Public Disclosure Authorized

Environment Impact Assessment

Hexi Corridor (Shute River) Project
Gansu Province ,PRC
Public Disclosure Authorized
Public Disclosure Authorized

NorthwestLnvestigationDesign&ResearchInstitute of
Ministryof ELectricPower&Ministryof WaterResources
Public Disclosure Authorized

June 1995
..- Owl-. Compi {lUJ ulli t:

,Worf
hwrst .fnves i, ti on Design e Research lust. itt.c 0
Ministry of Energvand Ministr.y of i'aterRe.ourees
Gansu Province 14-droelectric Explorat:ion A Desi,qnln.ntfiaO

Peoplein charge of administration

ling qingeii, Jia Z.longqnran

1echnical responsible people

Fang Runshen.;.iang 6uodon.g, ant; Ruir JYo

71c)hninal e.xaminer

*afis Zhu a, Z.h.ns Rttitons , Song Keiguany

People in charge of the project

Zhang Ruitang , Ming Xingt.ai . Gong GLuoying

Writer or the report

Wnf Sinstai QOwanGuan.qfen,w Ji

un Min9., i,nraq IrJSenIgF
Li Xi jing N.u rianxiang Gu. fino/ra , Znon .5hryi
MansZhu .4n Ztaig Ruirong Zhans/ flaading ifien f.ei
COwIlaiwivn ConppGu.ryio , Rrn6ensia' .ZIhongq
Liangrn
610o Anl Sn1sw WcigPyIg9
 t
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

5eiwzJ,'yof I)ro.ject evaluation uni ts and responsible p&yp1e

Suh.frct. Evaluntion units Responsible pieople

------- ________---------------____-_-----------------------------

Ilrdrn_eoloq.r Environment Geology Researclr Zlao Jiandong

Institrute of.Gansu Province
Geological Nining Bureaul

.Surface rater EnOironArentEvaluation Institute King Limiq

Gansli Province Jiuquan Prefecttre .

SOiland soil GansruProvince kiLdroelectric TianSnyi,i

irjprvement Exploration & Desisn Institute
- - - - - - - …--
- - - - - - - - - - - - - -
…- - ------

rrJaogical Gansu Province Environment 7.hanq Fair

environment Protection Research Institute Ping Qixia

Agriti:ltIure GansriProrince.Hydroelectric VonPiFer_

Prondlction Exploration & DesignInstit.te

lum.?inhealth Anti - epideric Station of liuquan Lai Laisheng

Prefecture , Gansu Province
--------- ~------
Northwest Population Research Institute Yrum RoIufluwlB

Res.eltIement Northwest Population Research FtYuan

N,araq
& emrironi ent Institute of Lanzhou Universcity
C:aprlctyi
 Tableof contents'

1. Preface I 1
2.. General
survey
of theproject 14 37

3. General
surveyon environment 38 - 68
4. Environment
affectand counter
measures 69 - 132
5. Replacement
alternative
assessment 133- 135
0. Environment
monitoring 13607143

7. Environment
protection
and management iN z 148
8.. Investment
estimating
an environment
protection 149 15.
B. Publicinvolvement 155-159

10.Conclusion 160 - 166

11.Annex(3 --l) 167-176'

 Tableof Contents

1. Preface I
1.1 compiling purpose -
1.1.1 sumaryof theproject I
1.1.1impurtance uf lheprujecl -
1.1.3purpose of compilingthe environment =
impactstatement
I.Z. basisforcompiLing z
1.t.1project proposaL z
Z outline
1.Z. forevaluaLion work - Z
1.2.3technicalagreement- 3
1.2.4reguLations & standardson evaLuation. 31
1.3.1evatuation scope- 4
1.1.?work v
quantity 4
1.3.3evaluation unitsandpersonnel 4-
1.3.4maintechnical methods 5
1.4 conLruLand proLection objectives .

1.5 - evaluationprocedureand 7
administrative sumary
1.5.1cvaluation pro.cdurc 7
Zadministrative
1.5. sjmmarv 7
1.6 briefintroduction -of the-EIA 8

2. Genaral surveyof theprojecL 1

2.1 types, characteristics andpurpose of 14
theproposed project
2.2 briefintroduction to theproject and itsscaLe 15
2.2.1 Changnma waterresources juncture project 15
2.2.Z headworks 15
2.2.1 irrigation canaLworks 16
2.2.4drainage works 18
2.2.5hydrapowcrstation works 19
2.2.6auxiliary works in lhe projert area 2X
2.2.7 resettLement project 21
2.3 design and construction oF the proposed works Zl
2.4 overaLL schedule of the proposed works Z1
2.4.1 waLer resources works Z1
7.4.7 resettLement Z3
2.4.3 auxitliary works .
2.5 investment estimating of the proposed project z3
2.6 anaLysis of Lhe proposed works 24
-2.6.1 anaLysis of water resources works Z4
 2.6.Z analysis of theimmigrants reseltlem.ent 25
2.6.3 anaLysis of service and auxiliary works Z5
2.6.4 anaLysis of construction works z6
2.6.5 program on the project economydeveLopment 33

1. GeneraL survey of environment 38

3I.1 physical environment 38 -
3.1.1 location , landforms and,geotogy :38
3.I. 2 soui
l -
3.1.3climate 4
3.1.4 su rface water 44-
3.1.5undcrground watcr 45
3.1.6 terrestrial hinta 57
J.1.7 teirrestriatL animaL 58
3.1.8 aquatic biola 59
3.1.9 aqautic animal -59
3.2 sociaL environmenL 59
3.7.1 popuLation status in the project area 59
3.2.2development status of agricuLture and industry - -
3.2.3 public infrastructiure 60
M.2.4cuLLurt, relics and histuricaL sites 61
3.2.5mineral resources -61
3.2.6penple's health 1 61
3.3 anaLysis on cnvironmcnt status .65-
3.3.1 review on historic and present 55
envisonment problems
3.3.2 anaLysis on physical environment status 66
3.3.3anaLysis on sociaL eavironment status 57

4. environment affect and counter measures 59

4.1 affect on water resources 69
4.1.1affect on sturface water resources 59
4.1.2 affccLun underground water resoureces 71
4.1.3 analysis on suppLy and demandof 7z
waLer resources deveLopment
4.1.4 cvatuation concLusion 73
4.1.5 measuures& technical requirement on 73
water resources & dispatch
4.2 affect on water quality of-surface water 74
4.2.1 analysis on effect 74
4.2.2 evaluation conclusion 78
4.7.3 counter measures 78
4.3 affecl on hydrogeology . 9
4.3.1 forecast an water table 79
4.j.Z furecast un underground water quaLily Hz
4..M program on environment hydrogeological 53
 mnnitoring & protection
4.3.4 affect on environmentand geology --
around Changam reservoir - -
4.3. 5 interim summary 5
4.4 affect on local climate 5
4.5 affect-on soiL -
4.5.1 improvement measures on saline land 86
4.5.2 -leach.ing& drainage affects disposal area
4.5.3 forecasting & evalualion on suil evulution 92;
4.5.4 counter measures to prevenl soiL deterioration fl
4.5.5 programonmonitoring and obser'vaLionstations 92
4.5.6intcrim sumary -93
4.6 affect on ecntope
4.6.1 analysis on affective factors 93
4.6.2 methodson forecasLing and evoLution
4.6.3 affect degree and range 96
4.6.4 analysis on theproject significance
4.6.5 counter measures 99
4.7 environment affectof resettLement
4.7.1 qualitative analysis on resettlemenl
unvironnmentcapaciLy 101
4.7.2 quantitative analysis on-resetlLement ---
environmentcapacity1
4.1.)evaluation conclusion on cnvironmcntcapacity- 105
4.7.4environment affect bn resettLement 105
4.7.5counter measures
4.8 effect on rural energy 10?
4.9 affect on group peopLe's health EII
4.9.1 analysis on affective reasons 111
4.9.7 analysis concerning affect on humanheaLth 113
4.9.3 anaLysis on favorabLeeffect on humanheaLth 115
4.9.4 evaluation c&ncLusion 115
4.9.5 health program of lheresettlen+nt area 115
4.10 effect on cuLture relics and historic sites 117
4.10.1 effect on culture reLics and historic sites 117
4.10.2 protection mucasures 117
4.11 effect on agricuLture production 118
4.11.1 inprovementofwater utilization 118
rate of agriculture production
4.11.Z improvementof cultivated land productivity 115
4.11.3 to optimize crop structure for maximum benefit 119
4.11.4 affect on agriculture production of
the emigrated area
4.11.5 to relax grain situation ofOansuProvince 1Z5
4.11.6 erfect un involunlary iitmigrauls' agricutlure 126
4.11.7 dounter measures 126

*1
4.12 affect Incnnstrttltion
on environment perind 126
4.12.1excavationaffectson envlroinment 126
4.12.2disposalaffect 121
4.12.3noiseaffect 127
4.12.4dustaffect n-
4.17.5affecton people's health Inconstruction-period 120
4.12.6countermeasures 120
4.11 brier analysis on social economy ,IZ
4.14 riskanalysis 129
4.14.1riskanaLysis on earthquake and fLood 129
4.14.2riskanalysis on resetttenent 130
4.14.3riskon shortagc of irrigation 151
waLerin lowwateryear
4.14.4countermeasures 131

5. RepLacement alternative assessement 153

principles
and replacement
5.1 comparison 13
aLternatives,,
on repLacement
9.7comparison 133
alternatives
on replacement
5.3assessement 13

6t. Enviruonitenl
monitoring 135
6.1 necessityof environment monitoring 136
6.2 monitoringcontents and lechnicalrequiiement 136
6.3 technical requirementof monitoring 137
6.4 measures forperformance on monitoring
of p-ragram 131
6.4.1personnel 137
6.4.2 training
program
6.4.3instrumentand facilities
6.5 submissionrules of monitoringinformation

7. Environmentmanagement 144
7.1 necessity of management 144
7.2 establishment ofmanagementorganizalion 144
7.3 main responsibility and personnet 144
7.4 managementmethods 145
7.5 civil works and facilitics 146

8. InvesLment estimatingon environmentprotecLion 149

estimaLing
8. I basis & principles for investment 149
on environment protection
8.2 investment estimating 149
8.3 costforenvironment protection 149

9. Publicparticipation 155
areaseoncerned
in tlie
9.1 pubLicinvlveenint 155
methbds
9.1.1investigation 155
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.* ..
:W rwmA:

9.1.2 response fromimmigrants in HexiRegion

9.1.3 attitude of theplanned imnigrants.- 155
9.-.4 public involvement in the emigratedareas... 156
9.2 participation of social organization andgroups 157.
9.2.1response fromthePeoples' RepresentaLiveCongress 157
9.7.7response fromntheyouthLeague 157
9.2.3response froimWomenFederation 158
9.2.4 response fromexperts 15 .
9.3 counter measures '59

10. Conclusion 16U

10.1 projcct bcnefits 160
10.1.1 direct econnmic benefits 16U
10.1.2 s'ciaL effects .160
10.1.3 ecological effects 151
10.2 uLiLization of resources 162
I0.2.I utilization of water resources 152
In.7.7 utiLization of Landresources 162
10.2.3 utitization of Light and heat resources 15
10.2.4 utilization of other resources -163-
10.3 reduction , reiuovat arid reiiiedy on 164
adverse environnientaffects
10.4 environment protection managemenL 165
o'ganizzationsand manitoring
evaluiation stations
10.5 concLusion 165

l1. Annex(3--10) ! 167

Annex3 Mainreference materiaLs 167

Annex4 Investigation forms for the emigrated people 1 9
Annex5 Investigation forms for people 170
in LleinuniigraLedareas
Annex6 Environmentimpact evaluation works outline
Annex7 Documentof the SLate EnvironmentProtection Bureau I7
Annex8 NameListof thercport compiLcrs 17Z
Annexq Examinationcommnentsat pre - examination 173
meeLingon EIA
Annex Experts namelist of the pre - examination
10 115
meeting on EIA
 i~~~~~~~~~~ *t - *
I.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

1. Preface =,

1. i Compli7l
lj )tIIlIJOSO

or Ihe proJect
1.1.1 Summary
The llJx3 ' Corridlor Project of aans PrrovJnce of ChiII (
herelnaftnei cnlled as t.le project Iis located Litn 94 .18'8
---- 17° 0' E an1d 49O 140 --- 40'30', In Inlhe middle andllovetl
reaches oa the Shule Rivemwntershed aren of GansuProvince ,
tihe plroject ripen Is tiidler administratlJon of YTimehe City mid MAixI
Couinty of .liuqnln Prerectu.lre . flnnsil Province Agricultur-e
Commissioni is responsible for tIlieprojecL . The p!roject includes
:to l. ewl c*onstructlargescale( grade1T I water resources
workliscalled ClianunaReservoir ;to rebtilid larie *scnle ( urade 11
rhiijid'Reservoir *to newly constriuc't diainiue works to reclaim
516 tin of halrrcii lanid, lu resettle 0.2 milloail imuiiurnit.s frmnm
mliddlIeandsonttlern part of GaInsu Province:la colsIrilledtIl elevallf
auriculLUMre HrY services
a1x1iii

or the tiroject dlevelopmelnt

1.1.2 Imporl.ariee
Shortase nr urmil is onie of Lthe maii rest.raints for
or
erntltIiC qcktiotejMUiL
Oh'llsu Provincve. Gansu pirovilice is nalkillu
vren i erforts to solve f(ondpiroiblem vourerningpeople or Ilie
middle andsoutliern parts or rGansuProvince ,Ji:t. t.be problem is
still notlsolver . Theljrnject has 4ignificance to develolpShii]e
River watershed. to est.nblishi conmercibl urain base of fiGisii
Pirovince, l.o resettle immigrantsfro ftIhe middie rnd soultliernt
paris of CianstiProvince , to qujiclklyimprove preople's li.vilno
staartilad. It. is a key step to dlevelnipSliuileRiver water for
viaOroi)IS dleveloipmenL or. Gansu,Province by means of takillu
opportuinity of Asia-- Enrope Continental Brid!Je whiichit.ravels
tilrouh tLleproject area . China is Dill! the cunntries whili
seriously siifferinos from desert. disasler in Iliweworld . Hex!
Ruvini or GansiiProvince las large nr!;anr desert withi seriouis
disasI er. It will. havestrategical significaicep to solve thie
proilemr of seriouis deseritification of laind, witihcombiinationor
ctvVeiopment.o.1Ce prOject.
Or

1.1 .3 Purpose nf cnmpilirrj the environnenlt impact statement

The environimenit. impact stat.emenL ( liereinaffher caleled as
ETA" for shiart. ) for comprehensivedevelopment, ur ngricul.Lurre
irri'ation andresettlemenitin the Slule River of GansuPrroince
tit;s rVllowiniu cPP 1111 purpose: [ihe developmentproject should
enisure fully uililizitn water ,soil l,1ight nilmlheal. r;esonlrcrs
in the watershed ,rationally resettle imiuiranits rrom- mticidle
ant7tsouthern parl.s " or Gansui Province anid t.o pay great
 - . # !. f fiK,v,,'>= -~~~~~~~Itt ,,

nt(ct
l (ll1n tn cni rommelit.liazarndIn lii enrly sl.nauor tfle pr.ilrt I
corisiruet.lon,whtIli: nro p i-i lntoeli'nl. In the iirJov.l:I insInil,I:n
mitglUnte Ulfm detrimeil.nl af1'ctis I icased 1b l.hc projOcl
a loveloamjilt. Into mliinlmi!m,I.tJ r,xpimlrlaid prove Ilie l'ensIbill ly
nl' tl't lproject.develuomit; euvirninenlUli 1 ,In enortillnle 11te
-latlalol 11elweenlcennom Itll I developmenit aiwl ovilviruliillI ,to
Improveecualoulcal envtironment niaid urive nt aniiii Ily tibeltweeri
su1Inin , eoIilnI rinmnoVtl
i.ixonniet
i. belnI'l s
n, reatis nl e viraitmeita tillil't. nssesLmellit, i h proj eN.
tIesI IIIIt , cousiz'I.
ilnto , Iliwi olorrower
ri iit tie Wol'11 Batilk work
1cam pla,yattent.1ionas cu(rlf as possible to pototta1.n I so II
wnlcr lgoi llJ 181lil11 i galf. ioln , lan1d (eesi'.I ricaont I , venet at.laoi
dninfle , lndt siihinersion , aid curry I.he resetlI entl
I crq'acit , ,umanliel i 11i ,wnIt.r
enrvirtiiimeti reswullrcosItt.II l iil nl
nuil stlvDicewiiter qualiLy hilti nualynIssis
.It. makes1-hepiaoJecl.
Irsj Oiler , const.riictor,burrawer nud LheWot'ld fnak wnlrkteanm. L
I rent nil enviionimcrtl.nI errectsr, in the project detelopmenl:Aren
It time nti etrectively . So9me rest.raio.sl.s aid tosses which
iiijit lie cCOUsed11,VI ilt'oresrnen and notentialeiilvironmeul
ll
problttmsvwitwil. ass,ssmelilmIiy be avoidet.
Compii n ol' lhe nssessment. Will p1rovidle
esseiitl I
iiiPormnoI arn tar ecboeral; Ion hel.ween cllepart mciits concerned a rid
piot-ent Sl 11.1ngallon
in i , improvemeril.' and lptrublectiaon wavys r
(iao I Z:tt.iO 115 d1
iordliuiviclul IS

1.2 fnsis tor coupI iniI:

1.2.1 Projeoct priopoisnaI:

In .lune of 199n . Gnnsu Provinicial Ilnveoiemnitt. sulilmillcl I he

Pro.ject.Prolnsal t.a Lie SInt.e Coni]c l , and lIfi pi1l.iedl illnItlil!CS
i wal.erresourcesworks itnciiidinu CltanumaReservoir aud In 10 rjth
n9riciiillure atixi Iary works ,wilh investrriet of 832 million
yianm. After a.mp!etioli of the projeri. ,54iI lha irri alted lndtl
cart he increased . 1M700ha nr former farm land call lhe modifiedl;
1.23 ntilliwti peipl e ot 12 coutlnies i.n the midti e pour areas cun
tie se1.led , alid el. Illem tiioroujhlr drtesswarm anrl enlltthe]l
l[ II . Willii dreveiouveril oatplaiitatinn, desert will hetame oasis
;oiistru L.ion nl winml -hreaks and shele rrrest-r}sr will iuprotve
Iihe wealter:ulou', , lo makeLhe poor areas bncnme vrich ar1idIn
orentl.y promotedlevelopment. of local eco(tmvand ciilture
Later vil.h deepeningof tihe works , in Itheleasi li.y sitildy
relport stated timt : the projcct intctidiniiuZ5 sub - ilrrijcts,
wiltl rosettlemieit orf 1.2 nil lion i mlt!Jnirnits, LutLa statI ic
invesImentwas 2.53 hIi Ilion yuan . eqjuivalent,to llSY291 million.

1.2.2 DuLlileInco evalvlatianwrik

6.2 .
 I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I

itn accordtiice with

l EnviroiimentProteclinn Lnwof thn r
PeoplQ's Republic Chlinan Regulationsoa Construction
"

EnvironmentProtaecltionand Kinauemomnt " . " EvalrintIortStandard

ini llydruolectric Ploject Environment ImpacL" eclc, we compiled
t.le ItETS "'
In July nf 1091 , tire State Envirorim6t Protectloin Bureau
lIlot review moutingon thlc ' Orltline for evalipntlin wnrk *" In
Lntziriii , tire capitol or arntsin Province The explor,tsmode
followling remarkson the outline
n. The oiLli no has reliatlve rnill inrformition . wit clear
keylxi.bts eindi ranue for evnlint.lon ,vlth ril'lsoniableovalhitionil
plocediures nnd subjects , Lhe outlitne bnsical]ly met the
requiromento " Reaulnlions oi Construction Evlvironmoil t
ProtectIion arid Management Evaluation Stnntdwd On
ilyrlruelnctric Project Environimlenit
Impaictl
h. Frau loinit view of practice ni8i couicentralloll ,lt Is
recomenelided
to makcfurther slrpp]ementntiorlnal Modificntilon
in Septciemer of 1901 ,tIhe World Banhk Hliss oilo, hIead1edl
by Hi.
L . S Tny arriveil In Lnizlioniinnd clieckedthe,works conceriiiig
tiic project Mr .Tny mnderemarkson the oittlinn wnrlts : Gnisu
Province oroianized8 d]eparlirentm s concernedto mvae canriledouit
dinvi'roumemilin.ahluevaluiation in respect of hydroseolnooatnd
wat.erquality , ecoloUical environment,peolple's henalth, social
euvivlonmeit, vegetat[lonalterAtion and soil Inprovemenit ,tid
mnrlefrill ]; corisideratin tire Stal.e EnvironmentBiurcauexamined
arid passedthe outline worits , this is verygood
According t.o the exnnii;itiori remarks . Nortirwest
Investigation Design arid Research Institute of Ministry of
Electric Power ndrl Kinistry or Water, Resources end Giirnsir
rrovinicial HydIoeliletric Design Tnstitute mamdesome
suililementiationiand mondification on the outline works, than tire
revised ontline works was submitted to the State Environmenlt
Protectioir Bureaui

1.2.3 Techinical a;reement:

lT accordatice with the revised outlline works , Northiwest
Inwestioation riesign and Research Institute of Iitistlry or
Electric Power and Ministr,y of Water Resources anrdGrrisu
Prtviincial Hydroelectric Design InsLititte si3ietl evalunation
1.cmlinica]agreementnn the project environmentimpact. Arid the
respionisibilities of lmothparties weredetermined.

1.2.4 Regulations and standards oarevaluation

aI. LegajlclocuimenLatinto: -

*3.

-I
 Theenivironimelit
protection of tlhe Peop]le's Republico,r
Cliliam":. .
* ' uRtulations on Construction Eriviroinmeuit, Protection mid

"lesign reuulations aonconstruietioni environment protectionll

Operational directive No.4 annex A1, Pnvironrmental
eraluation guidelinies of tLie World Bank
- Standard fortus and contenit simmaary for environmental
assessment " of Asian Dverelopuervt
Dank
k* Evaluation Stlandard -OnIlydroelect vic Project Envr'irunmelnt.
I mpact

b. Evaluation standard :
* " Enivironmenit.
qality standard For surface water GB3838-
-- 88
A - StanLiardon rarm irrigation water quality GB 5084 -- 92
G
Stlndard
L on pDtable water hygiene GB5749
O -- 85
* Starinlardon fisihery water quality n lWtlOO1
0 - 89-

St4andard on colmprehensive disclharte of sewaue nD 81178 -M 88

* Evaluation stanudard on land resnurces

* Eivaluation st-andard
on light and heat resources
* " Environmenitstandard on atmospherequality GB30195
-- 82

1.3 Evalnation scope, work quantity ,nits andrlmain tLchliical

mel.hosLs

1.3.1 Fvaliation scope

Theproject area is about.i0n0 kIr2 . within, Ille g;arts of 8
I.wnships arid 5 sl.ate ritn farms , undier aduuiuistratiioi of iumenl
rity antd Anxi County . The irrioation dlistricts are: Cliangma
Irrigation District wili 568.7 km2 ,Jlualai Irrinat.ion Diilsricd
wiilhI306.7 ti2 anit ShIual:1:L TirriDatinn Disl.rirl witit m16.7km2 .
iri coosiderat it;r, Prrects tr jluid reclami ion , immijrants'
reselt Itrcnt ,hwaler rrsnulitces nITilization anid project utinrat ion
(iii pe-ripheralill explloiled -eg>ions iutsidieI[he 'rojietlt. Pr'a. tire
ueourarhir:ll rnordicalbnalonf assessmeat. work exrt il is ullr'trriell

. ,*4.
 as 451-' --- 9'gE, 4It 10'--- 4O40P' as well as Clhanum
Reservoir re'jion and extent of emigratedl areas, total area is
about. 70000 km2

1.3.2 aorkquantity
Mainwork quantity includes:monitorins and analysts on water
area and soil, exploration on hydrogeology , biological
observationl ,investisation on natural and socint environmnenit
information collect-ion on iroject prnorauring ,compiling of tthe
outline works , evaluation onl main environment factors impact,p
compiling of special Lopic reports etc . Detailed works see
table 1--1.

1.3.3 Evaluation units and personnel

The project Ullit entrusted Northwest Investigat-ion tesign and
Research1Institute of Ministry of Electric Poweerand Ministry of
W.ater Resouirces and Gansu Provincial Hlydroelectric Design
lnstitute to perform envireoment evaluation works of thie project
,with assistance or GansuProvince EnivironmentProtection Bureau
and other detartments concerned . Details see tahle 1--2

1.3.4 Main technical methods:

In the ETA the quantification is realized as far as
possillle ror dirferent. impact factors which can be selecled. to
interilret thte assessment metliodsof imlact limits avd deuree
For example, for hydrogeolotw , Ttithe lisht of waiterhalance
method and numerical ret-hod with mathematical model or grotnd
water , the water tahle rariainon range and impact limits after
pro.,ect realization are predlicted quantitatively :for thle suirface
water qtuality , tihe sipic rfactor cumparison methsodis used
,and in the light o rfunctional features for exploitation and
use of regiwniaiwater resources ,the composite model is applied
ti predlict tihe salinity chanye In the process of tihe proiect
realization; For soil amelioration ,tlie successftil experience in £

Hexi Resion is used to set up soil amelioration index system

,and by applyirig the genesis and analoclue analysis methioditro
predlict tlie soil type siuccession ; for ecolngical environment
tihe assesstent cri iterion value is set upt oni Llte basis of
scientific reseaarch data andlthe impact. limits and degree of
diFferent ecological syslems are predicted by rising analogune
an-alysis methiod: immigrants resettlement. tIesystematic dyniamic:
metlod is uised by applyingpushand pull principle to setup
prediction model for environment capacity in resettlement area|
Atithe basis or prpedictinn assessment , the EIAhas presented
the environment pirotection ,nanagementand mitigatinli measures

*.5.
 In accordnnce with the characteristics, such as large stale
project. ,vast contents -wide evaluation scope and large quantity
comput.ers are frequently used- to do calcuilation , and
information system forthe project environment impact evaluation
is set uip for convenience of management and dynamic analysis
Details see Sketch 8--1
In niderto directly and fully know hoyenvironment status
and impact scope of the project- ,copilation of proiect
environment impact evaluation pictures are prelpared for.
convenience of project designers , construction fnrces ,the
borrower and the Worldlank persontel concerned

1.4 Control and protection objectives

a. To reasonably develop anduse water resouirces of the

water-slied,to meel.water demand,t prevent water from palJutioII
,tc pIrotect underorounrld water sources , to meet hysiene
reciuirement.of potable water
h. To protect land resources , to-reduce saste of land, to
* prevent.
soil from desertification , to aroid lanid beinu salinity
etc.
c. To maintain ecolosyhalance; to prevent damnae on.
reeet.ation in the project area ,toreduce on atquatic and
affect,
terrestrial biota , to protect habitats of animals -
d. To control discharge.of waste gas , water and disposal
sanitation andatmosphere
to protect .
r e. To reduceadverseaffecton,localsocial economy
development in projectconstruction period ; to control
ismigranis outside of the plan , -toperformfamilytilan
,to
prevent surplus population from. becoming restraints on
imsimrants' production and living.
f.To avoid abuse occupyingon land in the emiyrated areas ,
to reasonably manageresources and liarness lanidand ounitains
g. To control usagequiantityof pesticides
anidfertilizer.
pesticides frompolluting on soil , waterand rood.
to prevent
h. To control occurrence of casualtiesinpt-eject
construction
period.
i.To protect
cultural
relics
andhistoric
sites
j. To controlinrectious
diseases
,o prevent
prevailing
diseases
,toensure health
immisrants'

*6.
 -o enviran u~~~~ft . memn
-. wok L-

k. To perform environment monitoringandmanagement works.to

cprevent abuse using of fund rorenvironment.protection... j-
1.5Evaluatiob
procedure
andadministrative
suDmary-:
1.5.1Evaluation
procedure: :
In Hayof -1991, the Northwest Investisation Design
and
Research Institute
of Hinistry of Electric
PowernudMinistry of
Wa:er Resources received entrust letter from the-project unit
tlhe institute made. great efforts to quickly do the work withi
good qualityt ; and received- advice rrom internal experts on:
contents ,format of the report. -

'1.5.2 Administrative summary

In may or 19i Northwest Investigation Design and
ResearchInstitute
of Ministry
of ElectricPowerandMinistry or
InterResourcesand Gansu Provincial HydroelectricDesign
Institute
held discussionin Lanzhou with the projectunit - and
preliminarily
determinedthe contentsof the EIS,theyare:
waterqualityor surfacewater.variation of water table.soil
improvement
,affecton ecological
environmetL , people's l
health
agriculture
ecologyetc.
In July of 1991 . the- State Env-ironmenstBurenu held
examination meetins on the environmenti evaluatioii outline works
in Lanzhou.there were 25 units and 56 experts attended the -
meeting ,and Ihey gave positive remarks on the contents and
suibjects of the environment evaluation outline works , and also
brought outcomments on modification and supplementation
In September of 1991, the project unit reported preparatory
.workprogress to theWorldBankuissionheaded hr Kr .L.S Tay
Mr. Tay gave positive remarks on t'.eoutline works . .

In July of 1992 , the project unit held meetins in Lanzhou-.

with22 unitsand49 experts . The meeting seriously discussed
eachsub.ject, andconfirmed basicinformation .and broulght outt
compilingbasisfortheEIA
In November of 1992, aftercompletion of thedrartETA .the
compilingunit asked commentsof following units : the
Hydroelectric Planning and Designing General Instittite of
flinistry of Energy, the State Enrironuent Protection Burean
,Gansu Province Shule River Project Preparatory Division *Gansu
Prbvince Environment Protection Bureauetc , thecompiling unit
tookfullconsideration of couments of theexperts,andfinished|
final copy of tleEIA.
In Apritof 1993 ,thePeople's Government
of GansuPrnvince
hleld pre-examiniation ueetinsj on the ETAin Lanzhou, andinvited
45 experts, from 33 unitssuch as the StateEnrironment
Protection Bnreau, Mir4stryof Agriculture , Hinistry of
forestry, Ministry, oF Water Resoirces ,relevant research
instituites and colleges ; participants areleaders. prof'essors
andexperts . their expertise are : _wat.er
resoulrces
envirotnment
7.
,ecology, agriculture ecology . population & environmenit,
ecouibki'cgeography, hydroseology, auriculture and meteorology,
soil improvement and environnment
manageuent. Tiremeetiju fully
arfirmed formcontents of the ETA. Examination commentsrefer to
AtnexXI
After tire pre -examination meeting . according to
pre-exnuinaLion comments , the report compiling units made
perrect aridrevision on the report , arid
finalized the report itt
Nayor 1993 .In Julyof 1993 the State Environment Prolectiotn
Butreauexaminedthe EIA, conclusions are as follows: the EIA
containis full contents ,with huihllight.ed points ,detailed arid
accutrate information, workable protection measures
envrironment
,thereport canhe usedas basisfor environment protection works
in respect of project design and implementation

In Atirust -of 1993 . Chinla's International Consulting

EngineeringCompanyevaluated theEIA in Lanzhou, its evaluation
rommentsare as follows: theEIA-includesallkeycontents of
tire area ; conforming
project. withthe features of llieproject
area anrdevaluation manua] ; maidthe eraluation worksare
reliahle
In September of 1994 , the WorldBank Preparatory Ilissiori
inspecte(dLheprojectsite Themission commentedtirat : tire EIA
is a verygoodreport withcomprehensive
and tislitsLructinre .

In orderto meet the World Bank AppraisalMission,in

accordance with commerits antdsusgestioiis
by the WorldRank
Preparatory Mission *werevised
Lire
previousEIAandworked out
thisETAreport

1.6 Brief initroduictionof tire EIA

TheFIA is composedof 10 parts .Amongwhich : Tiie first part
briefed ETA compiling purposes ,basis. work quantity ,uain
tecihnical metlhods ,protection objectives .evaluation procedure
and adminiistrative summary . Tire 2nd part briefed project survey
arid scale , analyzed relationship hetween project developmentand
enmvironment. TlDe3rd part made introdrrctinii on material
resources ,ecoloUical resources. economicdterelopmentresources
.living resources in the project area ,and analysis on present.
stattrs .joint out naimtenvironment problems of the project area .
The IlIi part ,accordins to development natuire, scale and
environment statis , usinig analysis method ,such as corpnrison
,modeltrg ,statistics , tendency andmechaniism etc,forecrstitng
evaluatiotnt impact The 5th part snmmarized allernative
replacemenit . Tire 6th part worked out main errironmental
monitoring and testing plan utnder condition of foreca.stinr
eraluat irti .The 7thlipart estab]ished envirorimeirt marragemrrut
for
good circulation of environmetl maidnormal prouject operation.

*8
Tlhe 8th part estimated cost for -environment 'protection and
construction .Tlhe9th part stated opinions of leaders and people
find organizat-iolisin the areas concerned The 10th part is
conclusion ,whieh explained project effects ,reduction ani-.
eliminationi of likeAdverse enivironmentaffects ,and-utilization
of resources etc.
With normaloperation .the project can fully sitilizewater
laud and labor resources of the watershed*Jt will not. cnl -'
siupplyenoughfood for 0.2 million immigrantsof oansuPr6rince,
but it also can improvelocal ecosystem of " tihe middle aand
southern part - and - west part- of the.province' and promote
social economv development of the watershed and tthe prorince j
.Keductionmeasuresan main ,long term and .acctnmnlattiveadverse
iffects
a will be taken to miniuize afrect degree and rangr
:uonitoring potential adverse affects , watching trend variation
,regarding prevention as core and performing harnessing timelr
,I.o prepare remed}yon non reversihle affects . From point view of
environmentprolection, tihe project developmentis favorable ror I
entironment impwrepent of the areas concerned .and rariation or
environment status will not restrain project development but
it also is favorable for project development

.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ g.

;~ ~~~~S9
rable 1 --1 Vork quantAflr Sumnrr of project evalulation on
enriranrent affects.

If cus Contents leopl e /days QuantitY ('workdays)

Preawratonryworks: deterainin. responsible he,ads to arrange
personnel . to contact with partners . 5 people x 15 days/
people,
work qu?ntity: 75 workdays
tnresti.qation & study: .similar project etaluation rwrks 2
people x ri s 7 days. Quantity: 84 workdas
Preliminarr surre.r: site surrey & -information collection
& people x 20 daxs Ipeople . Ouantit: 120 workdaxs
compiling of the ouitline wrorks: accordingto task programI
standard. A people .r 50 days / PeopJe .Quantity : 400workdars
Revising on theoutlineortts . According to coAmentsto rerise .
6fpeople x 15 .day.sIpeople - Quantity : 80 workdays
Compiling on special subject : coapiliny of the 7 sub special
subjects . 3 people x 15 dys7 / people x 7 .Quantity : 315
workda.s.
Mfonitoringon r,aterquailit : tonitoringand analysis
on 8
sections & 21 factors . 6 people x 33 d.ay.s Quantity :1.9.
Ipeople.
,4orkda.xs
Soil analy-sis : investigation f analysis on soil feattires . .3
tienple
l r 20 daysIpeople : Quantity : 60 sorkdayrs
')bserralion
on biological
: Inrestigation
I obserration
on
hiological
variety . J people
groipi-qutatity .r20 daisIpeople
. Quantitr
: 100workda.rs
,Sp.eCial
subject investigation ; inforlation collection of 7
siibjects at site . 22 peonPe x 30 days - Quantitr : 660workdayrs

Inresthiqation before cowpilinq ofreports,: Informsation

collection at site for g7eneralreport .Onantity: 5 people x 507
daisIpeople .Z50 workdays
Compilin. on undeirgroundui1ttersubject: .accordin.gto the
approred outline nrlks & entrust fetter to coapile-. 4 penple x
.9Md,ay.sipeople .Qnantitr : 360 iorkd.zrs
- - - --'-- --.- …--- --------
…-…-- - - -- - - - --

rompiling on surface swter surbject : according to theapproved

nottline works& entrust letter to compile . 2 people x S1O dais
/peopleQuantityr
- :180workdays

* 10-
 - .-.. *. u - t- . b v .

Coapilinson soilsubject:accordinq
to theapprovedoutlive
works& entrust letterto coapile.3 peoples 60 dars -
Ipeople . Quantitu:180 workdayrs
Compilingon ecologr subject :according to the approred outline
Forks & entrust letter to compile .5 people x 90 days /people
. Quantitr : 4503 workdays..
Cowpilingon agriculture subject -according to the
production
approredoutlineworks& entrustletter tocompile .3people..-
60 days / people. Quantity
:180workdays

Cospiling on immiqration subject :according to the approred

outline works& entrust letter to cocpile . 2 people. x 60 das ;
Jpeople - Quantity : 120 vorkdays

Cohlpilin.9
on humanhealthsubject to the approred
:according
outiline
works& entrust letter 3 people
to coxpile. x 45 davs
Ipeople.Quantity :135workdays.

Compilingon the report- According to the approved outline.

works& requirevent of the State EnvironmentProtection Bureau to
compilethereport - 13 people .r 2-10dars /people .Quantitr
2730workdays.
.iscellaneous works : Printing & examining on t.he7 suhiects and-
t(le report . 217dazs x 7 * 30 dxas .quantity-:170
Total: 6590wvrkdaxs
,7.

* 11 -
Table I --, 2 of evaluation units and personnel
SuMMarY p

unit evaluation personnel

Senior title I gediua title JJunior title

Northwest Inrestigatian Design & Research Institute of Energr -
Hinistr.r, Ministry of fiter Resources :
fang Runsheng MangIingtai,QuanGuangfeng.Jin Ning lGon .iaohua
hransRuichen hffuangFusheng,Liiijins Xiu Tiawrian /
ZhangRuitong IZhao Shui , WangZhuAn -
Gansu Province Hydroelectric £rploration & Design Institute
Jia Zhonsquan / GongGuorins, Tian Swring ICao Raisan
Y'angGuodons / DungFens , Nu 6engshiang /
Song Veiguang ( ZhonsLiangru I
GansuProrince Environment Protection Researrh Institnte.
3d Q11o ( ChansFong , 7-hangfans ,JJii Demei / iliao Fens
Zhang Chonyde ( Ding Qiria .Fu Bendiang , Yang Aipinol

,Vorthrest Population Research Institute Of Lanzbou University:

Zhan9 Zbiiin / Tang Lu . rGmnsFrpin . Sui Jin I

[uran Iluarong I I

REnironment Research Institute of GansuProvince HNing Bureau: .

FennsJinzhang I/Zao Jiandong. ZMangHengtag Irang PeiJon
Tong Cben.qli
Y . Jian Caiwen I
-Gansu Province Jiuquan Prefecture Enrironient Ernluation
Institute:

ka711 Limin I Zhang Fongxri 1

GansuProriHiceJinquan Prefecture Anti - epidemic Station

Lai Laisheng I Wang Ce , Li licai

* 12-
 SklelcisI --- a I'rt<|te
Iri-twedure c rl mi'sileil eaI;ttva
lbnmei. rhi'ill lrl. :

' ttiIIhIrLi(it
(litILC1114r 1tollryljwork
lWtSril'uiIUIflhI -
emuwIs

I - ---- -----

inuiu~ IC it~sitim
-
( itie
s-- I U-
envrtajilaul
[$-a11tMLeI I t:mnt-( le
I . &
evatiS
I1

t itii'iiutit
.

Ii
J

-- -- W________r_ ___--_ I-
r-------------r_r
r-r---- ---- r - I t
- .

7>~~~~~~~~~~~~~
_--- p
vIltsiL.
'.u~
t_-----
lln t I I-eill-* Iiintle
- - ----.

~
It,flhii,,I ~ ~ ~ ~ t., Ti-131L-1

ctitto
environment deparluens -e l
aine the re por

rvalon Ute repor rev ii lsupplementing

thte rellj

meni

1-
2. General surrey of the project :

2.1 Theproject area has great pot.ential of land sourtes ,-ith adequate -

light and heat ;the lands are flat and continuous . with good irrigation
conditions .Area to be newly reclaimedand irrigated is 540610ha as
cultirated land
The derelopmentarea has less precipitation , with large evaporation
arndfrequent sand4wind.In Termsofreclamation.and plantation , kwter
resourcesRust startfirst . irrigationand drainagewill go in
. At present
parallel ,there
is no reservoiron theupstream
of Shrule
Rirer. with 1.031 billion a3 surface iwter and 42Xof utilizations rate .
Frequent w
eedging " drought happens. Therefore it is necessary to
buildChangma
Reservoir
in theupstrear
of thetrunkriver.
As far as existing waterfacilities are concerned, someof them are
ased, and with low standard and lowutilization coefficient or canals:
1.49 for Chiangia Irrigation District , 10.43for ShuangtaIrrigation
District. withgreat water conveyanceloss. FarBshavepoor counterpart
works,accounting for 50? , withgreat waterloss. Therefore
it is
necessary
to buildand rebuildirrigation
system,
Amongthe54600 ha of proposed
landto be reclaimed
and irrigated
,salined land is 35030 ha tobe-drainedandleached.Thereforeit is
necessary- to buildnew maindrains
Total population in the project area is 0.1353 million:
among
rstich , 58300 labor force ;per capita cultirated land is 0.28ha ,in
avera,geper labor force cultirates 0.65 ha land . Fu-ther derelopment
of newareasis in greatshortageof laborforce.Therefore ,itis
necessary to imigrate 0.2 million peoplefrom middle andsouthern
parts of GansuProvince to derelop this resion ; the emigratedareas are
in shortage of land and high cold withshady humidity
,or with aridity
abd less precipitation ,kitb deteriorated liring conditions and severely
damaged ecology. rtis certain thatafter -inmigrationpeople's living
standard can be improrted.

