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CH 201 Tutorial Set 1

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21 views1 page

CH 201 Tutorial Set 1

Uploaded by

Benson Shayo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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UNIVERSITY OF DAR ES SALAAM

CHENISTRY DEPARTMENT
CH 201 CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS

Tutorial Question Set 1 for 2023/2024


1. Give an explanation for each of the following statements:
(a) work done in any adiabatic process is path independent.
(b) the heat at constant pressure can be replaced by enthalpy which is a state function.
(c) On a 𝑝 against 𝑉 plot, adiabats steeper than isotherms.
2. Distinguish between reversible and irreversible expansion.
3. Given the reaction occurs at 25 °C; Fe(s) + 2HCl(aq) → FeC12(aq) + H2(g). Calculate the work done
when 50 g of iron reacts with hydrochloric acid in; (a) a closed vessel of fixed volume. (b) an open beaker
at 25 °C.
4. A piece of zinc of mass 5.0 g is dropped into a beaker containing dilute hydrochloric acid. Calculate the
work done by the system as a result of the reaction. The atmospheric pressure is 1 bar and the temperature
is 23 °C.
5. A sample consisting of 2.00 mol He is expanded isothermally at 0 °C from 5.0 dm3 to 20.0 dm3, (i)
reversibly, (ii) against a constant external pressure equal to the final pressure of the gas, and (iii) freely
(against zero external pressure). For the three processes calculate 𝑞, 𝑤, and Δ𝑈.
6. Assume a reversible process so that 𝑝𝑒𝑥𝑡 = 𝑝 for the system consisting of an ideal gas compressed from
the initial state (𝑝1 𝑉1 ) to the final state (𝑝2 𝑉2). The final state can be reached through two paths; cooling
at constant pressure followed by heating at constant volume. In the second path, the gas is heated at
constant volume followed by cooling at constant pressure. Note that in compression 𝑉1 > 𝑉2 and 𝑝1 < 𝑝2 .
(i) Draw the pV indicator diagram of the processes.
(ii) Show that for the closed circle ∮ d𝑤 ≠ 0
7. A sample consisting of 2.00 mol He is expanded isothermally at 22 °C from 22.8 dm3 to 31.7 dm3; (a)
reversibly, (b) against a constant external pressure equal to the final pressure of the gas, and (c) freely.
For the three processes calculate 𝑞, w, ∆𝑈, and ∆𝐻.
8. An ideal gas at 1 bar and 298 K is compressed to 3 bar and 298 K by two different closed system
mechanically reversible processes: (a) Cooling at constant pressure followed by heating at constant
volume, and (b) heating at constant volume followed by cooling at constant pressure. Calculate the 𝑞, 𝑤,
𝛥𝑈 and 𝛥𝐻 of the air for each path. The following heat capacities for ideal gas may be assumed
independent of temperature: 𝐶𝑉 = 21 and 𝐶𝑝 = 29 J·mol−1·K−1 Assume the gas behaves ideally, at 298
K and at 1 bar the molar volume of the gas is 0.02479 m3·mol−1. Give your conclusion from the results
obtained.
9. A sample of H2(g) expands adiabatically and reversibly from a state 1 where p1= 1 × 105 Pa, V1 = 2 × 103
m3, T1 = 300 K to state 2 where V2 = 4 × 103 m3. Assume H2 to behave as an ideal gas and calculate the
final temperature, T2, and pressure, p2. Use the constant value 𝐶𝑝 = 28.8 J mol1 K1. Calculate n(H2,g),
and 𝑈, w and 𝐻 for the expansion process.
10. The constant-pressure heat capacity of a sample of an ideal gas was found to vary with temperature
according to the expression 𝐶𝑝/(𝐽 𝐾 −1 ) = 20.17 + 0.4001𝑇. Calculate 𝑞, 𝑤, ∆𝑈, and ∆𝐻 when the
temperature is raised from 0 °C to 100 °C (a) at constant pressure, (b) at constant volume.

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