Statistics and

Probability
Quarter 3 – Module 16:
Identifying Sampling
Distribution of Statistics
Statistics and Probability - Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 3 – Module 16: Identifying Sampling Distribution of Statistics
First Edition, 2020

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 Statistics and
Probability
Quarter 3 – Module 16:
Identifying Sampling
Distribution of Statistics
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Statistics and Probability for Senior High School

Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Identifying Sampling
Distribution of Statistics!

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by

educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the
K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners in guided and

independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore,
this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in
the body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are
expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks
included in the module.

For the learner:

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Welcome to the Statistics and Probability for Senior High School
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Identifying Sampling
Distribution of Statistics!

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is
often used to depict skill, action, and purpose. Through our hands, we may
learn, create, and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource
signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully
achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time.
Your academic success lies in your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or

Know competencies you are expected to
learn in the module.
This part includes an activity that aims
What I Know to check what you already know about
the lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.
This is a brief drill or review to help you
What’s In link the current lesson with the
previous one.
In this portion, the new lesson will be
What’s New introduced to you in various ways such
as a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.
This section provides a brief discussion
What is It of the lesson. This aims to help you
discover and understand new concepts
and skills.
This comprises activities for
What’s More independent practice to solidify your
understanding and skills of the topic.
You may check the answers to the
exercises using the Answer Key at the
end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentences/paragraphs to be filled in to

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 process what you learned from the
lesson.
This section provides an activity that
What I Can Do will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real-life
situations or concerns.
This is a task which aims to evaluate
Assessment your level of mastery in achieving the
learning competency.
Additional In this portion, another activity will be
Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge
or skill of the lesson learned. This also
tends to the retention of learned
concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in
the module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

References This is a list of all sources used in

developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind
that you are not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful

learning and gain a deep understanding of the relevant competencies.
You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind on how you can
illustrate the sampling distribution of the sample mean. It is here to help
you see the importance of having different statistical tools to be used in
your future researches. The scope of this module is the sampling
distribution of the sample mean that can accompany you in your
upcoming studies. This will also help you analyze real-life situated
problems statistically in terms of relevant questions for you to better
understand them. Your adept at analysis will help you appreciate the
richness, and beauty of Statistics which will motivate you to apply to
similar events and create statistical measures of your own. This module
was written and intended for senior high students like you who are taking
Statistics and Probability subject.

The module has one lesson:

 Sampling Distributions of Sample Mean.
Your patience in solving offered problems here in the module will help
you improve your computational skills as it tackles relevant culture-based
situated problems. Your ability to interpret, reason–out, and make a
judgment or even decision out of statistical measures will also be
practiced here. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many
different learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse
vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow the
standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. illustrate sampling distribution;
2. construct a sampling distribution of sample mean; and
3. create a histogram of the sampling distribution of sample mean.

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 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. What distribution pertains to the frequency distribution of the sample

mean from all the possible random samples of a particular sample size
n taken from the given population?
A. frequency
B. normal
C. population
D. sampling
2. Which of the following is NOT a step in creating sampling distribution of
the sample mean?
A. Determine the number of sets of all possible random samples.
B. Compute for the standard deviation and variance of the samples.
C. Construct a frequency distribution table of the sample mean and
probability.
D. List all the possible random samples and solve for the sample mean
of
each set of samples.
3. Which of the following is the mean of the samples 7, 11, 22, 24, and
27?
A. 15.17 C. 22
B. 18.20 D. 22.75

For numbers 4-9, a population consists of the data {1, 2, 3, 4}.

4. How many different samples of size n = 2 can be drawn from the
population?
A. 6 C. 4
B. 5 D. 3
5. Which of the following sample mean has the greatest frequency in the
sampling distribution?
A. 1.5 C. 2.5
B. 2 D. 3
6. What is the frequency of sample mean 4?
A. 3 C. 1

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 B. 2 D. 0
7. What is the probability of the sample mean 3.5 in the sampling
distribution?
1 2
A. C.
6 3
2 3
B. D.
6 4
8. What is the lowest value of the sample mean in this sampling
distribution?
A. 0 C. 2
B. 1.5 D. 2.5
9. Which of the following histogram correctly shows the sampling
distribution of sample mean of size n = 2?

