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33 views1 page

Sheet 2

Uploaded by

ibrahimabdella20001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Sheet No.

2 (Gas and Combined Power Cycles)

1- A gas turbine power plant operating on an ideal Brayton cycle has a pressure ratio of 8. The gas
temperature is 300 K at the compressor inlet and 1300 K at the turbine inlet. Using the air-
standard assumptions, determine (a) the gas temperature at the exits of the compressor and the
turbine, (b) the back work ratio, and (c) the thermal efficiency.

2- For the previous example, assuming a compressor efficiency of 80 percent and a turbine
efficiency of 85 percent, determine (a) the back work ratio, (b) the thermal efficiency, and (c)
the turbine exit temperature.

3- For Problem 2, determine the thermal efficiency of the gas turbine if a regenerator having an
effectiveness of 80 percent is installed.
4- An ideal gas-turbine cycle with two stages of compression and two stages of expansion has an
overall pressure ratio of 8. Air enters each stage of the compressor at 300 K and each stage of
the turbine at 1300 K. Determine the back work ratio and the thermal efficiency of this gas-
turbine cycle, assuming (a) no regenerators and (b) an ideal regenerator with 100 percent
effectiveness. Compare the results with those obtained in Example.

5- Consider a combined gas–steam power cycle. The topping cycle is a gas-turbine cycle that has
a pressure ratio of 8. Air enters the compressor at 300 K and the turbine at 1300 K. The isentropic
efficiency of the compressor is 80 percent, and that of the gas turbine is 85 percent. The
bottoming cycle is a simple ideal Rankine cycle operating between the pressure limits of 7 MPa
and 5 kPa. Steam is heated in a heat exchanger by the exhaust gases to a temperature of 500°C.
The exhaust gases leave the heat exchanger at 450 K. Determine (a) the ratio of the mass flow
rates of the steam and the combustion gases and (b) the thermal efficiency of the combined cycle.

6- Consider a combined gas–steam power plant with a net power output of 450 MW. The pressure
ratio of the gas turbine cycle is 14. Air enters the compressor at 300 K and the turbine at 1400
K. The combustion gases leaving the gas turbine heat the steam at 8 MPa to 400°C in a heat
exchanger. The combustion gases leave the heat exchanger at 460 K. An open feedwater heater
incorporated with the steam cycle operates at a pressure of 0.6 MPa. The condenser pressure is
20 kPa. Assuming isentropic efficiencies of 100 percent for the pump, 82 percent for the
compressor, and 86 percent for the gas and steam turbines. Determine (a) the mass flow rate
ratio of air to steam. (b) the required rate of heat input in the combustion chamber. And (c) the
thermal efficiency of the combined cycle.

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