Well Head Equipment

INTRODUCTION TO THE MANUAL:

This manual includes all operator-relevant information for WHE equipment. It has been
compiled from different sources.

Information has been presented in a simplified form for those operators who do not have a lot of
exposure to WHE Equipment. This book includes more graphics - figures for ease of
understanding. It gives the operator knowledge of basic equipment used for a WHE rig-up, why
it is used and how it works.

There is no such thing as a "ROUTINE" pressure job and a lot of the safety hazards can be
minimized by a proper maintenance schedule and a thorough knowledge of the equipment and
its use under normal and abnormal conditions.

I hope this manual will go a long way in training an important segment of our field crew - the
operators,

Mejar Singh.
Mumbai,INDIA.

This book does not replace any Manual.

A typical WHE set up
 Line Wiper
The line wiper, which is installed on top of the pressure equipment, has only one purpose: to clean the cable as
it comes out of the well. The line wiper is limited to wiping action only because of the presence of a 100 psi
relief valve placed between the Line wiper and the stuffing box. Hydraulic pressure (supplied by a hydraulic
hand pump or, better, a pressure control unit) activates the wiping action. The hydraulic fluid pushes the piston
up, squeezing the spring sleeve and the packing element around the cable. Excess grease accumulates under the
line wiper and drains away through the HGT grease return hose via hose B022606 and a one-way valve.

The rubber packing element is slit down one side, lengthwise, so that it can be replaced quickly. It wears out
rapidly and must be changed often, depending on the working conditions.

Remember, the line wiper is designed ONLY to wipe the cable, not to replace the stuffing box (described
below). During operations, a minimum amount of hydraulic pressure is required to gently squeeze the packing
around the cable. Activate line wiper ensuring that normal tension does not increase beyond 100 lbs Additional
pressure produces no benefits and puts unnecessary stress on the line wiper.

How it works:
- - Pressure up hydraulic line
- - Piston moves up
- - Compresses spring sleeve
- - Lower bushing in lower cage compresses Line rubber packing
- - Excess grease accumulates in lower body which goes down through the hose B022606,Check valve and then
through the Grease Return hose.
- - Release hydraulic pressure and spring sleeve pushes piston back to original position.
Make sure rubbers are checked often. They wear at the bottom tip.
 Stuffing Box
The stuffing box or pack-off is located above the grease tubes and below the line wiper. In case of an
emergency, such as losing the grease seal, the cable is STOPPED and hydraulic pressure is applied to the
piston, which squeezes the rubber element around the cable, providing a positive seal. When the grease seal is
restored, the stuffing box is reopened and operations resumed. Also it is used when the cable is going to be
stationery for an extended period of time.
The cable is not free to move when the pack-off is closed. In fact it is possible for the rubber to grip the cable so
tightly that it breaks cable when sufficient pull is applied.
The stuffing box consists of a rubber element which fits around the cable and is mounted under a spring-loaded
piston. To close the pack-off, hydraulic fluid is pumped into a chamber above the piston. The piston is pushed
against the force of the spring and squeezes the rubber element. When hydraulic pressure is released, the spring
pushes the piston upward and the rubber expands to release the cable.
The one-way valve is an essential element and is marked with an arrow to show the direction of grease flow. If
the grease supply fails, well pressure gets applied to the grease return hose. The standard procedure is to close
the needle valve at the end of the grease return hose after closing the stuffing box. However, the line B022606
bypasses the stuffing box and well fluids would be discharged through the poppet valve (B016320). The one-
way valve is placed in the system to prevent just this kind of an emergency

Piston

100 psi Pressure

Grease Return Relief Valve
from line wiper (Poppet valve)
Grease return hose
(B022606) Hydraulic port
Spring
Atmospheric Hole

Glan
One way Check d
valve
Valve Split Line
Rubber
Split Disk
Grease Insert
Return Body

Top of
Flow
Tube

NEVER PACKOFF ACROSS A MOVING LINE.

NEVER CLOSE THE POPPET VALVE
Check inserts body holes often for plugging.
Excess grease from Line Wiper flows out of top 1/4” connections.
If you have lost Grease seal because of the following reasons:

a) Grease supply empty or contaminated

b) Viscosity of Grease too high or too low
c) Injection line or check valve plugged
d) Pump failure or insufficient air pressure
e) Cable speed too fast
f) New cable in gas well
g) Improper size flow tubes or not enough flow tubes

Take steps mentioned below:

1. Stop the winch.

2. Increase grease pressure.
3. Will likely correct problem.
If unsuccessful:
1. Activate stuffing box by applying hydraulic pressure to it.
2. Close grease return line which is on the console(Drain valve)
Troubleshoot problem
3. Confirm seal and open return line valve
4. Open stuffing box
5. Proceed with operations

Drain valve
 Enviro Line Wiper / Stuffing Box
The Elmar “Enviro” Combination Stuffing Box and Line Wiper is designed for use with wireline grease
injection control heads, for wiping the excess grease from the moving cable(Line Wiper) and for packing off
(sealing) on a stationery cable incase of grease loss(Stuffing Box)

This new design improves the wiping action and reduces grease spillage.