A. 2 C. 2
6 6
1 1
6 6

0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 0 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5

B. D.
4 3
34 3
2
4 3
2
41 1
4 3
0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 0 2 2.5 3 3.5 4

For numbers 10-15, refer to the given below:

a population consists of the data {3, 5, 7, 9, 11}.

10. How many different samples of size n = 3 can be drawn from the
population?
A. 5 C. 8
B. 7 D. 10
11. Which of the following sample mean appears most frequent in the
sampling distribution?
A. 5 C. 7
B. 5.67 D. 8.33

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12. Which of the following sample mean has the least frequency in the
sampling distribution?
A. 5 C. 7
B. 6.33 D. 8.67
13. What is the probability of the sample mean 8.33 in the sampling
distribution of sample means?
2 1
A. C.
10 5
2 1
B. D.
5 10
14. What is the lowest value of the sample means in this sampling
distribution?
A. 5 C. 7
B. 6.33 D. 8.67
15. Which of the following histogram correctly shows the sampling
distribution of sample means of size n = 3?

2
A. 2 C.
10 10

1 1
10 10

0 5 5.67 6.33 7 7.67 8.33 9 0 5 5.67 6.33 7 7.67 8.33 9

B. 2 D. 2
10
2 10
2
51 5
1
10 10
1
5
0 5 5.67 6.33 7 7.67 8 9 0 5 5.67 6.33 7 7.67 8 9

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Lesson
Sampling Distribution of the
1 Sample Mean

In almost all fields of study, we gather data. These data are used to
estimate things about the nature of human beings, phenomena, and even
our world. If the number of elements in the population is too many, it will
be extremely hard for the researchers to collect all data from the group.
In some cases, we need to use random sampling to get the appropriate
statistic from the samples to draw conclusions that would represent the
population. However, there can be numerous different sets of possible
samples of the same size that can be drawn from a given population. If we
gather another set of a random sample, wouldn’t be the sample mean
become different? How can we be sure that one set of random samples
can represent the entire population? How can we tell that our statistic is
accurate?

During your junior high school classes, you already discussed

frequency distribution and on the earlier part of this course, you also
tackled the probability distribution. In this module, we will discuss another
distribution, the sampling distribution of the mean. Sampling distribution
shows all the possible samples, in a given population, together with their
mean. It describes the probability of the mean of all sets of samples with
the same sample size n. The idea of sampling distribution helps us to
recognize how we use one random sample to conclude for the population.
It defines the entire possible statistic we could conclude up with.

The sampling distribution is a significant idea in Statistics. It is

considered to be a foundation and essential to learn. We could have better
knowledge about the population using statistical inference.

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 What’s In

In this lesson, you will learn how to construct a sampling

distribution of the sample mean. This part consists of three activities to
prepare you for the lesson. To begin with, the concept of combination
tells us the number of all possible random samples of population size N
taken at sample size n.

A. Evaluating the Combination of N Objects Taken n at a

Time
Evaluate the following.
1. C2
4

2. C4
6

3. C3
5

4. C2
3

5. C5
7

B. Computing for the Mean of a Sample

Find the mean of the following sets of numbers.
Sample Mean
6. 4, 7, 11
7. 2, 5, 7, 1,
8. 18, 5, 13, 9, 11
9. 12, 19, 14, 7, 10, 4
10. 6, 15, 27, 22, 16, 19, 24

C. Constructing Frequency Distribution

The following are the mean scores of Grade 11 students of Quezon
National High School. Construct a frequency distribution for different means.
15.5 13.5 15.5 14 15

14 14.5 16 14.5 13.5

15 16.5 15 13 15.5

16 14.5 14 15.5 15

16 15 16.5 14.5 17

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 Means Tally Frequency

Notes to the Teacher

Review the concepts and ways on how to compute for the
combination, mean and frequency distribution.