Thze
project
includes
following
items:
* l'ater
storage
works, conveyance worksand drainageorrks.
rwater
* [mui.qration works, 70000 immigrants from the middle part .0.13
million immigrantsfrom southern part;at different stages and hatches to
settle 0.125 million in ChangizaIrrigation District . 50000people in
Shuansta Irrigation District, 25000people in Hnaihu Irrigation
District .
Farmwiozks: to level and reclaim 54600blv , 45800 ha of drainane
area in farm for counterpart 77700ha of irrigated area.
* Aqriculture technical serrice s-stem

14*
* Construction
of ruralsocialinfrastructures

refertomap2 - 1.
of theproject
Layout

indexof the inrks

laintechnical referto table2- 1

2.2 Brief introduection to the project and its scale

WaterResources
2.2.1 Changma project
juncture

Chan/ma
oater Resources juncture is a large scale coaprehensire
project withmainfunctionof powergenerating , waterstorage andflood
regulation . Theproject is located at the point of 1.36 kw downfiro
Chaba Gorgeinlet . about 75 kw away fromfusenCitr .
Changas Reservoir is not only the - faucet water resources works
w
of the Shule River butit also is theprincipal part of he juncture
,.Total storage capacity is 194 million o3 , active storage capacity is
100 million 3 , flood prevention capacity is 14 million *3 .
After cuspietion of the reservoir ,it will Jointly run Iith I
Shuansta and Chiiin Reservoir in downstreau to solve contradiction
bet ween water supply and denand by ceansof scientific dispatch and :
reasonable distribution of water resources . Detailssee sketch2 2 i

A dai will be builtfor thejuncturein the river.Thegeneral

layout is to buildsplll.wy and power stationon theleft bank . to I
build sluice and sand transport tunnel ( also for water diversion ) an
the right bank . The dna is a play core gravel dam with good anti -
earthquake capability .The dam is 54 a high .Diaweter of the sluice and
sand transport tunnel is 7.5 a and the tunnel is 48.9 long . Total
length of the spillreay is 572.9 a , width of the sluice slot is 18 t
.Thespillwny and sluicetunnelcan meet flood discharge dennd of 267G:
*3/ s encountered once in a thousand years . Relerant technical index
refer to table 2-1

2.2.2Read rwrks:

of previous Chann
a. Nodification He.ad works :

The old bead works is the existing Chang'a dam head htrks, :
locating at the Changwadam about 6 km awasfrog the outlet of Changma
gorge . The bead works belongs to large scale (srade II ) project after.
20 years running , following probleas are existing due to poor sand;
transport .2000 r3 of annual sand and and were flushed into canals .and
canalpwereseriously daraged. Water intakehas difficulty in taking
15 -
 .~~~~~ ~~~~~
. . S. ,. .. -. !,
I

the main ciurrenitderinted from the intake gate ; mrd aid sand nre
silted behiind .the sand transport gaoteare widedoaud cauisedcurrent
decentralized . bad fors sand transporting .Due to the above Penitioned
probleis ,in 1989rebuildin.q workswas started
h,. Extension works of the bead workrs:
Thlt is to extend the old Chnmanim hend wgorks(nor under
rebui)ding ) uipkwrds6 l:m *locating at the outlet of ChanmgnGorge, to
build damrto retain rater '.If the old Changanhendworks to he rebuilt
can riun ell and meet design requirement ,it will be no need to ext
end,
the Head works,aiso the extended Head workspowersttionjwi'll not
exist
c. Tonewly construct HuahaiIteadro*ks:
The old head works of NItahalIrr-isation District ,vwth) riIer
dar . sand transport gate and intake gate ,with 4 a3 Isof designed
diversion flow, and4000lhaof irrigation area, Is located at Hiatian
jJn I'illage of UhijinTownship about11 km awayfrom Chijin Reservoir
doknstream .Decauseof poorlfacilities ,ii is difficult to divert water
duirinigirrigation *anul canals with 11 km froN Chuijin Resei'volrtv
fluabiaiHendwrrks .According to thedesign60700ha of harren land uill
be reclaimed inHuahaiIrrigation District , total irrigation aren will
be 10t00ha . Therefore (lie oldheadworks can not meet.demand anda
nevoneis tobe constructed .
The new Headworks, 5.5 km upwardsto Chijin Reservoir .5.5 km
downwards to the old bead works . ThleHeadmorks juncturweis composed
of overflow swir, earthrockdar, intake gate etc. HIaahaiFeeder Canal
also will be extended upwards7.55 km while the new Read works is tnder
construction .

2.2.3 Canal works :

a. Canals of ChangheIrrisation District :

* Rebuilding Chanimaold feeder canal

ihangmaold feeder canal was a large irrigation canal .It was

built in 1.958 , taking water from Changa damhead wot-ks. It was the
main artet - of Shile River watershed water resources borks . At
present .water flow is ordlvhalf of the designed flow , canals safetyr is
still not ensutred, someparts of canals need to be repaired due to a
lot of sand and Bud enteeredinto canals and damagesoccurred .Rater flow
of the repaired canals will he 35 m3/s ; water flow of the new feeder
canal (parallel with the old feeder canals, ) havingybeen built in 1.486
iis 30 MS/s .
** The old west main canal takes water fromManganzhen
bifurcation gate of the old feeder call .Amon.g which 10.8 km is pen
gravel canal : 6..4 km of tail canal is concrete lined canal ,:the rest
is earth canal with much loss of water .Cost for maintenanceand
16 .
rebtIJdins is hbll. With coblubation of the project develoIpment. thJe
irrigntion district range of the west aiJncanal. ws adjusted ; it is
proposed to build new westvain canal , and It also will deive waten
to ShuansnaResetvoir Jn downstrean

* RebuJidJnu& enlargins enst main canal :

Ctnal water is diverted fromChulnbel Townbifurcationgate
After manAyears' running , the canal is ased and danmaged.At present
water flor is onix half of the designed flow . It can not meet
irrigation dexand and sone parts of the canal were co)lapsed nld
fislshed . It is difficuIlt for the cantl to. run further more. it is
proposed to change the line of the upiperanrdmiddle sections of the
coon) for new constfruction with cmihJnatfionof programing of the *
irrignt.Lon distr-ict :' and t.he lower section vill be rebuilt on its
former line . IrritisWton area will he increased by 3 sections

* Rebuilding andenlarging of north main canal :

Total length of former north main canal , with steep earth
slopie was built In 13157 . Vater is diverted from Chuanbei TownI
uifur cation gate . Serious swelling by cold weather was happened ,n lot
of fill rebuilding was pertformed , steep slopes vere tiurnred in to drops
some psat of earth camia were chanpedas concrete blocks lined cana?l,
it is still dirficult for running . Ft is necessarr to perlbraf
rebuilding and enlargement on the canal line to meet requirement of
water conve,rance and irrigation . After rebuilding , irrigation area
ri2 be increased by 1 times comparing with present area

* Branch canal works :

In accordance with general layout principles , branch canal

works in ChanguiaIrrigation District are dirtided, into twoparts:
rebuildin.g and new construction .1ew conistructioni of branch canals
include extension of forver branch canals mndnewly. designed canals
.Details see to table 2 -3 .Brancb canal works in Hiwbai and Shuangta
Irri,gation District are as same as tbese works in Changua Irrigation
District -

b. Canal srstems in .ShsuangtaIrrigation District ;

* Rebuilding and new construction of Anxi Feeder Canal

The feeder canal . was completed for runnin.g in 1974 Att

presentabout60* of thecanalwascoldskilledand damagedat different
extent due to various reasons ,suoh as desion construction anid
management operation .At present ,its real mTaximumconreoymnce flow is
only half of the designed flaw .Therefore the canal nreed to be rebuild .

* Rebuilding and new constructioon of the northi main canal

*.17 '
 : ,: . . ~ a, .' ' Ie .' ' d
,~A U LZl

~ ~ ~~
. ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ** *

Becruseof various reasons ,this canal could not meet denandof

muter conve)yance ,it needs to be rebuilt , enlarged and nerly
constructed . Waterconveyance capacity of the new and rebuilding
canal)will be increased hy nenrly 3 times

i Newconstruction of the sonth .uain caniml

TheformersoutJh
maincanaltakeswaterfrom the endofAn.ti
Feeder
canal.After
20 ,rears
runnin., bifucration
gateand canai
were
seriousLy
ganged,itis difficultforcontinuous
use.Itisproposedto
construct
anewcanalin thesouthsideof theformer
canal

* Newconstr-uction
of Iihubranch
main-canal
Iibu Irrigation District .inthelamerreachesof theShule
River, hasabout3000en of irrigated area.Atbeginning taki.7g
riwter
fro theShuleRivercourse forirrigation , because it wasdifficultto
ensiure water quantity ;so mater must be delivered to lihu Irrigation
District from theupperreaches , through therirercourse .a lotof
waste was caused .lt is pr-oposedto build .Tihu Irrigation District , to
reduce waste df muter to enstire water demand of artificial oasis and
ecosystem in dhedomnstream
c. Canalsystem of Nuahal Irrigation District
R*
ebuilding and net construction of HuabaiFeeder Canal
Fozrer HuahaiFeeder Canal . after 20 rears' running , canal
s-ystemis -basically good , local parts werecold swelled and damaged
.ViIh combination of enlargement and development of the irrigation
district and extension of the head rtrks, it is proposed to give up most
of the old canal and build new one ,and to enlarge partial parts of tile
canal. After rebuilding , irrigation area mill be increased by 2.5
times

-Inaddition
,HuahaiIrrisation haseast , testandnorth
District
maincanalsin total,jengtb
of eachcanalisnotgreater than hkm.
scaleis small.Partial
sectionsof westmaincanalandnorthmaincanal
needto be enlarsed, turkquantity, is not much , and rerks are
relatively
simple

trks;
2.2.4 Drainage

* In ShuleRiverProject Areathereare0.2285million -iaof barren

land.among which, 0.8900 80 1 of theland is s4lined
ha is reclaimable,
land. In order to perform improreientand drainage for lPeaching*,
drainagemain canalsand 78 ditchesarespeciallydesigned. Details see
table2 -4 .

* 18-
 a. To newly build Tuhulu sain drains

In order to dr-ain salty water-for reclanation from Qidaojia to

HanhunaojTuhulu in the west and south part af ClhangmaDistrict , it is
proposed to newly build Tubulu drains .7The main drain starts from,
Liudaogoun-in east ,crossing Tubaul, in west to Qinsbans .Yanxiaosands
.Drainins water from east to vest to Baiqibu to Xishawo sands .
b. To dredge and treat 2 wain drains Or Huanhuaand Uifina
Farms:
The 2 ain drains of Huangwuaand Yinma- farms need to b - ;
dredged and put biGlogical measures.for stabilizing slopes' and ditches
to reach their former drainage ares and drainage depth
c. 7ot newLyconstruct Guazhou
ain drains:
The new drain , its direction is from east to west to
discbarse wter to Baiqibu sands.
d. Branch drains .-
There are 78 branchrdrains, wit 352.45 kv of total length in
Chans , Shuansta District in total

2.2.5 Hvdropowersta tifon works :

a. ChanywaReservoir PowerStation:

The pover station is located at the downstreamleft bank of Chaunsao

Reservoir dam, with 579 a length intake tunnel with I mdiameter,
behind the tunnel there are 4 pressure pipes to generating plant hjouise
.Total installation is 12500 kw , desisged water head is 40.5 Al
liversion flow is 38.8 f3/s long term average generation capacity is 82
million gEM.-
h. ChansnaHead works dcvpower station:
After extending ChangeaHead sor*s 6 km upwards the power station
Will be positioned at point of' the foner Chanuf Headworks ;power
station is 6 ko away from the new Read works , to divert water bv tunnel
with flow of 51.8 W33s , with water head of 3D a ,with 12000 kit
installation capacity .Annual generation capacity is 55009W . If the
.head works to be rebuilt runwell ,it will not be extended . and the
power station will be concealed
c. YuwenTownPowerStation on ChangraVest feeder canal:
Thepower station on the upper section of Chansa rest Feeder Canal
,it is a main reSulation seasonal canal power station to generate
power b. irrigation raterand waterto be delivered to Shuangta
Reservoir Thepower station .aith 60000 kw installation capacity.
* 19-
 ' ~ ~~~ ~ ~ ~
q~ 't.-- ::''

34.5 13/s of maxrirun flow , is abort 2 AmawayfromrTurenT.1or.buter

flow for single unit is 11.5 JWs-,long term arerage generating capacity
is 23.65
r illion KW .-

z.2.8 At.Tiliary works in theproject area:

The dereloprent area of the Sizule River Vatersbed Project inrolres

in Tuaen City and Anri County .The main target is to develop water
resources agriculture . in consequence its a,uiliatr turks includes
agriculture technical works and service systems, with consideration of
localresources , rural. enterprises,: processing industry .Agricultore
basic -construction , agricutlture technique far machinery techInology
,serrice srstem, rural enterprises, leather and food processijg iill
make the project area becomean integral cONEuniitj

a. Agriculture Basic Construction:

Following parts are included: frarI land construction
construction, of forestry networks . belts and fuel rood
forestrY
cconstructian of graze land and forage base . farm machinerv
construction

lLand levelling and on faradevelopment works in newly reclaimed

area must meet design deand, to perforr on - farm - deVelopment&urks
and modification of low yield field in the existing irrigation
districts.
* To construct wind - breaks forestry and shelter and cash
forestry , in addition to 1000 ba of fuel forestry, 0.3749k ha
environment protection forestry . 0.5051k ha main and auxiliary
forestry belts; to construct Relevanttechnicalservice centersaDd
forestryuanagement organization : to construct 16.7 k Aiaof fenced
graze land . 2.2 k ha of grass interplanting in forest.r.v
, 8.ik ha of
far. interplantation r to improvelevel of machineryfarming -

technical
b. Agriculture syste :
counterpart
Includinig following
parts . rebuilding 2 agriculture
technical
centersin Yunen
ertension & Anxi;tonewlybuild16 township ( or farm
) agriculture tectnical
station ;toenlarge improved
breeding
rarusand
improvedseed companiesin TumenCity and Anxi County: tonew,l
construct30 ha of originalseed farmand 20 Isa gradeI improved
16 tornship
breedingfarmsj to newlyconstruct ( farm) agricultrwe
technical station
service ; tonewlybuild4 dieselsupply
station

c. Construction
of ruralenterprises:

.tz..
 0 - - - - -: S l

- ~ ~~~ a-

It is proposed to set up processing factories to use agricultural

pioducts as raw materials, such as hops processing factories' 'alt
plants .corn starch plants . forage processing plants , frutLs processing
plants: creamer, plants and wool [processing plants with -light.
pollution and good benbfit and prosperous marketing.

2.2.7 Resettlement project:

There are 0.2 lillion people will be eaigrated froo the middle
arid region and southern hish cold and humidr'egions of GansuProvince
in which 0.13 zillion are froD southern regions, and 70000are froa
middle region . Theyresettled by batch and stages in,ChansgmIrrigation
District with 1.125 million ; in Shuangta Irrisation District Nith 50000
: in uashniIrrigation District with 25009;and16 townships ( farms
)with160administrative villaseswillbe setUP. Layout of communities
see zap 2 - . Scale refer to table 2 - 5 .

2.3 Design and construction of the proposed works:

General layout of Cbangma Reservoir Juncture is to position the

spillwia and powerstation at the left bank , and to position sluice and
sand transport tunnel ( as diversion tunnel )at the right bank'.
Resettlement points are distributed in 8 townships refer to table 2 - 5
* Windbreak forestrr belt.sand fenced graze land are scattered aromnd
the developmentarea . Main work quantities of the permanentworks : i
excavation earth and rock is 59.06311 million m3 , backfill of earth is
19.8323million z3 : cast- in situ-concrete is 0.4798million 3 ;
cementis 355 zillionkg ; steelis27 million kg ; timber is 455
ziillionm.
The workface starts from-Iuahai in east to iihu in west , lensth
is aborut300 ka . Construction ground is open , and transport is
convenient, 831 kmof temporaryaccess and55 bridges over rivers and - |
canals in the site will be constructed . Construction metbod is to
mainly use 750 machinery equipment , and total labor are 30.097 million a
horkdays . in the construction peak will need 19009people Iday .Lavout
of job site : according to features of-the rks , to set up project
general headquarters ( iB Faen Torn) , under the headquarters Changsw
District . Shuansta Distriet and HuahaiDistrict sub - headquarters and
Relevn2t job sites will be set up . Project construction refer to
sketch Z - 3 .

2.4 Overall schedule of the proposedproject

2.4.1 Yater resources swrks :

*21-

- ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
 : 6

.:' ' - ' ,t' ,. .~~~~~~~~~~~.

S.' .

2--i
Tattle

Technical Index on Nain FIorks

_- -- _-
- - - __-__-- 7 _--

Iters I unit I total IChansaa/ShuangtaI Ruahn h

I / IDistrict/OistrictlDistrict
I. irrigation area 110000
hal 9.82 1 5.68 1 3.07 /1.07
1. present area I 4.36 1 2.55 1.1.45 /0.36
2. ntwreclaimed areal 15.64 1 3.13 1 1.52 0.7)
II. irrigatIon inde.rr. I 1 / 1
1. vaxnet irrisation/Ar/s . / 1 4.9215 / 4.578 1 4.515
rate /10000
hal I I /

2. canal water usage / rate I 10.62 / 0.62 0.62

3. irrigation
norm In3/ha 1 (6003.15 15944.0516083
4.irrisation qtantity/IflOOO d/I9491$1 55032 / 2.405 / 19182
1II. annual water 1 1 64587 1 31573 1 10663
(107223
consuaption I I 1 I' I
1. rlier rater Jn 1 86611I 56327 / 20606 1 9678
2. spring water / 1 7251 1 77251 1
3. undergroundmiter I 1 112481 6828 / 3600 J 820
.TV.'drainageindex / 1 / I 1
1. drainase area 110000hal 5.14 / 3.13 J 1.45 1 0.56)
2. field drainage /x3/s . / 3.9
9 I 4.245 1 4.44
modulus /OOG0hal / I J
3. leIching modulus / 1 1.755 1 1.965 1
4. critical depth of I m 1 11.4-1.811.4-1.8 11.4-1.8
undergroundwater I I I 1 1
5. annual drainage 10000 S3/8244 5387 12866 1
V. irrigation arrks / / I 1 /
* 22 -
 iwediuai flma
1. laroe I3 V. I
reservoir I II
~ ~ ------------
-~~~~ -
(U) totalcapacitr/10000 OfI 475341 19400I 24000 14134
------- …-------- -- ---

(2)active capacity (I30071 I100100180701g 207!

2.-irriation canals I ' /_

(I)feeder
canal [IkmIau
1184.55161 32.8611
74.04/21 177.865/3
using Ikm 154.10132.86 155.3
142.26
newlybuild,
rebuild
I '/42.29 113.34 11 22.35
(2) gaincanal Ika/nuwr 68.99/2
Il99.97/91110L31/41 (20.67/3
usins'led i-Dl
1arge
k 37.74 1 14.62 I 8.75 1 14.37

nelr build.rebuildi 162.23/ 95.69 I60.24 1 6.3

(3)MiDrainhnch
cananikalinn 51/2 1
I19l.174/ilr40d?/ql
using km
kg 11.94 111.34 / 1

newlybuild,
rebuild
I -I17.9.10 1128.10 51.0
(4)branch I 652.98I 254.84
mIkanuv.11002.42 1 34.6
1 1 1124 I /50 1 120
1 /19I-4
using 1 66.21
I kgr / 155.37 500I
52 1 37.0

i
build,rebuild
newly, I 586.77I202.68157.60
847.05
IT.drain
---------- - carks
-------. I I i , I I r's

drains
(1)trunjk Ika/mua
I 8.9.1/4 i
I63.6/3I25.5/)
using,rebuild 1 km / 23.0 1 23.0 11
newlybuild I /66.1 1 40.6 I 25.5
drains
(2)branch /350.451 225.05I 124.4 /59.8/8
Ika/nu,
usin1
I kx 1 180 1 /54 1 /26 1
using , rebuild I kg 1 85.75 1 I 129.5/1
newlybuild I 1J 264.701490.30 124.4 130.3/7

VHi. Mechanical wellI k I I

--------- - --------------- --------
 * t .'F - ' X.-,.- ,'- 7- '

*~~~~~ I f - ::

1.existing (usable, I sets( 404 - 144- 1174 86:

.feisting) / I /6355 /283 I J/- It224
2; newlL.construct ) P j 410 / 419 - 66.- 5
3. irrlrIted area hbr 100001 1.05 1 0.64 1 0.33 1 0.08 -
well ^wter I ha I I f /'

zc-
Table 2-2
Statistics of irrigati canals - --

Numel
nature / present status I future status
1 Ilenothi design / actuallirrisatedlleugthl design I irrisated
l II lo I flow t flow I area I/ kw I flow aren
1 1J . 1n3Jls I m3Is 110000 ha I I d3s MM00ha
I. Chngman
Irrigation District
Chansaaold feeder canall I / I 35
~-- - I I I I I-
;rebuild 142.981 130 / / 156
Chan=unew feeder canalI newlyrbuild I 142.98 1 30 /