Due to the unique reverse design, the line wiping efficiency is increased resulting in cleaner cable, less grease
escaping from the top and cleaner well site/derrick. Excess grease is returned via a grease return line.

The Enviro™ Stuffing Box and Line Wiper can be dressed for use with braided wire from 0.188” to 0.520”
diameter and can be supplied for use with concentric (2”-10TPI) or solid (2”-6-60°) type flotubes.

The Elmar Enviro™ Grease Injection Control Head is supplied with a pin threaded connection on bottom and a
wire tulip guide on top.

-10,000 psi Working Pressure, H2S Service.

- Fully certified API 6A, NACE
- (1) Grease Return line
- Line Wiper check valve and a second return hose assembly not required.
- Low pressure “Pop-off” relief valve is not required.
- Integral grease return manifold.
 Grease Injection Control Head
The Grease Injecting Control head is designed to perform a wireline sealing function in the most efficient and
economical manner possible.

The grease injection control head creates and maintains a seal around a stationary or running wireline cable,
preventing the loss of well bore fluids and gas to the environment and the potential exposure of personnel to
harmful fluids.

Viscous grease is injected into the annular space between the Flow tube and the cable, creating the pressure
gradient along the tube that maintains a grease seal. This pressure gradient is higher than the gradient developed
by the well fluids, so those fluids cannot pass upwards and the well pressure is contained.

• The system we use consists of an assembly of flow

tubes having an inside diameter slightly larger
(0.005 inch to 0.008 inch) than the diameter of the
cable passing through them. Viscous grease is
injected through a check valve into the annular space
between the tubes and the cable at a pressure about
20% higher than the Maximum Potential Wellhead
Pressure. Some grease leaks into the well and some
leaks to the outside, along the cable. The grease that
escapes to the outside is collected as waste.(From the
return line)
• As the tubes or cable wear, grease consumption
increases and, eventually, a seal can no longer be
maintained. Therefore, it is important to match the
flow tube internal diameter (ID) to the cable outside
diameter (OD) and to change the tubes when
necessary.
• The cable should have a uniform diameter. Because
cables are often flattened when they are spooled on
the drum, diameter measurements are better made
every 1000 ft while pulling the cable out of the hole.
Worn sections should be cut when necessary. When
you install a new cable on the logging unit, a good
practice is to pass the entire length of the cable
through the appropriate flow tubes while injecting
some grease to fill the voids between the inner and
outer armors of the cable. The grease will later
prevent the gas from migrating through the armors.
 Flow Tubes
• Two types of Flow Tubes are available.The Concentric type and the Solid type.

• Solid flow tube system—

• Designed for specific cable size
• Insert centralizes cable in flow tube
• Both should be changed with different cable size
• Concentric tube system—
• Designed for changing cable size
• Inner sleeve should be changed with different cable size
• Outer sleeve remains the same
• No centralizers
• Pick properly sized flow tubes
• Measure cable OD during operations
• 0.005 – 0.008 in. clearance between flow tube ID and cable OD
• Gauge flow tube ID regularly
• Install correct size wear bushings (for solid flow tubes only)

Solid Flow Tube

Outer Sleeve

Insert

Inner Sleeve also known

as Flow Tube

Concentric Flow Tubes Fluid

Maximum Potential WHP(psi) Type # of Solid Flow Tubes # of Concentric Flow tubes
0-5000 Liquid 3 3
0-5000 Gas 4 4
5000-7500 Liquid 4 5
5000-7500 Gas 5 5
7500-10000 Liquid 5 6
7500-10000 Gas 6 6
 Ball Check Valve
Should the cable break and be blown out of the hole, the grease in the control head will no longer seal against
well pressure. Without some way to control this pressure, well fluids will escape to the atmosphere. The ball
check valve provides this pressure control, shutting off the well under such conditions. The ball check valve is
located between the grease injection control head and the tool catcher.

Under normal conditions, a cable passing through the valve forces the ball aside. If the cable is removed, the
well flow pushes the ball upwards to seal against the ball seat. The greater the well pressure is, the more tightly
the valve seals. Figure below represents an independent ball check valve (i.e., one not combined with a tool
catcher)
 Tool Catcher
The Hydraulic Tool Catcher is a safety device installed below the Grease injection Control Head(Flow Tubes)
and the Ball check valve.

The Tool catcher is used to catch the tool safely both during the pressure testing and in the event of the cable
being stripped from the Rope socket, the Tool catcher will engage the Fishing Neck and prevent the loss of the
Tool String downhole thus preventing a fishing job.