What’s New

A population of Senior High School consists of numbers 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5.

Let us create a sampling distribution of size 3 by following the steps.
A. First, let us evaluate the combination of N (population size)
objects taken n (sample size) at a time.
Therefore, we have
NCn = 5C3 = ____________________ samples

To get this, we apply the formula for a combination of N taken n

at a time, NCn, where N is the size of the population, and n is the
sample size.

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B. For the second step, write all the possible samples and compute
for the mean of each sample. To complete the table, compute for
the sample mean, samples are already given.
Observation Sample Mean
1 1, 2, 3 (1 + 2+ 3) ÷ 3 = 6 ÷ 3 = 2
2 1, 2, 4 2.33
3 1, 2, 5
4 1, 3, 4
5 1, 3, 5
6 1, 4, 5
7 2, 3, 4
8 2, 3, 5
9 2, 4, 5
10 3, 4, 5
C. Then, construct a frequency distribution of the sample mean.
Sample Mean Frequency
2
2.33
2.67
3
3.33
3.67
4

Sampling distribution of the sample means is a frequency

distribution using the computed sample mean from all the
possible random samples of a particular sample size taken from
the given population.

D. Lastly, add another column for the probability distribution. The

probability distribution of the sample means is also called the
sampling distribution of the sample mean. Since we have 10
possible outcomes, for the probability, the denominator will be 10
and the number on the numerator part will be the number of
frequencies.

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E.
Sample Means Frequency Probability P(x)
1
2 1 = 0.10
10
2.33 1
2.67 2
3 2
3.33 2
3.67 1
4 1

If we are to create a histogram, the sample means will be placed on

the x-axis while the probability will be placed on the y-axis.

2
10

1
10

0 2 2.33 2.67 3 3.33 3.67 4

Notes to the Teacher

Relate other distribution that has a shape similar to the
histogram of the sampling distribution of the sample mean. Ask
the students in what shape is it similar to and why they think so.

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 What is It

Sampling distribution of the sample means is a frequency distribution

using the computed sample mean from all the possible random samples of
a particular sample size taken from the given population.
Steps to follow in making a sampling distribution of the sample mean:
1. Determine the number of sets of all possible random samples that can
be drawn from the given population by using the formula, NCn, where N
is the population size and n is the sample size.
In our activity, we are given with a population of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
and sample size of 3, therefore we have
N! 5! 5! 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙2 ∙ 1
NCn = 5C3 = = = =¿ = 10
[n ! ( N−n ) ! ] 3! (5−3 ) ! 3 ! 2! (3 ∙ 2∙ 1)(2∙ 1)
*or use your calculator function nCr
2. List all the possible random samples and solve for the sample mean of
each set of samples.
Sample Mean
1, 2, 3 2
1, 2, 4 2.33
1, 2, 5 2.67
1, 3, 4 2.67
1, 3, 5 3
1, 4, 5 3.33
2, 3, 4 3
2, 3, 5 3.33
2, 4, 5 3.67
3, 4, 5 4

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3. Construct a frequency and probability distribution table of the sample
means indicating its number of occurrence or the frequency and
probability.

Sample Means Frequency Probability P(x)

1
2 1 = 0.10
10
1
2.33 1 = 0.10
10
2
2.67 2 = 0.20
10
2
3 2 = 0.20
10
2
3.33 2 = 0.20
10
1
3.67 1 = 0.10
10
1
4 1 = 0.10
10

What’s More

Independent Practice 1A

How many different samples of size n can be obtained from the

following
population N sizes?

N N NCn
1
4 2
.
2
6 4
.
3
8 3
.
4
10 4
.

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 5
15 5
.

Independent Practice 1B
I. A population consists of the values (1, 4, 3, 2). Consider samples of size
2 that can be drawn from this population.
a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean
Sample Sample Means

b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.

