KPR IAS Academy

UPSC Civil Services Exam

Syllabus
Preliminary Examination
Paper I - (200 marks) Duration: Two hours

 Current events of national and international importance.

 History of India and Indian National Movement.
 Indian and World Geography - Physical, Social, Economic Geography
of India and the World.
 Indian Polity and Governance - Constitution, Political System,
Panchayati Raj, Public Policy, Rights Issues, etc.
 Economic and Social Development - Sustainable Development,
Poverty, Inclusion, Demographics, Social Sector initiatives, etc.
 General issues on Environmental Ecology, Bio-diversity and Climate
Change - that do not require subject specialization
 General Science.

Paper II- (200 marks) Duration: Two hours

 Comprehension Interpersonal skills including communication skills;

Logical reasoning and analytical ability Decision-making and problem
solving
 General mental ability Basic numeracy (numbers and their relations,
orders of magnitude, etc.) (Class X level), Data interpretation (charts,
graphs, tables, data sufficiency etc. - Class X level)

Note 1: Paper-II of the Civil Services (Preliminary) Examination will be a

qualifying paper with minimum qualifying marks fixed at 33%

Note 2: The questions will be of multiple choices, objective type. Note 3: It

is mandatory for the candidate to appear in both the Papers of Civil
Services (Prelim) Examination for the purpose of evaluation.

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Mains Examination
Qualifying Papers on Indian Languages and English:

The aim of the paper is to test the candidate’s ability to read and
understand serious discursive prose, and express his ideas clearly and
correctly, in English and Indian Language concerned. The pattern of
questions would be broadly as follows :- (i) Comprehension of given
passages (ii) Précis Writing (iii) Usage and Vocabulary (iv) Short Essays
Indian Languages :- (i) Comprehension of given passages (ii) Précis
Writing (iii) Usage and Vocabulary (iv) Short Essays (v) Translation from
English to the Indian language and vice-versa.

Note 1: The Papers on Indian Languages and English will be of

Matriculation or equivalent standard and will be of qualifying nature only.
The marks obtained in these papers will not be counted for ranking.

Note 2: The candidates will have to answer the English and Indian
Languages papers in English and the respective Indian language (except
where translation is involved).

PAPER-I (Essay): Candidates may be required to write essays on multiple

topics. They will be expected to keep closely to the subject of the essay to
arrange their ideas in orderly fashion and to write concisely. Credit will be
given for effective and exact expression.

PAPER-II (General Studies-I): Indian Heritage and Culture, History and

Geography of the World and Society.

 Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, Literature
and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
 Modern Indian history from about the middle of the eighteenth
century until the present- significant events, personalities, issues
 The Freedom Struggle - its various stages and important contributors
/contributions from different parts of the country.

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 Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the

country.
 History of the world will include events from 18th century such as
industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries,
colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism,
capitalism, socialism etc.- their forms and effect on the society.
 Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India. Role of women
and women's organization, population and associated issues, poverty
and developmental issues, urbanization, their problems and their
remedies.
 Effects of globalization on Indian society Social empowerment,
communalism, regionalism & secularism.
 Salient features of world's physical geography.
 Distribution of key natural resources across the world (including
South Asia and the Indian sub- continent); factors responsible for the
location of primary, secondary, and tertiary sector industries in
various parts of the world (including India)
 Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami,
Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their
location- changes in critical geographical features (including water-
bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such
changes.

PAPER-III (General Studies- II): Governance, Constitution, Polity,

Social Justice and International relations.

 Indian Constitution- historical underpinnings, evolution, features,

amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
 Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and
challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers
and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
 Separation of powers between various organs dispute redressal
mechanisms and institutions.

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 Comparison of the Indian constitutional scheme with that of other

countries Parliament and
 State Legislatures - structure, functioning, conduct of business,
powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
 Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the
Judiciary Ministries and Departments of the Government; pressure
groups and formal/informal associations and their role in the Polity.
 Salient features of the Representation of People's Act.
 Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and
responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
 Statutory, regulatory and various quasi-judicial bodies Government
policies and interventions for development in various sectors and
issues arising out of their design and implementation.
 Development processes and the development industry- the role of
NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities,
institutional and other stakeholders.
 Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the
Centre and States and the performance of these schemes;
mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the
protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
 Issues relating to development and management of Social
Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
 Issues relating to poverty and hunger.
 Important aspects of governance, transparency and accountability, e-
governance- applications, models, successes, limitations, and
potential; citizens charters, transparency & accountability and
institutional and other measures.
 Role of civil services in a democracy.
 India and its neighborhood- relations. Bilateral, regional and global
groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India's
interests Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing
countries on India's interests, Indian diaspora.
 Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure,
mandate.