west gain canal 135.4 112 1 1 1 4 J 48 12.78

~~~~~
=_=__==_; I

nelyr build I I I I I / I

east main canal /37.5 /9.2 14.5 10.8 134.21 6.1 10.81
_ _ ! ~ ~~~ I I I I. :
rebuilding / / / / / I '
north zain canalI 18.6 / 7.5 1 1 0.50 1 18.6-17.3*i.9 1 1.06
1 I J I I I I
rebuilding .1 I 1 1 I 1 1
Ii. ShuangtaIrrigation Bistrict
Anxrifeedercanall 49.79 J40 1 20 1 32.861 24.5 1 3.7
- ~ ~ - 1 I I I ' I I
rebuilding & newly buildinr I I / I
north Vaif canall 17.91 1 5 1 ' 1 29.291 9.3 1
_ ----1 I I I I I I/
rebuild & nemI.vbuildinui I I I t 1
south wain canall 1 6.2 i / 1 33.751 7.9 1
_ _~~~~ I / I I//
b d
newlr4ui)d; / 1 / I t
rUhu brancb / 1 / 10.2 1 44 1 2 10.2
____-_-/ ~I I I l I I
nevly build I .1 1 1 1 1 1
IIJ. Iuabai Irrigation District
Huahaifeeder 1 2.8 1 4 1 1 0.4 1 22.35 1 7.8 1 .07
canal I I I 1 J J I
--25 -
Iable 2 - 3 Statistics on branch canal to be-newly-built
& rebuilt in Chansg Irisation District-

,o/ subbrdinated / Auw of/usablelrebuiSdldev (total / remarks

I branch canal lbranch llengtbIleagth ilengthl (km) i
I / . l1kw)Itka /k (AN) I

I lbest maincanall 21 / 12.65./68.95 1 47.901123.851

13 branch
2 /est No.1 canal 7 5 1 29.35137.2 1 71.55/
3 lWest N'o2 canalI 10 / 0.20 / 32.56 1 7.74 1 40.5 / 6 brancb
4 Ivest No3 canall 9 I 5.50 1 4.00 1 36.5 1 46.0 1 4 branch
5 WestNo 4 canall 7 I J 1 19.4 1 20.0-1 39z4 / 4 branch

Glesi No 5 cana)lI 9 /I / I34.751 34.1512 branch

7 vest No 6 canall I/ / 2
/27.8 J27.8 [
8 Ifeeder io) camall 8 112.40
Z1 / 20.1 32.5 1 3 branch
9 (north sain canall 7 / / 1 40.45 Z00 1 .42.451

lOlnorthsol branchl 9 / / 1 30.07 1 6.5 1 36.571

11/eastBaincaral
I 1 / / / 64.32 /12.28/ 76.6 1 2 branch

main canall 6
12/south 1 35.19/ / / / / 35.191
l31south lolcanal 1 3 1 19.51// / / / 12.011

*26 .
Table2- 4

of asindrtins
Statistics

Name I nature tlengthl. diajnage area I drainage direction

/ 1kI / controlled I
I t' /(IU10000haJ/
Tuhulu main drains I newly I- 40.6 1 0.78 drain to Beiqibu
I build 1 / -/ Xishak- sands

Iuanghua Yinma
drainsf repair 31 1 1.28 /
Guazhousain drains / 1 Z5.5 1 0.91 I to Beiqibu sands

F8 drains,in Changsa I nevlv I / / throug9hMin drains

& Shuangta Districts I build & 1352.451 / drain to disposal
I rebuild I / / areas

27 .

27'-
 I. ' , rwt

-.

Layout plan on immigrants coniniunity

j. , of the projetf rea
r"a
l ~~~~~~~~~~~~
le 2-4 ~~~tab

- efil
(IJ mb l
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~dikn
PIfl
Plv.w
r~ -: ;
b
Adm@l It :it IIsmeId
uuMW
l mNI

3assgwslInlgItlhaDIwn,InIb1ne.e I :

Iflembb of Anti
ulus I.E LB5 20 IL5
*Cnaly
LOSs. urn township *1 2Q a
ArCnalry

0.1 - --
Li- 0.34

iLWm ceIty lt
Am.
Cty
Luspats. Ditch ni. .1 - ' * I.E ti 0.23

U&hheblaunch hru of
tY-sucta' GAS - a'* , 1.27 1s 0.S

r.
R.3sOmu mhu of tkpsll* lIl2

ne r
*Jlusuatoh,tutlouVbtdct 254 L.. 5 Lr

iitw
BraK s-
Tm&Tuwnsh.fp et
of ;ws
0|g1 ;L;3 .2i 10 0A2
i
CuLtS .
YuwI I
0.5
r%MvtrtsghitbofAntilld Z>4 1.2 .0 I C.2

2 T~~~~rderm Q29 , QIC

-And Comdy

CRYInhkObmct 7I :. u
L.
(w3f Tflhg
*t.nuhL * 0.6J Is
TownshIpl#
*le 0.35 -t . ,. ,. 2.., 0.6.

Puadmhho
t. n-tr *o.z
07
o.T .i
--
--.
1.2 0.25

ksirustimeltumm 3.6 5.46e 11i. 2Q.0 II 00

I.
,;a. *28.
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-7
Bar Chart 2 -4 Cwstrutiom-Contmo Prorm of.Bezi-Corridor Shu-fr er- - Pejt-----

YOI Description ; brIks ScaJ I Cowtrol Progres Plan

/ / a rr)2rr11
2 3 rI Yr/151r IC JrlF Tr7 Tr?e rrlla Fri
I I Nrdroelectric vorks . / . I
I ChairoaaIrrigation fistric; I - I/ f.
I I Cbanea reservoir & power station Dun541 bisbg 154 meL storage; 14.25 N1Yinsta st

2 hVest Feeder Caral & pober station main canal,

=419ksHU branch canal. 600 b t

3 / Feeder canal: Last & north ranals;branck canalsiFeeder & maiD canals 74.55Jm.branch & xmin 167ZaI

4 | ainb& rancb drais 1 3.6An sain drains, 226.05 kmbrach drais I-

5 J On - farm - development in ir.igation districf / 4100 ha irrigated land ;31300 ba drainae area /

I Sbuangta Irrigation District I

6 I South main & branch canals 1 35.35 ID main canal ;55.37 Am brancb canal I i

7 I Xorth main canal&-brnch canals 1 29.2.9 maincmnal,1S6.2 Ambrancb & main canal
8 I Nain & branch draage canals 1 75.5 km rain drain^s , 125.4 hbranch drazas /
g I On farm derelop,eot iruntervart sorts I27000ha irrigation & lO4tIba drainage ccnaterpart -

/ Suabai Irrisation District I I

1JeI Kem
headndrtrs& feeder canal murks l Class III marks feeder canal 22.35 km length I
|

11 I North sain canal, east & wes.t =in canls - l 20.67 km main canals , 94.8k branch canals

12I On far: developmentf drainase morks / s7,e ha irrigation counterpart areas I

II I .4gricultare counterpart & products processing I Plant .forestrY ,aimal husbandry & processing - - -

1IJI Immigration
& resertlement / 0.2million new settlers i
protection
Tr I Fnvironment & muasenent l enviroanent harnessing A mositoring etc

r I Training i consultants
for engineering / & overseas stad. tour
including domestic 0

U I Pmect management -

I-II Project preparation £ techairal examination I - --. ___-,

29
 Accordingto theelements analysis such ts local constructionu
status of waterresoIUrces works, scale of warks , techfnicalforce.
economicpoweretc . the constructionperiod is JO yearslnca) lina3
fstages : construction preparatorystage, permanenturktsconstruction
stage, construction final stage
As soonas lperanent worksmre concerned, arrangement priori!)
will be givento following woriks :ChnngnaReservoir IOrmlnai Irrigntion
District newhead works, feeder canal , est xailncatal , Chanuna
Irrigntioni District west min canal ;ShunngtaSouth mnin canal Antd
ReJevantbranchcanals . drains andon farm deveJopment reorhs. Relevant
ifio ration , agriculture , forestry, anlmalhusbandry ,processing and
environmentalworkswill simultaneouslystart , in order to realize tile
goal : to developonearea andmanage well the aiea for coaprehensivel)v
benefiting the area . It Is proposedto list flood diversion tunnel of
ChanymoReservoir and temporaryworks In respect of " water .electricitr
and access ' , HanhalIrrigation Distriet new head worksIn order to
reduce proJect construcLion duration . According to investmentprogress
,ork quantity Andtechnical capacity it is proposed to wor*out overall
project constructioncontrol progress bIr chart see sketch 2 - 4

2.4.2Resettleents :

Accordingto development stases of worksand various labor demand

at different period . immigrants willbe arransed to prevent free flow
of immigrants from putting pressure on popullation , facilities and
ecological environmentrefer to. tabJe 2 -- 6

Table2 -- 6 Resettlement schedule

Year /Ist yr/E'nd

yrl3rd rrl5th
vrU4th MrM0th thr8 yr/Syr/lUrIT/
yrMf

116470
people/9184 / 19217117255
117309 /22125 133188127262/24607113403

Total/ 2000000

2.5 Investment estimatinsg of the proposedproject:

Project total investment is 2.53155 yuan, among
billion which
mainitexs are as follows: I

works
for hydroelectric
Investment billion
1.28965 yuan
Agriculture
counterpart yunn
& processing 158.5million
*30-
 Rpsettleureat 2382.8#1Illoieyuan
Environment protection &w8L7exeu
a 51. ill) ion yuan:

Tr"ainingI consulting 20 lilliani

Yuan
Project
mnagement 45.15million
Yuan
Project preparation & 22.52million yuan
technical exaination

dpvelopoent
Investment of asriculture Is 145millionYuan. among
whIich
,1.4million yuanforagriculture
servicessystem,
3234.37 million
yuan for farm machinery , yuan for forestry
2F.67 million and fruit tree
;39.8million yuan for animal husbandry construction ,1J.78 million
Yuan for fishery.21.48 millionyuan for rural enterprises construction

it restmentfor immigration resettlement works is 214 million Yuan

to newly construct community facilities and infrastructures sucht as 16
toknships (farms) *scbools ,hospitals, shops .baoks anrdoffices.

2.6 Analysis of the proposed project :

Project development involves a lot of natural and social environmenit

factors in the are.a ,it will affect larse area with manyaspects . The
main influtence sources area due to -derelopmentand construction works
w*ich will cause artificial redistribution or datersources in ttle
vatershgd ,and change of environment .

2.6.1 Analysis of mrain environment problems;

a. Changmd
Resertoir :
* Reservoir
storage
:

After completion of ChangnaReservoir , storageandregulation

will changehydrology,of the river , spatial and temporal distribution
of water resources in the downstreamwill be changed , with recalation
of 54600 ha land , water utilization rate of Shule River will be
improvedfrom 41. 7! to 89.84 . Thiereforelarge influence will be put on
Ahdrology and neologv of the downstreamareas ,and balance status of the
existing underground hater is changed :and it is farorable for
improvement of waterenvironment quality.
* Reservoir submersion:

* 31 -
 After coup)letionoftChan
g:s Reservoir rea
-storage
i - 14. .
hi2 soe gullies , beach ,plmntation . houses will be submerged'; thpe
reservoir submersionvill produceinvoluntary resettlement , and brings
worries to goverDeent organizations non goversaent groups and
R,
individuals.
* Reservoir induceesrthquakes:
ChanAMaReservoir is a large scale f gradeII -reserroir..
The reservoir area is located at 7 deareearea teferred in' China's
Earthqua/e Division Hap Geologicalcondition of the dam area is
6d*
complicated withrelative centralized stress , therefore there is a
possibilitv for thereservoir toinduceearthquake

b. The 3 powerstationsto be constructed

will
provide
electricity for developmyent
of the area ,andwillnot cause
new
pollution
C. The newly reelaimedwasteland:
Thenewlyreclaimed wasteland vill bring aboutaffects on
natural ground , topography, vegetation and habit. But enlargementof
artificial oasis vwil producesignificant social and ecological
effects.
d. Improvwement
of salined land:
Among the wastelandto be newvl reclaimed, 80.8X of thea with
salinizationofdirferent extent, needto be comprehensirelyharnessed
to changesoil attribute . It is proposed to take- 10 years for
improvementof all land ,the salinesoilanelioration forwhichthe salt
leaching and drainage aethodis used will produce certain effects in
waterqvality . ater level and-vesetation in waterreceiving area

2.6.2 Analysis of the iJuil rats resettlement

batchof immigrantswill bring about significant effects on

large
social and natural enmironment, such as local water , soil , vegetation
,regional economy,political affairs ,culture ,education , hygiene
,hu.an health ,industries ,comwerce and trade and comunication
Fpost

andtraffic etc Also resettlement wllJ bring surries to groupsand

individuals of the inmigratedareas,
In addition ,0.2 million immigrantswill produceeffects on natural
and social environment of esigra±'edareas in the middle and southern
parts of GansuProvince.

2.6.3Analysis of service and auxiliary works:

* 32
 They are favorable for contstruction of agriculture mechanismof the
development area and improvement of ia isrants produrtivity to reduce
physical work burden , to increase output of agricullure produiets The
service sgstea , consisting of rural education .health . medical and
post office ,will improve living quality of immigrants and native
residents .onstruction of service facilities will produreP a littJe
pollution . butwater and atmosphereand environment quality Aillnot
he affected due to smallscale and decentralizatioin of vorks , stronig
sunshine ,strong and frequent wind

2.0.4 construction period :

Analysis of'
Excavation. disposal . noise .dust and constrntclion of immigrants
points will bIring certain affects to landscape .lt-giene, atmosphere
biology sources and huoan health etc.,

2.6.5 Programon the project econox,rdevelopment

In accordance kith GansuProvince NatioIal Economv the Eighth -
FilPe- Year- Programand overall programof agriculttire developmenft
it isproposed that this project must base tipon sources , togi ;e plaj'
to adiantases to relyon science andlechnoloar- ,o p%v Ji.gli
attention
toel't'iciency. to regard siterresources worksas key backbonewafte-
harnessing and land improvement as care , topntstress on immigrant
resettlement ,toturn scientific progress illtomotii-e torce . to
perf orm fill development of' agriculture ,forestryv aniaal husbalndry-
,srdelines and fisiery . simultaneous develaolrent
of industry
commerceand transportation . It is planned to carrynutf'ollowing:
combination between development of sources and protect ion or environwent
imigrant
m resettlement and proiper scale oJperation : combination
between dereloping production and exporting for loreign currency . lI
run along stereo - development and conprehen.;siregrowth , to hi Iid
agriculture products ltase andmodernization development districts with
adranced scientific technology .high output and high efficienr.i-
It is estimated that alter completion of the proJect from the 15fh
jear ( design level j-ear ) the project will produlce roiusiderahbe
effects. Benefit refer to table 2 - 7 . Program on the propjret economy
derelopment rerer to table 2 - 8 .

Table 2 -- 7

Estimation on project year benefit in 2005 year

( init: I million juan )

Total beniefit of each items

T / 98.75
33
II b enefit of plantation / 361.70

2 / forestry benef-it / 64.50

3 / benefit of anixal husbandry / 135.51
4 / benefit of agriculture product processing / 361.10
5 I hydropower generation benef-it I Z4.44

6 I benefit of water supply to industry 1 45

34 .
 Table2-8 Programon theproject economydevelopment

Items unit thepresentlevelyear theplan.level

year

I,rnralgross 1 *lLlion 400.6 1431.5

product value yuan

b,ptntalto
nvalue I glltion
yuan 115.87 522.49

2forestryvalue
. I wIllion 120.60
yuan 2.9

3,anial husbandry I nlllion

value yuan 72.99 zas.17

L,agrtculture
auxiLlay1 million
grossvulue yuan 433.29

ruralenterprise I million
product vaLue yuan 36IJ0

Incomeof
II,net I o11tion
yuan
agricuLaure,forestry, 234.64 928.26
economy.
lIvestock

Amongwhich,net
income
of rurateconomy yuan SS5.07

per capitanetrural
income yuan 1401.00 1921.00

* 35 -
 -. ...... _.._ . ,.

Sketlch2-2

on Water Storage andl supply systernm

Dialgramn in Sliule Watorshl0ed
-

I.

!X P!Z .*nnual un_ 1012e,*1i' mt

O'hangna liervoir reservoir water lass O.J2*1O'r-

dishlange amount o.966*104mn'
uinnual

Wafer SuRPplylipes tor tndust$l

'36~~~~~~~~~~'

Inflow quantity 1,Or51o0.mz

/\Qifinkin
, Ittmrvoir -* e
/rtsUrYoir water low 0.O(f7*10m
/ -__ nnual discbhuge amount -!*
(0O03*10"ma

llualaa Irrigation Dlistrict.9 0V A

36
 Sketch2--3 procedure on proposed
project

works road, houses ,power trwnswission lives

Twporar,y . ater
supply pipes , auxiliary enterprises

.olraOn-farao der-elpe4&rto
_ __ _

powerstatil "or,, on -fara- development

3 3 pralemse wrk37.

~avisraI -a(. cowiunity constructo imigaio

4 _
3. Generalsurvey of environment

3.1 Phesical environment

3.1.) Locaition,)andforns and geolosr

3111Geographylocation:
ShiuleRiver wratershedis located in the vest section ofr Heni
Corridor of Gansu Prorince, PRC?.-The area adjoins' linjianng
.

Autonomous Region in west, suedOf nizaProrince in sourthwith

QillianMountain , adjacent toInnier MfongoLia
in:north with Kazoos
Mfountains Theproposed agricuilture
developmentarea starts frau *i.
Hfuahaitownship of fumenCityin east toXihuTownshjip *ofAnsri
County in 'rest , thelenth from east lorst is 260 -m- width
fromrnorith to souith is 40 km.., and locating at 34$ 40'--!)
50'E, 40' 14' - 40' 36' N, (see to the sketch map of Shale
Rir-er

3.1.1.2Topography
and landforas

The proposed development area belongs to alluvial .delmtial.

and alluvial finplains with relief high in south and low in
north. Sea level is 1120- 150Dm, there are low hilly land in
the south "art of Clmangsa and hunh;i districts with sea 'level of
2500 a around . In.p the irrigation districts terrain
ts from
nzhuang --
uaa ofosutas -fYinsa Station is high which fanrs -
watershed line in the -direction of eas st to iest . in east the
lorest area is in toagshangGorgewith sea level at o1285 a , in
t,he r-est. the lowest, area?is in the trunk river mouth with sea
level of1200 ; slope is2 ---s - 1 , terrain.is flat and
suitablefor farnins the fine soil region along -obi desert
fringes
hassore developed deflation geouorphology . CEsua
Irrination Districtis locaited at the frontor'Sliuefirer
alluvial fan,atthenorthsideorline- from Ganzb-an.zi
WLuiatangto theancient Suoan? City,with1300 - 14007 a of Sen
level , andwidthfromsouthi tonoth is 12 --- 20 km . In the
south part of the basin ,eleration of' Changasdam is 1853 m ;n
the north part, Lelevaition of Shuangta Reservoir is 1306 w
terra in from south to noi'tb and northwest
andnirtheast declines
in radiation forA. Snips are widely in the irraigation
scattered
districtsThereare aboit10 south-- northgullieswith4 - 10
a deptli in the plains due to change of the riverjcourse
1200e-
ehuangta
, Irrigation
1300
vidt
i District
ot is between
ot ithe robi
north
2--Z z.Ibit jie
and b
, terrain
'fountains decinesfromeast to west it2-- .71slope.
Elevation in Siha is 1072 a fisedanid semi- fixeddimesaie
scattered in the west part of Guazhou . Topogrnph or Hahafjais
basic.aio similar with Shuansta but its rind erosion topographr
is co*lete with large area ,te orrain
is gradually declined to the
center of Ganhaizi
.' is 1/5n1300
oradient --- / 1000 , Sea is

S338
 Sketcl .3--1 Diagram of Sliilo River Waterslhed

Sl'uang> -1:2500000
Wanggalzi Reservoir

------------- hlervor , Beishi

-,- Riveri
_Shuangtap' !_,
,,+ulhuxulg ,tW YumeonTowu~-nanh
{i¢aai
: r ,i,a,,,g
uahaf,, . ..
chl inpu

Ghah~ginapu 5q Yumen City

Subel
Akesai

0 -. ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-';

* r . . .~~~~~
 ~
J.~~~ ~ 1. :. ;': 'G:olo ;

3.l.J.3~
6eo)oar-
: -'. ; V- 0
Area of Shule Ri:er Watershedabove Chanuma gorge outiet-Is
mountainous rfirer section . from tectonic point. : of vlew, - -
belongins to Uilian Mountain foldedaren.tChanmnqa basin.,--
loc.ting at theupper reachesof Oflain Mountainwestsection ,
is the only alliuvial plain br Mountaini
strew . Theareaof the
hasin Is 700 kz2 , vithZOfi longfromeastto vest,and with
35 km wide fromsouthtonorth. Thebasinis composed or sand
secondaryr sand andstib - clay of the Cretaceous , Tertiary and
Quaternary systens .Theperiphery of thebasinand Changra Gorge
hare metamorphicrock of the Cambrian and Ordoricfan Sjstem and
sediment of caareoniferous, vith nagmatic actiritr . low tectonic
movementin Changradistrict is strong, but tite fAuit zones in
the damsite are all stable
The agricultiure developmentarea in the middle and lower
reaches geotectnlogicall.v belongs to Talimu platform ,the area
adipins 4ilian foldzoneof Tianshang fpuntain---- Mongoliafold
sstem formsa depressed basin. The fractures are actirated
,being divided br Kuangtai Mountain, ffeislsang hill,Jieshaogzi
Hll), forming thp basins, suchas 'uta, Andian and Huajieetc.
Around theoasisregions ( irrigation district-) in thlebasin
the gobi- shingle zonesareextensivelr distributed . The rast
sgba of Shule Rkier is corered withsandgravels.Theirupper
layer is the orerburdenfrom delurial facies sand gravels and
lacuistrine facies sand of upper Pleistocene series andlower
layer is deep and thick sandstone of middle and lower
Pleistocene series . In Shuangta IrrigationDistrict thelawis
that : in east cobbles are coarse and in west cobbles are fine
due to transport of Shule River

3.1.2 Soil
3.1.2.1 Soil forming mother materials and soil

In the project area soil forming mother saterialsaremainly

alluvial and silting materials ,secondary materials are aeolian
and red clay of the Tertiary Period .In addition , humanactirity
( suchas irrigation , drainage ,cultivationandfertilization
etc) alsoaffect mother material-of theoasis
Under the comprehensive functions , in theirrigation
districts , barren land has 5 soil types and 31 sub - tjpes anhd
04 soil species : browndesert earth , solonchak .damp meadow
soil, marshy soil and wind hlorn sandy soil . Amongtheharren
land , maximumis solonchak , witharea of 0.1532 million ha
;aaong thecultivated land,maxiimum
is irrigated desert soilwith
area of 40600ha .
The agriculture soil is mostly distributed at fringe of
alluvial and delurial fans ,on Plains or second ,third terrares
in upper anidInwer reaches of river. In Changna and Shuangta
,from south to north through deluria) inclined goldiplains in the
.39
 central parts of oasis are distributed with brown deseit -soil
-- windbowNsand4 sail ---- siltins soil ---. dampsoiF--
aeadovearth -- urskr earth --- solonchak --- rild blown
sandtrsoil--- broan desert soil; marshrearth is distributed in
basin adjacent to south sobi . t,ie periphery,
the,center of fualmai
is Meadow earth ;a?nddistribution pattern is as folloving* wind -
blown sandy earth --- silting earth --- da-p -soil-- eado
earth -- marshrearth

3.1.2.2 Soil nutrient - - , -

Generalsurvey of soil nutrient in thIis area is as following g

I
: low content of aitrogen, phosphoriusdeficiencJ and adeqiuate
kalitm , relative shortage of organic matters . Average content
of orsanic uatters of cultirated land is 0.84 --- 2.23 Z , 31.5
1-25 PPMof alkali hydrolysis nitrosen 83.8-- 307 PPMof
quick'acting potash,4-- 16P1Nof quickacting phosphorus .
0.937 --- 0.108 PY of holonitrogen ,the ratio between carbon
and nitrogen is 8 -- 12.1 , Pitvalue is 8.I -- 8.5 . fain soil
texture areneutralsoil andlightsoil . ;Soil Unit weightis
loosesurface aud'tightbottom soilinitweightof cultivated
t

layer is slightly large,witklowporositv

3.1.2.3
Soilevolution -

The project area is situated in lenmmingdry regiont, with arid

clinate and hish evaporation . If there is no irrigation and no
underground rMter thie area $il becrne gobi desert . Otherwise
inere water from ;lainJountain comes there are corridor Of
oasfr . Fithout water in a long term , the prosperous
aigricultulreareas al?so can become ruins . With cultivation and
irrigaation conditions , wind blown sandy soil also can becomewarp
soil . that meanssoil is alwva.i changedfrom one kind into
another , conrtinuonslyfrom quantitative change to qualitatire
change
. Resides the comprehensire factors , such as climate
topography
, motermaterial , vegetation andhydrology , human
alsobrings
activity' newaffects tonatural erolutionof sol.

3.1.3tljiate,
in General , climate of theproject areabelongs to typical
continental dry, climate, withcharacteristics of longandcold
winter . shorthotsuneer ,quick warning
spring , qtuick dropin
temperature , gr-eat difference in temperature muchsandy r.ind
,long sunsbine time .Through classification or climate , the
uipperreaches of Shmule River belongs to bigh cold semi - arid
zone ; the middle and lower reaches . ChangiaIrrisation District
and Shuangta Irrigation District east parts belong to temper,7te
zone : the west part of Shuansta Irrisation District ( in the
* west side of .iaoksng ) and ffHabai Irrigation District a)l
belong to warn temperate zone .Detailed climate information refer
to table 3-.
40
 .~ ~~r;''~'WL' -
. .~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I

Table 3 I Suumrj' of JJin ciliate information of

the ShbileRfver watershed .

irrigation districtIChansmadistrict /Shangta districtJ lHuahai

district
seteorologr IChansmalYuaen I uang I Xihu / uaa I
station nae II town Icheng / / /
sea level (u) t I 1526 1 1171 t 1070 I 1255 1
light enery:;
anualsunshine hr I 4265.4 1 3240.8 1 3243.4 / 3317.8 -
annualpercentage It 74 1 73 I /74 1
radiation
anmual 146.3I153.8 1152.8 I /14.9.3
(Eeal/cuf2) I I / I /
heat (centigrade):
annual average 4.5 / 0.3 / . / 9.3 I 8.3 1
temperature / / /
cold average
.Var 1-14.5 1 - 10.5 1 - 10.4 1 - 10.0 I -10.8 1
sonthtemperature / / / / /
(Jan) I I .

Naixhot average /19.3 21.6 I 24.9 28.1 24.0 /

month teAperature I I / / / I
( July) I / / I I-/I
extreme ,inimt --36.8 -28.7 1-Z9.3 // :
extreme maxirmu 1 38.5 I 36.7 1 42.8 / . 1 41.4
) 0 C accumulative I 1 3398.0 1 4641.4 / 4222.3 / 3781.0 /.
teMperature I J I / I
> 10 C accusulatire/ / 2891.0 1 3582.9
/ 3212.0 / 3417.0 /
temperature I J I I I
moisture (m) :
annual average I 94.2 1 63.4 I 47.4 41.2 / 58.2 /
precipitation I / I / I - I

annualmar precipi I 1 93.1 /

1 127.9' I I

ma.precipil
nonthls / 32.I 1 22.5 1 1
* 41 '
 . 1 -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

- - -- -----------
- - ,v:il----a

:' '
annualarern.e 1 2800.2/ 2887.7 (.3042.6 I 1 2484.0 /
evapora
tion I -,-- /II/-- - ~~.-
---------------------- - -

annlualaridity 1. /0. /118.8. JG.O

i /9TS I
(coeF'ficient)
r-ost :

startinjjgday/aontid/I
--- …a I 22/S9 - 12/10 I
- -- 22/S9 - -
ending(dar/aonth) I
-a…
IS/
…-----…--………------------
I 8/$5 1 7/5 I
----

aon frost
(dn.rs)/ 135 1146 1 135 1

Nax frozen depth(cm) 1150 '11

windenergy:
annualaveragewind/
2.7 1.4.2 13.6 I /
w,
speed(g/s) t- I -
-(arwindspt ed(us)/
: - -------
sand sto.r days I
-rot
20.0 128.0 134.5
--- - - - - -…
111.6
-
/13.. 1 --
-
1
/

vind~~~~~18 - 1985,r 1.5 tio

deasof wiind over I 158 1 1 - t -
fdegree f '/ / 1 1 I
daysof-dry
bot.
wind I2.4 /1.4-4.31 . I/-
information
tine /1952 /153-- 11951
-- I calcul

.42.
 a. ToRwperntLure :Annual average tempern tiulechanges.
with
terrain height , temperntareIll Chnnlmntih Stntlan of upperl
re.achesIs 4.5 C ; In YemenTrvii of the middlerenches
temperatire rises to 6.3 C , in AMi Towbn of the loawe'reaches
temperatiLre rIses 8.8 C ,in liunhalM
Statloti or t.he lower roaches
of ShidouJRIver tempera tae rises to 8. 0 C . Temiperat.ure In
corridor .ireii fors a saddle pattern in map . Annualtemperature
dUference decreaseswith rise of elevation ,in Turen Ltonw is
32.1 C, in An.si Tomn.Js35.3 C
h. Sunshine nidsolar radiatiLon: Annualsolar radiition or
ir:ewiholearea tlakesthe. leading place coamipJng3
with the wr1ole
provinceand Jinq oanPrefecture , the project areahelongsto the
serondhigh ralnebelt of solar radiation In the eountry.Annual
Alterationof solar radiation formssingle peak , the peak is in
May--- June . GeosraphIc:al distribuition of annunl sunshine timre
is as following : maximum it in Ilunhaibasin ,pln}ns has more
th7n rounttainous area . Spacedistributitionlawof anniualsunsshine
percentage conffats withi the distrlihtioq of cloud and
precipitation , seasonal alteration las' betbe-eensunsliine
percentage and sunxshine hourss , tbe peak alue, of sunishine
percenttageis in October. the lowest value is in July
c. Precipitalion and ePaporation: ShrrleRirer A.7tersbedis
locwared
at the wvestpart of 6ansuiProvince, belongins to one of
tule miniximnrainfall areas of the counatr. AnnualprecipijtaHtio
in Chansrmab is 94.2 m ,ilu Hahai district is 58.9 an , in lmenl
Towsiis 63..4 xm , in AnMiis 47.4 mm. Precipitation concentrates
in May -- AMugust ,accounting for 71.1 X of annutaltotal
precipitation , maximumrainfall is in July , DiDhEoN is in
December ---- Februarj'. Characteristics is that pirecipitationl
and heat are in the same period . Evaporation relates with
temperature* humaidity and wind speed . Eraporation in this alrea
is large
d. Findi The middle and lower reaches areas are owtc/windyr
with abundant wind energy . Average mind speed in Tinmenis 4.2 a
Is . in Anxi is 3.6 m Is . Greater change happenisin Spring,
less changehappensin - Aitumn . Annualwinddirection frequency
is steady dite to topographyof the cor-ridor ;; east deviation
wind is morefr-egientin Sumner;preraiinf windin Fintorcis
west deriation winld.
e. Climatedisasters Mainclicate disast,ers in this area
are fmst , dry lint rind ,strong wind and otler disasters ( such
as~cold wave .harden snow and loe temperature I , west part of
Anxi ( i.e. main in Shuansta Irrisation District ) is seriouis dry
beat winddisaster area ,eerr 10 years hapjpens8.3 --- 8.3 times-
. Tle east piart of An.i Countytand plain area of luIen ( i.c.
Irrijation District ) belongto sandy winddisaster area
Changwa
p with slightly dry beat . Ruahi Irrigation District ( i.e. west
part of ifuajin basin ) belongs to sandr winiddisaster area, wilh
dry heat

* 43.
3. 1.4 Sil'face water

3. 1. 4.1 Hydrolosy
Total length of Shule River trunk is 670 km.Area of the
a, tershed is 41301 kN2Z;amongwhJict, length of teh rirer truink
above Mhanson Gorgein Qilan .Nountlainis 346 km , area is 13300
kh2 ; length of tlhe river tj ink . inr the middle . reaches fiomu
chnngara Gorgeto Slruangta Reservoir is 126 km , area Is 12000
km2 ; river lengt.h from Shunngta Reserroir to Bala Lake in the
bioer reaches is 195 km, witi area of 16000kI. -
'Riers in the proposed sproject area are. Shaile River and
Chimin River . Tle mnin rirer is Shule River, withb 1.031
billion uS of average lons term runoff in Changun Station ,5600
pillion = 3 runoff in Cl'iiin Gorse Station .Runoff
characteristics is that yearly and seasonal alterations are not
eren . ighlerwater season of ShiuleRiver VChansma GorgeStationi
is Julyr ,August ,Septewber , accoimtins for 53.? of annual
quanttit ; runoff of hinter accoutts for lt' of the total . I
Runoff of Spring accounts for 8.5 ? of the toLii .Rtnoff of the
irrigation critical period MNaand June accounts fy- 18? of the
total. CPralue is 0.24 .in low water years from 195G-- 1957 (
hydrology rear) , annual rtmoff is 536 million a* ; in abrudant
water year -frno197 -7 .973 ,annual runofr is -1.507 bHIion #3
.Apinmum annual average flow is 47.8 a-?/s ; ninifiufi wanual
average flow is 17 o3/s .long ter nveroge flow is 32.5 r3.
ShuleRirer floods were caused br storm, snowmelting
usually does not cause flood .Hish water season starts from June
.and finishes in September .HLsiaumflood in a year concentrates
in Julr and .August .in the 35. years flood series ,maxiaua fJood
peak was 758 n3s . In historical floods ,maximrWwas 1560r3/as-
( in the year of 1.969 -- 171 ) . checked fJood dur1ation is
abouit 10 dayls around .

3.1.4.2? ater quality

Both Shule River and Shiyolueiv-er a.re originated from Eilain
Nountains its main souirces are melted snowand precipitatinn
therefore C.7terqulalit.y- of upstrea.W is better . Finallr in
downstream water unused runs into desert.

Thereare 8 ivater quality monitoring stationas ( refer to &ap

3- 2 J .Sh1lle River has 4 sampling sections : in Ch'imasa head
works bifurcation gate ,Swuangta Reserv-oir upstream (
Pa.jriazhuans hydrology station $mrtangtaReserroir darowstrea C
in head WOm-sof Shuangta Irrigation District J , and SJzule
firer souith leaching drains respectively. -Thereaare4 sampling
sections for Sh!youRiver in Frren Citr downstream and upstream
arnnyneriia Bridge, inlet of ChijinaPeseiroir doIiJstreaD. of
Chijin Reservoir respectirely.
44 -
 Continuous montitoring results for 3 j.ears r-ere collected
,special monitoring weie perfo*red in .1 uasctItId
Septemrer of
1.9.91 .Results see to table 3 --2 . Results sihaathat : wi-th
exception of annual arerage vaule or zn exceeding standard grade
I , otlier maonitorinder nIl meet standard gravde I water in
thanan d.7m of .Stiale
Rirer .In ShuanntoReserv1oirinlet sectioln ,
all monitor index in h)igh ,normal andt low water seasons and
inhale year meet water standard of grade 11 .- In aittlet of
Siniangta Reservoir , excepting Hg satisfr with grade T1II ,other
indlex all meet banter
standard of grade JI, that mramsShale firer
is slightLy pxlluted in thtis section ,but it can meet requiiremtie -=
of drinkins and irrigation .

After flowing outt of the mountains ,mineralizatlion degree

of Shale RierP is obviously increased with flaw. For e.vample,
uinerall7ation degree in Changubu upstreax is 0.44 u/C , in
IPnnjiazhuang is 0. g .n in Shuangta Reserrair is 0.8 -- 0.9.S/L
,in tihu is I --- 2 g/l . In Changarabu total ion is 437.5 mg/1
* in PanJjiaz7huang is 8Z4.3 ag IL . Jn Changmbucherical tape of
w,ater is HOJ -- S04 -- Ca -- Ng , In Panjiazhnang it becomes
HfCO3 -- £04 Ng -- C.a, in SbuangtaReservoir it is So --
HCo3 -- CL -- Hg --Ca ,in rhu it is CL -- 504 -- -Ca .
In Sbuansla Reservoi, iupstream
section,consistencer of Cu anyd
Zn exceeds requirement of fishtery , it is inrestigated thatthene
is no artificial pollution , belonging to natural rale .in
Shuangta Reservoir , throuwgh 5 sampling points ratertest, Rg
uIA ) , Zn(0.0013 'gIL) and Cu ( 0.00606us IL) alIl
( 0.007103
meet fishery requirement . *Yeanwhilepoison test on fish at
different depth leirel ( bighead in middle -- uppiler
leve)*bream
and grass carp in middle -- lower leveI:cnp a7ndcrucian-caflh in -
botfom ) ,fishfleshallmeetrequirewenzt of edible
standanrd

3.1.5 Underground
wuter

3.1.5.1
l.rdrogeology-
Pndergroiu,d water of chang,a basin in .the upper reaches of
ShuleRiveris dfivided into:2 types:loose rocknorositr water
andbedrock crerice rater.Hostof eacht,peof underground hater.
is drained into riter before running out of mountain areas

Shi, ou River in upstreap, is charged by melted snoa, glacier

and precipitation ; water quality is good and it basically meet
grade Ir standard of surface water .The river traarels throrigs
Tamea City , in Xihebaqiao monitoring section in downstream
,there are 36 pollution discharge points :about 694.8 million kg
waste waterwasdiFcharged into the rirer . Suspension matter
,oil , rolatile phienol, 8015 Cu , ammonia , andnitrogen etc
strinunslypollutedtheriver.and decreased a,terqnalit,r .Shiiou
firerruns intlogubi desertdownstream.rdue to openand wide
rirerbed, withthick gravelcorera7e,wih smallfloodthri
* 45.

.71
 - ~~ ~ -q . .- - f 0

vi.-&i tnfirltroates ground ;olgwith largeflood11her ire'r varrent

can run into Cihijin downstreau thjroulghold- rirer-bed , therefiro
the river is called Ciiiin RiVrer. Onteto resistance' vi hillma
.Vorotain and llonsshnngsi ,vaiter sources of CHUminfirer are
spritig water & worsh whter .dllthoughbwater quality is improved
throughundrrvrooundDvarel infiltratlJnn the knter reaches Grade r'
standard ot siurfrie waler wlth increase of total hardness and
muwrauiz ltioni etc.

In Chijiin IT'n1gase, total hardness of the riPer htlter is

23.1 '%IL . Total hardness of spring water is 55.2.7Arl/1. . Frail
rs ii in Reserivir outlet to Tianjinari Brigade total hiartdnessao
river Auter is 60.53 g JL ;A in Rita hai Tronshilp . wAter
quality is worse * mineraliza tion is over 1.5 f1L, it can be
used to irrigate salined land , btt it not suitable for daily
potahle rater - -

Since 1340's ShLrou Rirer VUas poallited fromoil'

etrip/itation . From1.186
water quality of theriverwasmonitored
;sectinn from Yawen City domwstreau, to XJilebaqino , witll total
lettath of 8 km aind rarious wasteAanter' disposal points .Was
Iearil.y polluted . Tn terts of equitvaletnt pollution load
anay1sif ,isfollowing 10 industrial plants are listed in first
i'tlace:

Sn. /a-ste water I trea.tEent I disposal I disposa1means

110000tY t(method l directtion/

1 1 6.31 1 not treated(ShirouRiverl discontinuouis

_ ____
- - 1------- _

1. 1U.i fw *S1|
nI

3 / 2.52
_=__________--
I
_____-_-----_----
I
-_-- - --
I
- ---

4/ 182.00 Iconrentionall " I' continuous

__ __________---- -_r -------- -- --- -- ---

5 13.52 Jnot treatedl I -

6 / 63.07 / * - I i I discontinuous
1 2151.00 1 r - I/ contintious
a / 15.00 1 ' " f - " / discontinuoius
0 /32.45 / - I
10 /8.74 Iisolation I - / -

J l tank
lorJI I /
------ -- _-_-
-- --
_-- -- _-- -_- -- -- --------- --- _-- -- -- -- -- -- -__- -- -- -_- -------

'Vo. I analysis itess and disposal standard

I oil 1 frolatile phenoll Cy- I COD I SS
/ 0.5 10.1 1 .01 / 0.1 10 / 5ts

46 -
 1 / 1810.8 1 8.40 1 0.72.1 / 165.5 /05.583.2

2 / 107.1 / 6.9 (14.C61.1 0.013 50070.01

J 't .537.0 11.7 I (1.18.1 - o.oz / 32.51

4. 1 (25 07.0 I .101 1.804 /. 0.0377 1160.01

5 / .'t".%4 3.50 / 0.080 1 1160.5

6 /11.4 5.60 I .2Z1 0.722 / 186.G6

7 83.6f /6.50I / / I 1375.
8 1 589.0 19.701t0.8$65 I 120.4 1 177.0
.9 / IN. I/ 0Io / 10.024 / 0.00r 1 20.3 I

IC 1 5.3 / 0.80 0./8t 1to.oui 1 228.7/ 170.0

- - - ----------- - - - - - -- -- -- -- -- - -- - - - - -- -.- -- -- -- -

,Notes: numbersrepresents namesand position of thepollution

factories as following

1. iao are0- 15.9sell dtrillins tear

2. No.2 disposal tank of oil refining plant
3. Xo. 3 disposal tank of oil refining plant
4. waste n-c?tertr-catffent plant of oil refining plant
5. Ta. 30l ell repair iater supplr for Mao ore
6. 3 disposal tank of oil refining plant
.a.

7 -Gneral waste disposal point ofrydroelectric plant

8. adl?repairinS and melted snowand ice of lao or-e
0. Powerwiorkslhn Opof nil refining plant
10. So. 20 oil surppbrstatioin of Maio 6B metasurestation arc,

Tlrreemsainpaoliitiion sources of Shirou Firer are Lat.junmioe

Oil fttrnet ion Factors' , oil reifinringplanjt andpower sttiotn,
acont ills for 08! of the total equiralent pollutiorn load of the
river . Fron 182!1these factories performed harnessing sooner
or later .arid nrt.er qualit.y- of Shiyonufirer J;Is siqnifircanf hIr
turning Iietk'r ( t.M3 monitoring data refer to table 3--2 ) Dr
tire ye.r !S , if " farrnessing Nlan on poNtition of ShiLrouRiver
- can he thoroughlr ixrplegenteet inter quality aof.Vhijyo Rirer in
lnrmenCit.y dnrnstreaa will be completely improred ;and ran meet
rcptirement of surface water gIradeITI , and water will be
svl table for farm irrigation
tn Shule Rirer middle and 1orZerrearhes plains . idergronllxl
P.atr. arredivided riito3 fipes: Nuin undcrrvroundr.a?!r biedrocrL
f rPri i;, ratelr el a.7.tic rrck- rrevice pornsiij rh-:aer .aind plaX1in
regirnnal pornsity - teir.

* 47 .
 aole3-2 '

.._.__. _ _-_.-_
_- .-- ...
_- -_
--- _ .- I0Dit Wing 4i ts on Surhfcebur O uanlty f:
- LongTerr .verwge and the. Tear of 1983

| PH
- ifSraness |s
IH
NZRS sII%I
DO CH
|COD |ODD N O|
W
NO. pNO-
PelC_
A,
C
PbC
b
a
d
Ol
. cjfzn
oil
F

psCitr
hue long teTn 8.34e13.04117.561 7.79 1.40 11.21I-'17 1 0 94 0.002 0.000SI'00 I000.000710.coo0.001110.
M61a. 00 OS o23 1V7
!fs.6
i _ 179C1 2.25 O S 102 0. I 0 0 ... i 0.541h.W3
0.00410.003 0003 6.0004
.0W 0,0.°1471 1.97

uer Cityl |lug2c7r 9.3S |14.782346.5 5.1IC 14.21 1859 4.51 2.37I 0.040 I.7638
0.0257
0.02370.00510.0106|0.002000018
0.25750.;O08123.15|
Z.oS8136SZ.61SS | 98 | ~
1 1993 ~3.240/;1170.042 0.604 0.021 0.0430010Z.
_ __ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ e__ _ _1_. _ 14_3 5
_ _ _ ._ 1 2__ _ _ 0. 01 1 0.0 10.0
991
2 0017415
0 0003 10.C0456
'in Reservoir |long lor i2.B|.08 C 2.5ac
01so1.880.25 192
I. |OOZ9|.O60010053;03.17.W |.0IOOS0OB|.9|
13 1.18
[ . 0.47 000550003410 .020100 53.2170.12

CtijinlReservoir long ter 84 95C 2.67 1.38 0.32 1l.44 0.0250.00110.007 F

r
3 8525.1217.
s 0.001ZO.002 0.0170.001710. OO7 0.1086 6
dohwt,eajraverage ,017 OD
s e 8 9 -i 1 10. IITI7 I 0 0
I o.02I0.00210.00Sf z10.0o27.ocsoo0.oooo
0.004
01210. 0.7
2. -
BIfrtia g.00
verge
1a8811172.51
0.011.55 0.00050.001II
0.55 0.04 0.60 0.001 1.IOZ I0. G0 . D24 1002
I
.

Reahues
lie 'idhAiiit eSI77 161 1 2It.10[72 1 0.00110.02541
0k01
0 001
souithernside drainsavea
.
.3100 ,'10.014
I0.D051a0.00110.0071 0 44210-16
49I 1.02

~~~eZ~~'~~"'aver~~ ~
azLs 31.65N221.
9 i.S7 12.37 IS301 0.40. 025 0-001 0.0.01 L004 0.003 0. 001a.
00101.00l( OS 0.4049

npg. 8.20 , 8.1 Io.oo0l20.00oz

0.001 !o.oMAzo4.ooz.
OOM#.
021o1
huntReevoirlon ter 24 91 7.52Z1.80 1.71 0.15j 0.41 10.0030-00091
24.7552. 0.0
005S0.002 0.00210.0015jO00Z0.oOli9
W6i0.0i.51
I0.
07833I1 0.44 -
t lavrgs
do-l-~~~~~~8
&-44 I f 0.010I0.002 10.0020.134
p.OI.n023 ixr1O.00WAS
 Bedrockcevevicewater is distributed in Beijieshano
and Qisowan Hills with poor supplementary
Chanb.shangzi ra ter-i
henringstratum
Clastic rock- crerice porosity water is distributed in
Jurassic -- Cretaceous stratum wiCllwenk Miter contents ;the
stratumis rich in ererice porosi4t water of Pleistocene She ,
River groups tinderfarorable conditions
Plain regional porosity' water is rdistrihiledinAthe
Pleistocene ( Epoch) loose w-ater bearing stratuxalmla Quaterna7rl
I t m.
stru '
Irrigation districts and reclaimable barren lanidis sainlio-
consisted of Quaternary cnbble , wiithgood w-atercontent and
in fiftration . Howe-erunderuroundwater depth , distribut ion and
rater content capacity of Changan Irrigation District a.nd hahi .
Irriga tion District are different
.Southern part of rhanasabasin Ihis nit.ary thick cobble
phrealic rater , delpth of water bearing stratum is 100 - 20glo;
wter' table is 70 -- ZOOn.In northern part of thel basin , that
is rinr soil plaines on where the irrigation districts and
reclaimable barren lands Ioca tea, is water bhearingstraturnz wihII
douibleor multiple 1ayer gravels, belonging to wenk pressure
and pressure water . Depth of under5roundwater in 3r.rel is
less than 5 v ;infringes itsdepthis 5 -- In a . Froascull; to
norih there are3 raterbearable zones , locat(ionsrefer to table
3-3.

Comparing with Chatisan Irrisation Distrilct . Sltuanrgta

Irrigation Distirict has poor Aater content EPdina, bearable
rararitJ and undergroundwater qualiltr . breas in doNnstreoa of
Shamangta Reserroir have multiple l.wer naterbearing str.nttr
,depth of pressure water in general is less thin .5a.

HiuahaiIrriation Districrt is located in thle fine soil

plains of Chijin Rirer downstream,from front of the nountains to
the interior af the irrigation district, sfruictulre of water
,bearing stratum turns from nmitary grarel larer in1tomultiple
fine sand layer .In terms of depth of undergroundA-.fter , frc;,
nest of tihe township government location Sishawo , it fs greater
than 5 ; frthaeast of thle t:ownship.sovernrent , it is 3 -5 N .
In souitharoundo Rajinwan
j fracanizationfactory it is greater than
15 3 .
Running direction of tundergronmdwater of the 3 Rain
irrigat.ion districts refer to table 3 -3
plains are
Underground rawterand sujrface rirter of Slthule
repeated.lv changing . and causes repeated utilization of mater
resources .8.9.1 * or water resources in the .3 large irrigation
districts are the repetition of Qilain KtMntainw-atersources .
and only 10.I 3' is from precipitation . According to these
0 49 0
 Table 3 --

Depthof h ter I surging quautitrv water canddction I/ater flow Igradient

bearing stratum I single well / coefficient . Idirection lunderoround
f(*) I (r3/dha J (la/day) / /ster L)
Irrigation District
Chansag
Jo.1 rich hater zone : Iiauibao , Sandaogou - Tikeshu
1 60 - 100/ 3000 -- 500 2090--6009I
1o.2 rich water zone: betweenio.1 £ Ho.2. - flow fromsouth to north

1 30 - 70 I 1000- 3000 1 1200-3000i 3-l0

Far had office north - 7ashi Farm
No.3rich waterzone : faogutuw ,Huanghau
Nanba Township , Tubulu north

10 -- 30 500 - 1000 I 200 -1200 I fanzone

ShuangtaIrrigation District
Sig3ngFar. No.2station / flov frav east to vest
25 - 40 1000- 3000/ 200 - 10 I 1.3-2.8
,ibhuestarea I flowfroneasttowest
1t20 < 1100 1<200 1
fiuahai
Irrigation
District
Fine soil zone I flow fromsouthwest
tonortheast
1 1 500 - 1000 1250 12-1.2
East gobi zone o -3000
1000 1 250 12-4.2

50
Table
3 -4

Total quantityvof undergroundrecharge I 584million W3

&achItem accountingfor S I
River water recharge I 50*
Irrigation infiltration / 38.3X
Precipitation water collection 1/1
Sideway quantity
inflov 1 4..
Rainfall supply in shallvw
mountainarea! 0.8
R
Total of undergroundwaterdischarge 1 1.145 billion r3
Eachi:es accountingforS I*
Evaporation& transpiration 1 69.12'
Exploitation throughmechanicCal
wells / 4.2?
Spring overflov 1 23.7n
Sidevay outflov quantity 1 3?

I I

* 5I .
reatLures
. if rirer waterin upstrenm is e.rplolted underground
wrterand spring waterwill have serial changes. Onthe contrary,
, ifundergroutndwater exploitation at large scale is perforned
waterquantity ofdownstreas river will he rediuced
Under,naturalconditions , basic
featture of indergrotmd stuer
balance is thatriver waterandirrigation infiltration is the
entirety of recharg6 ;mainconsimptionis evapornation and spring
hater
Onthe basis of 3 mainirrigation districts divtision to do
balance calculation , results refer to table 3 -- 4

3.1.5.2 Underground
iater quality
In the plainis thleMain water bearin.9str7tnm water-quality
has horizontal and rertical zones ,according 1ler method .
.underground iater in the plains are dirided into 4 basic
hydrochewicalzones: carbonate -- sulphiate fresh inter zone
,suIphate --- carbonatefresh water-- slight saltr rantrwzone
sulphate --- chloride ---- slight saltry water -- salty wafter
zone ,chloride --- sulphate salty witer zone . See table 3-5.
In the north part of Changma basin and Anxi ,Rluahli basin
,mineralization of undergroundwater is decreased brth depth
increase .this is obrious in Anxi basin
Undergrdund waterquality. alteration law of surface strattm
basically confotus with that of main water beraing stratum . Its
horizontal distribution from soutthto north ( for Ani bhasin
from east to west ) mineralization degree from 170 ks/L arontd is
increased over 10 kolL in the north part of the basin . In
general iater qualitr of bottom undergroundrater conforas with
Pressure anter , the nearer to the suirf.ace the higher of
mineral7izat!ionn

Irrigation water quality is up to affect on crop and soil by

temperature, mineralization, content of soluble salt and
water
PHvralue. In general . annualarerase temper?ature of underground
iwter in this region is 9--10 centigrade ;Ph ralue is 6 --8
,and water can meet irrigation demand .Therefore .in
consideration of affect br soluble salt ,hy means-of irrigation
coeftficient metlhodandNa absorptionr specific value,considering
total salt and chloride contents .coaprehensire e.aluation is
performed
The evraluation results show : undergroundwater of 5ost
arleaPsin Chang=nIrrigation District is suitable for irrigation
as g,vade I .J1iater ;onlr in north YinmaFarm. Qinshangtou and
Hills southern fringes , iater quality is pour,belonging
Ileijie
to grade II riter , Irrigatable water in Shuangta and ifuahai
Trrtqation Districts is distributed in upstreamdistricts ,as
grade r and ii uwidergroundiater , with limited range
* 52.
 : I. s;^)| * : 7

Table3-5 Waterquali)tr luot of aainater bearing stratrw

In the Shule River watershedplains

Area mineralization
Rydrochexical hrdrocheaical
zone zone (gfL tvpe
_ -__----_ _ ---- __ ------ _-- -- --_ - _- ------ _ - ------

delurial fan carbonate- 0.34 -- 0.3 CO -- SO - Ng--

fringes in sulphate fresh I,; JCO'SONg
Cha?ngxa iater zone Na
District

middle & north sulphate-- 0.6 -- 1.6 50 -- ICO-- Hg--

part of Changiacarbon fresh COa:SO - 11C --
Hg -- Na
-rater ------------ -
east & middle lightsalty- 0. -- 2.9 SO HCO-- CJ--
part of Shluangta
rater zone No--- T; SO--
. south part iCo-- Hg-ca
of Huabal
ziddle & vest sulphate- 1.1--6 SO -C--H-Na
part of Shuangta chloride slisht So C] Na C7
,aiddle & north salty zone
partof Huab,i.
Oinshanchang
north part
Xihu area of chloride -- ) 3 C -so -- -a
Shuangta sulphate salty C] SO -- Na
district ilter zone

* 53 *
 Table 3-6 Ev-atuationan PomableWater Quality of Main Water
__________ ~~~~~~~Bearing
stratum In thte Plaius of ShouleRiver Watecmhed

THo F. MtZ NvtL .Iia. N&F[A. Cd Cr- Pb

~ ~ ~ ~~~~htewme
hardues,~ h smu

n yi~
yommftt425.8 . 8. 7 130.1 0.93 0.~536 uptz

Amwang
Aim 5 4704 - 18 21.2 0.92 0.405 mslphueeto hIoul.en.

Wmi
yih 340.2-105.7I5.0 0.56
0.732
yjamb 7-7~ 324.3].C0.04 <0.05 0.003 0.140 107.6 477.S 0.33 0. 310 <0. DOS<0. M0 0. 004 0. 005 (-7

Sscatica ~8. 345.9 <0.01 - 24 .. S!.1 12 04

A.u~~W.~5y I :.: p8:4 <0.

041<.5<.0 308 z
n:<0001<0. 0051
0.= 0O6.:

An.i
W~e~- ly 9 479<.0 <0.0O 0.0013 0.350 320.O 231.91
1." 0.5005 .G
<0.005 0.006 <D.n00 1.3178 jcatlhaladsscttitet.

yote. .dw
hu 755.4 1 <0.041 <0 -1.
,*00
*4 3 1.00 (L1n<.0 0 <0.0051 h.0w2nG074-05t

F=tbIl. te Otam4t=d .5d6-9.51450 1 0.3 I. I-0 1.0 131030 .0ii0 .Os 09 Z E1-98

54
 . |~~~~

Sketch 3-3 Evaluation Division Map on Irrigation Water Quality

of Slhule River Watershed '
X Shwingta Reservoir -YImu 'NOwftT 3I0U~Ti E
1X i

II ~ ~ SShTMd
~ ~ ~ Ax -YoD'O D
*1 'I "' (lIOi~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~hi1Uverv
I 11
||~~1 ? .51 /Z IINNAJ 1LX

[21. Vmlo
Scale 1:1100000
.a

1. absolulte suitable 2. suitable 3. vwisultjiblo4. unusable 6. river 6. mountain boundaiY

 Sketcei 3-2 Layout of Sampling for Water. Quality in-
Sliule River Watershled

Seale 1:1000000
BhuleRiver, I0vero

* I ~~~~~~~~~~~
Tn ~~Yumeno>

~samp Aamg
poingaand No.