The Hydraulic Tool Catcher is designed to be fail safe: it is therefore permanently in the catch position.Once the
Rope Socket is engaged in the collet assembly,hydraulic pressure is required to release it.

Elmar Hydraulic Tool Catchers are normally supplied with an integral ball check valve assembly,and a top
connection into which a grease head (flow tube) can be directly screwed.

As an option the tool catcher is available with a Glycol injection port.

How it works:

Tool Stop - Pressure up hydraulic line

- Piston starts moving up and with that it

Piston Spring Compresses Piston spring also.

Collet Spring - Collet Assembly starts moving up with the

Piston, and starts compressing the Collet
Piston Spring.

- Collet Assembly starts opening up as it

Collet Mandrel goes over the Collet mandrel.

Collet Assembly - Tool gets released.

- Release hydraulic pressure and Piston

Spring pushes piston back to original
position and Collet Spring pushes the Collet
Assembly back to the Catch Position.
 Riser / Lubricator
The Lubricator with threaded Unions is used to contain well pressure when required for wireline
operations.Positioned above the Wireline valve or the Tool Trap,the Lubricator section with threaded unions
enables the Wireline tool string to be introduced into the well.

The lubricator, commonly known as a riser, is a tubular section with quick union connections at each end. The
upper end with threads on the outside is called the “Box” and the lower end with the collar is called the “Pin”.

The first generation of lubricators (rated for 5000 psi, non-H2S service) used lengths of P-105 or P-110 tubing
(EUE thread) onto which the end unions were screwed on. These are obsolete.

The second generation, was the integral lubricator which had the end unions butt-welded onto alloy steel tubes.
The collar on the pin end of these lubricators were made from a single piece of alloy steel and were permanently
fitted. These are rated to 10,000 psi and are still in common use.

The most recent integral lubricators are made of a single piece of alloy steel. This eliminates the need for
welding on the heat treated steel. The collar is designed such that it can be fitted (or removed) onto the
lubricator after the lubricator is machined.

Lubricator sections are available in standard lengths of 4, 5, 8 & 10 feet and internal diameters ranging from 2.5
inches onwards. They are rated for various working pressures and service ratings.
Operation
Sufficient lengths of lubricator must be used to contain the toolstring that is being run, plus a safety margin of 3
feet. This length should be contained above the tool trap. This safety margin should be increased if hydrates are
known to be present in the well.The ID of the lubricator should have sufficient clearance in relation to the
largest OD of the toolstring being run. Appropriately rated lubricator clamp and lifting slings should be used to
rig up and support the lubricator string.
 Elmar “Lite” lubricators
The Elmar “Lite” lubricators enable the wireline tool string to be introduced or retrieved from a well bore under
pressure. They are normally positioned above the wireline valve, tool trap or quick test sub. By using high
strength stainless steel alloys, the weight of a lubricator section is reduced by up to 70% with respect to
conventional integral lubricators.

The Elmar “Lite” lubricator consists of four basic parts: a quick union collar, a male quick union, a lubricator
tube, and a female quick union. The quick unions are manufactured in H2S resistant alloy steel to prevent
galling.

Elmar “Lite” lubricators are rated 10,000 psi H2S service. The Elmar lightweight quick unions have been
selected for optimum weight reduction and to prevent unsafe cross-string assembly. Upper and lower adapters
are available to connect existing equipment. These are rated 5,000 psi or 10,000 psi depending on the type of
connection.

Features:

• Corrosion Resistant Tube made from high strength NACE Certified Stainless Steel
• Quick unions are coupled through Premium Elmar Lite Coupling:
o Tube-to-union seal is metal-to-metal backed-up by O-Ring
o Special handling tools supplied. Calibrated torque is not required
• Bending stresses at the thread undercut are minimised
• Elmar Lightweight Quick Unions:
o 3" ID: 4 3/4"- 4x2thd (3.750" seal dia)
o 4 1/16" ID: 6 1/8"- 4x2thd (4.750" seal dia)
• “Otis Type” Union:
o 5 1/8” ID: 9"- 4thd (6.750" seal dia)
• Other unions available upon request

Light Weight Lubricator

 Tool Trap
The Hydraulic Tool Trap is a safety device for Installation between the Wireline Valve(BOP) and the
Lubricator / Riser.

When in place the Hydraulic Tool Trap prevents the loss of wireline Tools downhole in the event of the cable
being stripped from the Rope Socket.Any tool dropped inside the Lubricator will be caught by the flapper in the
Tool Trap.The flapper has an opening larger than the Wireline but smaller than the Toolstring.

To operate,the internal piston is actuated by a hydraulic supply.This raises the flapper and allows the Toolstring
to pass through the Tool Trap.The piston is then pumped back to its orignal position,and small springs ensure
that the flapper returns to the trap position.