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PAPER-IV (General Studies-III): Technology, Economic Development,

Bio diversity, Environment, Security and Disaster Management.

 Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization of

resources, growth, development and employment. Inclusive growth
and issues arising from it.
 Government Budgeting. Major crops cropping patterns in various
parts of the country, different types of irrigation and irrigation systems
storage, transport and marketing of agricultural produce and issues
and related constraints;
 E-technology in the aid of farmers Issues related to direct and indirect
farm subsidies and minimum support prices;
 Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations,
revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology
missions; economics of animal-rearing.
 Food processing and related industries in India- scope and
significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements,
supply chain management.
 Land reforms in India. Effects of liberalization on the economy,
changes in industrial policy and their effects on industrial growth.
 Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
 Investment models.
 Science and Technology- developments and their applications and
effects in everyday life Achievement of Indians in science &
technology; indigenization of technology and developing new
technology.
 Awareness in the fields of IT, Space, Computers, robotics, Nano-
technology, bio-technology and issues relating to intellectual property
rights.
 Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation,
environmental impact assessment Disaster and disaster
management.
 Linkages between development and spread of extremism.

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 Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to

internal security.
 Challenges to internal security through communication networks, role
of media and social networking sites in internal security challenges,
basics of cyber security; money-laundering and its prevention.
 Security challenges and their management in border areas; linkages
of organized crime with terrorism Various Security forces and
agencies and their mandate

PAPER-V (General Studies- IV): Ethics, Integrity, and Aptitude

This paper will include questions to test the candidates' attitude and
approach to issues relating to integrity, probity in public life and his problem
solving approach to various issues and conflicts faced by him in dealing
with society. Questions may utilize the case study approach to determine
these aspects.

The following broad areas will be covered. Ethics and Human Interface:
Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in human actions;
dimensions of ethics; ethics in private and public relationships.

 Human Values - lessons from the lives and teachings of great

leaders, reformers and administrators; role of family, society and
educational institutions in inculcating values.
 Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with
thought and behavior; moral and political attitudes; social influence
and persuasion.
 Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service , integrity,
impartiality and non-partisanship, objectivity, dedication to public
service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-
sections.
 Emotional intelligence-concepts, and their utilities and application in
administration and governance. Contributions of moral thinkers and
philosophers from India and world.
 Public/Civil service values and Ethics in Public administration: Status
and problems; ethical concerns and dilemmas in government and

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private institutions; laws, rules, regulations and conscience as

sources of ethical guidance; accountability and ethical governance;
strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance; ethical
issues in international relations and funding; corporate governance.
 Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis
of governance and probity;
 Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to
Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen's Charters,
Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds,
challenges of corruption. Case Studies on above issues.

PAPER-V & VI Optional Paper

OPTIONAL SUBJECTS:

1. Political Science & International Relations

2. Tamil Literature

3. Public Administration

1. Political Science & International Relations

PART I

A) Political Theory and Indian Politics

 Political theory meaning and approaches

 Theories of the state: Liberal, Pluralist, Marxist, Neoliberal, Post-
colonial and feminist.
 Justice: Conceptions of justice with reference to Rawl’s theory of
justice; communitarian critiques.
 Equality: Relationship between equality and freedom; Political, Social,
and economic; Affirmative action.
 Rights: Meaning and theories; the concept of Human Rights; different
kinds of rights.

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 Democracy: Contemporary and Classical theories; different models of

democracy - deliberative, participatory and representative.
 The concept of power, legitimacy, ideology and Hegemony.
 Political Ideologies: Liberalism, Marxism, Fascism, Feminism,
Gandhism, and Socialism.
 Indian Political Thought: Arthashastra, Dharamshastra, and Buddhist
traditions; Sri Aurobindo, Sir Syed Ahmed Khan, B.R. Ambedkar,
M.K. Gandhi, M.N. Roy.
 Western Political Thought: Plato, Machiavelli, John S. Mill, Aristotle,
Locke, Hobbes, Marx, Gramsci and Hannah Arendt.

