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Java Essentials

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15 views

Java Essentials

Uploaded by

pikachu.test353
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Java

Essentials
for QA
Automation
By Rupendra Ragala
1. Object-Oriented Programming
(OOP) Concepts
Classes and Objects: Understanding how to create and
use classes and objects is fundamental for writing
reusable and maintainable test code.

Inheritance: Ability to reuse existing test code by


extending classes, making automation code more
modular.

Polymorphism: Using polymorphism allows creating


flexible and scalable test scripts.

Abstraction: Hide unnecessary implementation details


and focus on higher-level interactions for cleaner, more
maintainable tests.

Encapsulation: Protecting object states by making


fields private and exposing them through getter and
setter methods helps in controlling access in test
cases.

Swipe to Next
2. Java Collections Framework

List, Set, and Map: Knowing how to use various


collections such as ArrayList, HashSet, and
HashMap is essential for storing and managing
test data.

Iteration: Understanding how to iterate over


collections (using for-each loop, iterators, etc.) for
efficient test data manipulation.

Queue and Stack: These can be used in specific


test cases where FIFO (First In First Out) or LIFO
(Last In First Out) logic is required.

Swipe to Next
3. Exception Handling

Try-Catch Blocks: Proper handling of exceptions


is crucial in automation to ensure that failures are
logged, and tests do not crash unexpectedly.

Throw and Throws: Ability to define custom


exceptions and propagate them helps in robust
error management in tests.

Custom Exceptions: Creating custom exceptions


helps in making automation scripts more specific
and detailed.

Swipe to Next
4. Java Basics for Test Automation

Data Types and Variables: Understand how to use


primitive and reference data types to define test
data (int, String, boolean, etc.).

Control Flow Statements: Mastering if, else,


switch, and loops (for, while) helps in writing
conditional test scenarios and automation loops.

Method Overloading: Useful for creating multiple


versions of methods to handle different test
inputs.

Swipe to Next
5. Java Input and Output (I/O)

File Handling: Understanding how to read from


and write to files (e.g., reading test data from
CSV, Excel files, or writing logs) is essential for
data-driven testing.

Serialization and Deserialization: Useful when


automating tests involving objects that need to
be stored or transmitted.

Swipe to Next
6. JUnit/TestNG (Test Frameworks)

Annotations: Knowledge of annotations such as


@Test, @Before, @After, @BeforeClass,
@AfterClass, etc., to define test setups, teardown,
and test execution flow.

Assertions: Using assertions to verify expected


test results (e.g., assertEquals(), assertTrue(),
etc.).

Test Execution: Understanding how to execute


tests, create test suites, and generate test
reports.

Parallel Test Execution: Using features like


TestNG's parallel execution to speed up test
execution.

Swipe to Next
7. Java Concurrency

Threads and Runnable Interface: Understanding


multithreading in Java is important for running
tests in parallel or managing concurrent actions,
especially in web automation.

Executor Service: Helps in managing a pool of


threads for more efficient resource utilization
during test execution.

Synchronization: Ensuring that multiple threads


don’t interfere with each other when testing in a
multi-threaded environment.

Swipe to Next
8. Java Lambda Expressions and
Functional Interfaces
Lambda Functions: Lambda expressions provide a
way to implement methods in a more concise way,

Especially useful for functional programming and


in test automation frameworks like Selenium or
RestAssured.

Streams API: Helps in processing data in a


functional programming style, especially when
handling large datasets for test scenarios.

Swipe to Next
9. Logging and Debugging
Loggers (e.g., SLF4J, Logback): Understanding how to
set up logging in your test scripts allows you to log
critical test information and debug failures efficiently.

Debugging with IDE: Being able to debug test failures


using the Java debugger (e.g., breakpoints, step-
through) is crucial.

10. Maven/Gradle (Build Tools)


Dependency Management: Knowing how to manage
libraries and dependencies (e.g., Selenium, TestNG)
using Maven or Gradle is key for setting up the
automation environment.

Test Execution in Build Process: Running tests as part


of your build process to ensure that code changes
don’t break functionality.

Swipe to Next
11. Design Patterns
Page Object Model (POM): Helps in creating
reusable UI automation code by separating page
interactions from test logic.

Singleton Pattern: Useful in creating instances of


classes (like WebDriver) that are shared across
tests without creating redundant objects.

Factory Pattern: Used to create objects based


on conditions (e.g., different WebDriver
implementations for different browsers).

Swipe to Next
12. Integration with Tools and
Frameworks

Selenium WebDriver: Knowing how to interact


with web elements and perform actions like
clicking, typing, and waiting for elements to be
visible.

API Testing Frameworks (e.g., RestAssured):


Using Java for writing API test scripts, handling
HTTP requests, and validating responses.

CI/CD Tools (Jenkins, Azure DevOps):


Integrating Java-based tests with continuous
integration and delivery tools to automate the
entire test lifecycle.

Swipe to Next
13. Working with Databases
JDBC: Java Database Connectivity (JDBC) allows
the automation engineer to perform data
validation testing by connecting to databases,
running queries, and validating results.

ORM Frameworks: Knowledge of Object-


Relational Mapping frameworks like Hibernate for
more complex database interaction.

14. Serialization and


Deserialization
JSON, XML Parsing: Understanding libraries like
Jackson or Gson for serializing and deserializing
data in JSON format, which is essential for API
testing.

Swipe to Next
15. Build and Version Control
Systems
Git: Understanding version control and how to
use Git for versioning test scripts, making
collaboration easier with other team members.

CI/CD Pipelines: Integrating Java test scripts


into CI/CD pipelines for continuous testing

Swipe to Next
16. Regular Expressions (Regex)

Pattern Matching: Understanding regular


expressions is crucial when validating inputs,
extracting data, or performing search
operations in test scripts.

Pattern and Matcher Classes: Useful for


performing complex string searches,
validations, and manipulations.

Swipe to Next
17. Reflection

Reflection API: Reflection allows you to inspect


and modify classes, methods, and fields at
runtime. This is helpful in automating tests
where you might need to dynamically invoke
methods or access private fields without
knowing them ahead of time.

Test Automation Frameworks: Reflection is


commonly used in test automation frameworks
for loading classes or finding methods
dynamically.

Swipe to Next
18. Annotations and Custom
Annotations
Custom Annotations: Writing custom
annotations allows you to provide additional
metadata to your tests (e.g., skipping certain
tests, logging, etc.).

Built-in Annotations: Familiarity with Java’s built-


in annotations such as @Override,
@Deprecated, and @SuppressWarnings can
help you improve code readability and
maintainability.

Swipe to Next
19. Java Streams and Collectors

Stream API: This is extremely useful for handling


large collections of data in a declarative style. It
is helpful when working with datasets for data-
driven testing or when filtering and transforming
data.

Collectors: Collecting results in a list, set, or map


after processing streams is a common use case
in automation tests when processing
input/output data.

Swipe to Next
20. Unit Testing with Mocking

Mockito: Understanding how to use Mockito or


other mocking frameworks is essential for unit
testing, especially when working with external
dependencies (like APIs or databases). Mocking
allows you to simulate the behavior of external
systems without actually calling them, ensuring
that tests are isolated and faster.

Stubbing: Using stubbing techniques to simulate


method behavior during tests, providing
controlled results for unit tests.

Swipe to Next
Thank You

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