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Statistical Diagrams and Measures Sheet 2

Q1.

The number of hours of sunshine each day, y, for the month of July at Heathrow are summarised in the table below.

A histogram was drawn to represent these data. The 8 ≤ y < 11 group was represented by a bar of width 1.5 cm and
height 8 cm.
(a) Find the width and the height of the 0 ≤ y < 5 group.
(3)
(b) Use your calculator to estimate the mean and the standard deviation of the number of hours of sunshine each day,
for the month of July at Heathrow.
Give your answers to 3 significant figures.
(3)
The mean and standard deviation for the number of hours of daily sunshine for the same month in Hurn are 5.98 hours
and 4.12 hours respectably.
Thomas believes that the further south you are the more consistent should be the number of hours of daily sunshine.
(c) State, giving a reason, whether or not the calculations in part (b) support Thomas' belief.
(2)
(d) Estimate the number of days in July at Heathrow where the number of hours of sunshine is more than 1 standard
deviation above the mean.
(2)

(Total for question = 10 marks)

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Q2.

The histogram summarises the heights of 256 seedlings two weeks after they were planted.

(a) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median height of the seedlings.
(4)
Chris decides to model the frequency density for these 256 seedlings by a curve with equation
y = kx(8 – x) 0≤x≤8
where k is a constant.
(b) Find the value of k
(3)
Using this model,
(c) write down the median height of the seedlings.
(1)

(Total for question = 8 marks)

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Q3.

The partially completed histogram and the partially completed table show the time, to the nearest minute, that a
random sample of motorists were delayed by roadworks on a stretch of motorway.

Estimate the percentage of these motorists who were delayed by the roadworks for between 8.5 and 13.5 minutes.
(5)

(Total for question = 5 marks)

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Q4.

The partially completed table and partially completed histogram give information about the ages of passengers on an
airline.
There were no passengers aged 90 or over.

(a) Complete the histogram.

(3)
(b) Use linear interpolation to estimate the median age.
(4)
An outlier is defined as a value greater than Q3 + 1.5 × interquartile range.
Given that Q1 = 27.3 and Q3 = 58.9
(c) determine, giving a reason, whether or not the oldest passenger could be considered as an outlier.
(2)

(Total for question = 9 marks)

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Q5.

Each member of a group of 27 people was timed when completing a puzzle.

The time taken, x minutes, for each member of the group was recorded.
These times are summarised in the following box and whisker plot.

(a) Find the range of the times.

(1)
(b) Find the interquartile range of the times.
(1)
For these 27 people
(c) calculate the mean time taken to complete the puzzle,
(1)
(d) calculate the standard deviation of the times taken to complete the puzzle.
(2)
Taruni defines an outlier as a value more than 3 standard deviations above the mean.
(e) State how many outliers Taruni would say there are in these data, giving a reason for your answer.
(1)
Adam and Beth also completed the puzzle in a minutes and b minutes respectively, where a > b.
When their times are included with the data of the other 27 people

· the median time increases

· the mean time does not change
(f) Suggest a possible value for a and a possible value for b, explaining how your values satisfy the above conditions.
(3)
(g) Without carrying out any further calculations, explain why the standard deviation of all 29 times will be lower
than your answer to part (d).
(1)

(Total for question = 10 marks)

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Q6.

The histogram in Figure 1 shows the times taken to complete a crossword by a random sample of students.
The number of students who completed the crossword in more than 15 minutes is 78.
Estimate the percentage of students who took less than 11 minutes to complete the crossword.

(Total for question = 4 marks)

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Q7.
The marks of a group of female students in a statistics test are summarised in Figure 1

Figure 1

(a) Write down the mark which is exceeded by 75% of the female students.
(1)
The marks of a group of male students in the same statistics test are summarised by the stem and leaf diagram below.

(b) Find the median and interquartile range of the marks of the male students.
(3)
An outlier is a mark that is
either more than 1.5 × interquartile range above the upper quartile
or more than 1.5 × interquartile range below the lower quartile.

(c) In the space provided on Figure 1 draw a box plot to represent the marks of the male students, indicating clearly
any outliers.
(5)
(d) Compare and contrast the marks of the male and the female students.
(2)
(Total 11 marks)

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Q8.
Each of 60 students was asked to draw a 20° angle without using a protractor. The size of
each angle drawn was measured. The results are summarised in the box plot below.

(a) Find the range for these data.

(1)
(b) Find the interquartile range for these data.
(1)
The students were then asked to draw a 70°
angle.
The results are summarised in the table below.

(c) Use linear interpolation to estimate the size of the median angle drawn. Give your
answer to 1 decimal place.
(2)
(d) Show that the lower quartile is 63°
(2)
For these data, the upper quartile is 75°, the minimum is 55° and the maximum is 84°
An outlier is an observation that falls either
more than 1.5 × (interquartile range) above the upper quartile or
more than 1.5 × (interquartile range) below the lower quartile.
(e) (i) Show that there are no outliers for these data.
(ii) Draw a box plot for these data on the grid on page 3.
(5)
(f) State which angle the students were more accurate at drawing. Give reasons for
your answer.
(3)

(Total for question = 14 marks)

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Q9.

Temperature (°C)
Figure 1
The partially completed box plot in Figure 1 shows the distribution of daily mean air temperatures using the data from
the large data set for Beijing in 2015
An outlier is defined as a value
more than 1.5 × IQR below Q1 or
more than 1.5 × IQR above Q3
The three lowest air temperatures in the data set are 7.6 °C, 8.1 °C and 9.1 °C
The highest air temperature in the data set is 32.5 °C
(a) Complete the box plot in Figure 1 showing clearly any outliers.
(4)
(b) Using your knowledge of the large data set, suggest from which month the two outliers are likely to have come.
(1)
Using the data from the large data set, Simon produced the following summary statistics
for the daily mean air temperature, x °C, for Beijing in 2015
n = 184 ∑ x = 4153.6 Sxx = 4952.906
(c) Show that, to 3 significant figures, the standard deviation is 5.19 °C
(1)
(Total for question = 6 marks)
Q10.

The variable x was measured to the nearest whole number. Forty observations are given in the table below.

A histogram was drawn and the bar representing the 10 - 15 class has a width of 2 cm and a height of 5 cm. For the 16
- 18 class find
(a) the width,
(1)
(b) the height
(2)
of the bar representing this class.
(Total 3 marks)

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