The Toolstring may be pulled freely upward through the Tool Trap.The flapper will be deflected upward
allowing the Toolstring to pass,and drop back into the trap position once the Toolstring passes the flapper.

Hydraulic Tool Trap with External Indicator

The Elmar Hydraulic Tool Trap with external indicator is installed between the Wireline Valve and the
lubricator string. It prevents the loss of wireline tools downhole in the event of the wire being pulled-off the
rope socket, by retaining the dropping tool on a flapper. The flapper has an opening larger than the wireline, but
smaller than the tool string.

The flapper is operated by a hydraulic actuator, through an external handle, connected to the flapper with a low-
torque pressure-balanced shaft. The external handle doubles as a tool passage indicator. The tool string may be
pulled freely upwards through the tool trap. The flapper will move upwards, together with the external handle,
indicating tool passage. As soon as the string bottom has cleared the flapper, the flapper will drop back into the
trap position, pushed by a torsion spring. The flapper can be lifted remotely when running a tool in the well by
activating the piston in the hydraulic actuator. Pumping back the piston to its original position allows the flapper
to return to its trap position.

The hydraulic actuator can be operated by a dual output manual pump or with an Elmar Hydraulic Control
Module.

Features:

• Lightweight - 3” 10,000 psi working pressure (part number L-971169)

• Positive tool passage indicator
• Pressure-balanced flapper shaft
• Remote hydraulic operation. Enhanced operational safety
• Can be operated manually in case of hydraulic failure
 Quick Test Sub

The Elmar Quick Test Sub (QTS) is designed to avoid pressure testing with explosive devices (perfo gun,
puncher, setting tool etc etc) inside the lubricators which is forbidden by Schlumberger. It also saves rig time
while pressure testing the Wireline pressure control equipment string when multipe wireline runs are required.

The Elmar Quick Test Sub is connected either above or below the Wireline Valve (preferably above) at the
position of the joint normally opened to insert and retrieve the tools from the well.After performing the first
pressure test to check the integrity of the whole string,subsequent pressure test can be made using the Quick
test sub to verify the joint disconnected,rather than having to test the whole assembly.This is achieved by
connecting a hydraulic hand pump to the Quick Test Sub and test the joint “O” ring seal which was broken.

Features:

Eliminates risks of pressure testing with perforating guns.

Saves Rig time
Eliminates prospect of contamination of well with test fluids
Saves on test fluids (Glycol)
 Pump In Sub
PIS if placed below the lowest pressure barrier

The pump in sub is normally positioned below the wireline valve and above the wellhead.Its main function is to
allow well control by pumping fluid below a closed wireline valve.
• When placed below lowest pressure barrier—
– Lateral entry must be integral or connected with API 6A flange
– Must be connected to gate type valve with API 6A flange. Plug valves allowed up to 5000 psi
WP(No H2S)
– Hammer unions are only permitted after gate/plug valve

The reason we need to have all this in place is because if we have to close the lowest
barrier(Wireline valve) the well pressure is going to act on the hammar union which does not
comply with API specification 6A .

Gate valve

Plug Valve
 PIS if placed above the lowest pressure barrier

• When placed above the lowest pressure barrier—

- The lateral entry must be either integral or flanged to the body of the sub,and can be connected with a
1502 hammar union to a plug valve(or Low Torque valve)

1502 Hammar union

 Hydraulic-Actuation Twin-Ram BOP
A single-ram BOP seals adequately against liquids at low pressures. While a single-ram BOP may be sufficient
for open hole work, it is inadequate against high pressure fluids, especially gas than can migrate through the
interstices between the cable armors. Figure below illustrates a cable inside rams and shows the space between
the inner and outer armor strands where leaks can occur.

Occasionally, you can achieve a complete seal on an older cable in which the voids between strands are filled
with paraffin, dirt, etc. However, you cannot rely on such a seal, because it almost certainly will fail in service.

In order to achieve a complete seal on a wireline, it is necessary to use two sets of rams to close on the line, and
to inject grease in between them at a pressure slightly higher (20%) than the well pressure.

Figure below shows this configuration as employed in a hydraulically actuated twin-ram BOP. Two sets of
hydraulically operated rams are mounted one above another in a single body. The upper rams are sealed with
the well pressure. The lower rams are set upside-down, sealing against pressure from above. This means that the
Lower rams are sealing because of the grease pressure which you are injecting. Grease is injected through a port
between the two sets of rams which will penetrate the cable and fill the voids between the strands so that a
complete seal is obtained. The seal will hold indefinitely, as long as grease pressure is maintained, and often
will hold up to one hour after the grease pressure is removed.