^ SD \ > X~~~~~~~enCity

| E! ~~iDslvay i3 reservoir | OA 5PVZe ;t 0D 0

Lnn~~smpling
points and No.*
 --
~~------ ----- r - :- - ---

C .-
-~~~~~~~

Sketch 3-4 Potabl wateT quiity Division dt Peas

in Shiie River Watshemed

I.
:21
\\>\~~~~~~~~~~Rihml
'\\ ,7 4$Ž%<
-

~~~~~~~~-4.1,!taPjVT'tr
Anxi irt' er

_~~
_ ~~

t.egenri
II. bon - potable water areas
1. Areas for potable atr sources
greater than 3 s/L
c&tital 4. Poor water qUality .oiDeraiiZtion
1. Excellent potable water . evers physical 4 index out of standard
index can sent hysiene standard
. other
Z. Better potable Water . excepting 1-2 index 111. Others
index can se.t standard
. excepting 2-4 index .other index
3. Poor potoble water 5. Distribution areas of Quaternary water bearing stratus
can basically eet standard ,. Area division line
7. River -reserveir
- f:I.' I 4 . If:;:: --:: E ; s'

;uuderoroundhaterIn aost areas belongs to grade I W

ialer hut .

it stillbe irrivatablewater:Ittisbettertoirixwith, surrace-

waterfor utiiza fion .Details refer-to table3.-- 3
In terms of potable-water quality , with consideration of
soluble total solid , fluoride ,sulphate ,total hardness, and Ph
ralue .according to 68 5719 -- 85 for dailr potable kater
hygiene standard stipulated byrthe State -Public Health Ministrr
evaluation is performed. :
Evaluation results shov : water qualit,r of main a;tor
bearing stratum of most areas in- the Project Area is tinder
.

condition of clean and relative clean : poison index is all in

allowahblerange ;and it canrbasically-wet hvgiene requirement of -
potable water ;it can be directly used as potable water sources
.Bat uater quality , alo7ng eishi River and OlinshangFarm of
Changma Irrigation Oistrict , .ihu Tosuship and-i ts southern
area ,in Hubahai iiiP tan &est part ,in northern part along Meiile
River and east areas , is extremely deteriorated ; it is not
suitable for 'otable wiatersources . Details refer to table
3 -5 and Sketc.b 3 -- 4
Surface larer phreatic siter above main water herinr.q.
stratum , its qual.7ity in gener.al is relatively poor DUeto.
hearv artificial irpact iuck as irrisation etc, the vater is
liable tbr pollujtion and contains muichsalt .Jain excessive iters
are mineralizttion , sulphate ,total fhrdness .PH;-value and
chloride etc .In partial areas ( such as Anui N1o. I Station-nnd
NuabaiXisharoi ,chloride is excessive . therefore the water ;is
notsufitable forpermanent daily usage .

3.1.6Terrestrial
blota
Plants in -this area belong to xeropftrte and halophs-te . fPro
pointriewof phitodivision throughout the countr.r,belaonins to
prt of Henrin Region.Because of shortage of water. this aren
seldom formed forestryr . EiUk less natfural arbor and rariety of
bush : mainl,ygnmins semi-bush and grass vegetatfio ,monst
regetation has adaptability to natural arid and physiologicl
arid .PhJte type can be ditided into 4 types: agriculture oasis
marsh ,meadow and eremophilous

3 1.5.1 Agriculture oases

.Yainheveropflute cultivation plants ( such as wheat ,corn
cotton , beetroot Ptc. ) ,forestry , fruit tree, and field weeds
. Hurman planted trees in the oases are Populus nigrather'estina
P. sixon! , Popu)us bolleana lauche , Poplnis therestins bean_.
Populus-soifii Carr. . Ulmuspumfils L , Elaequs angurstifolia L
peach . apricot , apple , pear , grope etc. Free arover in
agricu!ture cultis-ation area are Populuisdtiersifolia schlrenk .
vChinensis Mast etc . rultiFated forage grossare luleern,
Tairarix
*57.-
 sweet clover , hairy vetch etc. Field weedsare oat ,reed
limaceJe , crested whnentgrass. cocklebur- ,endit' , terrain
.c.amel'sthron chlorls etc . - -
p~~~~~~~~~~~~~ '

3.1.6.2 Helophbte
rheyr ninly distributed in depressions in -the center of
nases ( such as Rulunji. Oiauzi ,. Tashi ) , such as reed
,bryopkvte .annual bluegrass .dandelion and common
rush .etc. rn
west- salty shampis mainly consisted of rerch and other salt
raMss.Coveragerate is 70 --001

3.1.6.3 Ieado, rvesetation -

growin darp depressed area or two sides - rof canals and
Thoer,
rirer beach.salty meadow-regetation are reed . whntgraWss
j
JLiwieed , glrc'rhiza ,ken4rTr, bitter retch , with corerage
rate .7 -- 50X , around cana7 sides with coverage-rate 70 --80X ;
* Sallty eadow regetation are camel's thron ,wild Chinese
xatrimon.r-rine,reed ,aired with when
tgrsss, ephedranear fields
mainly grow cowmanrush etc., with coverage rate 80 --. ?

3.1.6.4 Erefophyite
The.- are mainly growing il oasis fringe and front of gaib
*There are 4 sub t) zes : 1) salt eremoplirte sueb as TarIarix
ChinensisBye ,ILilox)lon aumodendronhunge etc . with 51 of
corerage ,vithout herd's value 2) earth erewoptrte: white
cIlover , ledysarux scopariu. Fisch. et Nea , with coverage rate
21 , 3) sandy ereaopArte: sroving in fixed and seai-fixed dune
such as Tanarix ChinensisBve, white clovere reed ephedrn etc.
wifir coverage rate less than 201 ; corerage rate in fised dime is
50 -- 80* . 4) gravel eremoph.vte: groving in ,gohi desert ,such
as eplidra, whiteclover etc.withcoverage rate2?
In the project area, Eremophyte are wideLy
distribiuted
,there is no rare amndendangereda biota or anixal *Butover
cutting-of wiid biologr sources suchi as licorice root , Fphedra
sinir. , Cvnonorinasongaricum and Cistanche deserticola etc
dama.gedpasture over thousands mu

3.1.7 Terrestrial animal

In the watershed area ,there are 152 kinds of vertebrate

.including 104 kinds of birds . 25 kinds of beasts , kinds Or.
reptile. I kind of amphibian .n Timrenanimal kinds are same
onlyt in Ganhaizi there are 26 kinds of birds .
Nain domestic animials
are cattle ,horse donkeyx, meal
camel slheepand pi.-

58 -
3.1.8 Aquatic biota

They areP reed , cuirly, pondweed .bryophte ; common ru.sh

reedgrass , weepingalkali grass , pond-weed ,snapdragon etc
Amons which some of the filatsedge and miter pepper- kinds -,such
as siliquios ,liver miossesar-eamphibious Plants ,and stenophs'tla
Andsea leekaresaltresistant ones.

3.1.9 Aquatic animal

In ShuleRiver watershed ,ther -are '17 kinds of fish in
total,rarp ad loath - belong to scprinoidgroup .Theareya
southern fish, Chinafinelcrucian
.ekou carp, qnlln .nked carp
cruciancarpe Idch etc. Amongr which there are 3 kinds ofrish
with high cash value they, are piebald nakedcarp ,CWain
Mosintain naked csirp and crucian carp . Tntroduced fisheryp tarc
silver carp.bighead , triangular bream,grass carp aind-east hreair
etc. Salt resistant kinds are plateau lack carpand crucIan
carp
Thereare25 kindsof Pelagic animals .Auongwhich*5 kinds
of Protozoan ,such a7samoeba, clack shapedcarasand paramecium.
Thiereare 28 kinds of benthi c animals, amongwhich 4 ki1ndsor
mollusk . if kinds of annelid .2 kinds of cruistaceso and 17 kinds
of aquatic insect-s

3.2 Social environment

3.2.1Population
status ahreai
in theproject
to*l TotalPopulation of raen city and Anxi Countwns 0.243.7
zillion in the;,ear ol' 1.990.From 1.982 19.90 population'was
incrueasedby 9200 people fGrothrate is 3.1 ,annual growth rate
is 4.3a/1000 .which is greatly lover than the prorincial average
rate 16.87/1h00
rstb dduction of pimigrantsin 1.980's, actuial
.growthrate is muchlower
Population density is 7ad people/rP2. accountingfor M.35
ofl the prorincial aterage lerel ,in Axi population densityif
only 3.05 people/S . Kaority is Han .minority population onir
accoutnts for 1.11 of the total ;Riui nationality is more.
silZionIR
Agriculture Population
tfierear - tq Folv2-- million
Or1.g90 is 0.1413 oplain
people in, 1.9.790
accounting for 54.41o.t the total. Rutral enterpriseiorker
engagementis 27.71, hisher than the provincial level (15.81).

In the project area there are 13n.tonships and 4 state farms

population is 0.1163zillion
,.total people -among
which50100
people pu46400 people in Anxi
in Tumen 1.v970people in the

*59*
 4.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'

state farms.Ruralpopulation is 0.1126 illionpeopleo

accounting for fl.W . Rurallaborfoareis 54800people . rn the
rear of-1991 total t pulation of Changma
Townshipis 5721people
.auonb
which agriculture if: 503$, laboi- force is
population
3052c,
irrigation
areais 1870ha

3.2.2 Derelopment and industry

statusof argriculture -

In luene. Citt antrAndi county.industry is reiatirel.r

dereloped ;product uwineaccounts for87.81of grossIndustry, and
agriculture ralue . Agriculture
prodruct takes cultivation
and
grain production as kev elerents .cultivation accoumting for -76?
, grain rield is .5865kg/ha,per capita producing 3035 kygrain in
arerage .Per capita average agriculture prodrct net ralue is
2289 yuan *all these are higher than prorincial Jeve) in arerage
( 2385 kg ,ia of grain vield , 1005 .kg of grain produict per
c4Npit, .935yuan net product ralue)
Per capita arerage economic index per capita total
industrr product mine is 2792. 7 yuan* per capfta agricultutre
product value is 38.6.5
yuan ; per capita ouned grain is 572 kg .
All these index are obriouslr higher thaw prorinciaJ average
ralue . Andrelatire abundant fare land of the project area will
ensure further development
of agriculture
From orerall points ,the project area's industrr and
agriculture and farm aechanisethe project area has 96.f4of
,

etfectire irrigation area antd 88.51 or ensurredirrigation area

.Percentage of marchineploughoing, sowing and harresting ate
4.1X ,56.81 and 24.31£resp&ctfrelr . Second .component of cash
crops is large ,grain rield and corercialization rate is high
,cash crop planting area accounts for 20? . In 1390totalgrain
output Or theproject area is 131 Killion kg , with 5677.5 kg/ha
nmaxiaua grain outpiut in Anxi is- 6428 kg/ha ,proriding 73
million Ag commercial grain ,vith56.21 of commercial rate ; inr
An.ri Countr ma.rilJmris 60.41 . Third , cultiv-ation accounts for
large. component in agriculture economy,structure, componentof
forestry,sidelines and fisheryis swll ., ith 74.31r of
cultivation product value in the project area; sidelines and
fishery accounting for 4.1I ,excepting animal huksbandrr . Fourth
..Agriculture and industrr , especially agriculture econour.-
are
developed withhigh prodrctivity .Percajpita totalinduistry-and
!)riculture product v-alue is 2222 yuan ,per capita 0.35ha of'
fanrxland with 115.9kg grain .In arerage each labor cultivates
4.68 ha ,produces 2418 kg grain, net income is 1018 yuan in rural
area .
In 1991 ChangiaTornship
,where Muhanma
damnis located
.per
capita cultiv-ates
0.36ha land, GNPis 12.8424millionytran.
per
capita 2.506
yuan;per capifta
annualnet incomeis 1003yruan

3.2.3 infrastructure
Public
GO*
 Since the found of PRC the country successivel.r btilt
natioaal lerel &.rnxin.hisgrar and Lanxin ralwyay; highwras at
township level are like a cross --- cross network .Especiallyr-Asia.
-- Europe ContinentAl railWwr lines pron-ide good opportunity f.--
induistry and agri culture development of the pronject area .In this
-ireva health anf medical underttakings are conporatirelr dereloped
,medical tecunalogr and hospital bieds ( inAnexi is Z.7 Ied.,;
/1000 people , in runen is 3. 7 beds/1000 people ) in average
are higher than the prornincial level . Elertricity ritilization
rate rorrill.aes are 34.51.The city and county .a1l hare rmn1ing
siter for drinkin.s ;767.1 of theproject populnation hare drinking
vater from machinery wells ,aaongwhich !L3fXiZ b)elonging tO
scattered rater distributtion . Vith relntive complete vater
suppl.y and dravina.qe srsteu, Anxi countr . .rumenCity and TrneR
Townsolved problem or water supply and waste water disposal
Thlearea basicall.r formed garden greening system with tree arond-
roads and hones -

3.2.4 relics and historic sites

Cultural
'ith a long history .the ancient .Silk hlkd tratel;throb.qh
this area ,accnrding to the unearthed artifacts , 40o0 years ,ago
at theSew Stone Age ,this area had huinan acrtivities . the
ancestors created rich and colorful ancient culture . up to nor
rrneartihed relics including: Ancient Fan tomb , grotto . rack
Parintin ,ancient great wall beacon tower etc. These relics are
advantageous for tourism' - See table 3--7 . According .to present
planning . crultnral relics and historic sites will not he
aFrreted hb thre pr-oject

Mineral resources
3.2. M
Theproject airea is richin mineral resources .- t present
prorren ore deposits are 32 spots with wore than 10 varieties in
fini County .E£tractire quantityr of deposited wirabilite is 100
million kg ,iton is 1.26 billion kg, grade is .53t . Besides
deposits of iron gold , copper ,gypsuw cormndrm .lixestone
etc. with considerable ettraction ralue

3.2.6 health
People's
In the projefct area , Chansnmairrigation nistrict as the
representative . mainbIsr includes Tumen Tormw , haha 0
,Hnrangzharrvan.Liuhe , Chansoa Tornslip . From 1.6.9 -- 19.91 total
aecturulatire population of the 5 tosnsldps are 6.115485 million

Korbidit.r rate in the first ,secondl and third places in

sequence are d1igestire diseases , tra umatic poison and in.jury
respiratory disnascs . Details see table .3 -- S

-6i
Tabie3'-- 7 Layout o-u tourisw resourecb in the
three main irrioation districts

Irrigation district I Toiship I Naive I Eva I Location

1. ChanguaIrrigation District *
Shidunzi RockPainting I in lanano ,ountain I Changna
Yinpogao

ChanganBridge Stele I Oin.9Dynastr I near Chan.9valEdrolog.r

I Station , in Clhangan

Sanjiatans Lusouli Rock Painting / ging Dynastv / Shuixia rillage

tiaiiao Grotto I Northern kel I Shui.ria No.4 Brigade of Changai
fae FengsuaiTowbi (ing Dynasty I in rest bank of the dam. Changisa
General Tomb I D.m BeiTelazi . in Changsa
- -- -- - - - - -- - - - - _ _ _ __ _ _

ronsbeitang Ruins INewStone Age I faitutang ,in Chlngma

Township
TheJade EmperorPavilion I Qing Drnastr I in JimeoNeo.2Yiddle
I School yard
_, …__-____-_-_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ … -

7Taerwrn City I fing Dynastv I in Taerwarnrillage of .Tiaxilza-

Ran Dynasty Ruins /Ran/ Dongfenggo.4 Brigade of Liube Township

iiaoen Temple I 106 n aray fror the railrw in Bonsfens
Xo..4
idvisade of Liube Township
Lianzisoutan I HanBynasty 1 2 kIt frog Dongfen.qXo.4 Brigade
i of Huan.qzhaan Tornship

Side wall of 14 don north side I HanDynastv 1 200 m from 14 din

, Huanuzhawan Township
2. Ruahai Irri.sation District (fluahai Tobnship J

Ancient Great VailI HanDynastr t 20 km froffm uabai township

3 As fromroudun
BeisbawoBroken cityi Qing Dynasty!
Sliaolian Ruins I NewStone Age I km frov Nanqu Fillage
- - -- - -- - - - - -- __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- -__- - _--

GroupTombsof San.gedun
I HanDyn7asty
115 km from Tiaohu
3. Shuangta Irrigation District;
Piling Grotto, namedas ThousandFuddhaGorge1 76 km-row Anxii-
ICounDt in protection area
* 62-
 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

East Gianfo Grotto / Vest IlaDynastsyI Changsbanziprotection

I area . Giaozi Township-
__ - _- -- - -_- - _ _ _-__
-_ -__ _-_-___ _ _ _ _ _ __---_ _

Jianquanzi Grotto 1 12kA alay. in protection area .Qiaozi

Grotto I in protection area ,ash!
Itanxia Township
Suoy.an.mCityRuins (namedas Iuy,u
City) I in protection area,
/iaozi lTonship
RuinsI NewStone Age to GingDywasty
Tubulu I in protection area
ShumangtaVillage

Eu)luJi City I in protection area ,Bulunji Township1 akm

- :
Nin An Countr Ruins I 8 km away roMQiaozi Township
Jinchansjun Ruins I-est Jin Dynasty / Iiaojiadi (prptection
- area ) .Qiaozi
.Suo-angrheng Group Tombs I Suorangcheng ( protection area)
; in Qiaozi Township
Qinaoan So I Ve Jin Tomb I Ieixinaobe , Qiaozi Tosnship
Bir)nail Yadan I 9 km aivm- from Buluni highway narrow section
(along Ga.uin Highwny (protection area )

Srtnrnchen.gSouth Tadnn / (Protection area ) .Qioazi Tormnship

* 63 -
 rahle 3 - 8

Statistics on various & morbidity I death in villages of

Changavatrrigation ilsst.ict from 1989 -- 19.91

Item I orbidity / death

I people lrate(1)00069lorderl peoplel 'ate(l/l00600)
order
Total 1 4338 375.63 1 / 7 / 0.84 1/ -
-- …-- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

digestive %rseAr / 1135 1 38.28 1 .1 1 , 1 0.08 I

traiwatic & injur,rI 789 1 68.32 1 2 / 14 / 0.12 I 3
respiratory / 636 1 55.07 I 3 / 14 / 0.12 / 3
contagious diseasel 370 1 32.04 1 4 1 4 1 0.03 1 5
cardiorascular d. / 313 / 27.62 1 5 1 27 I 0.23 1 1
-…- -----
=___
- --
~~~~~~~~~~~~___________
. =_____ ______ ________
________T
…----…-

gvjnecologrdiseasel 219 I18.76 6 1 1 0.01 1 6

.rinary tract dis.I 198 1 17.15 1 7 I 1 1 0.01 / 6
nerrous disease 1 163 1 14.63 / I 4 0.03 / 5
tumordisease 1 163 / 14.11 / 9 I16 f 0.14 1 2
dis.
circulatory 1 118 / 10.22 / 10 I 1 J 0.0 1 6
skin snbfcutaneous1 62 1 5.37 I 11 1 1 I 0.01 6
tissuie disease I I t I I I
blood disease I 53 I 5.11 1 12 1 1 1
mental diseases I 42 I 3.64 1 13 I 1 I

endocrine disease I 39 1 3.38 / 14 1 0.01 1 6

prenatal'disease I 20 11.73 115 / 4 1 0.03 1 5

64 1
 From1.986---J)920, R tj17peinfectious diseases are ns folloWs
dysentery . hepatitis ,scarlet eriuption . per tussis ,tirphoid
ferer and epjidemic cerebrospinal] ireningitis .Jrci.etnce feature of
infectiotis diseases is less than disense narietr with high
morbpidityrPate . Ai'erageincidence 1/100000in 5 years is 516.27
.Plaque is caused frow actire touich ( peeling eat tho )on
-irfecting animal ( stichas ffiaaln,rantuarant J . only few case
Fndemirc goiter , lcal - fluioride . Irndzinski's sign-and)
hydatidosis are distributed in Anxi and lbuAen . In Changma
Towrnbshipreservoir submerging area gainly hare endMaicgaiter and
Iradzinski's sign . According to statistics of 1.9.0 , total
morbidity rate ( 1/1000 ) of the above disease is 60.89 , amron.9
whyich , 21.37 endemic gniter ,21.1M local fluoride disease,
0.50rRrudzinski's sign . nrhbiditr rate or hrdatidosis is 3. r5,
high rate of firndzinski's sign and yrdatidosis pirernifling in
aiwim.,
1.
Statistics froR 15.86---1987shows that : average population
lire is 71J17 years , for m7le is 70.315 rears ,for female is
72.05 years . Because of rediral health derelopment and birth
control, population age structure starts to chang7ingfrom yroung
to robist ,and death rate is gradually redtuced (3.56/1006 deaItf,
rate in 1.87)

3.3 Analysis on environment status

.1.3.1 Review on historic and present enrironment problems
Shule in Songolian language means abimndant rwaterand
luxurian t grass in ancient times nomadic tribes -livJedin this
.

place . From Iestern HtanIs nasty started large scale agriculture

development , from then on this areal frectae key gtrain production
base for successive dynasties ./ifs
historic situation shiorns
tf/t: Cultivated land were small rithl large barren land ,suall
amount oragriculture population .lovwyield rwithcoarse farming
,io, utilization rate of Rlter resources . .SomeAfnter resources
facilities in Yuren and Anxi were burilt durinq ng d.r-nast.r
Ancient Environment prnblem caused hy huimanactirities are
shoan as follons
.a. Destror of ;arter resources. con,servation forestr.r: It is
obserrved that t.his sftershed area 86 --.97 % of river flow are
rechar.ged hy forestrr conserving snow and rain ,snor ice wetting
accounting for 14 of recharge . In ancient tine , Oili7an
AYountains are a high cold humidrorestry area .lecause of w-ar
a,buse cutting and reclamation ,forestry were nearlyt nothing left:
; and caused river now seriously lost control . Climate became
at-id with reduction of precipitation ,a lot of inland river
becare dryrirer .faturaldisasters , strch as wind .sand
droiught, beil etc , are freqrrently happened .

* 65
 b. lann, in antcietntirrigation district becamedesert: Some
anrient agrielnitare a7ren,suich as GuangzhlC'untr' ( Poclenazi in
Adis!' ), SnoJT,ncheng
-, Juping Counkvts (ro ichenzi J . were
rfrsertified . s.ome s.nivpland , sIICIt as HIlrvilz . gradul1 ;-
hecamp desert due to water blockm9e-in ipstrea.-
C. Aggravation of soil salinity: Tlhisarea Is cnxiasedlor
someclose inland basins( sttrh as Chlrijn-- 1itlhaMlbasin, An,xi
hassin) , salty hater werenot drained well ,depressionareas
calleefted salt,r water , resetstfon were damranged; ithout Wbater
resources , liandbecave saline land .
Sonre
mainexisting erlrornmeultproblems
a. leak ecological1structure corponentin mtheproject nrea
First . aren ofrgob desert arcornts for o66.7 .X of total lind
areas, it is difricult to use the land , it create difriculties
in godt! ecological circulating . Second , area of forestry and
graze land only accounts for 22.68X or the total Ilnd . noonn
which , artificial forestrr area accounting for 5.ZnX or' total
forestry area . mAreanf irtriciial graze land accountsror h.68&
of the totat graize land. Area of barren grassland accountsf'or
.5.J. oftnt'.
Or grassland . Third ,are.7 of cultirated land
accoun11ts
for 2.26K of total land in the project area.
b. Xew ernironment becoming desert duJe to improper
uitization or water resources: Distributing titch water for
agriculture .no water for forestry, and animal hushbnndtrr.vitlrnut
unified planning ol' surrace water and-undergroundwater in upp&r
and loer reaches . some natur.al forestrr and grass Aere damaged
to diti'erenit extent .regetatinn in the banks of ShuleRirer old
course .arebeing gradualLyredutced

c. A4hrse wood cutting and grazing caused nrironment

desertification.

3.3.2 Analysis on physical env-ironmentstoits

ifain characteristics of physicalcondition in tire pro.ject
area are shown as ro)lows
a. iand sourcesadvantage: with great derelopjTent potential
there is M.2285million hA barren land ..acounttino for 5.2
t jmes of existing irriLa ted area, and most land tordt in in the
middle and lower reachesof Shuile irer, terrain is flat .with
ijtegyrat area . favorable for irrigation deep soil a,yer with
good texture r sandy soit siuitable ior I'arminr: harren landf
acl$icent to h7nfer sources .Disadvantagebfrws th,at: large area
of solonchak wit.h lor rertilit 80.3il of the prnopord barren
.,

land has soil improtement prehlem . with heavy task of .leachi n.

arid comprehensive harnessing . Fmigrant area has no hackrup
sonrces with deePp 9ul.l and serionrs soil and water loss

I~ ~ ~ ~ ~~6 a
 b,. Climate advantage : dequate sun.sslope and rici brt.
accumulatire temperatulre greater than -6r;C is .72M1--3877
Annun,,J
C ;aMiiitl vtemperaItire gre.iter than ID C Js 28.) --
accUMn IlPP
3611 C -. This area belongs to nationn hish ralue atre ol'
sunshine houtrs ,it is suitable fror growing tempernatecr<aps(
wheat , corn . cotton ) anid forage grass ; tvorrablc lor
photosynthesis and accumulatlion. Clinmatedisadvantage: itense
eraporation , sandy wind,-dry heat rind, frost, these elements
affect normal growth of comenrx crops
c. Derelopment potential of i.nter resources is Gqreat
,per

capita water resources possession is. .9312 3 * that is 6.9 tinaes

or' tlat in the whole province .and 3.3 tines of that in the whole
countr,r . .irersion utilization rate of surface hwter -( 41. 77 ) is
low . Water resotircePs disadvantage: ihalance -of water
distribiution , poor tndergroundwater quality in -lower reache.s
.Shortage of water in exigrated area
d. Conforming rith cliate', biological structure-in .l1is
areais simple with scarce animal and resetation ; backward
.
fishery Shelter forest ry system in oasis are relatively
couP Ite , Pla.ring significant role in -irrproving ecological
env,ironment and agricillture condition . Vegetation in emigrated
,ecosrster
area is seriously damNaged circulates in bart way.

.3.3.3 Analysis on social environwent status: -.

Social condition or the project area are shownas folloss: -

a, Lowpopuilation densityr, rast land and less popurlation;

shortage of labor'force is farorable for imrigrant developoent
Disadvantage is that : poor quality of present labor force
,shorfage of agriculture techlnician .51gh population density and
surplus labor force in emisrateid area
In.Agriculture equipment levelis high.Totalfrarm nachinery
motive parer is 0.14 million k* avrerage
iJr 0.33 ksha for land
cultivation , comparing with prorincial lerel one tiseshigher
.Agiriculture power consumption is ?Z78.8kwh ,- in arerage .9.3kwil
/as ; cnoparing with provrincial level2 times hisher . itlls
complete sets of various tractors, among existing soring area,
area of machinery ploughing accounting for 94t ;area of mchinery
sowing accounting for 731, area of xachinerr harvesting accounts
for 861tof'hbeat plzatation area.
c. Conenient transportation : Lanxin railway and highway
travel tIhrough the project area , township level big/hwaform a
cross--- cross . State run factories and miningfactories and
industry cities are loca ted in thisarea, wirchprovide good
markets for .sale of agriculture products .and by - products . Asia
-- Europe Continental Railway prorides a solden ,opportunity ror
det-elopment of agriculture and mineral resources , tourism and
e,porting for foreign currenc.y. I

*- e--;-
 e. Theproject area belongs to part 4of. the parbolrincini
comtercial grain base , it ffis also rich region of' &ilnsun'.
Province . Fro-i1.980-- 15.90agriculture gross produet vwJueIs
Inri-eased hy 6.8% In avrerage A Annualarerage Orain outiputtis
inrreased by 4.997? . Rural social gross Product 1'nliw grows 3.3
times , per dapita Income Increases 3.5 tines . Per capita wrain
possession is 2 tInes higher titan tte national Jere] . In 1sh
provided 41.32million kg conmercial grain , *ith 54 of
commodity rate . Commodi
ty rate of sulgarmaterial oil atfera1,1
xelons andfruits . vegetable and rish is 45 -- 81% . Ptoduction
structure or agriculture, Ibirestry and anian hushandrr-is. :
tending reasonabler, with good circulati.on of agriculture and non
- agriculture indutstries .

e. Since the found or PRC, a large numberof wpter resources,

olts weereconstructed . Large scale water storage works , such
as ShunnutaReservoir , Chijin Reservoir, play a decisive role in
agririllture production . But at present they need to he
perfected dtueto stiortage of water storage works ,with poor
regulalion and storage capacit; . with incomplete canals , a,ged
..nd damagedstructures , with low utilization rate of canna
sstems .e

68

I . .

* 68~
 jiroamen!ta (t'etl a
1. ri,,; coluler
rd weasuies

1.}i Aftr!t on lialPl* 1't.IIICrms

I.1.1 .Attrrl on suirt"i11rr'aatr',Vf

v,!'r eq11br

Iftrl rnjle( ionl at project

t(li' ,Slmute Rilrer h1a1ter.aJtla/
tili..l llii JO illio[n :J lo :ifiWf
quanniO r,illhe in,r,wiased fromt;i420
millitin :P3 ( l-.511.
/1etaiJs fil' inter e 'nrernner firrarialns
iririations15 diir-iri.c sc tahle J--I. Surfarce inter Fitilizatitin
rat'. hill
b be imjprod
jfrom r . 7? to 8.9.SZ .. lnin!t displrate t,
r.aJ in (lmhantigt ,.rserunir . ShiPuo(gt,2 Rosrm
r ir and tlu .i
Nv,w1ji ir ilan pr,fusr,Zm eff( et lerrc,hvtl ot, iin iarmal h,7t11',1iThtiI
.lild w? t .i7lrv eb'aand ifta rjrirltturr and iJdiIusir1 il dlnrit/f-rut

irp irlwfmlnt of h,ter

,iltl) jCr,e-)S ces ili t i
if7 a"ll
. w-Irf
h;auF
a,!' reduerd. is!;ar. 11 iliration nfwtriciwta (ir ranals
rit I lic- iaqirf;i it rom,,l, Ist s i nn 1).13. --- 6. -1.9 t . G .Grtsq
iit rigal
gt orl
nnorsa I si/I hr dec't-r 5esd fi-lr ri. isf in:) m3/hn.7
15.??l
.If undiiiIo *PJZ'5-_-_- JlRi5 :3 . .SVer/able 4-2 .

i;lt'
Ta / -,,' flmprisen (seiritneit cnal attiolin trion

{t/
r-I{?eset rs? iv *nI
7! eI atil mu non

[fro rann) / Gross norm /

e'nrfi,hijent r et narml

liz/i /I I mS/ru /w.

TIis!in,; I n0.
M1 -0.1. / 3117
-- 17'50 I /817--5t'll

..lan.ini I 0. / 39. .65 -. . .' _1 I.t._

li-inT I jitin I irio tit' SJplI't * aftIr rcmpler1trionitl '-f 'hallnfJfI.?

h's :^*fr itt- Tr,,7a-t c rcg, s tiiikIT,! viim. r1f. jn flit,e' riairi-t holtc'l iIl
1'. 1rpvv;ud *and jpror jiri adr-qua
Pr in/er fori fhtiangm.it
..Slian:jla aidi
h
lhr/.ha ilrig't iill dPisir'4 ts ( i1jrilstirlnll indfus!- I af.-eIr! ),
s Illa ivs h -u ea1/Cr shi'rt'aoe il, 1tiner I (.I'fches rtill hr rh/l.angai
,1, jiirish dfistrihnitfJ"i,i ,'f h;lrv . From poirt t irj, ,f t i7r e
`Ji;flItx.7 Riser; i i' a-n
C1"1I rhauge iwba lainc1r-' oft' antnual'
I .fatrL'
itfi', s fr simr?River
,ti 'IIiIr ;i, f ,o7Ilnd irn,v irriv.zl/ly dI- ivruldir
'Ibffrrrn.llt hid .11 j',-srt
{11'e jf:r . hi111101 ('fltlny,
iJ?tia fCrIf-r -ir in
q.'flr.f:tn.
o z a ;a
of :al,'T rfuh is iny natural sfatsi * i.72 of flu'h
rust' cut
"rfir: f in
i turlr - 5cpfcwi/brr ; 6illt ext -reml' iMbaJr- ill a
*'. ,Vl?
in irsri:jn t'ritical
-Fl peri i ri: Ym -- .h'rid ,nata7111l
O'iv^ ,J.i' aIren-mltsfumr; 1S.I2 tf ;un,utm, rClo . i-riigalionr dePmtan iut
1
t! huis ptr writarvmisls for: un nr fIomt,il mIn de.mind. Therefore'
, if ic di C ll ' Idt.7 I;Z/ 11ii/r di.spat0ch manane t in1 thte

Ii ij; rft.- iv rles I1/ia. rI ist rir usf tiC

ion str t(Prte'ur-cs' .Silw'
A; t -rshvrl
e|; i I A. i t ime .and sjiorr hi II h ' esrarb1
Olt 1t, for
'y'r irdrftareu nd i1drdst
r, iofI
product , hr' 1ussilrb I,(,e c. l jf4r

6_
 .able 4 -- I

Utilization quantity of surface

water existence &prediction

Item I present IPlredictionl recarks

Indirstrial ?atprsupply 1 0.4i 0.83 I rater suppir for industry
-------------- ------------------------- ensure rate LOOt
Changma Irrigstion District 1 3.4 t 5.08 1
_ -___… -- _-- _ --
___--------- --- I
ShuangtaIrrigation District! 0.4 / 2.54 1 50Sof ensure rate for.
=----…---- -------- I agriculture
P.uahaiIrrigation District I / 0.61 1

--- ------------ -- - - - - -
*70
dispatchl itadmaongeient of water resourwces ,anl will rreat e
conditions to tdvielop arlificial oases in middtle' and bo6er
reaches

1. 1.2 Affect oniundergroundrat er r1esourres

After rupl'etion of rhnnjg.a Reservoir andtt otlier haler
facilities ,wiflt re'gulation ot S/nle Riter rrandimlprovexentof
the watershed water utilization rate , undlergiounitdr,ater recharge
will lie. redutcedS. Thereroore underground' mater utilization
ef/rcienc.r ill be, iwptrorrd . According to estivating
infiltrtion in thalngu Irrigaltion District will redtuce 8r5ldue
to0 shift of ri:er water ;although inti/tration ofr canal isaIer
increases 73? tvmidetrroutnd ater -recharge will bte reduced to
15.. . hith transfer of water to ShtnangtaIrrigation District
,uniderground latvr:recharg.)ewill reduce ..4? due to improremen f
ao *ranalSSwI.se . t;ndergrousndhater recharge in Hunain Jrrip. tion
District will reduce 23* . See table 4-3

Taible4--3 Changeof undergrounditn'rr rechlarn

e

-( l million :13, ear

Mt J

irrivation /Iresent I Infiltrattion after projeel coupletion

dir&trict / .
-------- - - - …-- -…-- ---- -- --- - …-------

/ river I canal I field I flood I total

-- ---- _ __
------------- __ _ _---- ---- --------------- ------ _ -_- -----

Liranviga / 7.84 .0.81 / 2.17 // 0.79 1 0.25 1 4.117

h11angta / 2.06 1.0 / 14.44 | 0.36 1 1.87,

----- ----------
…--- ---------------

luahlai 1 1.27 / 10.30 / 0.14 1f 0.53 1 0.3s

7otaI I / I / I a.8&8.

In total 37.4Z will be reduced wit/i coupletion of thle

project anid redistribution.

It is necessary to exploit unidergrounidwater to sulplpllement

inadequac.rof river water. Undeurgoundwater e.xploitaltion ri iI
be adjusted froa existing 235 otillion o3 to 113 million N3 *among
Irrigation District , 36 millinn
which 68,3 million P3 in hlanngua
D3 in Sbuana.ia Irrigalion District , 8.2 villiin .,3 in I/Uahai
Irrisa tion District
Ulndergroundr water resources exploitation Is /p to natural
r'psourres andi eVploitationl Cinditions , relating with certain
walr,r Pxploitaltion plan .%vploilatiou practice or IIihei in
Shii.ang Lirer watershed shaos that :e.iploitation or runterground
kater not o(nly re/iwuce SI'lIIg witer ,17ut it also tiafes in:vrlid
* 71 -
eivaporlfion of phreatic -iter in otertflo- zone .Theeforet
beforetetndergromund
hvter exploitilig ,surface iher utilization
sinatupmutstbe considered ,to ensureninmiaw spiii)g wavti'r.
Becauiseof r edtuction of undergroundwafer rechIar)Le,springy
water snurcesin this area will he decreased .But in someplares
spring r[iter will increase hille in other 'laces spring hater is
decreased . In the , ear of 1.9.90sa inrgranter sources is 271
gillion aS , am.long wiicl .au'uflow of Panjiazhullmg spring zone
in NanyanIown is 145 millioin tS , accounringfor 542 of total
aotflow in the area ;ne.t is Beishibe otitflow zone ,accounting
for 2LX . After colmletion of Cianugaproj;ect in the 10th year
spring waler in the watershed will decrease 27 milJion .3 , .2
million n.1 for Panjialzhumngzone , 4 million uS for t Beislhihe
slpring z20e , accotmting for 22.03t and 5X respectively . Dut-
spring znne in the we.;stside of Panjiazhuan ., its witer will lie
increasedl /by million ux due to infiltration of canals. Slpring
hitel dirlsion ill Sh1uantntIrifgtion District is 3i tilllion M.?
Petails on underground wa?terexploitation refer to table 4-4

Tahle l--4 Unldet3rgumdsater exploitation coxparison

( tuit: 100 million 3 )1
Item PreseuL estifflating
whaterrecharge
Utnderground 11.8 6.89
water division
Unstderground

Spring -nter 1.87 0. 7.7

Fell exploitation 0.18 0.40

lotal 2.35 1.13

4.1.3 Analysis on supply and deand of water sorirces derelopcent

'In accordance withl the project planning , up to t.ie voar ot
200 ,tottal water sources to lbe needed is ).127 hillion uS
*amony which. 5.13 millinn uoS for grain crops , 156 million vS
for cash crop .27.5Aiilioi ut fori forest-r, grass and enviroinsent
, .S3.tilion S.1for industriy ,1 million itS for people and aninal
,1rinkinig , S millioin t f'or rural eniterprises .Jomalexisting
stirrace w;itersources is 1.082 billion r3 . amongwhich 1.031
biillionrfrog Shule Rfier , 51 million x3 from Chijiy Ri;or z, 689,$
nillion S nof repetition runderground water . Supply qual,ntity
or
the A,atershedis 1.151 billion a3, amonigwhicht, 970 millionx W or
surf-ace water . 21ti million xi of underground ratler. After
balancehZetreensuplyllrand demand,snrplus of supply Jailer-is 21
millioni t.7, includfing 1SO wrilliooltg3 of relturn-ater in C(lngm.'
7rrijantinnDistrir ttofta? surplus supplywater in the h7atersIrdi
is 1.5f 'ill)irlhn 3.? . According to alieat irrig.ation normtnst
*wheat irrigation normill groling period is 3750 --- .525 ru.lha
* 72..
* t total vater demand of Drain crolps in the 3 irriganl ion-
distriets is 357 500 imillion m3 ,and 93 -- 236 -million
w.3
iii ter can lhesared . rn total. surpusof sup-ply'ater is 21- 17
--,o0 million m3, vith reduction of rctiurn wrater .fJilnn) surlu1s
kr.lter is 177 --- 260 million # ,the praject atlor)s water frt-
unforeseen cireacstLances

4.1.4 Elvluation conclusion

a. Const.risctinnor ClanlugaReservoir in the upstrear of Shule

firer reill change time and spacedistribution of nat u llrunoff'
or the river .and utflizaltion rate of surface rater' will he
lapiOf
od fromx existing 41' 7Z to 89.8 , with reasonable
exploitation of tunderground 6ater in the 3 irrigatiion districts
,to, rperice waste of' s1ater The project wil 1 reach the voal t-
-

reasonab.ly eelop
r siater soiuces , and a1lows for unforesern
r.ircuu4stnces

Tine and space redistribution nr w ater sources is

b.
faiorahie for agriculture an!rf industry production , to nerwl
increase 54600 ha of irrisated area, to resettle 0.2,illiou
immigrants from poverty areas of Gansu Proi-ince i1th great
social and economiceffects.
c. Full ultilizationl of water sources rwill ensulre ecological
ronstfrwrtion of .98200hauland sand expandexisting oases towards
dlesert to fororfived oases ecosystem . Rensonable decrease or
spring water diversion will protect v-egetatinii g9roat in spring
zone ; w,ell sater eAploitalion rill redfiuce salinifly in saline
land areas .TTla project will produce sivnifirant ecological

d. Time and space redistribution of w.atersources will

produc'e adrerse rffect of undernrorund
-Redurtion rinter suiplyr
will cause change of water table , this will arffect resetanUon
and soil , and cause had emniironmenid problems , such as
aggregnition of. salinity dlue toyrfse of water table, soil
erolnuion to desertification (fdleto All oif waler table along
S'astle River stc. flnorver Ij,r aeans of lproject constriuelton
serrv stra corstric1tion and management etc ,the~se etriromre'it
prutalve'can hievnntroolled , and adtversealfetct can be reduced nr
renmoe'!. For exxalple , irrigation w-ithwell wa er wcl/2drainage
andtoWter drainagemeasturescan be takLenin fthearea rithb rise of
water tfable ;artificial irrigation cansolve problem in the arPea
withi drtp of water tablef

1.1.5 Yensures randtechnrical requitrerent on hater sources and

dispatchl
a. Study optimized plan for joint di:sp7atchiOr rharagma
;Shlmanptfaand Cllijin reserroirs-, to ftll- use surfare hator . and
rs.asonb ly1,exploit undergroundw-aitel,to coiiti-ol rise and fall oif
being desertifict.jtin
h-nter fable , toi prfl-eent soil from?

