimentally) so as to realize
horizontal equilibrium for the meter stick system.

2
FIG. 3. Part II set-up.

D. Procedure

1. Part I

1. Locate the center of mass of the meter stick. Support the meter stick at this point.

2. Hang a weight at the x1 = 40:00 cm mark on the meter stick. Record the hanging
mass (m11 ). The recorded hanging mass should include the clamp mass.

3. Using a second, di¤erent hanging mass (m12 ), determine the location (try to measure
down to the half millimeter) along the meter stick that achieves static equilibrium
(x2 ).

2. Part II

1. Support the meter stick at the 25:00 cm mark.

2. Determine the required hanging mass (m21 ) and its location (try to measure down to
the half millimeter) to achieve static equilibrium in this case.

3
E. Measurements

mass of the meter stick, mstick [ gram ]


location of meter stick’s c.m., xcm [ cm ]

part x0 [ cm ] total mass 1 [ gram ] location 1 [ cm ] total mass 2 [ gram ] location 2 [ cm ]


I 40.00
II 25.00 N/A N/A

4
F. Instructions

1. Calculate the (Part I) torque about the pivot due to m11 , [ N m ].

2. Calculate the (Part I) torque about the pivot due to m12 , [ N m ].

3. Calculate the percent di¤erence in the two opposing torques in Part I.

4. Calculate the (Part II) torque about the pivot due to mstick , [ N m ].

5. Calculate the (Part II) torque about pivot due to m21 , [ N m ].

6. Calculate the percent di¤erence in the two opposing torques in Part II.

7. Calculate the uncertainties in each of the four calculated torques using


" #
2 2
2 r ? m
= 2 +
r? m

where m = 0:1 g and r? = 0:05 cm. Enter these into the table.

8. Given the uncertainties, are the opposing torques in Part I compatible with being
equal?

9. Given the uncertainties, are the opposing torques in Part II compatible with being
equal?

5
G. Calculations

part [N m] [N m] [N m] [N m] %-Di¤ ( ; )
I
II

part ( ; + )\( ; + ) 6= ?
I YES or NO
II YES or NO

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