The twin ram Wireline valve is a secondary single barrier because only the top ram can hold well pressure.
Operation:

When the BOP is closed, hydraulic fluid is pumped into an outer chamber, pushing the piston (which is
connected to the rams) inwards. Oil from the inner chamber returns to the reservoir. When the rams have been
closed hydraulically, the handles are manually screwed in to provide a backup for additional safety. With these
handles closed, the BOP cannot be opened hydraulically.

To open the BOP, the handles must first be unscrewed. The rams remain closed. Hydraulic pressure applied to
the inner chambers pushes the piston connected to the rams. Hydraulic fluid in the outer chamber returns to the
reservoir.

Hydraulic BOP’S are preferable to manual ones, in part, because they are safer: they are operated remotely and
activated more quickly. Thus, should the rams need to be closed in an emergency; the operator can stay out of
the potentially dangerous area around the wellhead.

If the hydraulic pump fails, you can still operate the BOP manually. First, with the pump in "neutral position,"
open the hydraulic lines at either side of the piston to allow free movement of the hydraulic fluid. Then use the
handles to manually close the BOP.

Note, however, that you cannot re-open the BOP manually. By design, the BOP must be re-opened
hydraulically.

Picture below shows grease pressure acting on the Closed Wireline valves

Inject Grease
20% more than
the WHP
 Compact Triple Ram Wireline Valve

The The Triple Ram Wireline Valve is similar to the Dual Wireline valve except that it has an extra set of rams.
The Triple ram Wireline valve is a Secondary dual barrier,if the top ram fail to seal you can close the middle
ram and attempt to seal the well pressure.

Methodology for ram closing

1. Close top ram (seals off well)
2. Close lower ram (seals off riser)
3. Inject grease
4. If no seal, close middle ram (2nd attempt to seal off well
5. Inject grease between the bottom two rams
6. Ensure proper seal
7. Bleed off lubricator pressure and proceed as normal
8. At this point, the top ram is not exposed to well pressure and should be replaced

General Information
• Will not seal on a moving cable
• Will lose seal if cable is moved after sealing
• Equalize pressure around rams before opening (seals will get damage if you do not equalize pressure)
• Do not apply excessive hydraulic pressure (Applying excessive hydraulic pressure will cause damage to
Ram Seals)
• Dual Ram BOP has a seal ratio of about 8:1 i.e. to seal against 800 psi of well pressure, the rams should
be actuated with 100 psi hydraulic pressure.
• Actuating pressure to well pressure ratio of BOP-M is about 20:1.

Never close a BOP unless it is absolutely necessary!

• A BOP will give guaranteed seal only on the first "close“
• Primary use of BOP is to provide a barrier if anything wrong above it (bird cage, leak, damaged WHE)
• BOP can provide a 3rd (2nd “static”) seal for the cased hole operations
– Grease seal, primary, dynamic
– Stuffing box, secondary, static
 Equalizing Manifold
An equalizer manifold made of a solid block and integrated into the wireline valve body .Fig. below shows,
an arrangement of valves makes it possible to select which pressure to monitor and to determine where to
inject the grease. This configuration also makes it possible to inject glycol or methanol.

• Equalizing manifold compulsory on all BOPs

• Block manifolds are compulsory if WHP > 2500 psi
• Check valve mandatory on all injection points
• Allows injection of methanol or glycol
• Draining lubricator through manifold drain line presents freezing hazard

Features of Block Manifold

1. To equalizing pressure
2. To pump grease between rams
3. To pump glycol into system / well
4. To monitor grease pressure during job
Compact BOP (Wireline Valve) Manifold Block -- L980115

GAUGE

A
B
B

Dump
C

D
D

Grease Injection

E
E

Glycol Injection

F
F
 Operation and Maintenance of Compact BOP (Wireline
Valve) Manifold Block -- L980115
WELLSITE OPERATIONS

During normal wellsite operation it is best practice to have all manifold valves closed except
valve A. Valve A should remain open to enable reading of well bore pressure.

Sealing on wireline and injecting grease.

If the requirement arises to close the BOP (Wireline Valve) around the cable then grease
injection should be used to pack off the cable and create a reliable seal.

- Close the upper most rams.

- Close the lowermost rams.
- Ensure valves A, B, D, and F are closed and that a needle valve with an high pressure
hose is connected to the dump port.
- Open valve C to monitor Grease injection pressure.
- Open valve E and inject grease in between the upper and lower rams.
- Continue injecting grease at 1.2 times the well head pressure.
- Note: If you are injecting grease between Upper most and Lower most Wireline valve
you can inject grease by opening valve D or E.But if you are going to inject grease
between Middle and Lower Wireline valve then you have to open valve E only.

Bleeding down the lubricators/risers through manifold.

- Ensure valve C is closed (very important)

- Open valve A and slowly open valve B.
- Monitor lubricator pressure using gauge manifold.
- Once the riser pressure is zero you need to confirm if wireline valve is making a seal.
- Check by putting end of bleed-off line in bucket of water. If no leak that means the
grease seal is valid

NOTE: Risk of High pressure and poisonous gases and fluids.