Sample Means Frequency Probability P(x)

Independent Assessment

Coren was able to sell several pairs of Marikina shoes that have sizes of 4,
5, 6, 7, and 8. Consider samples of size 3 that can be drawn from this
population.
a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean.

Sample Sample Mean

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b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample means.
Sample Mean Frequency Probability P(x)

c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the sample mean.

What I Have Learned

Let us see what you have learned in this module by completing the
following statements.
A _________________________ of the sample mean is a frequency distribution
using the computed sample mean from all the possible random samples of
a particular sample size taken from the given population.

Steps to follow in making a ______________________________________________:

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1. Determine the number of set of all possible random samples that can
be drawn from the given population by using the formula ______ where N is
the ___________________ and n is the ___________________.
2. List all the possible ___________________ and solve for the
___________________ of each set of samples.
3. Construct a ___________________ of the sample mean indicating its
number of occurrence or the frequency and together with its
___________________ .

What I Can Do

Since you already know how to construct the sampling distribution of the
sample mean and its corresponding histogram, let us apply your knowledge
in the following data.

The ages of ALS learners in Bagong Pag-asa Community Learning Center

(CLC) are 19, 20, 15, 17, 27, and 22. Consider samples of size 4 that can be
drawn from this population.
a. List down all the possible samples and corresponding sample mean.

Sample Sample Mean

b. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample mean.

Sample Mean Frequency Probability P(x)

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c. Draw a histogram of the sampling distribution of the sample mean.

Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What distribution pertains to the frequency distribution of the sample
mean from all the possible random samples of a particular sample size
n taken from the given population?
A. frequency B. normal C. population D. sampling
2. Which of the following is NOT a step in creating sampling distribution of
the sample mean?
A. Determine the number of sets of all possible random samples.
B. Compute for the standard deviation and variance of the samples.
C. Construct a frequency distribution table of the sample means and
probability.
D. List all the possible random samples and solve for the sample mean
of
each set of samples.

3. Which of the following is the mean of sample 6, 10, 21, 25, and 28?
A. 15.17 B. 18 C. 21.2 D. 22
For numbers 4-9, refer to the following set of data of a population {11, 12, 13,
14}.
4. How many different samples of size n = 2 can be drawn from the
population?
A. 6 B. 5 C. 4 D. 3
5. Which of the following sample mean appears most frequent in the
sampling distribution?
A. 10 B. 11.5 C. 12 D. 12.5
6. What is the lowest value of the sample mean in this sampling
distribution?
A. 11.5 B. 12 C. 12.5 D. 13
7. What is the frequency of the sample mean 12.5?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
8. What is the probability of the sample mean 12 in the sampling
distribution?

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 1 2 2 3
A. B. C. D.
6 6 3 4

9. Which of the following histogram correctly shows the sampling

distribution of sample mean of size n = 2?
A. C. 2
2 6
6
1
1 6
6
0 11.5 12 12.5 13 13.5
0 11.5 12 12.5 13
B. 13.5 D.
2 3
6
23
1 3
6 1
3
0 12 12.5 13 13.5 4 0 12 12.5 13 13.5 4

For numbers 10-15, refer to the following population consists of the data
{2,4, 6, 8, 10}.
10. How many different samples of size n = 3 can be drawn from the
population?
A. 6 B. 8 C. 10 D. 12
11. Which of the following sample mean appears most frequent in the
sampling distribution?
A. 3.67 B. 4 C. 4.67 D. 6
12. What is the lowest value of the sample means in this sampling
distribution?
A. 3.67 B. 4 C. 4.67 D. 6
13. What is the frequency of the sample mean 4.67?
A. 0 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3
14. What is the probability of the sample mean 5.33 in the sampling
distribution of the sample mean?
1 1 1 2
A. B. C. D.
10 6 5 5
15. Which of the following histogram correctly shows the sampling
distribution of sample means of size n = 3?
2
A. C. 2
10 10
1
1
10
10

0 4 4.67 5.33 6 6.67 7.33 8

0
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 2 2
B. D.
10 10
1 1
10 10

0 4.67 5.33 6 6.67 7.33 8 8.67

0 4.67 5.33 6 6.67 7.33 8 8.67

Additional Activities

Ask a family with five members in your community. Now, consider

samples of size 3 that can be drawn from the data.