B) Indian Government and politics

1. Indian Nationalism:
 Perspectives on Indian National Movement: Socialist, Liberal, and
Marxist; Radical humanist and Dalit.
 Political Strategies of India’s Freedom Struggle: Civil Disobedience,
constitutionalism to mass Satyagraha, Non-cooperation; Peasant and
workers’ movements, militant and revolutionary movements.
 2. Making of the Indian Constitution: Legacies of the British rule;
Different political and social perspectives.
 3. Salient Features of the Indian Constitution: Fundamental Rights
and Duties, The Preamble, Directive Principles; Judicial Review and
Basic Structure doctrine, Parliamentary System and Amendment
Procedures.
 Principal Organs of the Union Government: Envisaged role and
actual working of the Legislature, Executive, and Supreme Court.
 Principal Organs of the State Government: Envisaged role and actual
working of the Legislature, Executive, and High Courts.
 4. Grassroots Democracy: Significance of 73rd and 74th
Amendments; Panchayati Raj and Municipal Government; Grassroot
movements.
 5. Statutory Institutions/ Commissions: Comptroller, Election
Commission, and Auditor General, Union Public Service Commission,
Finance Commission, National Commission for Scheduled Castes,

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National Commission for Women; National Commission for

Scheduled Tribes, National Human Rights Commission, National
Backward Classes Commission, National Commission for Minorities.
 6. Federalism: Changing nature of centre-state relations;
Constitutional provisions; integrationist tendencies and regional
aspirations; inter-state disputes.
 7. Planning and Economic Development: the role of planning and
public sector; Nehruvian and Gandhian perspectives; land reforms
and agrarian relations; Green Revolution, liberalization and economic
reforms.
 8. Religion, Caste, and Ethnicity in Indian Politics.
 9. Party System: Ideological and social bases of parties; National and
regional political parties, Pressure groups, trends in electoral
behaviour; patterns of coalition politics; changing the socio-economic
profile of Legislators.
 10. Social Movements: Women's movements; Civil liberties and
human rights movements; environmentalist movements

PART II
A) Comparative Politics and International Relations
 1. Comparative Politics: Political economy and political sociology
perspectives; Nature and major approaches; limitations of the
comparative method.
 2. State in comparative perspective: Advanced industrial and
developing societies, Characteristics and changing nature of the
State in socialist and capitalist economies.
 3. Politics of Representation and Participation: Pressure groups,
Political parties, and social movements in advanced industrial and
developing societies.
 4. Globalisation: Responses from developing and developed
societies.
 5. Approaches to the Study of International Relations: Realist,
Idealist, Functionalist, Marxist, and Systems theory.

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 6. Key concepts in International Relations: Balance of power and

deterrence; Security, National interest, and power; World capitalist
economy and globalisation; Transnational actors and collective
security.
7. Changing International Political Order:
 Rise of superpowers; arms race and Cold War; strategic and
ideological Bipolarity, nuclear threat;
 Non-aligned movement: Achievements and Aims;
 Unipolarity and American hegemony; Collapse of the Soviet Union;
relevance of non-alignment in the contemporary world.
 8. Evolution of the International Economic System: Socialist
economies and the CMEA (Council for Mutual Economic Assistance);
From Brettonwoods to WTO; Globalisation of the world economy;
Third World demand for new international economic order.
 9. United Nations: specialized UN agencies-aims and functioning;
Envisaged role and actual record; the need for UN reforms.
 10. Regionalisation of World Politics: SAARC, ASEAN, EU, APEC,
NAFTA.
 11. Contemporary Global Concerns: Gender justice, Human rights,
Democracy, nuclear proliferation, environment, terrorism.
B) India and the World
 1. Indian Foreign Policy: Institutions of policy-making; Determinants
of foreign policy; continuity and change.
 2. India's Contribution to the Non-Alignment Movement: Current role;
Different phases;
 3. India and South Asia:
 South Asia as a Free Trade Area.
 Regional Co-operation: SAARC – future prospects and past
performance.
 Impediments to regional co-operation: illegal cross-border migration;
river water disputes; ethnic conflicts and insurgencies; border
disputes.
 India's "Look East" policy.

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 4. India and the Global South: Leadership role in the demand for
NIEO and WTO negotiations, Relations with Africa and Latin
America.
 5. India and the Global Centres of Power: EU, China, USA, Japan,
and Russia.
 6. India and the UN System: Demand for Permanent Seat in the
Security Council; Role in UN Peace-keeping.
 7. India and the Nuclear Question: Changing policy and perceptions.
 8. Recent developments in Indian Foreign policy: Growing relations
with US and Israel; India's position on the recent crisis in West Asia,
Afghanistan and Iraq, the vision of new world order.