Ensure needle valve with high pressure hose is connected to the Dump port and that fluids are
directed to an area well away from personnel. Ensure hose end is tied down and terminates in a
“T”.Consider wind direction etc.
Equalizing pressure prior to opening rams.

- Ensure valve B is closed.

- Inject grease in HGT at 1.2 times the well head pressure.
- Slowly open valve C and the lowest equalization valve F and read well pressure on
gauge.
- Slowly open valve A and monitor the well pressure rise on the gauge manifold.
- When well pressure has reached open all ram assemblies.

Combating Hydrates.

Under certain conditions of pressure (High) and temperature (Low), some constituents of
natural gas combine with water vapor form Hydrocarbon Hydrates.

To combat this glycol may be injected through the manifold to ease the situation.

- Close valve A, B, D and E.

- Open valve C to monitor Glycol injection pressure.
- Open the lowest equalization valve F.
- Inject glycol or methanol through injection port.

Glycol is used to prevent the formation of Hydrates whereas Methanol is used when Hydrates
have already been formed. (40%-60% methanol-water)
Note: The new type of Tool catcher has a port from where you can effectively pump Glycol.
A check valve is mandatory at all injection point.

Post Job
It is important that after every job the Manifold is correctly maintained. Mud and well fluids
will cause excessive corrosion and pitting, which will give rise to sealing problems.

If the equipment has been used on a corrosive gas or mud well then it is advisable to strip and
clean the manifold assembly. Replace all the O rings seal in the manifold.

As a minimum:

- Open valve F to check for trapped pressure.

- Slowly open all the other valves to check for trapped pressure.
- Remove dump plug and replace with grease injection fitting.(L- 973245)
- Attach hand grease pump to injection fitting.
- Close valves A, D, E, F.Open vales B and C.
- Remove gauge arm plug.
- Pump hand pump until grease appears at gauge port. Replace plug.
- Open each valve in turn and pump grease until seen existing hole inside BOP bore. Close
each valve after completion before opening the next.
Compact BOP (Wireline Valve) Manifold Block -- L980064
 Operation and Maintenance of Compact BOP (Wireline
Valve) Manifold Block -- L980064
WELLSITE OPERATIONS

During normal wellsite operation it is best practice to have all manifold valves closed except
valve A. Valve A should remain open to enable reading of well bore pressure.

Sealing on wireline and injecting grease.

If the requirement arises to close the BOP (Wireline Valve) around the cable then grease
injection should be used to pack off the cable and create a reliable seal.

- Close the upper rams.

- Close the lower rams.
- Ensure valves A, B, and E are closed and that a needle valve with an high pressure hose
is connected to the dump port.
- Open valve C to monitor Grease injection pressure.
- Open valve D and inject grease in between the upper and lower rams.
- Continue injecting grease at 1.2 times the well head pressure.

Bleeding down the lubricators/risers.

- Ensure valve C is closed (very important)

- Open valve A and slowly open valve B.
- Monitor lubricator pressure using gauge manifold.
- Once the riser pressure is zero you need to confirm if wireline valve is making a seal.
- Check by putting end of bleed-off line in bucket of water. If no leak that means the
grease seal is valid.

NOTE: Risk of High pressure and poisonous gases and fluids.

Ensure needle valve with high pressure hose is connected to the Dump port and that fluids are
directed to an area well away from personnel. Ensure hose end is tied down and terminates in a
“T”.Consider wind direction etc.
Equalizing pressure prior to opening rams.

- Ensure valve B is closed.

- Inject grease in HGT at 1.2 times the well head pressure.
- Slowly open valve C and the lowest equalization valve E and read well pressure on
gauge.
- Slowly open valve A and monitor the well pressure rise on the gauge manifold.

When well pressure has reached open all ram assemblies

Combating Hydrates.

Under certain conditions of pressure (High) and temperature (Low), some constituents of
natural gas combine with water vapor form Hydrocarbon Hydrates.
To combat this glycol may be injected through the manifold to ease the situation.

- Close valve A, B, and D.

- Open valve C to monitor Glycol injection pressure.
- Open the lowest equalization valve E.
- Inject glycol or methanol through injection port.

Glycol is used to prevent the formation of Hydrates whereas Methanol is used when Hydrates
have already been formed. (40%-60% methanol-water)
Note: The new type of Tool catcher has a port from where you can effectively pump Glycol.
A check valve is mandatory at all injection point.

Post Job
It is important that after every job the Manifold is correctly maintained. Mud and well fluids
will cause excessive corrosion and pitting, which will give rise to sealing problems.

If the equipment has been used on a corrosive gas or mud well then it is advisable to strip and
clean the manifold assembly. Replace all the O rings seal in the manifold.

As a minimum:

- Open valve E to check for trapped pressure.

