CLASS – XII (MATHEMATICS) SRAJAN NURTURES

Vectors and 3D- Geometry

1. The sum of the direction cosines of a straight line is
(A) Zero (B) One (C) Constant (D) None of these
2. If | a | = 3, | b | = 1, | c | = 4 and a + b + c = 0 , find the value of a  b + b  c + c  a
(A) 12 (B) 13 (C) - 12 (D) -13
ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ
3. Projection of i + 2 j + 3k on i − 2 j − 2k is equal to:
(A) 3 (B) -3 (C) 9 (D) -9
→ →
4. ABCD is a parallelogram with AC = ˆi − 2ˆj + kˆ and BD = −ˆi + 2jˆ − 5kˆ . Area of this
parallelogram is equal to:
(A) 5 / 2 sq. units (B) 2 5 sq. units (C) 4 5 sq. Units (D) 5 sq. Units
5. The value of |a  î | + |a  ĵ | + |a  k̂ | is
2 2 2

(A) a2 (B) 2a2 (C) 3a2 (D) none of these

6. The equation of a straight line parallel to the x-axis is given by
x −a y −b z −c x −a y −b z −c
(A) = = (B) = =
1 1 1 0 1 1
x −a y −b z −c x −a y −b z −c
(C) = = (D) = =
0 0 1 1 0 0
7. The shortest distance of the point from P(x1,y1,z1 ) to the x-axis is equal to
(A) x12 + y12 (B) x12 + z12
(C) y12 + z12 (D) None of these
8. A directed line segment angles , ,  with the coordinate axes. The value of  cos2
is always equal to:
(A) -1 (B) 1
(C) -2 (D) 2
x −2 y −3 z+4
9. The distance of the point (-1, 2, 6) from the line = = , is equal to:
6 3 −4
(A) 7 units (B) 9 units
(C) 10 units (D) 12 units
10. The lines x = ay + b, z = cy + d and x = a’y + b’, z = c’y + d’ will be mutually perpendicular
provided:
(A) (a + a’)(b + b’)(c + c’) (B) aa’ + cc’ + 1 = 0
(C) aa’ + bb’ + cc’ + 1 = 0 (D) (a + a’) (b + b’) (c + c’) + 1 = 0
11. The ratio in which yz–plane divides the line joining (2, 4, 5) and (3, 5, 7)
(A) 2 : 3 (Externally) (B) 2 : 3 (Internally)
(C) 3 : 2 (D) -3 : 2
12. A straight line is inclined to the axes of x and z at angels 450 and 600 respectively, then
the inclination of the line to the y-axis is
(A) 300 (B) 450
(C) 600 (D) 900

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x−2 y −3 z−4 x −1 y − 4 z − 5
13. The straight lines = = and = = , will intersect
1 1 −k k 2 1
provided:
(A) k = {3, -3} (B) k = {0, -1}
(C) k = {-1, 1} (D) k = {0, -3}
14. Find the direction cosines of the line which is perpendicular to the lines with direction
cosines proportional to (1, −2, −2), (0, 2, 1).
⃗ |=|a⃗⃗ - b
⃗ +b
15. If |a ⃗ |then find the angle between ⃗a and⃗⃗⃗b.
16. If the sum of two unit vectors is a unit vector, find the magnitude of their difference.
17. If |𝑎 |= √26, |𝑏⃗ |= 7, |𝑎 ⃗⃗𝑏|= 35, find (𝑎 . 𝑏⃗).
⃗ | = |c| and ⃗a + ⃗b = c, then find the angle between ⃗a and ⃗b.
⃗ | + |b
18. If |a
19. Find the direction cosines of the line passing through the points (–2, 4, –5) and (1, 2,
3).
20. Find the point through which the line 2x = 3y = 4z passes.
21. Show that the points (4, 7, 8) (2, 3, 4), (–1, –2, 1) and (1, 2, 5) are the vertices of a
parallelogram.
22. Write a unit vector in XY- plane, making an angle of 45o with the positive direction of
x-axis.
23. Alisha walks 4km towards west, then 3 km in a direction 600 east of north and then
she stops. Determine her displacement with respect to the initial point of departure.
24. The projections of a line segment on the coordinate axes are 12, 4, 3. Find its length.
25. Find the area of the triangle whose vertices are (0, 0, 0), (3, 4, 7) and (5, 2, 6).
⃗ as the sum of two vectors such that one is parallel
26. Express the vector ⃗a = 5i − 2j + 5k
to the vector ⃗b = 3i + ⃗k and other is perpendicular to ⃗⃗b.
27. Find the shortest distance between the lines: r = 6i ̂ + 2ĵ + 2k̂ + λ (î - 2 ĵ +2 k̂ ) and
r =−4î - k̂ + μ (3i
̂ - 2 ĵ -2 k̂ )
x −3 y−5 z−7
28. Find the length of shortest distance between the lines = = ;
1 −2 1
x +1 y +1 z +1
= = .
7 −6 1
    
29. If a , b and c are three unit vectors such that a.b = a.c = 0 and angle between b and
 
c is
6

(
, prove that a = 2 b  c . )
 


30. If a vector ⃗a makes an angle of with the positive directions of each of X and Y- axis,
4
then find the angle which is made by it with positive direction of Z- axis. Hence write
the unit vector of ⃗a.
x −1 y − 2 z − 3 x − 4 y +1 z
31. Show that the lines = = and = = intersect.
2 3 4 5 5 1
32. Determine whether or not the following pairs of lines intersect. If these intersect, find
the point of intersection, otherwise obtain the shortest distance between them:

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r = î + ĵ + λ (3î − ĵ) and r = 4î − k̂ + μ (2î + 3k̂)

33. If the vertices P, Q and R of a triangle have coordinates (2, 3, 5), (–1, 3, 2) and (3, 5, –
2) respectively. Find the angle of  PQR.
34. Find the equations of the straight lines through the point (a, b, c) which are
(a) parallel to z-axis (b) perpendicular to z-axis
35. Find the coordinates of the point which divides the line joining points (2, 3, 4) and (3,
– 4, 7) in ratio 5:3 internally.
36. Prove that the three point A (3, – 2, 4), B (1, 1, 1) and C (– 1,4 –2) are collinear.
37. Find the direction ratios and direction cosines of the line joining the points A (6, –7, –
1) and B (2, – 3, 1).
38. If points P, Q are (2, 3, 4), (1, –2, 1), then prove that OP is perpendicular to OQ where
O is (0, 0, 0).
39. Find the coordinates of the point where the line joining the points (2, –3, 1) and (3, –
4, –5) cuts the plane 2x + y +z = 7.
40. If the vertices of the triangle PQR are (2, 1, 1), (3, 1, 2) and (– 4, 0, 1). Find the area of
the triangle.
41. Find equation of straight line which passes through the point P (1, 0, –3) and Q (–2, 1,
–4).
42. Find the angle between two diagonals of a cube.
43. Given that A (3, 2, –4), B (5, 4, –6) and C (9, 8, –10) are collinear. Find the ratio in which
B divides AC.
44. If P1P2 is perpendicular to P2P3, then find the value of k is, where P1(k, 1, –1), P2(2k, 0,
2) and P3(2 + 2k, k, 1).
45. Show that a powerful bomb shot along the line of fire x = 2s + 1, y = 3s + 2, z = 4s + 3
will never hit a helicopter flying in the plane 2x + 4y – 4z + 11 = 0.
46. Evaluate: î. ( ĵ × k ̂) +ĵ.( k ×̂ î ) + k. (̂ î× ĵ )
47. If 𝑎 and 𝑏 are two vectors of magnitude 3 and 2/3 respectively such that 𝑎 x 𝑏 is a
unit vector, write the angle between 𝑎 and 𝑏 .
48. Find the equation of a straight line parallel to the x-axis and passing through the point
(a, b, c).
49. Write equation of a line passing through (0, 1, 2) and equally inclined to co-ordinate
axes.
50. If O is origin OP = 3 with direction ratios proportional to –1, 2, – 2 then what are
the coordinates of P?
51. If the points (–1, –1, 2), (2, m, 5) and (3, 11, 6) are collinear, find the value of m.
52. If 𝑎 is a unit vector and (𝑥 − 𝑎).(𝑥 + 𝑎 ) = 8. Find |𝑥 |.
53. If 𝑎 = i + j + k, 𝑏 = i + 3j + 5k and 𝑐 = 7i + 9j + 11k, then find the area of the
parallelogram having diagonals 𝑎 + 𝑏 and 𝑏 + 𝑐 .
54. Find the direction cosines of a line passing through the points (-1, 0, 2) and (3, 4,
6).

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55. Find a unit vector perpendicular to the plane of triangle ABC, where the coordinates
of its vertices are A(3, -1, 2), B(1, -1, -3) and C(4, -3, 1).
56. The dot product of a vector with the vectors 𝑖̂ - 3 𝑘,̂ 𝑖̂ - 2 𝑘̂ and 𝑖̂ + 𝑗̂ + 4 𝑘̂ are 0, 5 and 8
respectively. Find the vector.
57. The scalar product of the vector î + ĵ + k̂ with the unit vector along the sum of vectors
2̂i + 4 ĵ -5 k̂and λ̂i + 2 ĵ +3 k̂ is equal to one. Find the value of λ.
58. If l1 , m1 , n1 , and l2 , m2 , n2 are direction cosines of two mutually perpendicular lines,
show that the direction cosines of line perpendicular to both of them are m1n2 – n1m2
, n1 l2 – l1n2 , l1m2 – m1l2.
  
59. If a , b and c are three mutually perpendicular vectors of equal magnitudes, prove that
     
a + b + c is equally inclined with the vectors a , b and c .
x +1 y + 3 z + 2
60. Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the line = = with
1 3 -2
the plane 3x + 4y + 5z = 5.
61. Find the foot of the perpendicular from the point (2, 3, -8) to the given line. Also, find
4 − x y 1− z
the perpendicular distance from the given point to the line = =
2 6 3
62. Find the image of the point A (1, 0, 3) to the line of join of the points B (4, 7, 1) and C
(3, 5, 3).
63. Find out perpendicular distance of point P (0, –1, 3) from straight line passing through
A (1, –3, 2) and B (2, –1, 4).
64. Find the coordinates of a point on the line (x + 2)/3 = (y + 1)/2 = (z − 3)/2 at a distance
6
of from the point (1, 2, 3).
√12
65. A line makes angles , , ,  with the four diagonals of a cube then prove that cos2
 + cos2  + cos2  + cos2  = 4/3.

An Error Doesn’t Become A Mistake Until You

Refuse to Correct It - ABHISHEK JAIN

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CLASS – XII (MATHEMATICS) SRAJAN NURTURES

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