* 73.
 . 1" - -

Ih. Because vf Lanxin r.mUi wamand highwrayacross the- projerf

area in the downstream of' ChangimReservoir , Pr7. ltion .of IJben
Town.l
anId2 resettlemvent commtnities ,flood prerention miust
(be
ronsidered in doansrPe-armareas . - -

4.2 frrect on inter quimlityof suritee AM-ter-

D7etalls refer Ito table 4 -- 5

The table sIoss : Storage A-arks and esxpli tation
1of
- fter can improre surface water qlia)1ly ; soae a7e-r
anidleror-7untid
'rfor lr, clhing to enter Smrn3tia Reservoit -.and increase of
populn tion iwillproduce aidverse affect on swf;7ce vater.
t.t J .4nralyrsis-on aff'ect: -

a. arfect analysis tof'domestic sewage on sun'face iater

.According
to the plrojcet plan , 11e imiggrant arrea will
estatblishl 16 township>s , consisting of 160 production teams , to
recel -e 0. 2 milIlIion peo>ple . It is planned to concenl ratedly
CApin it deep urnderg romid water for donestic usag7e.Domestic
se-wage will tiespJashed or userd for greenin!J . Someof' lomest-ic
sc-rage will tie eraporated and i/filtrated ; organic matters s-ill
he dissolved in soil . Theerefore domestic sehvge will not
directly relate with surface water , that is resident domestic
saler will notfaffect surwtce water in dry areas
Ih. Affect on S/Wjon Firer a.ndirrigation district
PresentShidyouRirer is seriousl,r polltted ,and it can not
meet requirement or protection objectires .lfter harnerssingoll
pollidItonof Shi,vor River ( plarnnedbh-1.5538) .wawter quaithronf
SIivjoit Firer' can be thoroughly imlprored,saWer quallit- will inot
on.ly meet reqiuirementof denleoawentfumction butt.it can also
mreetrequtirementof protection rtr.jectives
According to the project plan on ka er resourres , it is
plannted to entlarge anjd reitnild Shiiuha contr-ti-ahncecanal *Lo
in-rrase anniuil water Irox eristing 20 million mtO3to ri1 Million
O7, Tlwreeforewaler quality tif Cli init Riv'er-Fill tie imapoved duo2
to.incre.-ase of water diltition . At present ,oil in tire is bater

0.'7? 'au IL , contetit ol mercuryis 0.OD1ZmgIL ,nll reaching

gradle r-standard It is measured that : long term average fohw of
-

Chijin itrt is 1. tri3 O/s ; average lvo- nofSIiUIIMcanal is

1.3 a3/s . Content of oil oat1ter af Chijin Firer is decreased hr
0.36 ug/L , reachins grade 1t' standarfd content of fi is
decreased hr 0.a000 m;/I, reaching grade IF standard . Therefore
alter corplet ion of tJre project, r
water enrirnorent ofliJin
* Iirver can he improred
*. Affect oil water quality of' ,Siyi'vouRiv-er salerslred
irrigation dtistrict:
A' l-nehing andf drainage wsill efllert water quaitily of
Strzangia Reservoir :
, 74.-
Table.4 5 Spot of affect on sutrface waterquality

Item project scale A indes affecton surfacewater

I. sater
resources can improvesurfacewater
works quality
of loverreaches
works tonewlyconstruct
1. storage
Chansaareservoir
1.94aillion53 total
storagecapacityr
2. powersurks to newLy build3 poser
stations,vith 0.305 million
kw installation capacityo
kt7
m of 35 kv power -
line , 5 transforAer stations
3. waterintake to newlyconstruct
canalswith658.9 kw
lOs ,to enlarse 106.6ke

4.drainage works to newly construct 4 drains, potential affect

66.5 a ,to enlarge 23 ks , on Shuangta
I drain to Shuansta reservoir water
5. underground to newly dig 1610mechanical improve potable
wells water qualift.
sater exploit -
ation
II. reclamation to newlr reclaim some leaching water
54600 ha barren affects Shuangta
land reservoir rater
III . resettlement 0.2 nillion xigrants splash of dail-
to newly establish 16 senage water
townships .160 production
brigades
ir. forestry to close 0.6495 million ha forestry
networks for water conservation ; to close
construction 2.20G5million ha sand vegetation
forestryr; 13900ha farm forestry belts
V. agriculture 4 torenship technical service stations
service 16 farm machinery service stations
system 2 county lerel seed companies
16 pumnpinsstations
16 forestry service stations'
6 natural forestry protection stations
16 animal husbandry stations
2 aquatic production stations
various stations produce
small amount of sewuse.

* 75 -
Table 4 fi

Forecastimnof water qualitsy on Slunnllta Reservoir

in different reclamation duration

Disposal area I Qidirntang --- iaoman I

Realainble area (10000 ka) / 1.40 I
Area of salt renoral (1OOOha) / 1.011
Salt removal quantitvr (100 wilion kg) I 20.61 f

Reclaxation duration (jear) | 8 1 10 1 12 1

Annual salt into reservoir(100 ril Ak) / 2.576 1 2.061 / 1.718 1
laterquantity flow into reservoir 3 )
106000 I I I
------- …----- - -- --- ,

Sub - total 116968.2 116756.9

1 16616.1 1
Pelivery waterquantity / 15912 1 15912 1 15912 1

Plraised water into reservoir 11056.2 1 841.91 704.1 /

Increase of mineralization (W/LJCq / 1518 11.230 1.034 1
-------- ----- -----

Estiwated ralue of Nineral C= C# 22.28 I 1.29 1. 796 /

76-
Table4 -- 7 Forecasting on environweit capacit. -
of Shuanstareservir

ten Actual Predicting Discharge Increase &

concentrat)ion A
allowable(k,gdY0 decrease
of reservoir discharse ht_ 1T)
tile inflow V
ckg/d)

Iteo, , - - .
80D5 1.83 12744.288 805.654 634
f1 38.

cop 2.37 .90841.44 3376.256 f87465.144

00 8.5 - 3791.0

F 0.4 72768.096475.01 + 72283.086

As 0.004 5558.405 3.3 + 5555.105

phenal 0.001 121.536 0.23 * 121.306

CN 0. 00t' 5.990.415 0.47 + 5989.935

Cd 0.002 483.84 1.9 + 481.94

Pb 0.11055 5318.405 12.3 * 5306.105

Cu 0.0180 118608.038 20.6 J1)8586.4.91
Za 0.1490 102888.096 76.8 * 102811.296
HS 0.00003 e 2438 0.00 * 2.438

* 77.
 Nain affect is that salt,r hater in southwest part Qidiatalln.
-- RniiinjiOf Cansa1n Dr:iHatioll District affect hwaterqualilt ol'
ShaMn3ta Resertoir . Salt content to he drained into Slmunmn.l
Reservoir b,ir leaching on thatI piece or solined l.7and refet to
table .1-6 .

In consider.atioji of 8 , 1t and 12 .enrs leachina duraition

Year by year ot iffterent areas .Alter conpletion of (hanvmna.
Reservir ,urain F;rter suppl,r or Shuangta Reserroir is ialer
Con -eyance frron CManua? Reserroir ,lenching time foi saliined lInd
is July-- Septeormbe erery year . In this period ,according lo
waterbalancere3uglation Ca7lcIlatJion . P= .50? to cn e.r' 1.5.17.12 ,

oilt ion m,7 hater to Shuatigta feserroir ,altoptiny linear mixfIns

hasic model , xinerali7.ation iup.ict of Shuziot.a Reserroir during
dirffcrct reclTamation meriod Itoi Julr to Septextber nan he
prediclert .Dletails refer lo tahJe 4 -6.
Tattle .1-6 stit)iW :1n 10 years perit7d in July 1o.
.Septealher ,rmidercontinuous leaching ,incraiization degree of
$heianstaReservoir (an seet demand of farzr irrisltion vater
standard

A .1ffect on Slr,anyta Reserioir and other rowterqu,ality index

Capacity of .01Y5in SAbuangtaRese roir is 12744.3kg/day
,aftcr completionl of the project it will he 805. 7 kg! day . Tlhere
is J.171lkg o.rgen in the water arailablle for consuyrption.
cltails refer to table 4-7 .
Recent monitoring results from inlet and outlet of .S/iuangla
Erserroir shoms reserroir affect on surl;ace water is tending
at oralite reasonable water utilization pl.an
.So willnotproduce
attSrCSeaffect on)wIter quai ty of .SumanstaReservoir

1.2.2 Evaluation conclusion:

.. D7oaesticseiave iill not affectl srfr7ce hrter.
h. Corpietion of' Shtuuta
canal is atkoralule
for iampt-mimvcnt

of w-aterquality beJowCliijin Reservoir .

c. LP,achinUFinter frou new reclaimable landl around Qiduntang
- Ruiitji in Chanlara Trriga tion District is d1zainedinto
Shnianota Reserroir . Tn 10 years duration, ith ctntinuous
leaovidg drainage in every Jutly to Septtefflher , vineralization
jIr fIx 'of SlhnanltaReserroir , according to prediction results
can satistr hi'th irriyation standard .

1.2..1(rminter seasurrs

78
a. Tn consideration or present surface water- slat us, it is
recommended
to perform specific poilution prerentian pollcr on.
ShiyouRiver agai.nst pollution, and those whopolluted the riIre
Austharnesspollution ha tliexselJies
1h. Local environment maonitor departments must continuousij-
perfo-rm oPiitaring on planned sectiion in ShlrJe Rier and Shi7to
RIvere.
c. Detafled soil investigation must be carried ourtin the next
design phase , to adopt procedutres of agroiculture derelopment andlt
gradual remoralof salt ,to properly arrangeleaching time and
bater consumptionnworkout pr-actical derelopment Plan, meanhilile
ID leaching . period , strengtlen monitoring vork, nf
mineralization of leaching water inflow the reservoir mnmid
outflow the reservoir ,tto ensure water quality of Shuangi.-
leserritir to meet ara irriga?tiondemand.

4.3 Affect on lthrogeology

4.3.1 Forecast on rater table
Hydrogeological unint area of the planned Chanomaand Shuansta
irri.gation districts is 4250 and 2850 kmZ respectively, with
large area and compliscatedunderground rater conditions ,with
d-ynamic series obserration information, summarizedas non- stable
planconforming with Basi flow kv-drogeolgor uodel , neglecting
perpendicular elemcent, adopting non-stable current differential,
following matheimaticalmodel of tnderground wateris adopted

-(T-) +-(T-T !)h hW

ox ox oy ay ot

h1(X,y,t)h ,x,Y) (X,y) D, t = -

TO1Er -Q(xs1t) (x,y)XI2. t I>'to

Iin
thelbrvnJa
h ---water table elevation of waterbearing system (s)
hO-- starting ( t = 0 ) water head
T ---diretsion coefficieot of stratus (f 3/ day)r
U ---storage coerricient ofstratum
V ---source algebra sum ( v3/d.Va
t ---time
T2---nominated flow boundary
Q C x,.y,t) --- outer norma, 1inPe direction I1 boundary
,l ink
(m3 daJ -
79 -
 Ervnauationboundary conditions are properlx suawarlxzd
details see nap 4-1 and ra,p4-2

Irregular net sectional cutting is imatlein calculation area

. In spring rater and well exploitation areas 4wth slPe.nt
nt'llation of undergrouand water triangle elemenjts is saill aind
points are close . Angle of each triAngle is smallter thain go' a.nd
greater thai 30' . Total calcalation lfie' is 10 jenars iir 1/1time
sect ions
In ChwatigisIrrigation District , taking Chanoma dam
doa'l)streamallurial I:.1 as tie core , undergroundinter etrop
area is formed ( see ma3p 4-3 ).In lfont of the mourtain ,water
drops greatly ,s'i th 31.3.9 D ;Un east from Ileinizi to himen Tout
in aver.ae tunder.9round rater trig's 5 a ;frou T7inihao to Naxan.vn
Towninter drops I mr ;frow Nanjan Torn , lin4n Farm(West) to
Qiaoran it is possible for slpring cater to decrease . In
northern alluvial fan , in esit part of Lilhe *soulth of t.he farm
* east of PItzi reater drop areas , along the newmain wcst canal
,minter table rises 0.1 -- I M ;In Sandaonso , upstream south bank
of Shuangta Reservoir ,soil will turn into sani lit.r due to rise
of' iater table.

In Shma
nsta Irrigation District , along An.i [coder canal,
nnorth main canal ( to An.i Counts' lown ) and along thie south main
cana.21ater table rises i.l -- 3 a ;in arernaeoter I a Fron Anxi
tount.y Town to SiAh at.er tazble drops 0.1 -- I a ;in arerage
smaller than I a. Alons ShlIIe River previouis river course Water
table drops I a , discontinuous river can happen and soil Li'j
become desertification

rn flitahal Irrisation District , .after new witer balance

,water table will drop less than . A in an accumula tire .ay

1.3.2 Forecast oni underground water qrialil y

Change of underground vtter qualit,v is uipto supply sources

and conswrvahle method . rts frendcan be divtided into 2 types : j
irrigation ttend t;pe with canal water supj,pr ,eraporn tion and
drainage tjpe.

Hfdrochemican trend with canal water sapplr ti'7e takes at

larye part of Changra irrigalionj District , that is gob!l front
anti Fiuen --- Sandaosou --- Qid.o gou farms ,bccarise or
irrigation, in irrigation peak period from JunP to August.
ndlergrorand rater ta.ble obriously rises . gineralizatifn dlegrece oif
uinderground wneir decreases ; in non - irrigation pPriod
mineralization graduially rises.

In the fine soil zone wit b depth of untdergroundl water Jess

than 3 a ,underground Aater chiemical trend is giraduall-
conidensed due to eraporation, salt in water is retained in ;nter
hearing medium ,with morement of vertical infiltration iater ,
then enter into ndulergroud ianter . Thlerefore ,in the northlernl1
j'art of tfiisarea , mineralization of undergrorind water is tenderf
rising rear 1w.
,'ea'r
.82'
 District
Sketch 4-I Triangle Cutaway View of CliangmaIrrigation

sbuan i'teservoirOi j
*:S.

triangle cuta%ayTHueO 0 zero l)Ddlrr

recharge lborder
wj%eak
 Sketch 4--2 Triangle Cutaway View of Shiuangta Irrigation District

Shuangta Railway
3laintecnezeSquad

f eIutaltwayDellborder water head border

_ r.charge border. Ewater isnlation border

* IZi
| iloulow
e ,7 y horder
^^ | borderbetweenweak i

-~~~ [E 'l' :eak

.,recharse ore ,
~~~~~~~~~~~ re. c a:d IUli-'.
~
Insulation ~ -,
~~~

__ __ _ _ _ _ __ _
_ _ _ _ __ _ _ _
.,__ . - ' - . . .
 0~~~. ' -; - - X .' .7 X '' ' t

After completion of Chongm7n project, it is forecasted that

Iec/li100o and drainage, in Talea , lfuangh1ua mindZut1lmin
zone,
will not. have obrious saline affect. on1miter'tquallity.of Main
rwtLerbearing stratum , surface pln'eatic- water will lc mainl./y
afttected . Accordinugto plait , ioma -- IHuanghau zone leaching
alkaline water. wil l be drained into Beishihe --- slr7shnnyg
far0m
desert in ioI-th ; Tubulluleaching alianJiner.aler will lie drained
intt Saiqibutang triough Lncaosou . Previous lwJdrooeoiouical:
int-ormation shaowsthat : wain water bearing stratuem (presstire
rvater J in the nhotlementioned areas nre covered wit i deep xjar.
( 3 -- iti) on the top . With poor rertical infiltration , to..
segre7ate surface pwreaetic ir.tter wittb high .mineralizntion tno F

,'rolect pressure 4aler

In Shlunrgtl Irrigati1n01 District, with drop of undrlergroa-nd
ui-aer
table , loral parts appear alkaline water sign. After
ilaemrentationr of planning in the irrigation .area , with increase-
of nudSrgroundwater supply, and rise of' rbter, table water -
qualitr rwill breimproved. - - .

4.3.3Prograim an enrironment hy,drogeloaical monitoaivng,and

protection
After corpletion ol' the project, becauseof development and
utilization of vwter sources , some ecosystem problem will appear
,such as land desertification diue to fall of undeiyround*water
table in water abdicration ; soil becnoinsg saline land. in
irrigation district tifneto rise of water table etc . in order to
pratveCcenvironment, monitoring on undergroundwrter trend chiange
in irrisation area , time and space distribution of vintermust he
perl'ormed . In order to control recharge and discharge of
undergrsoundwater , obserration points miust be set up . Depth of
pressure water obseorrvati Aell is 50 -- 71af ;deptbr of phreatic
waler observation well is 25 --- 0JO . In southliernarea depilt or
observation keli can be 100 --2?° m
According to underground aat:er trend resulIs , irrigation
iater stupply,mutAlbeperrormed in local -place ,where large drop
ot water table happen and terrestrial biota withered nnd possible
desert will appear ; in possible localarea toere saline land and
mar4 h will appear due to rise of water talile, undergroundwater
e.iploitation aniddrainage itst. be conducted

1.3.4 Affect on environment and geologr around Changrmn

Reservoi-
Wiithstorage or C/angsa5Reserroir ,8.5 ha otf salbmergencein
local areas will appear. At that tine gaii desert wi th depth of
underground water less thIan 0.5 a will becomemarsh landscape
*Underfunction of water vrre by rise and fall of r.tler level .
unstable reserroir bainkfrom fashitougou to Lony-angnuwill occur
0.5126 sillion a3 collapse ,accounting lor 851 ,accrunting otir
0.5? of sedimnentcapacity .Slope stabilization treatment needs lo
be, provren Purther to prevent reserroit hankl from lare't
collapsing. _
83
4..t.5 tnt,cria swunaz7.i'
.. Section wit/h lnr:e fall. of' vater' tble is in Jhe midtle andi
upper 47I'CG of Chanm.iaaJ.ii'Jal 1h7n- section with1f.mlxsimuaiffect
is in Fiuneni Townwit/i S -- 6 a of' water tatle dirop . /l?ausv olJ
*lece) oreitburden on umdergroiund ri-ter , hit.h littlc afrect vn
surl;hce reselation . il sollthfest parlt ol' TJn/ttinwit-i 1 -- 3 0 droap
fit' mratei table and Oir7.zi witfh di-p o1 hvleiLr table less than I t
.aeoing aflected bir river water to be Iransreried ,*i7tuer tablein
irri 9.7tiiw district is tentting iise , in the first .5 *,vCes
*alnulal rise is allout 0. I i, 1J7a tI.sA is to pe/)rorm soil
impmroeventand leaching
h., ,Ifler coinpletJin of the proJect .mnd dirinnage
,Jelchin3 (t'
alkaline w.ill prJodacelittle af7ict on mitetr qtuality of' snin
haetPr helring stratum , only local. straItulm r,ill evolite intto
strat.um c,userf hv suirtae vite-r
stinte uw wth Iigih mijiieraiizmtioni
i lthigit coneite. or
o mietera .s
c. In th1ecouise of the pxvojecl construction ,, establishment or-
regional entlironmenth.rdr'ogeloar lrend monitoring nethurkb;sis a
kCe.; Sltel to pratect ecosystem in Chang1., .ShIuanatO alt lNualhai
irtl'ition districts , 7nd stead, derelopment of agrt1ult.ur -
pwroduiclion

4.1 AfTect on local climate

Theoretical study ,nd obseriion shokws that tti dcvl-top
irrivalion onfses in fl'drfarea , surface moistrwreandtregjcta1tiOn
will lM;e bis change , compairinSr,ith diJr alsosphere enwtona7ent
9 in*isalion districts A-ill forrr a
, cold hlrimid soutrces ,*l is -

kind lo0al climate effect is ca7lled as " cold lMke eflect

Cases - cold lnke ' eflfect .aie mainly shor1n.?Sfolivi.s

a. ;mnnma
I temper.atrme dirUerenice in anses 3s decrreased
,especiallyv ii tile Simmer
Ieplupeatinre drohp eflect is Obrirus
hwith 4 C difference

ir. incrrer? or irmidiitj . FoJ exa.ple . amnualavera-garelative

huIvidit.i in.Anxi, A,ati ,Zepu etrl or' ilLijian.4AutloIJEOnsRFcyioR,
is, 57 -- 60Z ,it i. close to hilidity of Beijing , blt
precCpiaffLion hetheen feijjin and these pla7ces .1re qyiet lal.re
,about In tines

c. iaryr irrigation are.7wil incirease rainal;iJ .For eamprapc,

irrigation oiasis in the lS increases 101 ol rainfall at beginning
i7f Suimmer.In 1966's Uringjian enlarged area of U;lSiS.aiera4ge
i-ainfall in Julyl.wasincreased from .3.3 sm to 14..5mr
d. Shelter forestrv in vasis can rednce wind speerdand disx-der
*For examp' te in Zhann.Je rounty thtere are ront inuotuspol.rlra7r
fborestr. nerihorAs. Tihe 'irst ecticrk slow dImwnwini(d spred 131%
/le thIii,rf nrdArjlm,'tthnPthorks s/fow don hiindlspred .73M,
* 85
 t~~~
- : Sketch 4-3 Geologtica
- Environment Prediction on Plains of Skids
fl~, -. -
River
:
Watershed (after
*-{-
completionof Obagma Works)

Jim* Rbowa
Shumgft
Xihu~~~~~~~~~~ a Suut
+t :-M -

I r r ' ----- I I
t
I

vrrtNfl
dewidiLL wtr,aem weeJahyflfm
i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ t
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~&.
2s waer tawbdow L-3m, mbe brdg
6 _
zBnettobeians
> _
__
an5cz*m area .
MKXkG Z1 N
3E lsi:hL -mdare mW d, wow sUN dmp\ _ <

.4 Mm d wter ib, KAM Wzfy anr dnsftar' to .i

peSfw- goddao

BWmigly mabefa b eeg arer

 Space charactcrislics of oasis " cold lake effect is show
aISfolloin-O: cizCAVteelement.s in oasis.a .u-eeven
lydistriMet :.i
But olecuetntsin vasis rrilife haregreat trapezoid llrte-, that is-
cold Jlake - effect is iquickly reduced in oa.sis fringe, and
trmnsit to desert ci imale enmironment --.For eiwmiplc,-trapezoid
ralue in Mimian Iasin from iuterior tr arterinr. or oasis
is;nnumal average refitire hhumidityis - IX each 1100 AV,in-
summer airevSe-reol.live
htuidity is -2Z each =1000. a; in simmer =aenrgse monthly
temperature is 0.2 --0.4 C each 1000 ;nnumml aierrae irin speed
is (1.2 -- 0.4 u/s each 1J0 -00
.ILcording tro study inliorration, oasis " colffia&c 7 effrct
nearrground 2 o is obrious , the higher its effect is thie 5ess;
seneral speaking he,i.gbtof - cold. lake- effect is 200 ---300 -.

I. . - .

1Oasis climate efrect relates with oasis area . water

consuimptionand Jarout pattern or oasis .me
T aeger.0ant.
of ciasls
thje xore waterconsumption rwdtheodesenser oasis ,[the sore -
outstanding or oasis - cold jae - effect. -.

In Shtilefirer intershed oasis , m7ter - di-ersion is .220

Millionr, *. ith AU2 ha of irrigntion area -equtialent annual
znintull: abourt600 asx; the, discantinnousl- scattered from hib"
to-Ilnhafi .Afterformation or Sihale Riveroasis , -its oasis
cl.iate effect 4il1not le as oulWsanding as thatof Talisu Basin
fdenseoaseszone or Clnzwmar,
-n ShnangM.irrigation- districtts
will Irare certain oases climate effect ; in fragnentag.r eases
zonCor ifuahal and flixuWillnot hare outst lnding awses climate
effect-

?leanw lie etvolution of desert clifte out-site of' desertr

should not he neylerted .BeLcausein ari area 4ith lixted waterr
sourres , increase Of water frr oases irrrg.7tinn
dlistrict means
h2ler dfecrease for- desert area outside of oia.sis . if in! ec
snourresof desert area is decreaser too mcrkl.or damage on
crge/alion byrartificial. - factors ,cliate conditionwillbe
worsen ,then oases will be affected. therefore. - oneof [lie
import ant cotntent for entironaentmanaqement is lo protect
iryfe/alinn outside of oasis and remain water for entirongeat
prpotse.

1.5.irect on soil
sSoil pr-obless in theprojectarea grainily.are as follolrdr, 2
aspects : 1) Soil improrement affects envronfment aromnd (
including water qualify of disposal area and soil ); 2)
flerelopsaentof 7nd resources andmeasures
on soilifipro-ement
will af-fect soil transfor.

Japrotement reasuires
41.5.1 on saline land
a. Eater resoarces rmasures
* 86'
Table4 - 9

Salt resistant capability of spring

sheat

item - total / CL- / N+.' I branch grcrnth

X -: /saIt>,
a -- '/:-S7 appearance
salt resistance 1 I ; -
normIal - / -<0.7 1- Q.04 .1 <0.04 1 good
li9htcheck - --;u -0 o1n.0 -0.05/0.04-0.06 I purple stem
I
-- v | I .' - . r--; I -yelloy leaves

-n-ediur check /0.9-1.5 10.05 -0.07 (0.06 -0.08 Ishorr jktwf

I Iyellow le]v.s
beasrcheck 10.07-0.1010.08-0.10 Ithuinwithered
11.5-2.0

death 1 2.2. / )0.t1 )O.1 / no sprouts or

____ _ __ _ _ died

88
i Drainage the purposeor drainage is to reduce eraporat ic:.
andtprerent salt bhilidiig up 'on soil surface .Dra.inage
cr1leNa
is to adapt critical depth i"r underground -vr cr. ;Detsuils .sve
table 4 -- .9 .Orerburdet'idepth or final fixed drains plipes
be belv cr-itical tdepth .Spacinga-anrf ryoart or drains
)mnst (
pipes J is dletermined 1w-local hy1rdroseolagical Coond tLions
-,clnr
depth etc.

4 -
,Table 8 Critical dfepth or underground Ainter

-- -- - - -- -- - -- - --
Soil texture t IL)
vineralizatlion critical depth (v)
Light Sau4disoil 2 --- 5 1.6--- 1.8
Orrntralsoil 2 --- 5 I.3 ---- t.C
Clar 2 -5 I.O----t1.2

.Afrect on disposal area by drainagr mreasures . Thereare -1

drafnage disposal areas: SinrnnstaRiescrroir,. Ru fNai ihansij
flaiqibn desert and I/a lain, . Drainage
fromar Irrigation:-
rChan_gma
District northmain cantal headworks to Tinfi-7rarx to Shid. Unoai
can directlyenter Strile Rirer truhnk , then enter Shumnsta
Reserimir . with sacii salt ,affect
on Anter quality- in Shuangta,
will be ker problva.

' Ltracingin sa line lana: Tn the projectarea'? sloncfMA is

large with hisgh cotntent of salt ; before plyant griwing , leaching
mustgo first
Salt resistant capacity of crops is one or the rainindexv
Jir soil imlptrolvexent.Saltresistant of spring Wiheat
see table
4 - S. Salt resista-nt limit or crop in thisatrea is chosenas

teaching and salt revorval criteria is frtdtcrined bry: 1)

sa111 content of soil 4r crop sailt resistant limit ; 2) salt
zone . I m deepof s.alt
reatoal depth by actire.depth or -roof
remrrral depth can satisfr manr crocis
ri-wit/ .Bait for net-
recla.imable land,ilh transitional ethoad. at betinning wilWt
0.7 -- 0.81 of sralt content,, ;1O
0.6 ivof salt remotal dfepth
plant crnp withistron-gsalt resistant capacity .than to ut tfinal
of .s;alt insoil
reu-rwi
Leachimn norn will directlx afrect saltremoal rcsul i
Elements whichafrect leachingnorm are: jsoit sa.lIt content ,salt
comlposition, soil texrture anti underground rater etc. Planncd
norm refer to tale4 - 10 .

In addition , leaching time also affects resuti .ID, Summer

ndiAntumn,rith hiighLater temperature, sithgood solitbility nf
sulp7hrate
. leachingresult fisthebest
*88*
 Tab)le --10 :Lea'chi norg ,
----- --- - -~~~~~~~~~~*
- -- -m-- .- - I-- .
- ... - f - -3 - -- - 1t ---- -- ----- -- --- -

Salt contelit; ( Z) 10.0 5.0. .57 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5

of I a Ml-er
. _~~~---------------_- ------ _---- ____ --- ---------- - -------- _-_--- - , :

Chan,gra
Dlistrict 26.275(118000 1290W10500 flo00 a70 630ao
- - - -- -- -- -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ----------

Shulansta District 2ra85n 18450 120 10800m

.%300 7;q(n 645t0

1t. Agricullture compreliensi

re meastrevs: . v : l

Plranned1 rersures
are as fOJollws - -' ;- ' ''' .

- san sixing
O .d and silting . toi reduce capillarity ,and to'
decrease eraporation from srfaee r to prerent -surfare salt
burildingyap. ,: - -

A land lerellincg and intensire cUltiiration

adtding7farJ sanure . to isprore oroanic mntter content or .sain

A afrorestration , to drop wi-t.er ta&le, as siulagical efrainage.

- chemical impro(eTfent ,adding calciu agelt, to ad.j/st ratio

fheibren magnesiumandt cI cisu.

4-5. l2eachinWand drainage affects disposal area

a. Leaching and drainage affects water qlalfitf-. in Shuangrta-

reserroir . Deiails see section 4.2 .

b. Teachizng and drainage affect Baiqihr harren area:

rfter completion of thre project ,annutal7 dirainage Water
to lie recetied is .35400 3 . Cater table of sone.areas riI I rise
and saIt -iWlJbuild tip oansofI- Some salt resistant plants (
T;maris Clhinensis ifyc w
will grow .Landsc'ape will change lifrm
drsert info Tamarix Chinensis R,ye.and Jfal`.otyln aiodendron ntger
be;h . Tlheplants will reduce sandy wind disste.r .

c. Leaching ,and draanage affect 'HuaIai ba.s-in

Gi7nIlanZxi
* about 25 kminiwi fras Ruahal TornsiFrils if the
lbryftow of the basin .11 is t.ie hnre land of undergroutid a-tel-. and
s'irface water. Recanse tf increase of water frrOr tipst rea7, area
art'6inhaizi take is enlarser, h-ith rise of hwatr tafhle . Tlierr
ri1l Ne 2 arfects : 1) secondarr salinizathiro rirll .appear in
nortmlzernfri-ne fif file area ; 2) Ifr promate gror thl of salt lhrnt
tirilIgfsbenefit toCeco..;y-st(wm
89 .
.4.5.3Forecasting and. eva.uation on so'il,';'t.;
. ' i'

.4.1 te the ,iproject derelopmrent . t here a.re 2 elinnijt .

:-t.(leiicirs ol underground r,.iter * One is rise or A0lr -
-tale;,anotler
is drop or rowter
table. These clvarines b-illJ 717'ec='
maisture and-salt. uf -snil, t.hei evolufionof.',sail rpes;0 .11

R7. So.il eroluttionii bis3h watertablearea with r iscof,

minanuev
Jt -present . in the MrIMs Awiti 1 -- 3 nr. ftcr table SUCh
.a 'isimpa, llinmnaumJl'rms and H7nabunacetc. soil rites:
of bar'en
I7r7
land e sIanp soil* . iIJuLd.aeadure
soil ',meado. soloIIchak andt
Mristed iieadrosa.lonchlik etf. :Soil l*rpes of cultirated lanianre
sJl inecl damp snil adm1 d/ap soil T r. the fAmrecasi.erdatter tah-le
halance area : soiJ remains as Present status , or lunderfulnct.io - .
vo' irrivation saline disaTster will Ibe refeicedf da, f 1erla.r - . '
tfle water table rise area secondar:r saliniz 4 qtion will inerease.-
davp soil Il l develop tuwards -sal ined- dampsoil andtsalineru
dampsoil Aill derelop towards solonchak

Soil types of'1barrena,tca are irenadtvsoloncthla and crnstrfd

,,atkivso h,nch,atthrou,gh leachiI19 alnd dl7ja.¶e, slt in Siit l
w'lli be reirured ;R-1th cult[ratilon andi Tertilizatie'n .,soil i-t.
daeveloptowards sa lined dampsnil and dampsoil
h.. So lt ertlrit iln in ofew-
water table area?

-n , Aaclia,1 -. zIaoI and Sisolg Of Shrlanlta

,Tia(

Irri,gation Pistr-ict, with: 3 -- 5 m waltertahle, soil:b.pes of-

eltlfirated landaredasp soil, sal.inedcaltivated vmeadowsoil n.?-
irrigsated desert soil . .Wtcr prryject deri-elripent ,-r,ithi, rise VI'
watertable, soil or the culti,rted l.7nd hilfl le d*crriol.ated.

c. Sail etolution in hliigl rwater tahle ltrot area: -

Present m7ter tablle is I --- 3 , froa Truliuhri

to- Qiazi
xain- soil type is mundbWsolaonchak ,salmned c'.-dow soll and mar1?sh
soil . dtter
cnapletion ol'- Changa Reserrair hilIj reduction ti -
supplypr, it is estizated th;t r;ater table will drop more than Es
.spij becomedr,r .re.-etaylon i.' de.Pneratcd , witlh rediiction or
meadon ref7etatiol, . salt plants will .fnerease . Acadow salonchatk
AllJ erolsite into crusted solonchakand desert qotonrlhk. -

d. Soil erolittion in low wafer table drnp areas:

Present rater table is gre.ater than 5 r or l0 D . such as
rrJmen Torn --- SXaxihao. Qidrduntfang
and Ralin.qdin nfr han.,7n
Irrigation District . soil type of cultirated land is irrf.pited
desert soil ; soil t,pe or barren are.a is brawndesert soil .Jt
is estma terd that 6.ter fable will drop F -- 3 i .Rith
construictioii of 1ind breaking forestry belts and land leel linq
blrrirn deser-t soil willeroliute into ii9iJ.7te9d
desert soil .-.

* 90 -
 Skletcho°?soil e'olit.iop model:
NodelIJ:
lenching.I drainage Lbaching
& (frainage
wAter tahle drop to dr-opwat.er table --
critical depth
aMIp -- l
-- __ _,soJonchna.

- damp soil _ (ahandon

m~Armin.,t)
- ' '
Water table rise. ,a ter depth< -1 m
depth ( 2.5 n ,ssleya ting secon(dnRjT
secondsr,r saliniza lion- saiiniza ionm
Yodel 2:
leaching, drainage & leaching drainage ,vatel'
rilening . water table table remain at cr1 tica3 depth
over critical dePth
readow solonchlk __ damp _ salined dnap
or, crursted meadow. soil _ . soil
solonchak
rfiter table rise 41,ter t;n6le overcritical
secondar, salinization depti ,secondvrjrsalinizat inn
Nodel 3:
water tMble rise, rater table over critical depth
depth < 2.5 m , dampins secondary snlilnization
irrisarted
deqsert . damping _ salined
soil - <_ dapsoil I
wate.r table > 2.5 n leaching drainage ,water table
outt of dampins remain in critical depth
'(odel 4
land levelling , irrigation . faring &
irrigation & farming fertilization
fertilization
bromndesert . irrigated - irri.gated
soil c._ desert' soil ddesert soil

abandonfarring . bad manasexent

desertification causing desertification

* 91 *
 ,~~~ -. *s'n-s+
-'.

* InnriC11citre1t
l ai'ea rTwenTVW-- Xiin,lrihno It
I i . estli.i od
tlat. water (ahle will dirol 0n around . . I'lIh. roaretc h191)11
lreaking lrovstgr belts a11rt dnfldnt.qcose wnter an¢dfrrt I lJl :
r ns, sn.ilIwil l becomeheotter
bujitit

-1.5.1trouinpter iasures tn prevent soil ifeilorieitTii : -

n. Prevention measures n;a.inst

sit Inmilnizatiol:--

rn Touildt up .nti perfbct dralnaine srstra: 1enisureson.sn

oiI
improvement and snin IzatJon prevention .1) Icrknlung drat i .an.;
of' leachIng wiater . to Priveenthnter (ahle 1roi1 ris11/ *, ln
improir efTect ot' salt, remloval ; 2) rontrnl-water Wablehplo,
crflital depth *iv prevent secondar isalinlir . AIccordtng tn sn/f
rcmtent of' soi.1 and soil texture ,,snit -aensnros tI; -loral-
rondif loIons, with rntiTect ire dfratnagnesrstenm to dropxwater hte
lte..

*A Prevent cnn,il leakaige Exist.ng27 water r,ciltir,s nre aged =

wt/ .lo starindard , with serere water loss -and t'ow utilizatino
*ratf , n.49 for C/iangva Irrhigt1ion-flstrict, (1.1f7for Shmingla?
Ti'rinmiuin Disitict . and Gull fbi' ifun/s Trrlrg-atlo1 Distlsirit
'llt Inavqcrenunl walrr infiltratiin- . 'nrr fahlM ir ltnra'n -
1'VFl't' s
WriSerd/r ., quiclr/"nvl st.vcudurLry;aifitlbx upt's*oif;.
A To retorm irrLifation technique ! to pertV'm -sc.ient'if
iri,i!.tion: iPrcsentirrtJga (in techrniqnesare barckmrd . it f/i
seritmis rlnordirrig,lation , hith tariqe plots and undulation . 7ndf.
urirtl irurigaflin, water .Grass 17 . is 1590
irrigatiomn norm JiUSNiO .I

D.7 , rw-hiircicausenmirlin PltratioJn spplr and huuttrdenatr dminralac

- SurgesIst ionis: to divtide small plots , fit
it se fntfltirt
irriinationi meth/d , to c/nwge f/nod inP, t.lrrorr
.rrigation.

irriigation , rPrlduceirrd.iontiOil 1 1 .

I CopprehensitreIrraiment A4gricalture CrOmpIIVheasiTre oiensuirrs

surl/ as aLAi .tiu said and silting , lanai lerellin! . intens ibr
culti/rn inn .planltinj salt resisbmta crops. aiTol.st1 ;r71ation .tc-
hi. Prevent tiwi ireasures against desertificlation

' Too protect psar.moph.yte: psam0loptKr(e.are the tfr.t screren or

shreller ibrestry cenastretinn .' -

* Tenconstruct tase trunk forestr. according to forrstr,r plan

to lburildbase trnmki forestrx in the oiter of irrigatinn districts
*to bwild min frtunk fmreshtry and base torestii .'tn redlucr rind
spred!