- Slowly open all the other valves to check for trapped pressure.
- Remove dump plug and replace with grease injection fitting.(L- 973245)
- Attach hand grease pump to injection fitting.
- Close valves A, D, E.Open vales B and C.
- Remove gauge arm plug.
- Pump hand pump until grease appears at gauge port. Replace plug.
- Open each valve in turn and pump grease until seen existing hole inside BOP bore. Close
each valve after completion before opening the next.
 Wellhead Adapters
These adapters provide the connection between the wellhead and the pressure equipment. Following are
descriptions of two common adapters:

The wellhead flange adapter comprises a union box The threaded swage adapter has an API pin thread on
for the upper connection and an API flange for the the bottom and a quick union box connection on top, as
lower connection, as shown in figure below. The shown below.
seal is achieved with steel or brass ring placed
between the flanges and located in the seal ring The maximum allowable well head pressure (WHP or
grooves. MPWHP) to which the threaded connection must be
exposed is 2500 psi, no H2S. Because it relies on
makeup torque to seal, rather than using a replaceable
ring.

• Bolts, distributed around the outer part of the

flange, are used to create a metal to metal
seal. The number of bolts and the size of the
flange vary according to the pressure rating.
• Safe only when all bolts of the proper grade
(Grade B-7 with 2-H nuts) and size are used
and torque to API specs In addition, the pick-up threads found in most
• The design of these cross-over adapters wellheads are exposed to well fluids and, often, rough
eliminates all torque-dependent seals, such handling, compromising their strength.
as those of tubing or casing threads. This
reduces the chance of leakage, but increases Read Wireline Pressure Operation Manual section
installation time. 9.1.5.1 API threaded Connection for further details.
• Ring gaskets should be discarded after each
use
 Pressure Control and Grease Injection Unit
The very first WHE setups included several hydraulic hand pumps and, mounted on top of the grease drum, one
grease pump. Today, all the pressure control, grease storage and grease injection functions are gathered together
in a single unit. This configuration has numerous advantages over conventional equipment:

• Simpler rig-up and operations.

• Minimal floor space requirement.
• Improved safety. One person can easily control all the WHE equipment from a single location at a safe
distance from the wellhead, and the rig floor is less crowded with hoses and pumps.

A typical unit usually has two systems:

• The grease injection system, which comprises two-air driven grease pumps (WIWA), the grease
injection and grease return hoses (mounted on reels with another hose for grease injection between
rams) and the grease tank. All controls, gauges, valves and regulators are easily accessible from the
control panel.
• The hydraulic control system, which comprises an air-driven hydraulic pump (HASKEL), to operate the
various components of the WHE, and a hydraulic oil tank. A High Pressure Low Volume and a Low
Pressure High Volume hand pumps and a hydraulic accumulator are provided as backups. The hoses are
mounted on reels for fast rig-up. Controls are available on the control panel.

The pressure control units are modular and available in many different configurations. They can include
hydraulically driven grease pumps (instead of air-driven pumps) for very high pressure jobs, a diesel-driven air
compressor and a storage rack for the WHE. Figure below shows a typical unit, including the control panel with
its engraved, color-coded schematics.
 Hydraulic Wire line Annular -- BOP – V

The Hydraulic Wireline Annular BOP is designed to seal on a static cable under pressure. It is meant to be used
for “Safety While Logging” applications and for perforating with large guns.

Position above the Drilling BOP, or a “Shooting Nipple”, it offers a clean bore of 6” to 6.5” (depending on
connection type) to run a tool through. The cable and the rope socket are initially threaded through the top
section and connected to the Logging head. Several elements are split or slotted for ease of assembly. In
subsequent runs the top section is lifted with the Logging head and remains with the cable while tools are laid
down.

The Elmar Hydraulic Wireline Annular BOP seals by squeezing a split rubber element which is wrapped around
the wire. This element effectively seals against the well pressure, as well as wiping the cable free of fluid.

It is designed so that the rubber element which is in direct contact with the cable can be easily replaced.

An air cleaner is integral to the unit. A hydraulic hand pump is required to operate the pack-off.

• BOP-V is a single Pack-Off

• Can be connected onto a BOP-M (with adequate bottom connection)
• ID varies from 6” to 6.5” depending on the bottom union
• A BOP-V can also be converted to a BOP-D via a modification kit
 Hydraulic Wireline Annular -- BOP – D

The Dual Hydraulic Wireline Annular Valve (BOP-D) is designed to seal on a static cable under pressure and is
recommended for “Safety while Logging” applications and for perforating with large guns.

Position above the Drilling BOP, or a “Shooting Nipple”, it offers, once rigged up, a clean bore of 6” to 6.5”
(depending on connection type) to run a tool through. The cable and the rope socket are initially threaded
through the upper section and then connected to the Logging head before passage through the middle and lower
section. Several elements are split or slotted for ease of assembly. In subsequent runs the upper and middle
section is lifted with the Logging head and remains with the cable while tools are laid down.