Answer the following questions:

1. How many possible samples of size 4 can be drawn?
2. List all the possible samples and compute the sample mean.
3. Construct the sampling distribution of the sample mean.
4. Draw a histogram corresponding to the sampling distribution of the
sample mean.

Sample Sample Mean Frequency Probability P(x)

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 Answer Key

What’s In
1. 6
What I know 2. 15 Assessment
3. 10
1. D 4. 3 1. D
5. 21
2. B 6. 7.33 2. B
3. B 7. 3.75 3. B
4. A 8. 11.2 4. A
5. C 9. 11 5. D
10. 18.43
6. D 6. A
7. A C. Constructing FD 7. C
8. B Means Frequency 8. A
9. A 13 1 9. A
13.5 2
10.D 10.C
14 3
11.C 14.5 4 11.D
12.A 15 5 12.B
13.B 15.5 4 13.B
14.A 16 3 14.C
15.C 16.5 2
15.C
17 1

What’s More Independent Assessment 0 5 5.33 5.67 6 6.33 6.67 7

Sample Sample Means
Independent Practice
4, 5, 6 5
1A 4, 5, 7 5.33
1. 6 4. 210 4, 5, 8 5.67 1
2. 15 5. 3003 4, 6, 7 5.67
3. 56
10
4, 6, 8 6
4, 7, 8 6.33 2
Independent Practice 1B
5, 6, 7 6
Sample Sample Means
5, 6, 8 6.33
10
1, 2 1.5
1, 3 2 5, 7, 8 6.67
1, 4 2.5 6, 7, 8 7
2, 3 2.5 Sample
Frequency Probability
2, 4 3 Means
3, 4 3.5 5 1 1/10
5.33 1 1/10
Sample
Frequency
Probability PAGE 5.67
\* MERGEFORMAT
2 vii
2/10
Means
1.5 1 1/6 6 2 2/10
2 1 1/6 6.33 2 2/10
6.67 1 1/10
What I Can Do 0 17.75 18.25 18.5 19 19.5 19.75 20.25 20.75 21
Sample 21.25 21.5 22
Samples
Mean
19 20 15 17 17.75 1
19 20 15 27 20.25 15
19 20 15 22 19
2
19 20 17 27 20.75
15
19 20 17 22 19.5
19 20 27 22 22
19 15 17 27 19.5
19 15 17 22 18.25
19 15 27 22 20.75
19 17 27 22 21.25
20 15 17 27 19.75
20 15 17 22 18.5
20 15 27 22 21
20 17 27 22 21.5
15 17 27 22 20.25

Sample Mean Frequency Probability

1
17.75 1
15
1
18.25 1
15
1
18.5 1
15
1
19 1
15
2
19.5 2
15
1
19.75 1
15
2
20.25 2
15
2
20.75 2
15
1
21 1
15

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References

Belecina, Rene S., Baccay, Elisa S., and Mateo, Efren B. Statistics and
Probability. Manila: REX Book Store, 2016.

Mercado, Jesus P. and Orines, Fernando B. Next Century Mathematics

Statistics & Probability. Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House,
2016.

“The Sampling Distribution of the Sample Mean”. Accessed May 4, 2020.

https://saylordotorg.github.io/text_introductory-statistics/s10-02-the-
sampling-distribution-of-t.html.

The Pennsylvania State University. “Sampling Distribution of the Sample

Mean”, 2020. Accessed May 4, 2020.
https://online.stat.psu.edu/stat500/lesson /4/4.1.

University of New England. “Constructing a Sampling Distribution, 2000.

Accessed May 4, 2020. http://www.abc.net.au/triplej/hack/notes/.

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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: [email protected] * [email protected]