I Porestrw berfore a.qricultfare: Accordinq to fa -rmprngram . in

c-nnsideration of farm road , to plant trees. Recause nr- d-r- br-o-n
dfrsert soil and winld 4/1oti sol /, ,ft is
f d,vrhised that
a.forestiration go first ten start flhrming
,

1.5.5 Promramon monitorin.q and ohserratinn stations

* 92 -
 I., Shimmila lh'swrio it' Isfluma.in watlfr qouri' r7t'VumuFinIf
1IF'I'il;l iu11 n j,SlIr/d itS h,lls I' ail y t ri
11111 I/! li drrl tv after)
:i'l i'ir'illgirr'fr nit ; iin. lnish,nnlr,
Sal l 1*¶Imn.nnh
8'o 1l'0'I1.7tItl11
lDistt'1t
. It Illaidiil
ji /0ei qffIrljfqh/tli monitniloii mrelinet '1 7110 .1f to
mi/Inn-I,all/i/IsIwftvt1d wvDt¶
t ,iI /enr
h ag I r fo)I'mnlInn
* I : -itaIf,r
IUl;?I i mOultriP ls I s' 14. ') il i Itilr rbsta17111iqilrvitt Ifir trriminnl
r,l' Tntliilnltmaini drlillS . .I F'l f ;ifre rh'i'i
(tin*! r
i'Iattw vl oIn r,i/Ih liori
Ilafet'i ',I Ill 1;Iorf ':ffl itfifi'r t 1.;'f. Urn', liif'lf into S11IMalaI.7

I'. in Vhic I* Pittl.',lIvi;I ut'jt'rr'llI,l.i/r

Ni 1rfe I b arren
sZiar' ! ,:u fl'v,'a;tofI:l lif-it aII( I :.7r/t t i I.
I-rl . (lI!iri lemon t e'
l
in ItIn'l i''i'il"Irtl rictI Irate' 17f 7 / hit'S*fwIi I aIn lire' t a hr
,lad

i*h'tPl lt . TIhrv'Il' iit Iq p lannd In ';lr hl-4; , it hi I

sin/it', t'o i s In in' Mldn! impt i n sI rvi nt , Iny Osi'rnv/rn sr/rut i
i/rl
*'I i f i 'Ii I i'rvnz>Ir:rtnflt In sa n1ir snr m'1
.7el , eirOrnr 71'thril *c0l

1
i rt I 1
'il tirrl! , fitprrvii snil t''Rlfc fdl-:t' l lca Ii *n
ita

d. (nIihi;ii /isiln in Ifir I mfrinal lafir' uIf i/oiieRivrr inti

1'.';/Mi j iller , it ri,t.qa Itiirtarr- salf drpf,oSitr(f arr,7 . Avliniilf 7 rnmolfT
rilt rwiihi Rie r is Y) --- It7
i 7i/flion mIF . P'il)i nfitlrd-tfin st
I'l't;riil loll l. 'r ioN ltralin it of' Itualini Ir ripi ifon
ni:;tliclt hill I
It': r jlnr'lrrnv I''F 15..5 millionri Vi.? .11 a;SIll
.7di ovq
ti a1 rt! {tin rrl ''levti'mlr i ara .tand mostf rinjo .'-frnsc . Il
IIIII tftUi/1 'itI'7r' 3llf'l olf 7v,qlirvullnuIr'distr-irts . rlarr f.7hris- bill
i
rtit , :1/it! jira rr ce'rotelursa tifliin ! inn
i :s drn aimae s.yc!rm1111cc 1
tfir -; tart1isJbrt to cnn! -lrilb..7tir falt ab/ ton f''r' t ira:'et F'rom
c,'tyi,i,tivi 1'; 7
1 inwat-1 innr

i.f3i I fTrt oilrrof q11'r

1.fi. I liuft.tsis till 7. rmtlrf

it rt;iliris

for;.;t;!ffert eif et
i, rflMn,tntia*sI,anut . rh i.iifun rl
'4!r'1'fltr' nwrU
ate' srr
c j'!' nod111 cIa
flIn 1age 1;7r;i tirsq clp;e .d
: loIwr
tr'e'istri/lrdt inrn eft ii:ulclail Iigftrernr imrn haf'rl i' nnfr ':ur',wrti rr r,I tom jc
t :;
rha ins roh-u; i rmririro rnl at' solet r I ','c'ir1t jie,ti *Iertij in fIlr
h:l ,'j'si/ir'e! SN{|is -h;rIIq':
d t } e'rns.tr 4p VfC lIce h.,'rfleSIrl b ilI fir-
iITof lrI . Fitteri of rvl oan! rmut' ionrffoams kill/ prninltcer a7drert'r
10tIe(C l I r'je'.t itieu rno!
n Ii/rt minmal s enrermsnrcimrit ,'ot1,!Or mIf ilol
sit . r't'.f/ I Irs',t n7fC immiwnJimnts/ S hilt/ t-hnnir
h drcrret rrt isi I /r
f. J;,e; ,CItcl Iqttm . to rletner lint! I n g cniritcr'.ipc; ref r'ifvce't.,
71 'd . ?I impy
It'il f
fl il' IilmmPlt r
ICr?relq enre'rowwr
tr .

t . r , /fI hhS; (i ftlr rr'rst innij F lrl1ojI airt reirf

1*. Tt is pirevioctrl n lto erncf .ifrOrtidS r!erer ani! ranpoof'

triir'<lr tiaf J 4mm
,'iirl aeIalr4to tr /, .crcdaimalt ftt 'ro.jel tfe' r4triPtrltir'f
IVIt(i,''!10,71 MhiT .eifhwf!htols: lMif! 8t 11 C7fi 1.1
W
l Ocis eta s /)i isffl! eiPi'
1'11Itewr'f;at iil !nlir
e t . f t.ali tIismlru I rof t'r53esv.rm -iI 11til
e'i tFnt
(Cvftjr(p .j r'aniria ffChfni j3s ai;ltjsi anh atIriq.t Ov.
*936
 TOale4-- 11 ReIntJonishiphetweenEl)aen,rspI'owthand
- .ntertable I latuddesertllcantMni

dpth of under- 2 .--- 1^ 5 --- R > .7

t ,'nind Woter ) -
grrnlra. nornJ abtnormanl - inst tlp- inst trtes
situnt on vit.hreredtip withered died
- - nafw died w1.ia

Iiid tin desertif- IUnilht- edium 8II :017

rteseitlf.i- cationf)
cation . =,
- ~~~~~~~~
--------------------
~ -
-"---"---------
- nneebee
*------- ------------------
-'

Tnhae 4 -- 12 telationshJp between PopOlar diversifolan m'n'rath

and water table S land desert. ficntJon.

:-------- - -

drepthof 44 -- O 10 > 10
munder-
ground
kdter(ir)

.t1oiina noriin] ,hre.

abliarwon] most all plants
statils top , leaves part;s died.
witthered ,n few dJed :
died

land nJo lie/t mrediumI strong

deserti - deserti- heary
ficAtion fication
degree

Tahle 4 -- 13 Relationshiip hetf.een natural bush aro'th and

water table 4- land desertificfation

depth of - <5 5 -- 7 7 -- 8 >-d --

urder'gronind
water (r)

growthof norma] retreat; & serious retreat all plants

Tavarix withered most died died
chinenses tip; a few
Are & white died
clover.
…----------------------------------------------__-_____------------
coverage ) 0.4 > 0.3 ) 0.1
Irate fW)

desertifing basically light medite strong

degree of no
forestr,v deser tifin g
I*rid

*94.-
 X i. f. X - . s 2na<
. - -, e r .e e

Table 4 --14 Relntionship between undergroundwater quality,

A vegetationvariation and land desertification

water 1-3 3-5- 5-B >8-

table 4s)
uiner.71i-
zation 0.5 -- 1. -- 3 - > 5 -- 6
degree (sIL)
regetation 0.3 - 0.5 0.2 - 0.4 < 0.3
coierase
desertifing no light mediun . eatr .

Table4- 15 Critical value of mai trees £ grassvarieties

with variation of watertabie
water critical nain grass main trees
table(a) value (a)
I -2 ) 2 aquatic biota ,reed
(2 ) 3 reed ,wheatgrass popular
( 3 >4 Jiji reed . glycrriza Eleagnus
kendyr anoustifolia
,'opulluts
diversifolia.
<4 >5 camel's thron black
clover ,white clorer
) 6 black clover etc not affected
by water table, but affected by
sealevel S precipitation

.95
- t | - - - - b .g ' - -

b. Evaluation criteria en : Alteration --or vater srurres

connritons
I will arfect environedt.' especially -i. . wrek .'- -
euvironment zro? in the arid area, to- l.e shownas.: afrect on. .-
re.getation duie tn a7teration or surfacea and undergrourlnd-er i :
It is proposerd to anal.ze elatitonishipleIweeonrege t.tlion gron-'
hbter table anrdsoil . tn specify eraltiation criteri-a ot' thr-
haitershed . fietil s see table 4 -- II and -- : 5.

4.0..3 Alfect degree anldrange-

*a.Affect ort rorestrr ecosmste-

Accortding to the lyo.ut of' naturtlJ forest r. in' (hr projert
7rea-. relaticnsirsp betweeti r,ater tahl e change and growlh of
natural Tfrestr,r , -somecrwarihson acre wade , and resirlts .aren
.as follows : S non-afrfect zone .5 arrect zone with .7200 4.,orf
area to he affected

* :rea fl'oa liei.shawo -east * west .sotih Shaw-o--Toirnlun

ln
the north gt,rt of lufahal basin in Ibwtin , it is a'slitfatal
that
with little itol of' rater table. affert de.qreeisf-between
normal
jinowth and unh,ea
lthtL' growth or Popultus dirersit oll. ScheirA.-
l1and is in hlie ranire petween desertification anli slight
deisertifi en ionn
A From Sandanaou,-- Barluioi Shule Rirer coulrse sectrinn
Populus dirersirolin Shirenlk is in narma) oroth - and unhealtl -l-
growth, and E/-aeagus angrustifolis is in unhjea,lthyr grow/hi aInd
loral death . with local slight deser-tirication: . FromrShilne
Riv;er south course ( Sbuangta -- IJnshozi lake -- ,fancha ) to
AnAi County rnoghozi Lake area . hetore the project regetation
has been destroyed, mnst or Populus dirersiltali.r .Scrernl andi
T-iaarix Clhinensis Rye w-ere died . Flnea.us angirstifolia rwerein
nunhealtltr growth ,large land were desert-fried . After compretin f-
at' Shnatncta Reservonir . underground riater table rises . 1mifit
not enoughto promote soort ecological circulation . From .Suangla
--- Anxi Reidmaiao--- ,n.qzi--- - Duanr,xianzf --- 7inshimzu
areas ,some Populus dirersifolia Sc/renk are in unhea.ltAr
con7dition . luJadwill he slightlyr desertitried .

b. Afrect on pasture ecosystem

According 'o alterlitfon of water table and anin r.I.nSS

rtarieeties .to evaluate affects fin pastulre dlUe tn the projert
developz'ent: 2.5 zones are dirided among which .7 zones sJ)il not
he lfrected Iy rvariation or undergrotnd ra7ter ;7 zones not
ba.sicalLy afFerted duie to completion-of the project ; pasturemsin
otlier z.onPs will 11ot he arfected although rmter table will
chaotie after completion nf the Project : 4 afrected xones with
loral pasture'area of 5200 ha . t is esthpioted that atter
compjletion or the piroject . grass riirieties in al low-ing arras
will be arfectetd due tn raiation or water tahle:

t Tn Fwren plain7 areas . fringes oft .ro/Pi and dune and dutnie
uenddo pasturt e . reed , camel's tflrnn and whitr rlorer will fi
slightly arffrtrd . 96
96-
 f
A n the arid desert grassland near4An.-'i Siqnqang
1d imuarho.i
reed *qronpwill he affected . - .

f In the. rierrr plains. aenidow grassland from east -no4mi-

.

lucapoanu'to Tan.gdnnhu,came1l's tiron and w-hite cloer eilil'i he

slihtly al'fected . - - - .

c. AI'f.ecl on comprehens.ire
rlosnre 7zone. - -

tinner adwrinistr.l ion -aJ-Anxi Vrnrntx. , forestry d*Jrixr6tats

divided, 1-here.qetal ion or Shrle - Ri ere lowr-; reachePs into- a
romp;rrenIeisive
closure zones ,c Insute'e-zones rdich. rrlate . with the
projert develoapmntar'as rollois: -.
. .

A Srnuthern mointain . qibi re.etnation closnrezone ; reoetation,

hell alonn Sandnagou Oldannou deiurial rirer bed rwill nnt he. V
arreeffe wit. sliht change of rind erground inter -

* 0t7i,
SbaP 9egetat ion cbsrti-e zone: fror Cknnt7.qss1Sl I I.s
Deficie Mlaunta
ins area=.Qi0o7i --- Sa.rvnncten.4 Jit is exstim,ated
flit rafer table 6ift) drop less than I a , reppti. *m
dleterioration norf sre aquatic vegetation ,the uain rrgrta tion
will nt Ibe aIe rretede From Pingtoushbr - Reirqiacri --- Tashi
'ariw , hithiut inter table rarnation, the wain re.qetation and
*ramnconitaut regetaf ion will not he affected

* Ylur psanxophyrte closure Fro, east to west aolngShriale Rlier

hrnfks. with drop or rmter table . the aini vanf conromit.ant
veretat ion, suich as Taurrix Clhinensis fire , wflite =clover and
Chinese matrimuny - vine r. are deteriorated .Along soirth hank of
Sir'nle rirerp, Ait im irop nf rwater tabhle in fieidagqino min and *

ranor!itant regetation * stick as glrcyrrhiza-. kenrl.r and. w1ile,

cliov er will be detefr irnterd
. .~~~

d. .rlrt on animal Ihabitant

*d In J/Fert pinins, fringes or goli desert and dune meadow .ra.ss5.
arrast wth
hJ drop Of fntpr table *, deterioration of renetlation.
arnd rtfii hirn h . habitats nr hirds an7d reptile will lie 7irrertpd in
.-lcIt summer tiles- harr to find new hablitats

if In Atvi! SLqongand Gia7hon arnd desert *qrassland areas

gaobi drsert anieal groumpwill slightly affecte(d

I1 In Anxi Tashi plain meadowanid Gecaohupastur,1e area s pe.rc

animal here helonlg to meadhow -- .qPasslandgroup ,, with dropynof
mater table . r-eed fill he aft'fected ; therefore birds and
waterfowl will be affected fand there is posfsbility r' quantity
rediuetion
Irn rul1irated land , rrmis and Cahiabu*rassland areas . perch7
aniani grilnp belong to ltaillge -- rae, animal group, wfatrr t.bhlr
hill .7a'rtort ijroaih at- reed .Jnit an iJu group will rint bie

* 97 .
 - 9 n- - - n ;-0

i Construetion and resettllleont wrili trin.q adrerse a71oton- .

peirchor terrestri-al anixal in tUesster,she-
P. Arfect mJaqultf-ic
nrcosrster
Afrect oii aquatic binta are mainly shnan a's: leaching and
drainage in eaumrhan trrignt ion Distrirt r,it! affect aquatic hiot.
in Shaunn.1aReservoir , and construct ion or lthamnyrn Reserroir
b-ift aflfectaquatic blot.
* teacinigls and drainaie in t'hangmn rrigat ion District is
JThorahlefor gr-wth and existence of sl.1t endrilnug-fish species
otf Sh31111918Reserivoir . suchi as plateau lnaeh/, rcarp.anderician
carp . Biut it has adverse arfect on smrwtlh and existence on fresh
sater fishi species , slick as grrass carp and silrer carp and
invpertebrate . Hfowever, after leaching and drainage . affrrts
wit! disappear .

rCanwnuwa
Reserivir wvill not affect river fish species ri th -cash
ratue .The reservoir vili cirente conditions for stat.c_. fis and'
arti ricia 1 aqu,at ics . In reservoir hay and shal.low sater arPas
species and quant ity of bean regetatlion . suerhas reed , will lr
increased . uan!itir of alonre.7ndplankton ill I he inrreasePrf
f. Affect on artificial erosystem

Construclion of artificial ecos.stem with la.7rgearra and

eoorrlinaLted proportional deelenpirent or agriculturr , :forestry
diudanimalhmsbandr,rwill improve former weakecos.rstea .- le raIke
increase of precipitation and htri dity in the project area , tn
decrease monthlra.erase temperature in Summerand da.1sor sand
storm anid eraporation . For examp/e, in .flnngride Fara in
rhaidanu basin ofOinhal Prnrinae from 1.O',s area of
affarestration arcconts foi3 WI6 or culit.iraed landr . with h-ind
r 18.2 X in forestri- .annual
spjeed decreased arerage texperature
raised 6.0x ; rla-s or sand storm -ere reduced and .grainoutlput
has increased at l,arge Psxtent .JTherPfore . den-r nprent of this
project, will form a hi.h eofricieat- artificial oasis ecos.s tea
hI(h .good.circutation as the center to expand to peripheral
dePserts . Developrent or upstream.areea
1iJ1 not atfect artifcia;l

1.6i.. Analyrsis on t/re project sionificance

Itilization and modirication of water resorcrers in -Shale
Ritertpro.Ject area -will ineritabfl.r ctect ecolo.qira) enrofinment
of this area , appearing localt desertification .affect on local
regetation anidanimalexistence. Hut through affect eraluation,
fi is knocn that orerall affpected area is smaller thran
onin
- afTected area . and only Jocal part area and some animalt
and vegetalion will he affected . Resettlement of ianiqrants wilr
increase labior farce , throughreclamation . harren land wilt
becomeartficiJal nases. It is fairorwhle for .gtoorl circulation
ecors.stex , and it will greratl
and developmventof an ngriculttre
promote provincial agricuiitlure dereloaprent. The project will play
* 98-
a positive role fir thfe corntry in dereloping Bierl Regin alind.
good circulation of ecosystem . Therefore ,construction the- nf
pruject is necessary' and the protect is beneficial tri the
courtir,rand peopJe

4.7 nrinrnumentimpact of resettlement

f. 7.1 Qualitative analysis on resettlement envirofnmientrapacit,y-:

Essential problems for implementation or imi.gr.nt.s are

re-as
rfllows her or not rertain
whet scale reclamation and
constrnction of vater resources can satisf.l with-Iirin.. anid
proluc tinn demrandof 0.2 million immigrants, andcan mairntain-
cnnritinat ty or social,
ionand aidi econotic and econoric and
Pcologuicaleffects.
Siule Rirer watershed is rich in natural. resotrces: -with
good condftion for derelopwent and great potential of imrigrant
enrironuent capacitr . jdequrte light and heat are farorable For
irproresent of crop net erriciency and
photosnwthetifc
nlat .ion or drr ant ter . In the middle and loser reacres
acr'cua
thereare0.2897sillinn ha of harrenlandwhichare suitable for
foresirs andrSanimal husbandryn. Vfthgreat potential' of surface
,nd tnidrngroilmd
a;ater , derelopsent or irrigated agriculture is
enlsured in this arid area . MYreorver, the ancient.Silk Road .
trair'ls thrn ughthe project area . enormous-cultural relics and
stints are favorable for derelopment or tourism . Dereinprent or
these resomrces a-ill enlarse .in i grant capacitr at certain extent
;or without dereloprent ir near flittire . the.r will -he backup ±
resources for improv-ementof immigrants 'liring stand,ardand
produtrion
.ShlarleRirer swtfershed is a inhabit for fRn nLattiontali ty
pearl e'scilrttire and eduration let-el is higher thanpteople in
eurigratedareas . People of this area are inrmlwertedand
hospitable . There isJ a ood social foundation ror rerpiring
ivrigrants . tJoal people know that gnvernment pays great
natrat-ion to environmentprotection of the resettlement are.7s and
isrigrnit warks . Thes.are prepared to support gorernment wor.
Tocal people also k-now- thaltrecltamation fr iaSair.ant will nlo
daiage their interest . From-experience local penopleand traders
ar-eenthusiastic to help immigrants orercomedirficulies .loca;l
peorpleanrf immigrants cran tire in harmony-

Whether or not immigrants ran fit Sharlelirer slersfied

naturral conditions and firing conditions . rwethieror nof the.x
can wistirr new prioduction techniques . are the essential
reuirr'ent for strstainabilit.r and stahilitr of milgqrant
rnvironmsent capacity .Inrestigatinn on existi1g. immigrants in
this areas shtis that : with great natuyral onndition and
prnduction and liring Irah!its dirference comparingwith mi.igrated
areips: tInr after 'I -- 6 .-ears ifmigrants are qruite quick to
fit nrw enr.ironment witty great suitahilfit. Sriah1jilIyt
cretficient in the 5th year reaches 0.817 . Formerimmigrant
return rate is 4.71 . It is plainnrd to strengthen constructfion
*99-
Sketch 4 -- 4 Proect land development a-p'p.lat
l-
bearing, capacity system

uosu puai]
ojn - mmra~tion] -w.-

[onodi wl er unitizaioD-
__- -. ; F!__

|:-
Cultivation7-

eter resources Aninal husbandry Land resources

iher utiiizaii Forestr]

Fo-t1

*100-
 ,,r rreilniir tJrilitirs trl rrasonali.; mrit immiyrtnns r,
ieurmorr pncarfFirl I rnurnmir stirrtrt!re morde. to rerdeur isaLrrn7rr

f. 7._ fMraztitita!
irer analysis fion iaarigrant rnt ironedl7t raparit.r

PI ssstr'me tiir eblnawi7frmelthotd . Int f,rerast ren itrncont

trl'af-i I.t- rrsrt I le-ant re.ion. Firc tl . apgly in; S!rsiemnfir
ti' iami r areliti tip rel,aua,t resef i lr"fnt polpludlfationarnd 1-7nt
I',rvirlii, ''aparij, -

R,c ivies rcoxontt feraturns nrt :riinraJl spriaI anu rr'urtrvir-*istfst

,rt'tcptf
lrewret pr7uin/alI ion --- land hnrimii rapacit t S/mtile
Iitr r r.nlrrslwl 1maqof her rhnrarterisfirs . surc as imb1a1lance fit'
&,7af1r a;I?land rlSnFlrrCS . it-v-tt hrak r'oItar' Inr vieirtlnipient
1,t'rl fit scienrce at!i frrhnarlogj . ith oren ctrnirtnrre f
r,e p'sterm - rerr vrrv fuundm u arnzIlI principles or tlr praterrl
inh-flermontiartn iandl rev irn-rnw'nltrenpcit,r ar- L.i are as ot /.I c:
.7ris
1) punfJrtruc jutd
fn!ir? tarnr . reasahal ,lu tllili;at m tn ,,r taut!
rc-fonrrs . try cl
rfewp culfrred land 1.
l.grazinarid forerst
d 87tf
lirldt at nEiIrle7te vfr'!gtor: 7) itiner mfrntrtrirn and Frr the pm'porer
r perrolnint ui7tf,r . lei improre tit ii ir,it ianri ratef or o .Farr
,-ren r,;sand rfuuil; t, irperfrm s-rirntiir irri.,ation .inf w7tr
m11i: 3) Ft n7iti ft:ermfrirte!rarions irrig.at ed fl'rrt;f rtt' .

li.lfl!tI' desert r'ros. cf mr intoi oases V,ricf- ltare rcii-z ,m .e

sIr 'rithe'n ef-el fi., l Ffrrrt:; t) Ifo in!tr7p1r/,' .7ad;nerrd
I,r "4ft jil t-llnrifeh IY .
-p IF, rn sr rateril.71 tinprn :.t
lillrPuliriiatr dcr rre .5) ton 'irkr'n antprit nrf r ,,.;;rtiril
.';vrianlture pirohfducts aft Ia'rrr seaft, fo rrlai v;tnl i1 'iia
t
clpp,faw, uif rfir 131nit, Ga,nsui -n; inr ; r in tre nriyhen hirth
fiIt-rft .1
'u',1iCI fst ct lx r'1,Fr7I nalnfll oj"'nvtlvif;J; pr,f Ifv
ftv' mr"!t Ifrnn I1ftrnr strafty rmeqirrwrnt f1 im7 imt.s'
roncuwpfinn
lv' otf a! rertaini vii;rlaprwrit srn/ r

nfei't1l2Iion a1'it 17and ttrd ineit mael.rap Systrn oJf f1r

r-seSftlrInrif area ius a large rreplicatlr sy-stre .rrt-tnting r.ifh
.trpjviirv;i CImmi . and w rin' infirrenierd Iw natfrnri material
,vinirrf-c . natlurnl PrItiw( ie71nl corlrons andf ctiri.It r,,rinwrr lrtrl
tr vif Mib;is area . rhis clsr.m i.S menmas-d orf 7 Sri! - ctsfec
Y3s1.7lant
aclli resorcrPs . fnr,-r'tr-; rultlit ativn aninal hi,sliand:rr
* r'mi-;Mlunuis n anti prpulaton.7I . trurturrs
- p trietfablf I --- I .

rp ssjstem mrfdel of' rant ation anel lind

Ti is pilnitunf-ifn set
beairing rnC i.Wi fthrenigh s u-nt rrtl ui anJ
al> is . antd I hrbflrilt
Ochil/at ion ttai fhp potp'iln ion amount . ruxfru"lt itan dre
d lpwnpgrlt
seInt, . main agrillul rwv'lprvrvfur'It f litprit .7rf! popr tatiorn hrarittr
;muavit.ior land in dirricrent ears rF-O jn.qn If? thrw 2n7thin
rv'sftIlment areas . Ser ta.bhlel-- 17 and fabler - TR.

I 01
 _ Es,titsting.on populaUion cultivated land and
main agrtcuttiire products of resetrfemeat tats

t
. ., . - _ ._
_; _ ,_ *__..--..._ _ .______- ! *______________

year t,10000
lnd grL« aoIledatirtIt seat

top~ le l OOha hlp__p_l_e I_O_Ill1oa/kg kg/peo; Ie 10090/kgkg/ peoplelooU k kg,'people

1990 lt.63 3.61 0.32 t 329.4 28.32 435.9 37.i5
.:J - . . .. _ _.. ,__.. _ - . .__

o . Iq1999 13.64 4.1 0.30 1.12 1260 1

434.1 31.8- 11.4 52.s5

. 200a 28.11 6.5 0.23 2.36 it. 1 551.3 19.86 1 it60,:

a 4.38 .
34.62 ,.*5 0.22 . 1.60 103 9t9.1 26.5i 21 61.02.
iSwDi 7.6;
.35.76lA 0.24
C. _4.01 b 1132 1041.0
.. :,42.28
note:statistics i. 1199UDlnother cguJIty rste(6)is 57 48,i ,So3respecti' sly

-~~~
; ,- ,- ~~~
--.-.-. , ,. a
. n. .- . . -, -

_._* * *-,. *4 *- * ,,,si

_ . . 2 . . : , ., ; '
 1~~ * .- -;---0;
-r

. ,
in 3rcjal
grn d rI1n gri . ' -S

- . wt ler
it rcehemlceutl
ar" : - =------ --

.Z97r
_ 276 . s._ a

2.0r 4n-. nly t umerrini

n grni ra1tIIR -I
.ql - ., II I is S. ^ . 31 :
| trmIe(S) lUODUltot
Ag/Bpeoptle lOhlIBIna e.
kg.iuopien - -
____
- _____
- -- . 2 - a _ - :
6~~ ~D. II, is - D_ ,_ -- : '.' .
.-1O1
- # 5C.
s. I 1.31 St1 I3.
I 410
. .1, I
{c, SII
I C.ltZ - L 6.Z5 45I : :
. . 1s§5 52.n l.§3 CS~~5
- S.1:1:1 f;

fig. 0 4.15 69 5_1 2 :I

. .,
I.I n n I 3a1a
I,I.9_ 0_ 11: In
.~~~~~_
_ _ I . _ _ _ .- _ I_________-

15J2.t
, £13.0 2213.
; .1
_ l,5_l *Z 103
11 - - 1i.1UI 26.1 -

*~~ - ~~~~
,. - _

. 7nl§ 5." i31 ; 50 150 - 1J : -

-.-
. ~~~~ J___ -. -

. . .

I S

10...
Tmble 4 -18 Estiat-ins table on land bearing CAP:c.it
of resettleuent areas . -.

coumodity - elloff scientific nutriti on

rrate (f) -level nutrition standard
--- ~(100O0 . ( IcOOOc ;---
animla people) people)
grain product
1990 56.2 30.0 -13.37. 13.70 enousl, food type
heat 2400 kcal/ people
1.15 46.7 30.0 26.44 23.53 . dar
52.0 30.0 23.71 - 21.10- protein 703/people.
60.0 30.0 19.65 17.48 dar
-____
_- velloff type
2U00 32.5 30.6 50.53 44.93 heat 2800 kcall people
48.0 30.0 39.88 35.56 . day
60.0 30.0 31.55 28.12 protein 30g/people .
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _-
2005 38.7 30.0 72.48 64.26
da y
scientific nutrition
51.0 30.0 59.33 52.64 heat 3000kcaJ/ people
60.0 30.0 49.73 44.14 .dmv. - -
protein lOgs Ipeople .
2010 45.5 30.0 74.08 65.33 da-
53.0 30.0 65.02 57.42
60.0 30.0 56.62 50.01

104
 I.~~~~~~~~ . ' .

4.7.3 Evaluationconclusionon eenrironcent

4 capacity: -
Qualitative and quantitative analysis on ailmgrant,
environmentcapacity shiowsthat. :natural physical-conditions
social econosic environmentof Sbule River watershedand possible
production techniques .operation rethod .after irmigrants
resettleaent etc. , - will not become restrictivie factors of
environmentcapacity . -

In the rear of 2005 .potential population of the project;area .i

wiii be 0.3462- zillion ,irrigated area vil be increased hi'
46700 ha ,in addition to 20090ha of land occupiedhr canals,
ilVlages androads .Total barren land to he developedis 66700hI
,accountingfor T77A of the total reclaimablebarren-landof the
project area .Therefore . there is no contradiction between
populatfon and land resources .Per capita surface runoff'
possession is 3000a3 , whichis higher than the national average
level , andit is 2.2 times higherthanprovincial level.-.So .
land and waterresources canabsolutely accommodate 0.2million
immi.rants
..

it is noticed that prerequisite of analysis on env-ironment

capacity is control of natural population growth ,watersaring
and change of desert ecosystem into oases agriculture
ecos.s tea .during project implementation and 'stabilization of -
immigrants . degreeof derotingattention to theseaspects vili
decisivelr influence changetendencyof environmentcapacit.-

4.7.4 Environmenteffect on resettlement :

a. Fithfull utilization of landand water resources of Hexii
Region .iszisrants' resettlement notonlycanreachthegoalof
enou.gh food andclothes for immigrants , but it alsowill
provide the society. a great deal of commodity to create
conditions forimmigrants togetridof porerty mand.become rich
at thesame tife it will alleviate financialburdenof the
government , and havepositive social environment significance
for flourishing development of iesional
politics . economry,
cultutre . even for nationalities unityand social stabilit.-
b. Effect on ecolosical environment:
A steatamountof population viII immirrate andcause
herefromLproduction
andliving
activitiesmarresult in damase on -
vegetation , whicharemainlr
indicatedin 3 aspects :gathering
firewood demandedenormously due toinmigration . excessive
herdins to be cauised by?increased
livestockandexcavating
medicinal materials
drirenby economicinterest. Althorughthe
projectoverall plan hasplannedto constrtuct 1000 ha of fuel
woodforestry , tonevlrincrease62D0 ha of irrigated pxasture
and improve90000 ha of desert granny land . certain vesetation
wfll possibly be damaged due to following potential factors :
entering of a great numberof Populationand livestock , natural
105'
 lpasture cannot be enlargedin a short termgand affect Caused by;,:
artid climate , assusingnot effectivel.v solv rua energy and]
,*

not effectively strengothenmanoegunt on pastiure to prevent

pasture fromdeterioratinig9
Emisrationfrom middleand southern part of (IansuProvince
'will alleviate the I ixi!ting overload- capacity 'of naatural
resources, especially landresources of the -region *,t is -

favorable for withdrawingfromfarting and r-eturigto forestry

and herding t ransforuins ao untins and --taming riivers-
heightening productive potential of naturni- resources and
promotingsoundcirculation of ecological system and comwmuniy
-c. Topromotechangse
of people's~conceptandsocial Progress:
Resettlement at large scale will promoteexchangeof.-culture:'
Videologyand technoloar betweenpeople fromemigreated areas and
peoplefromumrbira ted areas.to l earn frmm.others,' strong
Points to offset one's wteaknesses , -to break conservative ideas
and receive new ideas . To. change-ideas fromrextensive
cultivation into intensiv cultivation ,o set up spiri t of
rel)inig on their ownefforts and workinghard for the 'prosperity.
Of the country, going all out to makehawe.rich . In addition
enlargeirentof immigrantdistance can reduce marriagebetween
near relations, toimprove population qufalitY.

4.F.5 Countermeasures :

a. 7o stipulate environment protection regulations

including protection and reasonable utilization of* water
resources andland resources. proatection on forestry and desert
vegetationi
rea
b. Tre'planting, tarresources protection
* improvement
of oasesmicronclimate
: according tothe projnect
development
Plan,tofinish construction
of various forestry,
andartificial
grazing laud; toconserve
Waerandsoil, to'improve
ecosistem

c. Toprohibit ovenrcuttingto strengthen

construction
o -f
pasturalenergy
, tospread energysavin mehods,touse solar
andwvind energy.
d. Tostrengthen construction
ofpasture
, toimprovegrass
output and animal loading capacity enclosure
to perform
,

* -herding toprevent
, excessiveherdingand deterioraetin
of-
grsslandanddeser-tification'.
a. Certain
requirement
is deanded
tovoluntary
migrants
to education
andtrainina,re
conducted
to themin a planned
way

106
-
 * ~ - ~ , 'fl '- '

f. Strictly implementing the lias and reguJatLion of fahily -

piunnangto control natural population growth .rate .mitigaLte
or avoid populationpressure on environwent
s. Theresettlement schedule mutstbe secentifi c rational
effective andeconoric to determineland area according to watelr
amoumt, determine according
population to.=landandresettle
immigrants bh stages , in turn and zonally .lVen a batch is
resettled ,the social supply and guarantee is strensthiened to
make then taking root in the-
area
ih.To strengthen managementon land , especially land for
residential usage , to spread water saving methods . and
strengthen construction of environment-protection unitsand
toperform
staffallocation, resular in
evaluation
environxent
theproject area * .

4.8Effect on rural energy:

Energysupply, in ShuleRiver watershed,hasclose

copnection withiecosystex According-to- of
inrformstion
Report compilingon Gansu ProvinceruralenergY andregional
planning" *Fumen City and.Anxi Count bhelong' to energy
abundantareas. Details refer to table 4 -- 18.

Table4 -- 19 Ruralenergy
structure area
of theproject -

percapita strav fuel animal coal power

possession, wood manure nining-
Yilmen 4912 5.42 e0.67 7.23 34.50 52.11

Alti 1l13 _28.20 2.36 32.78 24.45 12.20

Thec table 4 -49 shows :-per capita energv possession in Yamen

is veryrich, mainenergr is electricity and:coal, biological
enersyconponent is rerY small .Aainenergy in Anxi is aniral
manure andstraw, 38.GXof energy is coalandelectricity, .As
far as solar and windenergy area concerned.this area is one
the richest areas in China.
According to the different indices of " report compilation
on rural energy resources and divrisions of GasuProvince ' and
underPrerequisite to ensure 6OXof straw . animal excrementand
100? of grass as fertilizer and forage , forecasting on
biologicalenergs supplyanddemand wascarried out 'according to
foliowiqoformula: -.

* * ~107*
 -~ ~~~~W - '' -'

- -.--- ni --. .-- *

= K PJI + i)lt [8(j + I + i-t

#q'~~
,,~, S =
tb"*t
ii~f=0 ' .li

0 ti

n~ =14.1% 28.9i8.4
Table 4 -20 shows that besides ricityatdcoal as
elect
commercialenearg biological eneravaccounttsfor half of rural
energy . it can be more thanself '-adequacyv at low leivel elthbr
now -or on the resettlement stage . Upto Uteyear of 20000
consumptionof rural energyr will reach middle level .1t can be
seen thanta large numAber of imuigrants will inot cauiseshortage
of fuel in the pr-djectarea ,n and will not damagevegetationand
shock ecological system.
It is noitrecomNended
that firing straw is as mainenergy .If

it is real -needed to fire straw , straw saring stove is

recommendedrith improresment of beat efficiency .A'iltiple
circulation usageis recommended sketch 4 -5 l
as fJollos ini

heat
i1tra. can be used to generatemethaneto imnprove
(601) also be used as fertilizer
Genera
tin methaneis limtted to normaltempera
,tre as far as
suitable
temperature
forgferbenting . ronthil
average tempra tre
greater is about 6 months
than10 C in Aynxi
(April September ) In Ibsenisonly5 months (Ha -O

Septe ber ) andtechniques

are a restraint
. Utilization rate
Isonly 60o Straw
canbeusedas auxiliarenergy, using straw
inresettlement
areascansuppleNentate
1/4ofannual fuel
Annual outputofcoalin thisareamaintains 0.8mifllon tans
;and coalcanbe transported freomul!adjacent tothis area
Smallscale coal
sines ofthis areacanproduce 0.1 million ton
coalforthisareaOnthe basis of 5000 calorie ,b the year or
2010, withtotal populationof 0.3.576
million (injcluding
0.2
millionimmigrants) , ifannualcoaloutput is 0.13million ton
76.6.? of' energy demandcan be satisfied. In adtiition to
electricity and purt of straw . energy demand can be basically
satisfied for the prject area. Thereoore. energy supplyrand
demandof the project area can be balanced . therevillbe no
in1c8
Table i -- 20 Estimtdng on rurnl energFbioJogical material
energy supply. & demand

Supply quantity demand quantity * -

straw manure reod total

w &~~~~~
coal'- ~ '

193.0
J. in -kind 1.43 0.67 0.007
(lo0mill-
ion kg)
2. usable 0.573 0.271 0.007
quantity-
(100 mill-
ion kg) -
3. conrert 0.285 0.165 0.O04 0.454 0.430 0n024
intocoal
(p10miii-
.Iai kg)

4.Per capita245 142 3 390 370 + 2.9

coal(kg)
2006
1. 2.60 1.35 0_.015

2. /1.04 0.540 0.015

I 09.5170.26.90.009bSS75 0.642 0.153
4. 12.52 13) 4 387 3713 + 74
2010

1. /4.45 2.77 0.019

2. / 1.78 1.11 0.019
3. / 0.887 .672 0.01) 1.57 0.87 +7.fi.

4. I248 188 3 43f 243 +-i

109-0
Table 4 -- 21 category of diseases in areas concerned'in 1990

disease emigrated inuisra ted area.

cttegory areas to tal TumenCity etxi County
percent No. No. (.) 'No. () .tNo..

diges ti ve 25.17F 1 15.51 4 10.07 3 ITO0G 3

s.ysteff
- 15.739
legalinfect 2 6.51 5 7.46 5 5.44 5
iousdisease
respiratory15.33 3 16.5? 2 18.84 2 14.57 4
disease
injury
5 13.83 5 22.34 I 22.77 1 21.88 1
poison
circula
tory 4.89 6 6.50 6 5.36 6 7.71 5
disease
uriary 4.68 7 4.30 7 4.52 7, 3.47 7
disease - --

gynecology 14.60 4 16.74 3 12.06 4 20.96 2

disease
total 94.35 W9.45 87.08 91.08'

*110 .
 ecosystem pr-obleas duie to ,energy I13 the early -stage of"
£ r~~~~iesettlement,
:fuel forestri will be plafnted anodgradually adjust
rurial eneraystructure.:wiad. andsolar eneri' will be activelr j.
developed,to usemyultiple energy.cowmodity.energy will b5emain
couwpon
ent ,andseance
on ecosystem
c-an
be eliminateel

4.9Affect
on grouppeople's
healt :
4'.9.J Analysis on affective reasons

a. Diseases varieties differenice between eElurnted areas and

imnigrated
areas:
Difference in commondisease:

In the iswigra ted area ,patieat numbers of in jury and poisonIng

take the first place-.I the emigrated areas partient number of
disestive take first place
diseases Petails refer to table 4 I
'21.
*Infectious diseases .

There are 2 kinds of infectious diseases stipulated br the

Ministryr of Public Health:
A ±smallpox
Ty-pe .plaque . cholera

Typea diphtheria.. epidlemiccerebrospi no) ,pertussis

.scarlet
eruption,measles
. flu .bactiria
dsenter'y, amebicdysentery
typbaidfever and para.tphoidfever , hepatitisLssa.
anthrax In areas concerned
. type B contageous
diseases
are
differentsee table4 -25 .

Fraui
1986- 1990in theproject
resettleeent
area several
glandplaquepatientswerediscoveredmcused by active toucho-i
inf'ectings
animal(Peeling
Hlimalay-an
marmot.)
Comparings
withimirisrrated
areas. emigrated baremore
aileas
varieties diseases type B * such or mteasles
of infectious
blackfever anthrax.0 tpe
.pert1oils, cerebrospinal
-Local diseases In 13990
. total population ofeigra:ted areas
is 2.877million, totalpopulation
ofimaigratedareasis 0.246
million
. Detailsof localdiseases
of the2 areasreferto table
4 -23. Endemicgoiter, andlocalfluorineare widely spread
diseasesbut
rafeiethe2 areasconcerned
o ifetiusdieaestoe haveno cretinis--
,suh F111le

Rvdatid:sisare prevailingin the immigrated areas.

according
to 1990 inforluation
froa anti - epidemicstation.
incidence
amonganinalsare7.4$ ( in Jinquan) and.15.4-in
ComaeR
)ind positiverateis 3a653r
 ,. , _..1 Coinpktiseil _ I'-' donce
p.B inreetloas
~~~~~~~~~~~~di'seass

igeas emigtla4daLrca itmigtrated -Rtei

19901 -1990yearl99Oyear1986-1990
year year
1eoIery .393.77 138.40 210.56 305.27
Fattl
8a. 30.66 27.48 204.47 143.21
jholdfever - 0.66 1.62 . 0.41. 0.2
olr' ferer 0.73 1.43 1.22 98
58.
rulesl 8.27 16.82 0.OC 5.98
itlu16ul. 1.22 6.31 0.00 2.33
lidem
ic 0.66 2.13 0.00 0.08

IphLberia 0.00 ! 0.23

parysi6Fs
armat 0. 10 0.04 1 1
t-1hraQ 0.45 0.24 1 1
Ferer
jiank l.91 1.66 1 /:
B type 0.2 0.20 / /
|terehroslp[on .. -
~,>hus ' D0.00 .01 1i
I'GJISEI .__ °__oo___ -__o. 01-

;a .000
. .-- ,0.0 . - 1

*ktml - 137.98 194.48 1 41664 616.27

le:'/' meine
nothappen,unt:l:1/100900
112 *
*II I l;
 - - --

- - l

Greater tuberosi ty are auinly spread in eif. rated arens;.

suchas fezhens County Ad&u .Xinxian ,Zhouqu etc. Thsesareas
are endesic goiter anreas
-

4 --23
Table on localdiseases
Statistics in
incidence
areasconcernedin 19.90

)
rate 1/1000
(incidence

Diseases Emigrated area Imsigrated area ;

patients / incidence I samplingnuabert incidence

endemicgoiter 3460 12.03 . / 5266 21.37
local fluorine 7698 26.76 t 5224 21.19
hydatidosis 1 3.654

greater I
tuberosity 13626 4.74 1
K.eshan l
disease 28 0.01 I

b. Difference in drinking water condition:

Drinking water qurality has close connection withlocal
diseases . Water -sources of southern Ga'nsuhas, lowcontent of
iodine and Se .in this area incidence *of endemic goiter . -
greater tuberositv and Keshandisease are relatitely high
In the ijaigrated arew . surface ivater andshallow
nndergroundwater has lowcontent of iodine and hish content of
fluorine . caused endeaic goiter andlocal fluorine disease:
especially hish aineralization of rater withbitter water
potable water quali tY is tended deteriorating frot upper
reaches to lower reaches : deep undergroundrater contains low
fluorine and salt ;in recent eaarsthe project area extensively
pmps underground vater to laprove potab e swterqtuaity .and
got oritstanding achierexent .
c. Changeof living conditions : In terms of iani.gration,
changof natural
. social andeconoxic conditions is aJsooneof -
the reasons to affectpeople's health .