2. Tami Literature

Paper-I
Section: A

Part: 1 History of Tamil Language

Major Indian Language Families-The place of Tamil among Indian

languages in general and Dravidian in particular-Enumeration and
Distribution of Dravidian languages.
The language of Sangam literature-The language of medieval Tamil:
Pallava period only-Historical study of Nouns, Verbs, adjectives, adverbs
Tense markers and case markers in Tamil.
Borrowing of words from other languages into Tamil-Regional and social
dialects-difference between literary and spoken Tamil.
Part: 2 History of Tamil Literature

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Tolkappiyam-Sangam Literatue-The division of Akam and puram-The

secular characteristics of Sangam Literature-The development of Ethical
literature-Silappadikaram and Manimekalai.
Part: 3 Devotional literature (Alwars and Nayanmars) The bridal
mysticism in Alwar hymns-Minor literary forms (Tutu, Ula, Parani,
Kuravanji)
Social factors for the development of Modern Tamil literature: Novel, Short
story and New Poetry-The impact of various political ideologies on modern
writings.

Section: B
Part:1 Recent trends in Tamil Studies
Approaches to criticism: Social , psychologiocal, hostorical and moralistic-
the use of criticism-the various techniques in literature: Ullurai, Iraicchi,
Thonmam (Myth) Otturuvagam (allegory), Angadam (Satire), Meyppadu,
Padimam(image), Kuriyeedu (Symbol), Irunmai (ambiguity)-The concep[t of
comparative literature-the principle of comparative literature.
Part: 2 Folk literature in Tamil: Ballads, Songs, proverbs and riddles-
Sociological study of Tamil folklore. Uses of translation-Translation of Tamil
works into other languages-Development of journalism in Tamil.
Part: 3 Cultural Heritage of the Tamils
Concept of Love and War-Concept of Aram-the ethical codes adopted by
the ancient Tamils in their warfare-customs, beliefs, rituals, modes of
worship in the five Thinais. The cultural changes as revealed in post
sangam literature-cultural fusion in the medieval period (Jainism &

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Buddhism). The development of arts and architecture through the ages

(Pallavas, later cholas, and Nayaks). The impact of various political, social,
religious and cultural movements on Tamil Society. The role of mass media
in the cultural change of contemporary Tamill society.

Paper-II
Answers must be written in Tamil.
The paper will require first hand reading of the Text prescribed and will be
designed to test the critical ability of the candidate.

Section-: A
Part: 1 Ancient Literature
(1) Kuruntokai (1-25 poems)
(2) Purananurui (182-200 poems)
(3) Tirukkural Porutpal : Arasiyalum Amaichiyalum (from Iraimatchi to
Avaianjamai)
Part : 2 Epic Literature
(1) Silappadikaram: Madhurai Kandam only.
(2) Kambaramayanam: Kumbakarunan Vadhai Padalam
Part 3: Devotional Literature
(1) Tiruvasagam: Neetthal Vinnappam
(2) Tiruppavai: (Full Text)
Section-: B
Modern Literature
Part:1 Poetry
(1) Bharathiar: Kannan Pattu

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(2) Bharathidasan: Kudumba Vilakku

(3) Naa. Kamarasan: Karuppu Malarkal
Prose
(1) Mu. Varadharajanar. Aramum Arasiyalum
(2) C N Annadurai: Ye! Thazhntha Tamilagame.
Part : 2 Novel, Short story and Drama
(1) Akilon: Chittirappavai
(2) Jayakanthan: Gurupeedam
(3) Cho: Yarukkum Vetkamillai
Part: 3 Folk Literature
(1) Muthuppattan Kathai Edited by Na. Vanamamalai, (Publication: Madurai
Kamaraj University)
(2) Malaiyaruvi, Edited by Ki. Va Jagannathan (Publication: Saraswathi,
Mahal, Thanjavur)

3. Public Administration:

PAPER - I
Administrative Theory
Introduction: Meaning, scope and significance of Public Administration;
Wilson's vision of Public Administration; Evolution of the discipline and its
present status; New Public Administration; Public Choice approach;
Challenges of liberalization, Privatization, Globalization; Good Governance:
concept and application; New Public Management.
Administrative Thought: Scientific Management and Scientific
Management movement; Classical Theory; Weber's bureaucratic model -
its critique and post-Weberian Developments; Dynamic Administration

