Scribd
Upload
16 views

physics experiment 3

Uploaded by

ansh.bhatia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views

physics experiment 3

Uploaded by

ansh.bhatia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 5

EXPERIMENT&DVA

parallelogram law ofvectors.


AIM: Pindthe weight of agivenbody using
APPARAPOS
apparatus (Gravesand's apparatus), phomne, two hangers with
Parallelogram law of forces
wooden block) whose weight is to be determined, thin strong or thread, white
slotted weights, a body (a
paper sheet, drawing pins, mirror strip, sharppencil, half metre scale, setsquaresandprotreetor
drawing
THEORY
balances weights P and Q
Ifthe body of unknown weight S suspended from midde hanger,

suspended from othertwo hangers, then P+Q+S 0

or
Vs-P+Q+2PQcos8 ...(1)
equation (1).
The unknown weight can be calculated from
VetorAddition
79

DLAGRAM

P2

H G
U

?
S

Fig. Gravesand's apparatus.

PROPÉDURE
1. Set up the Gravesand's apparatus with its board vertical, (tested with the help of a plumb line).
2 Test that pulleys P, and P, are frictionless. Oil them, if necessary.
3. Fix the white drawing paper sheets on the board with the help of drawing pins.
4 Take three pieces of strong thread and tie their one end together to make knot O. This knot
becomes junction of the three threads.
3. From the other ends of two threads,tie ahanger with some slotted weights in each. These serve
as the weights Pand Q From the other end of third thread tie the given body S.
t. Pass threads with weights PandQover the pulleys and let the third thread with given body S,
stay vertical in the middle of the board.
Adjust the weights Pand Q(forces) such that the junction Ostays in equilibrium slightly below
the middle of the
paper.
he weights P, Q and wooden block S act as three forces P, Q andS acting along the three
threads at the junction O. The forces are in equilibrium.
80 Comprehenslue Practical Physics
9. See that allthe weightss hangfreely and none of them touches the board or the
10. Mark the position of junction Oon the white paper sheet by asharp pencil.
table.
11 Slightly disturb weights PandQand leave them.
12. Note position of junction 0. It must be veryclose toearlier position. (If not, oil
remove friction.) the pul ey
13. Keeping mirror strip lengthwise under each thread, mark the position of the ends of
of thread in the mirror, covering the image by the thread (this removes parallax the ima
positions are ,P, for thread of weight P, Q, and Q, for thread of weight
S,, erforror). T
tQand
S,
of weight Sas shown in figure. theg

P2

P=150gw? -150 gwt


P,

S-200 gwt
D

Fig. Determination of weight of awooden block.


14. Remnove paper from the board.
15. With the help of a half metre scalee
draw
points , and Q, to represent Qand lines
meet at point 0. through through
points S,points
P, and P,
and S, to to represent
These.P, mus
through
16. Taking a scale, 1cm = 50 g, take OA = 3 cm
represent S. lines
Q= 150 g and OB =3
cm to
17. Complete parallelogram OACB using set reepresent P = 150 gan

18. Measure 0C. It comes to be 3.9 cm. squares and join OC. It
19. For different sets of oobservation, changeeP and Q
represents R.
20. Find weight of the woode suitably.
lance.
VetorAadition 81
OBSERVATION

least count of spring balance - .... gwt V


Zero error of spring balance gwt
Weight of unknown body by spring balance =.... gwt
Scale. Let l cm= 50 gwt
Forces Sides
Serial Resultant Unknowm
Weight
by spring Error
Ne.of P OA OB force R weight S balance
Obs. (gwt)
gwt) (cm) (cm) (cm) (gwt) (gwt) (gwt) (gwt)
1 150 150 3 3 3.9 5
195 195 200

(Note. Observation l is given as sarnple)


Calclationy
wi
CALCULATIONS
Doyour
OC =39-cm, R = 50 x 3.9 = 195 gwt your
readg.
Unknown weight, S= 195 gwt
Mean unknown weight, S = S, +S,3 +S, = 195 gwt
Weight by spring balance = 200 gwt
Difference = 5 gwt

RESULT
The unknown weight of given body = 195 gwt
The error is within the limits of experimental error.

PRECAUTIONS
1. The board should bestable and vertical.
2. The pulleys should be frictionless.
3 The hangers should not touch the board or table.
5. Junction O should be in the middle of the paper sheet.
Points should be marked only when weights are at rest.
. Points should be marked with sharp
pencil.
7.
Arrows should be markedto show direction of forces.
Proper scale should be taken to make fairly big parallelogram.
82
SoURCES
ERROR OF
3. 2. 1.
Weights
oints Pulleys

may
may may
not
not have
be
by be
arkedfriction.
ccurate.

ctly.

y
ot
be
h
e.

Compr

You might also like