concerning affect
4.0.2tnaLvsis on humanhealth
*113-
 a. Prevailing9tendencyof disease:
Theproject area has no high incidenceof cancer.As far ats
endemicgoiter and local fluorine disease ar-e concerned locali
.

hfedical and anti-epidemic units are rnpable to prevent then

. [IM
gradual sufficient supply of food, people's health are in good
condition.In theproject-period , vithlap)lementation -ofimediceal
health pro gram people's health canhe ensured.
b. Prediction
andanalysis
on several
disea:ses;
injury andpoisonin-g: most voluntary immigrants arefrom
povertyareas, hithedication
poor .Afterresettlement ri'th
increase ofrcutivated land and farm machinern. therelobre
training on operators must be performed,to prevent Injury and
toxic bacillar.r dysentery.
codigestive infectious : table 4
disease 23 shows at present
--

d .senterv and hepatitis Aong digestive diseases are

relativelyu coomon in the immigrated areas . These2 diseases
closely relate with manure end sooth propagation ,that shoes
necessityu to protect water sorces and-- improve individual
traine and food Argysie in tbeimmirrated ares .At preseant
prevention against the 2 diseases in the immigrated areas rust
.be extensively carriledout to create a goodenvironment-for
enterof immigrants in
greatbatch

rn immigsrted area incidence of scarlet fever is decreased in

recent years with large fluctuation . Burstingprevailing is
common The disease belongs to streptococus infection acute
. .

respiratory infectious diseatse vict difficulty

, in prevention
.Inordertoreducedisease affect , it is plannedto strengthen'
propagnda on immigrants to prevent respiratory infectious
disease ,and to strengthentreatmvent
on patients.
coeisting disease in people and animal: Slack fever exists, in
forn of canine prevailing in the etiorated areas s has Jin An
ZWouqu ,langchang fudu;-prevention results.
arenot-good due
to illdogs and sand fli ( a kind of propagati on ) with
characteristics of resate and wild star with a few new
incidence Chinasand fly has 4 - 4.5 monthspgrorth periodin
Giansuand Qinhaf proviBnes . therefore ft will be possible for
prevailing as soon as patients and ill dogs enter the project
area . So in order toprevent diseasefrozpre;wsiling ,before
immigration fromrepidemic areas , patientsmutstbe cuired
,quarantine mustbe puton dogs,to prevent epidemic sources-
fromenitering .
Anthraxexaistsin emigra tedareas suchas JinAn Jishishang
C
County. Linila and lfezheng county -in these areas isindic
oinorities are majority :ricing cattle and sheep is one kind of'
family sidelines lerblvorous animals are most sensitire to

'114 N
anfthrarbacterium .infection through touching .food' and dust.
Therefore before entering, quarantine-inust be strictly, put on
animls in these areas .
Hydatidosis is not reported in emigrated areas .but it exists
in iasgrated areas .According -to case statistics br Jiuquan 1
Prefecture Hospital and FumenCity Hospital , -inthe year 1983
-- 1590 , 39 Jydatidosis patients were cured . 166200animals -
and rabbits were dissected ,positive rate accounting for 7.41X1
eliaination of disease canine epidemic- sources-: aiust be
strengthened ; with advocacyof individual hygiene ,bumanhealth
canihe protected.
* endemicgoiter- and local fiuorine -: With iodine to cure and -

prevent against endemicgoiter has special effect . Blut in:recent

yrears ,sale of self Jade salt shockedsalt with iodine in the
project area .which madesale of salt with itdihe decreased fro
64.121 of 1984 to 50.941 of 1989 in rural areas of Tunen, and-
also decreased from 20.301 to 5.74 1 inAfAnriCountyat same time
These obviously affected peoples' Iealth andmale increase oft
T
new.incidence . Therefore anti - epidemic departments shouldr
cooperate with industrial ad conercial administrations to take
action to force-local salt manufacturers to add iodine in salt
,so this disease could be quickly elminated in the "project area

Local fluorine .with relative bigh incidence in Anai and Fumen

,is a key disease being cured in the project ar Through
inrestigation on potable water sources ,surface water and shallow
underground water has feature of high fluorine but deep -

undiergroundwater has feature of low fJuorine .Since 1980's ,by

meansof disging deep wells to prevent fluorine disease ,there
are 40 beneficiarjr rillages ;fluorine spotted teeth incidence of
etildren at f were decreased from previous 23-39- to 2--Bd
,with outstanding results .It is planned to provide potable water
from tube wells for immigrants , so fluorine disease will nt
menaceimmigrants' health. -

4.9.3 Analysis concerning favorable affect on humanhealth:

At present, 851 or land in Ym en and Ansi rural ares are
cultirated by farn machinery .rsich greatly reduced labor
intensity .per capita income is 1000yuan , the area is one of
highest income areas of the province . The project wilt greatly
inprore Ifving standards of imigrants.
In resettlment with consideration of administration and
various nationalities in the emigrated areas and immigrated areas
,livins habits and religion of imnigrants in communitieswill be
respected. adaptability procedure of home sick and
interpersonalityr in communitiescan be narrowed;

* 115 !
 Jiiuranfts from southern GMnsU Province can getrid of
Menaceof greater tuberoistr ,Jeshan disease and endemic
goiter
due to shorta.r of Iodine

4.9.4Evaluation conclusion:
cotrdition
a. Peopie's health Or immigrated areas are in good.
,and rarieties Or infectious diseases areless than thatin
emigrted areas .Duringimplementation or immigration . health
and anti epidemic departments will surk out practical easures
-

on prerention and quarantine accordingto relerant infectious

diseases in the areas concerned . to prevent bursting of.
infectious diseases..
b. As far as wain local diseases area concerned-, the
successful experience concerning water qualitv improvement
against fiuorinebY dissing deep vells can be applied in the nev -

resettlement areas, to prevent burting-or local fluorine

diseases . rmeans of using salt witf iodine . local fluorine
disease can be prevented . Authority- concernedzust strensthen
managementon monopoly salt sales , and protride iodine agent to
individuals and local salt manufacturers , and eliJmination of the
disease can be exTpectedsoon in the project area ;
C. Potable water sources with high content of sulphate in .
the project area mar cause temporar.rdiarrhoea., some.explanation
willbe giren to immigrants , and certain, Mredicine vill heb
distributed to themto help them successfully p.ass this short
Period
d. Health organization.at scale were established in-
certain
the project area . Accordins to theproject plan -, relevant
nedical organizations willbe established . so peoples' health
car-beensured.

4-9.5 Health progm of the resettlement areas

According to the eighth five - year plan and plan for the
-

year of 2000 regarding health undertaking in ,JiquwanPrefeture

*, by the rear ZO20 there vili he 3.83 professional mredic.l-
staff andt2.59 hospital beds for every- 100 people in Jiuqinn
Prefecture :after completoion -af resettlement . Sl medical
staff will be needed , aong wltich. technical staff are 66-
people , vith 518 hospital beds . If it is.planned to reach
present lerel of FTwenCity and Anxi Counts., . 930 medical staff
will be needed ( amongwhich . 791 technical people . and 6f31
hospital beds ) . If it is planned to reach leveJ of - medical-
staff and 5 hospital beds for very, a100-deople . 1400 medical
ktarf and 1056 hospital beds will he required foiuses
o for 16
hospital will he 25000 it in total for normal operation -

* 116.
 ~~~~~~*- - .- - . . ,.wi *l ';

-4.10 Efrect on cultural relics and historic sites :

4.10.1 Effect on cultural relics andhistoricssites
:

Theprojectareais thehowetorn of China'sDunhuan.teulture

;the limous ancient * Slk* Road ¾ -, wich links Riddle Asia ,and--
Europe .travels throusgh the project area . With a grea,t deal of'o
historic -sites andancient books and records, refiecting ofl
oases vith green streams , and vast godi mirage , scenery of
snow ice covered lilian Nountain , this is a careeree and joyous
tourism site.

However. richand colorful tourist sourcesare-located in

relative remote mountains and deserts . ith. restraints of
transportation . the developed tourism sources mainly are relics
. so-tourism potential-is great in the project area .

Immigrants resettlement area-far from historic sites , so

there is no submersion , Materlogging
and daNase on cultural
relics sites. All cultural
andhistoric relics and historic
sites in oases. are well protected . With" Lawon cultural
relicsprotection- strikingroot in theheart of people
people willprotectdiscovered or undiscovered cultural relicsa-
and historicsites in the- project 'area during project. .
construction

Project development will promote industry and agriculture

Production -;vit booNisg market economYand graduallfper rectedl
transportation and. beautificati'o of environment . tourism
development of. the project area will be promoted And the project
will produce favorable effects on restoration of cultutral relics --
and'grottoes.

4.10.2 Protection measures:

a. Strengthening propaganda and education on new imnigrants-

- and pour educated villagers , let .themrealizethat China's
cultural relics and historic sites area not only precioius legacr
for China but also for the world.' -

b. To seriously carryout CulturaJ relics protectioin act of

People's
Republic-
of China " , to establishand perfect
.manasexent orsanization. topreventloss,damageandtraUfFckic g
ol cultural relics. -

c. Deteraining-cultural refics protection limits , to make

unified plan tourism and relics protection ,paying attention to
environmental construction around culturalrelicsand historic
sites, topreventrecreation pollution . |

4.1)Effect on agriculture
production:

117-
 :.-:4.11.1
Toimprove
water rate ofagriculture
utilization
production . -

Accordingto-present plananddesign ,after completion of the

project , vith increasedreoulation capacity ofChangma Reservoir,
,and cowpleteof-water facilities of the irrigation districts ,'
agriculture WkaterUtiliti till be -inproved - bYr88 million 53
accounting for 2.3 times ofrpresent quantitr t waterfor -
irrigation critical period Ray to June: will be ensured -n.
addition 148 million m3water for-farmprotection will be ensurred :
it will changewater us.agestatus foragricultwue ecosystem and-
grass ,and. area'of artificial forestry and pasture wilIbe
enlargedby 6 ties. -. - - -

4.11.2 Improvementof cultivated land productivity :

Vater resources developrent of Shule River watershedWill
imprnvewatersupply capacitr and ensured degree of river runoft
.It will create conditions for enlargement.Or . irrigation area
but it vill reduce recharge of undergroundwater ,tocause drop
of water table , it is favorable for c-ultivated land
productivity.
Chanseof undergroundwater will greatLv affect climate and
soil conditions of the development area . Frompoint view of
climate condition, effective accumulatire temperature ore' 0 C'.
assthermalindet will be affected byrsMte table -.Accordtlngto
*test information of Yuren water table drop below 2 -- 3c .if
will actuallr increase about 350 C of effective accuaw/latire
teaperature . Drop of.water table will iake ground temperature
rise . These changes are favorable for growth of crops .Frow
point
viewofsoilconditions;,
dropof water
table
inirri,ation
-districts is extremely favorable for and already promoted forsing
of irrigated silting soil --- the best soil .At present there
are 51200 ha of gross land area in the developmentarea , among
wvhich, area of irrisated silting soil is 40600 ha-. accounting
for 66.331 Goodtransform of climate and soil conditions due
to drop ol'water table vill greatlry fpimovecultirated land
productiritr . Comparisonbetween cultivated land of Changun
1rrisation District due to drop of water table and cultivated
land of Tinra and Fuangghun fargs vith relative bigh and long term.
stable water table., sketch 4--5 shows .grain yield of Changia
Irrigation District is steadily growing from the year of 1960
but yield of cultivated land of the 2 farns is hesitated .Brit
from 1.98 , the Z farms started drainage works . water table
dropped , with other inprrts , so grain vield is greatIl risirng,
Practice tells us : if water table of cultivated land is too
high , exceeding critical depth of crop growth ,it villbe still
'difficult to improve yield . even if with othler input . The
prerequisite is drop of water table or construction of drainage
works to reduce soil salinity, otherwise it wiJJget half the
results with twice the effort
*j118j
 4~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - 3- S;

All in all, development of miter resources sill-improre -

cueitirated land productivityv . It is forecasted, that: after.

completion of - the project water table viii .generaJir'tended,
dropping because of improvementof surface. wat'er utilization rate
and reduction ol' underground recharue -quantity . Aftect an
climte and soil condition is : arerage, effective accbaulative -
temperature will increase in the development.area, w.th rise oe
ground temperature ,area componentof' irrigated silting 'soail: iili.
be increased , thererore land productivitr will' -fur ther be
iprored . In the higher water table areas ,' impleentation:
iafter
of drainage plan, land productilityr aJso can be improred

4.11.3 To optimize crop structure Jor axlimux benefit :

In 1.990 amongproduct value of agriculture . forestr.t

animal husbandry, and sidelines of Ansi County and TlaienCit .y
agriculture 'product ralue accounts for 74.81 and 70.59%;animal
husbandry product value accounts for 26.7* ;bntforestn,r product
value only accounts for 2.32rand 1.31 .-It showsthiatt
:derelopaent of forestrY is far more behind . that of agricul tiure
and animal husbandry , structure component imbalance between
agriculture and forestryis existing:and it willrestrain j
development Or the all .

In the desert oases, grass and forestry are' the ker elements
to main balance of ecology ;forestry , especially high trees,
are playing positive role in sandy and vindy Heri Corridor areas
In order to effectivelr protect 'oases. and prevent crops from
dama.gingby vind .it is necessary to do afforestration in -oases
.to .prosbush , arbor and grass belts .It is studied that: under
protection of forestry belts . farm land can be protected from
stron. rwindsand dry hot wind .E.rperience of oases construction I
or Xin.jian (andQinhal prolinces show that : coverage o foIrestr.r
in oases culltivated area accounting for over lOX , ecological I
balance can be turned into sood circulation ,and yield of-crops
can be improved . - '

At present , coverage rate of forestry in the development

area is only 6.391 ,itis 2 tires higherthanbefore . But it
stillfar behind requirement forecologicalbalance.Stron.qwind
alszvd attackthedevelopment area . hindstorm. warned people
that:ifhighattention is notpaid toiorestry , winddisaster
in oases will not be redtuced

Area of natural pasture is about 0.2267million haI brrt

situation is that: severe drought. thinresetation . lowgrass
output , less grass varieties and low utilization, rate . |
Therefore , high quality irrigated pastureand toprotect'
natural pasturearerequired

a. layout principles for agriculture structure,:

- *119-
 - - J:'l -s4'W.W g .'; "i

Under the condition of fuil and reasonableUtilization of.

water and land resoutrces ,to protect oases ecologt 'for nood
circula tion ,grain production will be quickened to fulb develop
agriculture, I o?estry and animal husbandrr,....to reach thegoal--:-
or one people is earigrated . 2 people are relaxed' and 3 people
are anl happy a Earimi agricuilture product value .
and -
h. 'Optimum
ibrecasting on agriculture structure layout :.
On the basis of phksial situation -of Shuie Ri ver watershied
. in consideration of agriculture forestry and pasture-- lyou .
and:lyvout of groin crop. and cash' crop . .liJnear programing
vethod is adopted, variables and gain inde.r see-table--4 -- 24 .;
* object) ire variable: objettire runction is agriculture gross :
product value axirufm . to extract XI, RZ . 13 14.
Z 15 t 0)-
then to &ake
Z (Clansia) = 552011 . 705012
'+ 1505X1+ 450D14
*F 75D.M5..,.

Z Shuansta +' 7515.2 + 1501X3 * 450014

5505511 775015

tD get marimu-value and satisfy withfollowins restraints L

Restraints;
R total area of cultivated land '.It is plannedto
detelop 56500 ha in Chansg and 35700 ha in- Shuangta . so -.

restraints are:
ChangnaIrragation District XI -f .rT3 .14 : 5.69
Sbuansta Irrigation District Xl *X2.f3 + 1 43.07
Watersources restraint
V : long ters average runoffof Shule
River is 1.031 billion z3, after deducting wter fror industry.
water- to be transferred to CIhiiun Reservoir *vater for vain and
trunRk base forestry belts' of - Chanoa, irrigation- Wter for
agriculture is. 883.3 million oi3And according to the principle
to fir land by 'vater " , ChangmaIrrigation.District can get 572.4
million r3 , net irrigation quantitv is 354.89 million :? -
Shunnta Irrigation District can get '310. 9 ilnlio u , net
irrigation quantity is 192.76million a3 '.Sowater quantity
restrains are:
ChangraIrrigation District:
62401T1+ 62251Zf 412513 f 450014. 180015o3548 9 H3)
Shuangta.irrisation District:
]l9276 ( 3 )J
6241.T1+ 517512+ 412513 + 450014 + 1800UT5
Canal maxrimum
net water passage restraint
rrrisation Uistrict:
Changua
.120.
0.470511 ft 0.337482 434.72 (Si)'

Shuangta
IrrJgntion
District:
0.4425H) f 0.20362W 0.J858X3 l. I ( 8'1 )j

Totalgrain output restraint: including 0.2 million iSul grants

total agriculture population viii be 0.35- mIllion (Incildins.
Hunhal) ,P er capita grain production in. the develoj*ent anrenis.
.900 . 1000kg .In the -future suitable population .scale is 205 -.

lillion , Shtanstais 0.105aillion .. Oecnuseculti vated land of'

ClIaungaIrrsantion District is better .than that- ofSlunngtn , with -
consideration.of tine for soil maturation. -. .Sooin restrailnt

Changma; 5775X1
. 20500 (thatis 205000
people
x I000kg
-:
: 528011J41450(- that .is nS0o00people x 900kg9)
'Slhuangta ;

E-cology restraint : Area of farm forestw, ofOhanowa

Irrigation District should. not be smaller than 101 Of total .
culti rated hand, that is 14 > 0.57. 1000.hla); that of
Shuangstashould not be smaller than 151 of total cultivated
land
,that is 14> 0.46 1000 ha). - .

Area of artificial- pasture and area of multiple cropping

should notbesualler than30% of totalcultivated
land1thjat is

ChagsmaIrrigation District : 13 415. 1.71 (1000 ha ) . --

Shlaangta
Irrigation District : 13 + X5. 0.92 (10I a) - .
* Results :7o put aboveobjective function and restraints into i
computerfor eitraction ,- andgot optimuu agriculture structure'
layout . refer to table 4--25 .In Changma Irrigation District 77 --
for grain crop , 23? for cash crop ;in Shuangta Irrigation
District .781 forgrain crop , for
r3* cash crop . -

There are manYelements which affect agriculture structure

layout , with serious shortage -of grain in Gansu , land
productivit.v is the most element which affects, agriculture
structure of Shule River watershed . Improvement of crop y-ield is
the Eost essential Prerequisite for agricultutre structure
adjustment .The forecasted agriculture structure is close to tile
proposed planting componentin thte feasibilit&r study , that means
this agriculture structure is reasonable ,after implemenitation -

better economicand ecological effects will be reached

4.11.4 Affect on agriculture production of the emigrated ureas:

*121.
 Sketch 4-6

64w Grain Yield Variation Process Over the Year of Villages .

.0 and Farms in ChOangmaIrrigation District1 /I

I =- - -i: _ Villgo;age
.-- luanghua Farm
Ylnma .arm ..

0 c, , I 1 : ' j\W,.JZ _ Z -10 : i---0d,~J-1

- ~ ~ ~ ~~9A.a
- . -

'S ' '- I : ' ' ' ' ' ' 0 " ' ' ' '
' C : , . ' ' ' '' t
*D
/ *'.--'
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
..
Table 4 -2- 2 Variables and index conrcerned
in the development area

.Irea grain cash nartificial- forestr. mtiltiple

(10000ha ) croBc crop paosture land c-rPp ing

variable / .11 12 13 4 .5

planned Chang 5775

C 3915 15000 4500 75000
yield 'a
(kg/ha)
IShuang528(1 4)70 15000 4500 7500*-
ta - t
- - - -- -
___- -- -- - -- -- - --- -- -- --- - -- -___
_____
__
__
planned
IChan 5520 7050 1500 4500 750
rnit a -
product --------------------- _-_
-_______
value 1.Shuang 5055 7515 1500 4500 7b0
(,uan/ua) ta
planned I Chiang 0210 6225 4125 4500 1800
unit netl aa
irrisqa- ------------------ -------- -
-tion Shuanig 6240 5175 4)25 4500 1800
I ta
(a3/ha)
net irriga
thin rate/cbang 0.4765 0. 3348
in peak ma-

10000 / Shuang
ha ) J ta 0.4425 0.2036 0.3853

*123 *
 4
Tabile -- 25 Forecasting
onoptimrn.
agsucuitulre
layout
st.ructuare
--------
- - - - - ~~ - ---

name ider total'sraincash artififore-a ;ilti-

total
cial strypie 1value
crop croppasture
landsrass (10000

Chng :area 5.69 3.55 1.04 0.53 0.57 1.04 .31057

dis- coaiponent
100f 62.
4 18.3 '9.3 lo 20.7
trict
- - - - - - ----- ------…

Shitag area 3.07 1.79 0.52 0.30 P.461.18 163752

dis- component
100 58.4 16.9 9.7 15 38.4
trict -
flu, area 1.07 0.67 0.27 0.1(10.110.22 58.44

dis- component
100 62.1 18.3 .9.3 10 20.7
124.t
 imaigrationiof- the,project. not aniv,can help, the immiJgranits
yetridof' povertybut also will reduce populationi~Pressure.of-.
the emigretedareasandbr-ingabout outstanding social effects.,
.As flaras theeelJtirvated
lanidto be vacatedtby Imuigrants Js
concer-ned.somveof themwill ibe.returnied fr-omFarringto
forestry andherding , solve
-will be allocatedl to others for
farming . Total imi grantsare0.2 million~ . accouintingfor
7.212'of population or' the emigratedareas . On Lthebasis of 0.13
ha Per capita .20 OG ha of cultivated ,landcan he vacated:
population pressur-eof the emigratedarea will he relaxed , per,
capita land possession is increased ,and g9rainPossession per
capita will be increased . Thiswill not provide prerequisite to
supplyenoughtoadand clothesroir
thepeoplein theevigra
te
areas,hut-italsocreatesconditionstoadjustruraleconomic
structureand to coordinate
Population
andeconontr
r-elations

4.11.5 To relaxTgrain situation of Gansu

Province:
Popuilation Research.Institnte of, Lanzhoui Unirerqit.r
,according9to recent si tuation of'
agricul
tareprodutction in the
dcevelopmentare1 ,undfer teclhnol oar , reasonable policy- and
* policy ,uade estimates 00 -population
~~~prefer-ential and
.land

neat production of threresettlement areas ..Detaiis refer- to

table4 - 269
It is estiza ted that :froa the year of 2000 the -agriculture
developmfentafla vill stairt growing * byvthjeyear .2000.grain'-
ouitputwill be increased bsv 106 Million kg .cortpringwith159Sf?
* ;hs'~A
theyearor 2010output willbe increased byv275million kg
Comparing with1990 ;aet.qraio increase of the newlyreclaimed
lJand willbe 225million kg Ay theyear_ of 2010. 11 mfifllon 1wf
of moilmateri.il will beproduced,witb2-70~million kg7beetroot
.25 million kg mreat. Pai that tine agriculture will steadily
grow.enchyear Providing200 zillionkg coinercial gra-in
equivalent to 315 orfnet grain which were tranispor-tedfrom othier
provinces in thepast, it willsolveproblemi of'ration grain Jol-
'1.3 million people in thze middle dry area and souithern areas of
Gansu. With sjradn growrthof the developmenzt area,resold,grain
of theemigreated areawillbereduced dueto eEl sinted population
anid grain increase. According to theinformation by - Lianxi
Agriculture Hfeadquiarters , from10182--lOB?7 fovernment resold
grain whicli ein's provided tomiddlJe arid areasweredecreased
fr-om 285 million kg to 145.zillion kg in 5 s'ears half' h-ere
reduced due to rural relbra and immigration efF'ects GOn the
basis of 100 kg resold gr-ain for per capita .each r-ear 207alllion
kg9mgrin ii be r-eduicedlbr 0.2 million immigrants ;in 5 rears
r-eduction is 100 million kg . 26700he of'landwillbe raca tedby,
immigrants .with present uniit yield of 734 'kg / ha * 22700ha
tfand canproduce 46 million kg .r9in;itwill supply, enough Mond
for 0.5 million people in theemigirated arevas( 3020 kg per capita?
) . Immigration and r-esold grain together can provide- enou.qb1 fin!t
for1.11zillion people . rFtevery yeareach ami.qran( has 272 *.,I
SUrpllus graiin . 1.8 mililioni peopele's f'ond proiblemin the - mviddle
1 25~
...and.southernpart will be salved This will areatJly relax'
.

tension Or grain supply in Gansu Province :,the obvious result -is -

tfhat considerable amount of financial subsidy for transporting
grain from other provinces will be saved ,and financial burden
viiibe lightened

4.11.6 Effect on unvoluntar,r iaigrants' agriculture problem

The unvoluntary jinAigrants ,in the early stage of-

resettlement,
vill bringunfavorable
factors
in soilripening
,in short termagriculture income willbe decreased .But because
of good condition of resettlement sitesf plannedin Fuuen rown
or Hfuahsi ) ,their. agriculture productivity will he guickly :
recovered ,and living standard willnot be affected .

4.11.7 Counter jeasures :

a. Protecting and maintaining various water facilities in

Ehleproject area , to ensurenormal run or the facilities , to
educate people and severely punish damagers of water facilities

b. Actirely detelop sechanisi ,to train agriculture

technicians and prevent extensive
cultivationpractice-

c. SimultaneousJy
andstrictly'develop
agriculture
.forestry
and animalhusbandrY in certain proportion, to change the idea of--..
onlypavingattention to agriculture and underestimatingforestry
and animalhusbandry
, to construct
wind breaking
andshelter
,toirrigate
forestry forestryandpasture
, topunish
damagers
of forestr.v
andPasture

4.12 Affect
on environment
in construection
period:
From east ( Auahai IrrigationDistrict ) to west (lihu
tbranch cana] ) af Juzien Citv and Anxi County ,r area of
construction sites is 260 knZ .Hain featrures are : a great deal
of structures , larse area with considerable poiMs ,open
construction sites and convenient transportation

Hain affects on environment in construtction period area as

4.12.1Eycavation affects on environment:

Thegain excavations are excavation frowaterresources works

and land levelling , involves large area and long lines . The
excaration is
secondarr excavation for agriculture development
worksand sorksflrimmigrants . The k7iter resources
auxiliary
jupcture works are located in valler areas in the middle
section of Shule River and lowersectionof ShbLou River .with
* 126 *
 * f . -~~- ..-. ~ I :S

concentrated excavation faces and large quantityar- The.valle-

areas have thin vegetation with bare rocks , withouit unique V
scenerr and rare precious species-. Excalation willnot obViouslyi
aifect ground scenery,and vegetation , with local change of -.

topography . Vtit completion of 4- .vears' construlction , trees -

will be planted around power station , new landscape and
artificial regetation with economic and ecological benefits til I

appear - Canal works are widelr distributed,. in hbarren and -

salined meadow areas ,with thin regetation and local -bare ground
aind'cobbles . Excav-ation
of canals will not obviousl, affect
environmentin quality and quantity . But in 10 years the dansed
desert ecological balance" will be quicklr ireplaced . by
artificial oases with 54600 ha land and high efficiency . Durin.q -
reclamation, ground surface vill be improved by means-of
. Construction of
aflarestration resettlement- areas wilJ not
affectenvironment
adversely.

affect
4.12.ZDisposal -

Totalrockandearth excavation for juncture-. c.analand

drains ;is 59.00 millionm3 .During construction -, af-ter
backfilling. the remaining quiantity Is 30 milliona3 .These
disposals willbe placedin depressed desertareas withoutflood
passage requirenent , disposal willnot occupycultivated land
and cause secondarypollutiondue to leaching.30 milliono3 of
disposal arescattered in Mazr construction points , withsnall
pilein largeareas.itwillnot adverselr affect
environment

4.12.3Noise affect

In construction period . noisesourcesare composed s

of 3
parts : 1) traffic ; 2) various machinery and equipment ,,3)
explosion for exccavation . Excavators duml dozers ,tractors
,roliers , mixers. drillers and air compressors rill work at
varioussites. Noise will not produce big influence , due to
folloving reasons : 1) decentralized constrtuction sites , 2)
groundis flat , with many windy days fav-orable fornoise
diffusion , 3) wi th less popilJation at construction sites (
, onlykorkers)
nearlyno residents . Construction
noisevi l
mainLyaffectworkersat site.

4.12.4Bustalfecton environment

In construction , landlevtelling
period, reclamation . canal
buildinsand construction areaswillcause dust
of residential
theprojectareais a dr.yareawithlessrainfall

in April-
Monsoonis prevailing Nay in this area .In the
and soving . land i
or spring wheatseedlings
periodof emergenjce
levellingwillproducedust ,and dustflies aroundfieldswith
largeareasand minor-
affect
127 -
 :I _ I ,,

-Oust will have minor.afrect -on residential :areas. orkerls

will sulerfron diust, and labor protection regulation iJbhe
applied

Aftect on people's health in construction period :

4.12.5
Becauseof relative- concentration of construction staff -
ensineering , trafficking, dust and rubbish . it is CIsyto
prevail some commondiseases in , the project area , such as'
drsentery hepatitis , to -endanger
construction stafr
Therefore, under supervision of---departsrents concerned
constraction units must perfornprevention works and resular.- .
medical checks on wurkers. Somecasualties sayoccur.
Medical technical Jevel of the project area is 2.3 tives
hisher thAn the efigrated areas it is ensured to avoid
prevailing diseases in large areas

4.12.6 Counteraessures
a. Construction unitsrfil conduct skill examinationand
guide on its staff , to preventoccurrence of casualties ,to
improve
wirkquality.
b. Construction units shall put workers' labor welflarein
effectin accordance
withlaborprotection-regulations
to carryr
periodical epidemicprevention and inspection
out'
c. To conduct propagandaand educatido , to reduce damageon
terrestrial biota
d. To green disposal areas ,to control dust ,to install
silencing and damping facilities if possible

4.13 Briefanalysis
orisocialeconoMy:

Resettlement will relyon the principle of igras tion for.

development,inigrants vill provide output and incomeafter,
receirin.q gorernwent support anodinput to derelop econoi.r and
rebuild their homes. Investment of the project includes costs on
rater resources works ,pover works land reclamation
.resettleaent . social serrice , rural enterprises .education etc
Rlutbenefits of imigration includes income or newsettlers
throughl economic activity in immigrated area and reduced
economicburdenbeing taken by the State -
Underthe prerequisite of full watchinginternal fund and
good circulation of ecological environment, withont consideration
of lund profit and investment duration . by the Year of 2005 .per
capita annual net income is no6 yuan in the project area ,net
-128-
recovlerylrate of annual investent is 17.91l1 ,mon w ich
annual net income per capita for forwr resident is 10.18yunn
fotoriuigrant is 836 yuan, it is 3 -tines comparing with that
bef ore resettlement wet recovery, rate of annul average V - -
investment is 10.45 . Thelong term effect of -intesntment
changes i;rerious reliel' method of the governsent ,and it kill
J
reduce gorernment's burden, - igirants not Only can gel rid of'
poverty but also will becomerich .

4.14 Risk analysis

'4.14.1 Risk analysis on earthquake and flood
In accordance wiith checked conclusion of Risk analysis |
report on earthquake and seismic basic intensity- of Ciangma -
Reservoir damsite - bx Lanzhou Seismric Research Institute or the-
State Seismic Bureauin Jtne .1892 : n Basic seistic intensit.X
of ChlansgiReservoi damsite is 8 degree. Geological conditions
are complicated here ,slopes around damsite is stable .,ault |
zone is not actire .It is allowed to construct dam vith 54- t

leLqht and using local materials under the seismic and

geological conditions - In the future 100 years .earthquake
to be caused by regional active fauJt zone willproduce 8 degree
of maxrimumrintensity on Chansmadamsite . Stochastic earthquake
around dawsite will produce maximumof 7 degree intensity
.kithin 250 ks rangeor 2 sides of Changeaearthquake fault zone
, earth quake over 9 degree will not occur .That is Chan ''-
Reservoir datsite is located in the range of I degree strong
earthquake and shock absorption
In the running period ,because water storage willcause local
ground stress unbalanced and load of the dat . according to
roi agonalgeological tectonic , in future 10 years there is
Possibility for CLhanwquaReservoir to occur stochastic earthquake
affect below 7 degree of maximum intensity .In reservoir running
period, possibility of induced earthquake , bel)orv 7 degree
maxrimumintensity .can not be ruledout .Vith flood exceeding
standard ( flood over 2000 years encorntered once, withflow
of 2670 x3/s J . possibilftr of overfloir aid dam collapse to
endanger dowenstream areas will exist .
Earthquake in ChansgiaReservoir area is below 7 degree :dao;
site basic intensitr is 8 degree .In the desisn ,anti-earthquake
measures were considered . With little chance of extree flood .
even if occur flood encountered pnce 2000 years,souetemporarl
prevention measures can be taken to prerent floodfrom orerflow;
* If construction qualitr or operation management is poor , dam
collapse withsudden floodwill be caused . Affects on downstream
areas are as follois

129 -
~~- - -- - ' ' ';;-' F

a. At.certaznextent flood will affect

ChangaA
bitei intake .
*Jrncture,about 16 A aa.mi. Butvith good conamucatioa7; by
meansof openingall dischargeand sluice gates flood orerflorw
dan can he prevented.
b. Affects on Chan neia. old feeder canal::
rhe feeder canals on the right bank.of Chaugma Rirer
.excepting I ki section near the rirer, the rest sectionls are
rar and highlerthan the rirer bank . with flood preitentiondams
and rlood aqueducts.so flood abuse of dan coll]apse rviiJnot.
seriousil afrect the canals
c. Affect on Chlangavest feeder canal : -

rhe feeder canal is located at downstreasof the reservoir .

about 50--55 ka away, roaxeast to vest basically with lerel of
contour .acrvss 17 flood gullies in the desert with widthi of 45
kx -Reserroirflood abuse travels 500- 55 ka and enter the flood
sullies .it is estimated that flood flow rill decreased to 1221
r3/s .Wth flood dischaie structures .safety, of the feeder canal
canrbe ensured.
d. Affect on Laxrin railway Frt -Ten Tow rto Qisnang
Section : the railway is located in the north side of Changna
west feedercanl . with goodbridse and'cvirerts so flood. vill
,

not affect te railway .

e. Affect on YoaenTown:The tomnis located in east side of
Change feeder cama, the to&wwill not be affected.
All in all ,in runningperiod ,ChangnaReserroirs possibility
or random&erthuake and inducedearthiquake to affect - the damr
at
certain ertent .Dan collapse will endanser ClChanoma
feeder canal
headvorksit certain ertent , btt it. mill nt seriously affect
safetr of life and property railrw.r and highway in the
dosnstreaaareas ,with Jittle risk.

4.14.2 Risk analysis on resettlenent

Resettlement is a maincomnent of the project , it Will
directly affect derelopment, inrestnent and ecology of the
project area . Accordins to project progress ,o reasonably
arrangeresettlement sequence.-with ensured-soturcescf living and
dail.r consumable supply ,resettlenent will accelerate
construction of the project and bring out good effect .Poor
resettlement:, without ensuredsupply, will adrersely aff ect the
project . lain risks are as follows:

* 130
 * ;' ' b ' . ' | . ' 0. {. . ,- i~~ ,:, . ;bf .cT , e ;o - . -2
1 4

a. Risk on diggingpsaumophYrte : If fuel cannot Ile ensnedt

at earlyjpstages , a great denIlof inrigrants viiidig esetation :
to . cause bad circulation of thie weak desert ecolog.ical
--
environment With ihbaalanceof ecolosg . sandy wind .ill 'attack
oases
b. Riskt on some imsigrants moving bacl. 'Kain-reasonsfor
possible moving back area as follows :t ;Climate, er and land-.
unfitting . especiallY sandLymonsoonand aridity .local Potable:-
batel withhigh aiNera1ization and hardness ; vast. Jandzwithless
population. Newadaptability'. nercutstom vill take sometimefor
iirmgrants to fit . Progress and quality of soil ixprorement aill
directl.y affect -ijisrants' livingstandard . Dilf'erent
cultiration andproduction methiodswill affecct iMAigraints

4.14.3
Riskon shorttage
ofirrigation
water
in lovwater
year :
InShuleRiver watershed ,hater means oases . In-low ater -
Jyear in ChlansgaReservoir ( P = 751 J-,annual runoff is 858.-
zillion 3 , irrigation water will be decreasedbyv 173 hillion-m.?
.Discarded water of t*e reservoir will, be. reduced from t105.
million 3 to 50 million 53 . actual shortage of irrigation water.
is 118 ailliom aJ ,it vill] arfect agricultuire at certain extent
.Bit spread of water sarin.g and scientific irrigption -anid
exploitation of underground wamterwill Tlhasicall.,r solve tile
problem . Jn lowwateryear (P = 851 ) runoff of the rirer -Js
782 ,uillion m3 , shortage of irziation rater is. 14 million m3.
.liat means:axong 98200ha of irrigated land, 14600ha l-and
will be given up in this- year . Through. water equilibrium :
analysis, .Changaa Irrisation District is shortage or 92 million
#3 , Shuangta Irrigation District is.shortage of 43 million n3
Also exploi tating more underground water-, to- reduce annual
irrigation frequencr ; in the rich water year .undergroundxater
can be recharsed to pregrentdrop of knter table
In low wateryear, agriculture and ecological enrironaen! -
willbe affected. Butwitheffective -measures, disaster c.anhe
reduced,

4.14.4 Counter measures ;

a. To ensure qualitY of the dam,to vell perfros forecastinga
on stron. earthquake and flood'to be encountered once eveia- 2000
,years . to check spiliuxy for normal operation
o. To carry out propaganda and education norks, befare
imisration .let immisrants recognize enrironment - of the-
ixiuLrated aensin RexiResion . letthex getreadt-
fordifferent
natural andsocial conditiouis of the imigrated areas..
Tocreate
culture and recreation conditions for imai.qrants , toredulce
their honmesick. To ensure energy supply,. to pJant fuel forestry,
in advance
131
 c. To activel.y spread water saring technvtIoja and scientific
irrisat iin .

* 132-
5. Replacement alternatire assessment

5. 1 comllarfison
uand replacesent ptinriples

Resettflement from poor regions to the re.ions with rich

resourcres to conduct developrment involves several factors surhi
as hwerr and land resources . ecolo.qicl
envi ronmernt,econnoir
derelopwnp t lev-el anfd popirlatinn loading s.ster rhirch is conmtlev
in snrail) ecrlnoomir systexr stiucturre ,so it is difrficril to finti
the alpyropriate replacesent n1ternativres . Theralternativpes'
1at ionalil. and infeasibilitr nf replacement alternativeq are
assessrd POn, dprr' lopfent srale of land anid rate1 :rsnurrets ftnr
inMpligirts .

Trie water resourrces l]and resonrres evisting a.qriciltitr-Pe

Ition
rolar ( hithI consider,ation of natural growth rate nf
poltulation . are taken as inrtrinbhility . The immigrnnts'
resettlement mreouint . land rerl7na.tinn a7rea in the wa7terslmd
*hrater resources erploftatian and utilization r.atio atrPa taken
are taken a7s rep lacenent alternative param7eters . Suppose.the
immnigrvants nimber is gireater or less than31 . thereplaremepnt
niternatir-Ps a.re presented and the feasibility and rationalit.ly f
ori!ginal airernat ire are affirmedl fronm evaluntin.q factnrs. sruch
as project dtelopmentf sean It . lonading rapalit, of viter and land
5 in the developmfentarea .socinl enviro-nment capacity
irestorwces
errnomic heuiefits, ecn7oliral env.ironnment oprtiui7atinn etc.