The Elmar Dual Hydraulic Wireline Annular Valve (BOP-D) seals by squeezing a split rubber element which is
wrapped around the cable. This element seals on the cable outer amour against the well pressure, as well as
wiping the cable free of fluid.

It is designed so that the rubber element which is in direct contact with the cable can be easily replaced.

The sealing element will seal on static cable, although the ideal cable to seal on is a seasoned cable.

An air cleaner is integral to the unit. A hydraulic hand pump is required to operate the pack-off.
 Enviro Compact Dual Pack-off

The Elmar Dual Hydraulic (Compact Dual pack-off) is designed to seal on a static cable under pressure. It is
meant to be used for “Safety While Logging” applications.

Positioned above the tubing/casing, the Compact Dual pack-off is built around the wire before the wire line tool
is lowered into the well.

The compact dual pack-off works by squeezing each of the two independent rubber elements which are
wrapped around the cable. The sealing element will seal on static cable, although the ideal cable to seal on is a
seasoned cable.

The Dual compact pack-off is designed so that the rubber element is in direct contact with the cable is easily
replaced.

0-3000 psi hand pumps and hoses are required to operate the Line Wiper.

• Light
• ID limited (1.75”)
• Can be effectively used in operations where no other WHE is needed (e.g. back-off)
• Valid dual barrier
 Dual Pack off and crossovers
For 7 inch Liner

Enviro Dual Hydraulic Quick Union crossover Assembly Crossover Assembly for 3000 PSI working
Compact Pack-off for for 3000 PSI and 5000 PSI pressure H2S service size 5 ½ inch ID with 7
5000 PSI working working pressure H2S service size inch – 5 Stub Acme Female Box x 7 inch – 41
pressure H2S service. 3 inch ID with (B01) 4 ¾ inch – 4 lb/ft Buttress male pin.
4 ¾ inch – 4thd (3.750 thd (3.750 inch seal dia) Bowen
inch seal dia) Bowen quick union female box X 7 inch – L – 9701011897 ----- 3000 PSI
quick union male pin 5 thd Stub Acme pin.
and collar. Note: In INM we have few locally made
L – 970338 ---- 5000 L – 9701012014 ----- 3000 PSI crossovers
PSI L – 9701003747 ----- 5000 PSI
 Wellsite Pressure Tests

• Connect HGT and riser string

• Hold tool string in catcher during pressure test
• Fill string with test fluid until it overflows from line wiper indicating all air from system
bled off
• Close stuffing box (Pack-off)
• Close flowline (drain) valve after fluid flows out
• Pressure test system to 1.2 times maximum expected shut-in pressure (MPWHP)
• Inject grease in flow tubes at 1.2 times well test pressure
• Open flowline (drain) valve
• Check integrity of grease seal
• Open stuffing box.
Running in the Hole
• Ensure head is in head catcher
• Spool cable for excessive slack, if any
• Open wellhead valve slowly, counting number of turns
• Install caution sign on wellhead
• Open tool catcher & tool trap
• Record the number of wraps on cable drum
• Run into well slowly (maximum of 0.8 x TW)
• Close tool trap once tool passes below it and activate head catcher
• Maintain Z chart
Pulling Out of the Hole
• Activate line wiper ensuring that normal tension does not increase beyond 100 lbs
• Max cable speed 10 kft/hr (1.2 x normal tension otherwise)
• However, Max cable speed is limited to 6 kft/hr:
• If H2S cable is being used
• In gas well
• When pulling out after a long time in the hole (above 6 hours)
• Slow down at known danger points/restrictions
• Monitor depth vs. Z chart recordings
• Slow down to 2000 ft/hr @ 300 feet from surface
• Bump the tool into the catcher at point midway between winch and lower sheave.
 WHE Working Pressure and Test Pressure

• All WHE equipment used by Schlumberger must be pressure rated.

• It is forbidden during wellsite operations to submit any piece of WHE equipment to a

pressure higher than its Working Pressure rating (WP)

• In a system assembly of different components, the WP of the lowest rated component

gives the overall working pressure rating of the system.

• The equipment manufacturers assign Working and Test Pressure ratings to all equipment
components.

• In specific cases, Schlumberger will assign a lower rating to meet more stringent
requirements. In all cases the Schlumberger assigned pressure rating must be used.

• To easily identify surface equipment as to its Schlumberger assigned Working Pressure

rating and service type, a color-coding must be used:

Working Pressure (psi) Test Pressure (psi) Whole body color blue
only inside an approved Pressure Test Bay with color band:
3,000 6,000 Yellow
5,000 10,000 Red
10,000 15,000 Black
15,000 22,500 White
20,000 30,000 Brown