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(Mary Parker Follett); Human Relations School (Elton Mayo and others);
Functions of the Executive (C.I. Barnard); Simon's decision-making theory;
Participative Management (R. Likert, C. Argyris, D. McGregor).
Administrative Behavior: Process and techniques of decision-making;
Communication; Morale; Motivation Theories - content, process and
contemporary; Theories of Leadership: Traditional and Modern.
Organizations: Theories - systems, contingency; Structure and forms:
Ministries and Departments, Corporations, Companies, Boards and
Commissions; Ad hoc and advisory bodies; Headquarters and Field
relationships; Regulatory Authorities; Public - Private Partnerships.
Accountability and control: Concepts of accountability and control;
Legislative, Executive and Judicial control over administration; Citizen and
Administration; Role of media, interest groups, voluntary organizations;
Civil society; Citizen's Charters; Right to Information; Social audit.
Administrative Law: Meaning, scope and significance; Dicey on
Administrative law; Delegated legislation; Administrative Tribunals.
Comparative Public Administration: Historical and sociological factors
affecting administrative systems; Administration and politics in different
countries; status of Comparative Public Administration; Ecology and
administration; Riggsian models and their critique.
Development Dynamics: Concept of development; Changing profile of
development administration; 'Antidevelopment thesis'; Bureaucracy and
development; Strong state versus the market debate; Impact of
liberalization on administration in developing countries; Women and
development - the self-help group movement.

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Personnel Administration: Importance of human resource development;

Recruitment, training, career advancement, position classification,
discipline, performance appraisal, promotion, pay and service conditions;
employer- employee relations, grievance redressal mechanism; Code of
conduct; Administrative ethics.
Public Policy: Models of policy-making and their critique; Processes of
conceptualization, planning, implementation, monitoring, evaluation and
review and their limitations; State theories and public policy formulation.
Techniques of Administrative Improvement: Organization and methods,
Work study and work management; e-governance and information
technology; Management aid tools like network analysis, MIS, PERT, CPM.
Financial Administration: Monetary and fiscal policies; Public borrowings
and public debt Budgets - types and forms; Budgetary process; Financial
accountability; Accounts and audit.

PAPER - II
Indian Administration
Evolution of Indian Administration: Kautilya's Arthashastra; Mughal
administration; Legacy of British rule in politics and administration -
Indianization of public services, revenue administration, district
administration, local self-government.
Philosophical and Constitutional framework of government: Salient
features and value premises; Constitutionalism; Political culture;
Bureaucracy and democracy; Bureaucracy and development.

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Public Sector Undertakings: Public sector in modern India; Forms of

Public Sector Undertakings; Problems of autonomy, accountability, and
control; Impact of liberalization and privatization.
Union Government and Administration: Executive, Parliament, Judiciary
- structure, functions, work processes; Recent trends; Intragovernmental
relations; Cabinet Secretariat; Prime Minister's Office; Central Secretariat;
Ministries and Departments; Boards; Commissions; Attached offices; Field
organizations.
Plans and Priorities: Machinery of planning; Role, composition and
functions of the Planning Commission and the National Development
Council; 'Indicative' planning; Process of plan formulation at Union and
State levels; Constitutional Amendments (1992) and decentralized planning
for economic development and social justice.
State Government and Administration: Union-State administrative,
legislative and financial relations; Role of the Finance Commission;
Governor; Chief Minister; Council of Ministers; Chief Secretary; State
Secretariat; Directorates.
District Administration since Independence: Changing role of the
Collector; Union state- local relations; Imperatives of development
management and law and order administration; District administration and
democratic decentralization.
Civil Services: Constitutional position; Structure, recruitment, training and
capacity-building; Good governance initiatives; Code of conduct and
discipline; Staff associations; Political rights; Grievance redressal
mechanism; Civil service neutrality; Civil service activism.
Financial Management: Budget as a political instrument; Parliamentary
control of public expenditure; Role of finance ministry in monetary and

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fiscal area; Accounting techniques; Audit; Role of Controller General of

Accounts and Comptroller and Auditor General of India.
Administrative Reforms since Independence: Major concerns; Important
Committees and Commissions; Reforms in financial management and
human resource development; Problems of implementation.
Rural Development: Institutions and agencies since independence; Rural
development programmes: foci and strategies; Decentralization and
Panchayati Raj; 73rd Constitutional amendment.
Urban Local Government: Municipal governance: main features,
structures, finance and problem areas; 74th Constitutional Amendment;
Global local debate; New localism; Development dynamics, politics and
administration with special reference to city management.
Law and Order Administration: British legacy; National Police
Commission; Investigative agencies; Role of central and state agencies
including paramilitary forces in maintenance of law and order and
countering insurgency and terrorism; Criminalization of politics and
administration; Police-public relations; Reforms in Police.
Significant issues in Indian Administration: Values in public service;
Regulatory Commissions; National Human Rights Commission; Problems
of administration in coalition regimes; Citizen-administration interface;
Corruption and administration; Disaster management.

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