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Relay

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20 views15 pages

Relay

Uploaded by

1234alishamsher
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Relay

Relay
• A Relay is an electromechanical device that can be used to
make or break an electrical connection.
• It consists of a flexible moving mechanical part which can be
controlled electronically through an electromagnet.
• Basically, a relay is just like a mechanical switch but you can
control it with an electronic signal instead of manually turning it
on or off.
Types of Relay
• Solid State Relays (SSR). These relays use thyristors and triacs for their operation.
The coupling, between the input circuit and the output circuit, is optical. SSR are
faster, quieter, smaller, more reliable, and last longer than electromagnetic relays.
• Industrial relays. These relays handle high currents and are long lasting.
• Interlocking relays. Devices that are activated or deactivated with a voltage pulse.
Depending on the polarity of the pulse, the position of the contacts change.
• Thermal relays. They are used to protect motors against over-temperature. When the
temperature reaches a certain level, it is activated and disconnects the contactor which
in turn disables the motor.
• Reed relays. This device is very basic and has a small size. It is a fast operating
switch design with only one NO contact. Some have glass encapsulation and others
with metal encapsulation to prevent external magnetic fields from activating the relay.
• Mercury relays. Inside it has a drop of mercury that moistens the contacts, giving
them a longer life and avoiding the rebounds that appear when they are activated.
• Contactors. These devices have the same principle of operation of relay. The current,
voltage or power values are very large and the contactors must have characteristics
that withstand these values.
Advantages

• It allows to control a remote device. It is not necessary


to be near the device to make it work.
• Change contacts easily.
• Isolates the activating part of the actuating part.
• It works well at high temperatures.
• It is activated with low current, however it can activate
large machines of great power.
• With a single signal you can control several contacts at
once.
• It can switch direct current or alternating current
Disadvantages
• Contacts are damaged over time and continuous use
(wear, oxidation, etc.)
• They generate a lot of noise with the activation and
deactivation of the contacts.
• Switching time is high.
Ladder Logic Diagram
Basic Ladder Logic Symbols
• Normally Open (NO) contact
Passes power (on) when coil driving the contact is on.

• Normally Close (NC) contact


Passes power (on) when coil driving the contact is off.
Basic Ladder Logic Symbols
• Output or Coil
When power flows through the Coils via contacts they are
energized.
AND OPERATION

• Both S4 and S5 must be true(1) in order to Turn on Output(L3)


• So ladder Diagram of AND Operation will be
OR Operation

• Either input S1 or S2 is true (1) or both are true (1) then output L2 is
true(1).
• So ladder Diagram of OR Operation will be
NOT GATE

• If input S1 is be true (1), then the output L1 is true (0) or when A is


(0), output C is 1.
• So ladder Diagram of NOT Operation will be

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