5.2 rcmparisonn nn the replarement alternativePs

41)J Peset(lewruntis 0..s5 millionpeople. nrLyr fncrP;asnd

rrwt area or
inran the prnoJert is 66790 ha ; srrface water
uitiliratinn ratio iS .qo and underground xntpr utiliz7ation
ratin jq 51I

(h) RPqettPIrment is 0.1/5nillion ppople:newl.- increa.cd

irrigatrfinn aoreais 4O(100 ha :snr facewrterutrtili7atinn rat
eb ic
7It': ground water uttilizatinft ratio is 3.1

(r)J Is the origina7 dresign the newly7 incrPerned irr.qnf irn

area is .54fin h,7:srf.ace ,atomr n ti,ibat ?ion rntin is .9/2 and
gvoroudwateri utilization ratin 1it is unchanger! .TThere is nn
inmigrVant into the Sirnle River ;'ro.ject area .the devPelopment and
oper;ation is only condurtef by- labnr forces of the .-ntrr:shPd

5. .7 Nssessment nn rerplacererit alternative

* 133

.4
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~* ? Vre-]':
' -.1'

(a) If!fhe iuigrants are 0.2.5 ifIon people-in-additionlInto

local popidnt ion ,the direct popuSrlationIn the develo4nent2area
reachies-t7 303 in}lion?people- .it.h- consideration : of differen :
te polrnl seullence with enorrmousimmisrants entrting. t the y-,ear--
ln
of 2000 --- 270005 nndthat naftural growthrateof popu*lationJs
estimatrd according to 711000- inar-Jernge , in 75 yenrs froa '19-90;
to 2005 . totnl populnltion of the project nrea vill reach io.a40?7-
aillion people. The total irrigation areaJs 0.1103 millonhn..
,in arerage (.27 ha per caiPita . The nhter resources ittili7ation
shall be as follows : as sedi ient content- i-n flood period infl]vov-
into Chnngarn Reserroir is sn much ,ln order to. lengthen reserjo;r-di r'
life. the multille alternative irtservoir resl{rtion estiatin .
shows fthatin flood season fror .JTly- to August 'the opeirtion oft'
releasing flood with sedlimenitdischairge, for. which surfacer water.'
utilization ratio in Changs JReservoir is .inadrisablP foormore.--
than 91X . IncompariThonwith original one this.ialternatire Vfl-i
neuIr increase 96000 M3 . tths tbe grorndwater utilization ratio
in SIIUIe.svrtershed will be inCreaSed from 32?- t;o 511 ;, tha#t~is -;R=
irafavorable tonnatf:uraI. ecn'ological-*enrironment.e In aIddiition the t
groundmater potential is low, so the problem ill be.more.
seriotus duIIringdinryear-s . rhis aiternaftile i,s fad:isibloe .'.
(i) If immigrants are 0.15 llion in addition hi original
li-.ti populatJo. ;n.l fututre total poplr]ation of the projectcarea-
will reacht 07.2.957 u'ithI total Jirrisationarea or8,3.0 ha e.. t.

.28 ha per capita . Ti:is niterna tire decreases -ir.risation. are.i

14600 ha .and 1I1 ilIlion m3 of Surface uater will not be utsed
cnmp.iring with tile original design alternatire- The suirgice wter:
uitilization ratio fi
in tansgn Reservoir Is onlr . 7,76-and
inndr'rgronnd hater ntilization ratio-is J1- .Jf this altern.itire
Weretealized vater and -land resources or Shule -i rer r.meished --
sin id not come to rationa I exploitation and - utilization extent.
-Tfe land resources exploitation can't watch with mater resources
utiflization . Alne the 0.25 mrillion inmigranIs' scale is more
stuitable .2nd feasible than the alternatire of .0.15 willion
immigrants Tt is predicated that in 30-- _50- ears fron'now n-m
thie population increases- to 0.404 -0.413- iillion pOepleop 1 ith
4.ricillTtnre? land in average per capita 0.21-- 0. 17 ha-. rn Viewr
of rationalLy utilizinig water anzdland resources -the irrigation -
aren can lhestill newly increased

(c) rf the project design scale is not changed ,the piroject.

cons!rurt ion' as well as operation and managereentfron noJ -on al - :
rr.Lv on loalpeople without ivigrathinginto tie project -rea;..
ThIIprel'iminart analysis shoas that the important-p?oblem of tifs'
alternative is shortage of labor force --in;g the proj7ect - -:
constructintn period . Ft is estimated that according - tno ocal
population in the first rear and the 15th year . local population
may increase to nbout 11.135 million .Therefore labor sherMne
can not undertake such a project construction task .-and it wi-ll
affect .Jwe project construction speed and benefits -
corpletion of tihr project ,lbor for-ce will be further lackied
operation and mang-eent . rTf the labor force makes rip 40! a.
the lotil population with 7.32 ti- in arerage per labor , the
lahrn' force is not enotugh If mechanization is fulls used -fuind
134*
is i5o0edirfictilt in short teire m aechmnizatlon campleMlt
ilplemented ,machiner. utilization: ratiois -too
joii because In' ,

this grea one hasnab' one-crop hatr!esting . fAsrodern achine-

leavr'es unused that is too expens ive ,Jt is. suitable to inplement:,
senvi--echanniation of itgricultiire .AMreover fit original pio,qal
the people of emigrantedregion nre er.y poor . bhreaing wn'Tfro-
prwert.r, eating and earingrell can hot.. be renched fn the
localftl, and population is fu1rther.increasing unceasinok,..SO.-
childien ore deprived of education grow In numberuninterruptedl.:,
and th.e ecological environmenttends to deterioration . still wore
, which still puzzles the government ;-:at" different leelts .and-
wakes the situntion of long ternu transferrin grains from other
ltoCeI iees leares cardinallv
* X- , S
. @ f .- - - ,0 .;

The .alhwe indicated assessment of the 3 replacerent'

ajtejtnfyres proves that the originai design scale or sis IcRiet er -

Project is workable .the waterand land .resnurces cfapaei t< is

rational . the principle of determlifing llnd- hb wter-is :fe,7.c,ihle
* as Aell as the water resources exploitation and utilization is-,
in moderate degree and leares plenty of rooD.for maneuverr Jf- rt:iS ;
possible to resettle 6.2 Million imxisrants anndit is adrisable
to exceed 0.2 millJion for total nrumblerof imsiran. -'ts

t ,, -- --; i ;T.0 ''^ , :.' ' 013'''5

; - - . 6. Environsent monitorIo --

6.1 Necessity of environmentmoitoring

TheproJect, sI th larse scale and cdopIXcatedsectors, wi1l
have long and potential unstable affects on reoWannlstrface
w*tater,undergroundwater, terrestjiaj. biata, soil atmospwirere
Iand utilization ,energy supply, .resettlement, and: social,
economicdevelopient etc . It Is' necessaryto perforpmlong term.!
monitoring worksin the period of project dds'n'go .construction
and operation ,to evaluate real affects on environnent ,-to'
- sister trend andvariation of adverse:affects,. to provide basis
for environmirentsupervtisfon- poiJcy'r-asking:and environient
managerentat different stages

0.2 ProposedmanStoringItems Andtecinical requireieit: -

Accordinigto present evaluation conclusion , monitoring

contents are determined, refer to table 6 -1.
rechnical requireaent monitoringrange includes de4elopment
area and its surroundingareas-; monitor sections ,observLation
points . duiation,frequencyand method. Detailsrefer to table
- -2.

rahbe6 -- I Contents for monitorin.g

--- - - - - ---- -- - - - - - - - - -- - -- -, - - - - - - .

Surface waterquality: water teaperature ,PA value

.-Vuspension, total hardness , conductivitr,-D .DCODHOD 5 ,No
S
NO . rolatile ,C'- , arsenic ,aercur.v, Pb , Cr, oil ,Fe C

,CuZn a total colon bacillus ,mtole salt contett ,sand content

,fluorine, total
phosphorusetc
water lerel,
Flrdrologr: waterflow.' speed-
Phreatic water: water temperature, watar levrel , wholesalt
content , spring iiter
flow
-_ - -------- __------ --- - ----------

Pressurewater zater terperatire , Ph rolue ,total hardness.

Do, COD, BOD, NR NO , NO ,volatile phenol , CA. AS.
mercury, Cr , Pb, fluoride bqcteria, dissolvedtotal solid ,

Soil : wholecontent if salt, Ph ,Ca Ng9, K, CI . C -

PDT,SIICetc -
Forestry : coverasedegree ,productionoutput -stirvival
rate
breed groupalteration of animal and biotn - oxygenrelease
irrigation and windprevention
Pasture : coverage rate , Mluitiploid., frequenc.r, surtival rate,
katagenesis, output biological
b quantity *grolip alteration
*136'
6obidesert
:breedgroup
alteration
ofaniual
andplantation
retreatof'desert
etc.
Harsh :coverage rate ,frequencyr , EU)tploidy1 .,aquatIc biota
groupalteration
Farm nutrient
,PI1,
saltcontent,
output
*desertification etc.
Heteorology : temperature , precipitation , ev'aporation wind
power * wind direction , xerotheraric wind , so , o , TSP
sandy and rinds' weather

6.3Neasures
forperformance
ofprograon Monitoring
6.3.1
Personnel
Toroughinvestigation environment
-existing
protection and-
mornitar 'dep~irtuents of -- the project area htascertain wonitorinig
technica , butthe departmeutshascertain
capacity difficulties
in implementing env-ironment monvitoring task in protect
development perpiod Tberefore it is necessary to- t appoint
additional personnel on monitoring in rSOEpectof soil , *ecolo
and water quality.

6.3.2 Progras on training:

a. Speciality
andcontents
of training:

A*Training on observation and monitoring inrespect of

surface kwater .undergroundwater soi, terrestrial biology
aquatic biolog ,atmosphere wastes
,3 wind etc.
,sadr -alin.
contents includes : larout princfples and method of monitoring
observation sections and points ; frequency .time ,preserration
and transportation of samples ;frequency & tire of observation
;mnnitoring and observation method of monitoredrind observed
itemsata processing andquality control ; quality guarantee
in laboratory ;manngerentand control of pollution sources
prerention and hartnessirgofsandy rinddisasters etc
o
A The Northwoestinvestigation Design Research Iostitute
willholdtrainingonfollowing items ; design idea,technical
liniesand design methodlof Environment Impact Assessment
(her-ein
afteras ETA); environmentfeatuires of the project area
;aTainenvironment
problems ;counter measures on protection.and
remedy;hnrnessing plant of environmental works : design of
ionitoring
andmranagement

* Tohold
speciality
traiining
onprofessional
personnel
throngh
domestic
colleges
andresearch
unitsforhalfyeartoone
year
-;137-
 - .. ; .. V't- ; q :,.' !,.2, w s .
* , : - -, ' ' -- '., -'' -'-, '.,'

-i. , .4' , .~.,,,

Tabie6 -- 2 Technical requirment on monitoring sections

- - - - - - - - - ---------------

Item section duration frequency method remarks-

point
suirface waterquality 10 sectionls , refei to sketch-- 6, :
every yrear high ,norma)& lower wateryear.. frequenCy.
:continuous 7 dars each time ; method : "-monitoringand?;
analysis methodon trter and waste water . At least once, - '
every samplingperiod.
hydrolosv trend.: to use information froo the station
underground water qualit: 8 sampling sections ,refer to
drawing 6 -- 1: Duration :lower ,normal aid high water rear .-
Frequency: continuous 7 days monitoring and_analy-sismethod
on kater, and waste water " . At least once

unrdergrdund water hidroloar: 25 observation points prefer to

drawing 6 -- I : Duratio : once in every high ,norwal and lower
triter year . Frequencr: continuous 7 days 20 water lerel
olbservation points 5 spring flow obserration points
soil: F sampling points ,refer to drawing 6 -- 1 Duration
each Spring ,SuMer and Autumn. 7 continuous days - -
terrestrial biota: 18 obserration points ,refer to drwilng 6-1-
. Duration : every Spring ,Sumer and Autumn. rrequency: = .
continuous days . 'T Technical specificatiwo on environment - --
monitorfing and test methods concerned.
aquatic biota: 10 observation points, refer to diaing -6 -1
BDuration: every Spring Sorner andeAutumn. Frequency:7
- continuous days . Technical specification on enironment-
ooni
w torihi aindtest methods concerned
netearoloar : 4 ohserration points . Duration Evenv season-in -
each year . Frequency :7 continuous days . Technical
specification on environmentmonitoring "and test methods
concerned . - refer to MO , 502 .TsP and other factors ji
construction period

* 138.
 f ' . f1 .- r 3

T To hold studr tour in domestic provinces- wth successful

experience in respect ofr ariculture derelopment and irrigation
:soil iproverent

b. Trainingschedule refer to table 6-- 3

Table 6 -- 3 summaryp
of Training Schedule.

(unit: yuan
L000 :
Time I content I Location JIeopleL- cost
I rr before I EIA seminar I Lanzhou i 30. I 21O.0
project startl : ian / :
1-2 yr after Ispeciality trainingl Lanhou lianl 14 I i4.0
project start I - 1-
2-3yr after I domresticstudy I Shanydong I 30 118.0
project start/ tour I lubei : I -

2-3 17rafter I owerseasstudy /A ustralia i 30 I.103;i

project starti tour I Singapore I : -

3-4 yr after I overseas study I USA I 1 12r.0

project start/ 1 . I 1 :
Remark lTotal cost of training
is REN 1.4329 milion yvuan,
I equivalent to M Y0.213 million : - -,

:I . . :

6.3.3Instrument and facilities

In principle , instrument and facilities willnot be
allocated to nonituring items to be performed by local
departments .If local departmenthas no monitoring facilities the
center station will finish monitoring analysis sork ;and
personnel will be increased consequently Deteils: refer to table
6 -4

6.4 Submission rules of monitoring information

Monituring unitsmust report monitoring results to the
central station for compiling, according to practice rules,
environment monitoring & evaluation division will submit the
compiled results to the project management bureau . and the
project management bureau undertakes to submit the results to
'139* ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~. .V

4; Ic;..;-
.. ),~.4--.
 -- -=1
D~~~~~~~~~; D IT -

GansuProvince Enhironlent Protection lurau and :Jiuquan

Prefecture EnrironuentProtection Birision and project desgn -
units conceined.

14 0 -

140,'
*~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
I -l Xj I n%

i l- :MZ A R lEl i: o b (~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'

*~~~~~~~~~~~~~jl
J

I22 t#eS~~~~~

., '§-+\ X~~~~~~~~~~~~0

| | 9 .. 0 \ i CLe | F e e e e n g f~~~~~~

- ] 0"'< iS~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
L_ __~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.
to be Monito-red
-~~~~ L -

YUMflEN CITY
~'1r- l~h~

toreu Moioed|

I: o, 1

w 41l~~~~~~~~~~~bm rrpr, isrc

W,/ IrrlSuatio Diatrici

B1~~~Diim

Suhuaconve cl I

* b rnen CILY
, cbhE.a Reservolr
 * all -

I t-.rsr, Jlo;TSJD!rUasSUjd
._____________________________________________--------__

I /LIACl achno5.rn)a.a.
____________________ ________________ ---------- -______

I oILg/- dit 'I ,

i 59(08 - dl a6nab Luputnua.ipq

.sul

I ggg - --
il Uu---q-J-#
-. UO-S!- d !-

z rot- ~-4 GXL' 19 9Sf) Omit fu4aaqa4

I jig
IL az_
. ijdus.fxf'n
a1a apAFvjs
a jaqdsosue
a i

----------- - - - - -a-____- ______________

.________-- ___------------_-_--_____________---___------
-

0 ~ ~ ~~~~I
IdA
- --- ZJ -- --- .f&tUU----
----- JOG
-o ----------
a 1 rLn
e -- J - lUIID
-

.I -Zu.aaL a/a punosBL

tlOdwal
M jaws AOfJa.Iuofle4

r oat:- ,S fatal
qu.IflOMq Sai

a0iljj ; auJ3
jadsaauadasraius

X~~~~~~- f----------- ---- -- ---------- -------------------- -

* -[ . Z - :M " JEneS --
-------

I 9Ole91 .gapa
xuoqdU 0!j7dJo$qLtais-01JM
M-.1 Jl2Ls g8'J a95JZfla lvillUOJU
---- U----------0-
.__________q_s
.___________________________________ -.
4' ;usmulJlElIJ -- - ---.
---------------- -___ - -_ ojqqB
_J4-9 -
-~~ ~~~ ppa6
Uvd ,,pliO}#
nJAl )laslS
-- _-_ --
_ _- - - - - _- _- -__------------ ----------- ____ ___ __-

* i s-.r^e ......... ralaaru7atWd--

uoJJSl?Zolqt :
 * . . . ., - e p#q > , -

1
-,-. -- 4 ;t

ox.uqenninoe RSS -5100- 2 - - .

. illuaiflfnoaletr - .AZ- I 2
' _______----_
---------------------- L__________-- -=-:

acidoneter -PHS-C 2
salinity meter 2
conductivity gauge .2-
gravimeter '-- 2-
height finder 2
efntos aeter 2
protoneia Peter -

COMPAMSS .- J0 3- . - :

Item & wade) I Rate qquantity J

higiprbssure gas 150000 1

clrroivatograph
electronic analysis balance - 55.
visable spectra phatometer 5 '
T. S. P sapler (kc -JZf) . . 2
oil content anal.sis RWNA-290 --

ionic actirit,r gauge P.T5-215 .

metorology obserration 2 sets
instrument . -
-:g

planimeter I-- -

tbeodelite .
glass instrument 2 .

basiceqruipment

Basic zAterials: -

conmmon
tools

143-
 7. Environent HiuageBet

7.1 Necessity, of ii7nagemren

t

In order to -perforn norimAaloperation of, the pirojectt, to'

reach economic effects ,social effects environment effects.mn
parallel pace, to reasonablr useenrironment protection- frund to
complete and perfect various Measures s,monitoring
. planws
specified in the to timely handle land disertification;
.IA,

salinization and enoughlfood supply for iuigr'an ts dauring:thle.,

project developwent , to perform according to lars.-
,ndninistrative -regulations and technical' specificationsi',
_e - ' . concerned of the State and local authorities .it is necessary to-
set up project enrironment winagementsyrstem.-

7.2 Estahlishment of management

organization
Under administration of the Praject Nanaseent Bureau- i-
termksor onitoring £ evaluration .environent organization Will
be established . Details on organization -etting -and'
surborodinationrefer to sketch -7 1
Sketch 7-

Provincial1 Government

ELIb
. Si- I7
*Prqject -angeent 'Burea r ncial Environment-
-D -LL.-f*
ureau

EYJtOr
&EvalZuation
Oirisia; Prefecture
Environment
Burea

* 7.3 Nain responsibilitr and personnel:

Underthe Environment MoniDtoring& Evaluation Division there
.area 2 kanagementpersonnel in respect of environment protection
-&vrks and 10 technicians and . drivers .There,are 14 people in
total.Responsibilities areas follows : toimplement the.
Sta.te
regulations& laws concerned : to arrangeharnessing planon
enrironment protection turks ;responsible for t.raining ; to
fulfill environment protection design ;to perform elnvronment
mfonItoring rorksin project derelopment period : responsible for
implementation of rarious environnient protection' easures thr
enoineering harnessing and plans, to superrise environments)
works ; to timel. bandlevarious environmental probiW s in
project. development period ; responsible for bidding on
* 144-
 -. , ; ;., ->-- ,. F ,...

* i - - r = # ; ~~~- I.

Sketch 7 -- 2 Erironxent, eraluationu&:mnaIeJ ent

information stvstew of the project -

- |
p
Proiect enviroumenteVa)ition
~~technical qualit:, inibru-iation-
fnlo@rto-sse
1--
.
ssteul-f
SYS -. i

iniformation / indexing(J forecasting /anaqeaent,l

m auuiiar-.
tinpt
die I die I eraluation die I die -de -
i -- ~ ~~~~~
- t ~~ . -. sP Lll

prf- ous status : .: helpdie-

inf¶,exaation indexing
input…_- svstes
forecast .. explana7tiaE
existing indexing
inform tion . toolI die
renew evaluation
indexing automatic
show
networks other . -?

attributes
ilpt ut
-forecast
rector eraluation-
drawing ------ -- -
input _ result projiect orzanizatw a' rt' -
_ deconstration _.
renew -____ project- eventsi.
networks
attribute cost management
renew factors muas geltnt organiza-
rector forecast tion
drawing…-
draiing factors . aclhiet4e7et resullts.
____---- evaluation
.______ .couanter measures
factors
forecast others-
deconstration -

factor -.
.eraation
demonstration

* 145 *

~~..- - ;...-
 I~~~~~~~~

enrironmental works-; to supeirise usage of environmental fund .

;to protect and imrprove.environment-and eco)oslo of the project-
area ; to promotesuccessful running of theproject constluction
and healthy developmentof resional econoA .-

7.4 Hanaoement methods;:

~~~~~~etnla -
-~ . . - .:, e -a:,.. . -.. ;=;0-.;. .;:
- -y.meansof loa - cooay aria), adusinistration
iecirn -and-
* edrcation -etc : to control and mai toy eni§ronment.. probles ,t
promfote utiliz.ation of computers ; to itiblish- project
* -environmentevaltation. manasementinforiation sfswt( iefer to
--
-- .-:sketechr -t 2) which brinsing new and advanced tet noloyr into:
-: * "environuent evalattiot works. of theShale.h] ;erProject.- to
make project environment evaluation Aanagemantmore systemawftic-.:
,scientific r practical and convenient ;Nain:contents 'aareas-

- Tnfnration input die-block : applrinq, 2 net

xbrks.amtrector -:
methods , divides tbeproject location-into.
g.984net& points .
according to its geographical position : 94 '.45' ---18 '-,
40 ' 1 I' --- 40.'40': protvides informationfor ereir-net kr -
point, suchas adrinistrative subordinationr ,vater resources
Itilization, land usage *, soil, vegetathin u6nerground swfer -*
*depth, rhemficalcharacteristics of underground-wter etc t;i;-&`
inforsation can be upgraded .' forming. data: base of rnrTouS.:
em-ironwent impfact factors ainddrawingbase -details refer to
project envirvnment evaluation Praps)J .- -

dieblock:
search
*fi Informar,tion the required search contents are
provided for stuff memberinform of wan-- computerdialogue
,such as environment status ,impact fortcasting and- impact
erallMtion etc. .. The search r-zat conduct-: ti. uoolo: and- - :
intersection searches for single factor and aultiple factors and:.,-'
search results anrbe ezpressed in the form of diagrams. -
S Prediction -die block: the die block mainly includes -models. to.--.
be used in project Ppecial topic assessment -Tst facilitati- -the- -
staff gerber's recheck and later -assessMent works:-.Thestaff
menberscanpredict in any time according to environment factor-
rariation -
*- Project mnagementdie block: mountedwith contents ,suih as-
organization structures of the project , anagement oranization
add -:bnriron,ent evaluation achierecent' resutlts and counter'
measures on environmrentaffects etc. The die can become
assistants for working staff..
* Atxiliary dieblock: It is exrplanationand kelp die block
fbi
the project environment evaluation managementinforms tion arstem-
, it provides operationinstructions for staff.

7.5 Civilworksand facilities::

146'

ldli = r _~~~~~
 ,.. . -st ,-2, -:''''Si'
S-X.

E4 - . 0 ; Vi
iS † S 0: lI.

.- cv *tt;E8 y - :07t r* ;700-

Q ¶_i^',' .:f..

* . - 25 s. I .,, .. ,. . .,- , , , . n ., , * . .. .X ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

,--
gtI.v,-';. .... ,-t.f.:...,

' .V m. I. '' ..
tm''rbS'.
i.. "C

-, t ...

- - L

,,., it_

. ~ ~ I t
.t.

. _ I _
_ts *.
Table 7 - I
~~Ij I I~,uiI
I aJei.anl
U. ~~e ,, A' n' . *

Programon civil rworksPJAcilitU es of ee iromwentprotection

orrice I 72 torinhi, a,nz)rils I

1 2 /. ror maui fi~ranllon
I~

resideet house f 1008 1 " 72 w2-for each peopl, 'e

g9arae 7 180 .1 . __;__

transport 1 5 1set I I jeep Ilioidbus , moitor vehicle,;

.1 1 1 1 ~~Passengercarsgovehicle. *

tel ephon 1 3 1 .;

-couiputer 1ma "/zde] 8

calculator 125L.______
copier - ; -: * -

video
caoera civi 1 parts
1 with,allaxriliaIV
camera 1 -I //forddiary
Iod2 1 aanced
I
intercoM , 3 . 1 I

trI otI5 IstII je Iiio-.1soio rbce

148.
 _ ' _ , ,.. . .' ',_ . , -

8. Investment est iltng on environsent protection;

a~~ ~ ~~~
. ; . ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
. -*

8.1 Basis and principles for investment estimating on '

environment protection
,rTaccordance with articles and divisions 'inrespect of-
investment estimtatins specified In the " Regulations- on
enviro3Jlent protection an desisn of construction pro.ject_ > 8?:)
of the State Environment Protection Bureau ; and accordihg to
envi roarent protectioni measures and program st4 ted in _ETA.
following principles for investment estimates are specified.:-
a. Vorks and faciliti.s for project-developent and
enarironmentprotection ( such as shelter forestryv J villhbe
listed for environment pxitection investment
h. Investment for - environment monitoring and . -
xan.agementwill estimated according to the planned measures in
Cliapter 6 and 7 of the EA.A

8.2 Investmeot estimating

a. Unit price of environment monitoring instruments are

determined according to market price in 1991 amndinvestigation
pi-ice
b. Standard for Chaarges on -environment monitoring items are
calculated according to Charges standard on envrironent-
W

monitoring and analysis test of Gansu Province "stipulated b.

Gansu Province Environment ProtectieL onEreau-.

c. According to investigation information , to estimate cost

on seneral phjsical examaination of people, ecd)ogy protection,:
treatment of waste water ,solid and disposals and potable Iter;.

8.3 Cast for environment protection.

In accordance with the above mentioned- principles and :

methiods, total investment for project enrironment protection is
51.53 million ,man, equivalent to US F.5.5988 million . Details
reer -to table 8-1 and table 8 -- 4

In table 8--i . transportation cost is not included

* 149-
 ------ - -- -- -- - --- -- ->-- -- -- -- - - -l -D
-- - -- -
Table 8 - Sttmary~of investment
unit 100900.x :

.Vo./I escription I Amount I Remarks

I 1 houses for environmental office

civiliworks i 14118.6 .
I / / aionitor, residence ,garage
- -- -- --------------
- - ----- -
2 / instrwTients .914.4 1 monftor ,hater tre1amt
I A eqllipmet ItI-
3.'I test and I 1340.451 environxent sonitor, ,prsical
g analysis I / eraoinration of immigrants

4 I harnessing. 1 .976.6 t ecology harnessIng .daily raiter--

iois
w I treatent -
5 / training 1 183.29 1 uverseas & domestic study tour

6 / strdrv and 1 245.66 1 5* of above 5 items intotal-

Idesign I -
7 / total 1 5159.001 eqivalent to US F 5..988 million:

TableS -4 Investrent estimating on environment

management

facilities and equipment

~
- - - --m-OO
- -eu
-- - ~- - - --- -
(uni
tt :10009
-:
.zmav) :- ;:

item qtuantity unit rate --cost remarks

office building 632 m2 700,sZ 57.24 water &land

residential building 1008 700mZ2 76-56 heating

dining hall 180 600/m2 10.8 civilhorks

transport 5 set 72.00 jeep 212

minibus Ponitor rehicle, passenger-cargo tehicle

& boat for aronirtoring

telephone 3 40000/set 12.0-

computer j 30 00/set 9. '

-- -- -- -- - -- - -- -- -- -- -- - -- - -- -- -- ---------

calculator 12 0.02 0.24

150'
 -h- - - - - --- - - N

copier
___________
__-__--_------
-------.. '
- 3
rideocamera . 8 -

Tr sets 2 - - 3 0.
camera 2 - 0.2 . 0.4
intercom 3 170.4 1.2
a~~~~~ - -ta --32
-i- ---
-- - - -- -;
total 234.24'
(equivalent to IJSF 02723 zillion )

I-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

151~ ~ .

- t
 Table 8 -- 2 Invest'mnt est tiny on uonitorin :'i.nstrume
.

---.---- -- - -6 - - - - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - ut
U t: AM
.iM - . .an .

i ten7 unit model quanti tr amoulint

spectra Photometer set .7211 1 2.950

ultraviolet riat spectra photometer, 7520 1 11550
atomic aIbsorption photomoeter GG' -5 1 42000

fluorescence spectra photometer 910 1 552200o

-- - - -- - - -- -- -- -- -- - -- - - - -- - - ---- - -------

cold atonic fluorescent bright gauge JITO

-3S 1 6000':,

gas chromfatograph . " SP -2308 1 34800

-------- - - -- -- - ------- - -_ , :

liquid chromratograp; s Sr -20/0 1 27600:0

-------------__ -- -- - - -- --

salt .qnuqe IC - 2 1 14500

watert temperature gauge 2 400n0 :

hpater level gaquge 2- 4000o

water, flow meter - 2 4000

f/ow counter I 8400-
soiundlevel meter . N0 1 5300
orannic carbon meter TOO-5OD 1 3000

glass electrode tIC 3 39

water quality sampler 772 1 1900 :

atajosrhere sapJier BK --12fE 1 3300

chemical analisis balance TG--238A 2 2200
precisioln icrobiaJnce , 7- .35 1 . 16.00
------ - ---- - - - - - - -- -- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -- -

low background
a sause F0 - 3005, 1 2300
0 . g
gauge f0 -3010 1 1800
------------ - - - ---------
- - - -- -------

inver-t microscope 3714Z 1 5230

phase aicroscop& .Is-, soon

dobllhe stereo microscope I a0OO

* 152-.
 :.'~~oen
; sai : RS -5150 2 1'91

illmiuinometr :'' 12000-

acidoweter PItS -ZC 2 20.2
sa-ini t.r Peter 2 :
----- - -- - --- ------ - - -- -- -- - -- - -- - -- - -- _-^-
-.

conductirit.r .au.e - -2 40000-

-ar-i,eter - - -. 2 -. 1 M
beightfiner -- I2 .00-0
--- - ----- - --------------

* sdiatox meter 2 40
… ~-- --- …----…-----

protton&iotfel
Ithem.hema mveter Rae . qunt - II 5000
Amountz
-7---------------
condrafsit. 3 600
---------- - - --------
.__--_
_-_
_--__ ---- _-__-___ _

hLqlhPressure *qas 150000O I 150000p

chromto.qraph
electronic analysis bolance 8fi00 5 4.le0dO
risnble spectra p-atoaeter 8000 5 40000
… -- - - - -- --- … - -- -- - … :--

T. S. P sampler (kc -120F) 50000 2 - 1000000

oil ontept analysis (DOM-2100150n00 I 150110
ivnic actirit sa,ue i7i-215 a 40110' 1 4000
vetorolo.
Sr . serration . 50000 2 sets 100000
instrnient
--------- -- -------------

p1al/iete 1- 2000
tbende)ite 1 10000
- - ---

glass instrument 2 20MOO

…~ ~ ~~ --------------------- ---- …

b.isic equipment
- ………_--
- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- - -- _ _ -_- _-
- _ _ _ _-
- -…-- - -- --- - -------

Basic materials . 3170

… -- - -- - - - --- - - -

common tools 30000

…--- -
_-… _- _---- - …

total anolmt 1211443

( ecwiift.1ent to llS F 0.1303 millinn )
_ …_ _ - - - ---------

* 153 *
 ;---- e
Tabl B - 3
- --- - Cos -- - - - im
-- t estinat --- --- -
on project-monitorins:.
------- ---- - - --- -

uni : *un :
(t^ea8p) i- cL'ost.
sti anJ.i1n1siscost suibtotal : - F ;:
Item vsZlnq cost rnl,ssns rho. S- F :. . ;
rate quiantitrawount rate amount

,uir-fce 5.00 27 28350 500 1O0500133350 10 3 7

r-at;er - .---.
quZality
*rinder- .5.00 23 13320 385 64680 84000 8 -3 7
o n---d
-- -;- -
rciter -
werll & 2 3 3150 3150 -5 3 7
spngp.-
w,&,ater
_ -__ _ - - _ __ _ _- - - _ _ -- - - - ----- - ------- -

soil 30.00 17 * 32130 600 38.0367.714097 7 3-Ti

terres- 1.0t0 21 44226 200 32400 76628 -1 3 i7
7
trial
---- -- - - -- ---------------
-- - -
7- --- :--

aquatic.i13 - 8130
0 200 181110 -2518 .0 3 7-
bliota

constru- 126- 7840 1112. 4- 4 7

tion
period
.f.nos- 5.00 9 5040 200 2247000 27440 4 4 7 -
phere
-- -- - -- -- - - - - - -- - - - -- - - -

suib - tota] 581555 .1-nan! rear , 6. .737 sfllion iuan /12 rears
- --------- -

CtYm.a Rrserroir 0.4301 zillion ruan in 7..-rears

Tota,l 7.4044 million i-an , eqvivaJent to us F 0.861 trillion

Remarks : unit pince refer to s'u of all test amnon.sis costs

for ePach samPle.

Xote: S represents section ; n represents duration;

F reperesents fequenc. in thie talbe

* 154 -
9. Public participation

Public invtolvement in the areas concerned

.9.1

Inrestig.atin methods
*9.1.1
The Population Research Institute of Lanzhtout/niversitL
carried ouit extensive investigation on public of the pr-oject . by
meansoff paper investisation & visiting , 200papers were sent
to theemsrated areas ,received 86 -;150 papers were sent ton
fiigrawted'artas , receired 90 ;and 150 papers were sent to
immigrantsin lexi since 1880,received 71 .And 47 households
were visited.

9.1.2 Responsefrom iuigrants in Sexi resions:

.lu,ierants fro,l 1983to 1989in Jexiare satisfied *Othnew
environmsent,and think that:
a. haring cansiderableland with sood 7'ua1itrand high rield
per capita has0.267 a . hich is ) -- 4 tines higher- than
their hosetown; with fertile land grain yielddis fi60kglbs .:
KewcoaerVi aiquan said , one rears' output in Heli is equal to
outputtri 8 -- 9 vears output in my hoaetown -
b. production condition is impiroed : w th flat land, ligh
mechanical operation,. getting rid of heavy labor burden ,it is
worthyfor exchangingmountainousland into plain land.-
c. rapid improvementof liring conditions after 3 -- 4 yvears
,imfisrants in Heni region per capita incomecan get 1000yuan
arotnd , new settlers are capable for construction of new houlses
and buying tralctors and famii.r electric facilities

Sew settlers fror middle part of Gansu Prorincehare

comfortable life ,and people in emigrated areas gotshocked.
.For
exTamplein Anti Countyther-e wereadditional 1000 immirants out
of theplan -,

.9.1J.3Attitude of the planned intmigrants

a. Expectation to thenewenvironment: Amons8M papers per
capita income is below 400 yuan . and100 --- 2O yuianincome
accountins for 66X . Theyarefirstlr expecting hare enough
food
and easy living condition .then
expecting newenvironmentharing
flatlandand convenient trAnsportation
h. thtnkinigon imigration
Question I Does the State novernhent provide subsidy
fisr
reset tiewent .and enbsoh7
Question2: Is land in MleOi
fertile withtimely raining 7
155-
c. status of reluctant people -: 1 sideline income:is ensured
,such Sold seeking , doing business and construction ..A-hic -can
afford them hliar]s relative comfortable life .. 2)- in .,3
generations family . the- older is reluietant to leave . 3) hating.
homeesick

9.1.4 Public involvement

of imrigrated areas
a. response from thefarmers.: opinions from 85 t of the
investigation papers among the -receii-ed 90 plpets are at ..
sovernsent disposal - Reason is that the State owns and ,harren
.

will be -wasted ir thre,-aref not used :iaurisrants wil: not occup. - ;

our cultiv-ated land .amMwe are also early new settlers .e havre
no reason to reject them -
in iJUVisrated
b. responisefrom carders areas
* expecting water resources works. and imiLgration start in:
paral le] lpace to arvoid immigration failure due- to rater . -

resources svrks not meetingqdemand.

i concein about worsening ecological envirornment in. irrigation
area : water regulation of ClianrsaA Chijin reserioirs will
redauceundergroundsAter in downstreamareas
A concern about population increase will affect long term
inte/ests of local residents
* immigrants
withpoor quality
can not lire on in Rexi
c. resPonse fron public representatives
After talk between Shule River Project Preparatory Division
and 10 representatives of local people .nain response are .s
folloes:
* Fumen& Anri are rain grain production base of GansirProvince
in irrisation tire there is no ia ter ;in dAdumtn andSpring
there.is enoughwater.which is notuseful . The areas has vast
barren l,and . If water problem is solved agricultrue ,frrestrr.
,.animal husbandry.tourisa andruraIenterprises willbe greatly.
proroted.
* Resettlementdevelopirent
is favorable
fordevelopment
of local
economyand culture.Total population in Y'ueenis only0.1
million . further developmentrill need more labor , so
immiig
rats arewelcome
* AntiCounty is the wellkfown rindreservoir
V of theworld
* strong sandr rindendangers farmers ..Since IBM0's we stick to
plant tree and grass .and sandr rind is relaxed at certain
extent ;due to shortage of ia ter the results of wind prevention
and sand fixins can not be expanded . After completion of the
project , extensive plantation of trees and grass wind
prevention and sand fixing will improve environment and tpro-oter
tourisr without danase on local_resources
156-
* Resettlement will not affect local people: ;lIn
.recent y-ears-
,mnP inLi rants ,including minorities. from Di)ng.i I Linmf.r-ia.
wPre settled here - and Jimlrants will concentrate- in nev : -
development areas ,ther will not affect Jlrins standard nf loc.a1l
farmers'.,on the iontrarr-they can promote econaoricdeveloPmentof
rige
x6 T lS .

* be don't believe that Chansma dai will collapse thllankLs

to
careful design .Even if the dam collapses the. rast diry gabi
desert can contain all reserroir water
* In order to get ready for thb-pruject starting tfor'good
service , from this year ,faraers of Iuanchens Townslhipand other
townships already started preparatorr works.,stich -as planting .
vegetable in filo covered green hourse , animal and.poults- :
raising ,fruit trhee planting, .- so the project R3as ade knowi to
every household

.9.2 Participation of social organinztion - groups :

The People's Representatire Congre.s and WomenFedertion -.
League ffeaber Organization of fumen and An&iperformed multiple
participation by means of discussion reporting and nwiting .
their main opinions are as follows :

3.2.1 Response from the People's Representativie Congress:

Tu,renCity People's Representatire Congress specialls- held
discussi on on impact on ecoloar by the project , ther expressed to
support the Project .Anri CounntrPeople's Representative Cbnoress ,
held discussion in the rear of 1532 , and wade conclusion fnr the
project br letter No. 166 in April of 1993 .main point :er as
follows AnxiCounty is beneficiar.r area.. Theproject willplay
positive role in economic and trades development of J.si .--
Response of An.i County hlucnycheng Townshiprs7t that .- Shule
Rirer watershed is restrained and affected hrnatural cojnditions
with jioor agricultutre infrastructuires weak resistance
capabilitr to natural disasters : sandy rind and aridty ist
severely affecting agriculture ,aniaI husbandry, and forestrr-
Jhi th low utilization efficiencyr of land resources and slow -
economic ronstructiob speed . Fe are gladand exited that the
proJect will start . Comprehensive development of the project.
will sake full use of land andother resources of thewatershed.
We would strongly support the project and expect -the project
starting soon

0.Z.2 Response from the Youth Leasue:

An.ri CountyItuan9cheo.gTownshipLeague think that Althoug.h
in receht y.ears we have continuouts good harvests . and prorided
considerable coamecinal grain for the State :agricult ore
infrastruicture is poor ,with severe aridit.v .with lowefficiency
of land and other resources, weakdisaster resistance capabilit.
* 157-
 and loy econoaic construction speed P vel'opmentof ShubeRlier-
watersbedoailJ play profound -historic and .realistic role n1:-
reclamation . construction of water-. resouircesafforestratwon
,rind pjrevention -andsand fi.ring , enlnrgeuent of oasis area
improrement of comprehensiveefficiency' of 'water and land
,sdevelopsent of rural- market econory and improreivent of people.s'
jjivng standard we are Ule direct^ beneficiary . e, would
-strong.9lsupport the project . fuien*- rown League think that
resettlement of 0.2 million imigrants from middle and southern
part nf GnosrProrince* w vii)solve their - difficrilties in'li inwg
and a7griculture production-, and wakes thei becomewell-off:also
it Will lighten finVance burdeni of the- prowince ,i a , vast .-
pushing role in developfflentof adriculture, production .andgrain
production base The project vill bring silnificant effects on-
.

econoar .politics- and culture or Yvnen Town .- :.rrivl of

overseas experts will brijng colorful life to the tok7l.: increase
of population and enlargement of annual consumption Market will
provide a rare chance for coierce -,Jocal - industry and ruiral
enterprises

Federation:
.9.2.3 Responsefrom Womien
Resronse fro .4nxi County. Nuangcheni To0w7nshipare as-
follloes vwith poor water resources -facilities and weak
agriculture infrasth uctore , the agricultural county isal]w.s: - -
disturbed by sandy wind . Comprehensire- developmentof Shule
River watershed is favorable for further adjustment of
-wriculture structure and derelopmentof ruralJ economyxbyweans
of reclaration . water resoUrces construction . afforestration
wind preventiona and . sand fixing wouldstrongir support
etc . We
the project and expect tie project starting soon . Response.from
Yusen Torw faoen Federation are as folloss Itbe..project fil -
improve environment and save variovls energy to reduce finance
burden of the State and province . ffHea Corridor is tlle
commercial grain production base with hisg out!put:-of rarious
fruois and melons with good quality . the project will play
decisive role in provincial- rain produictionand construction of
Heri grain base . Arrival of. foreign experts will raise
reputation of TuaenTown , to get the tout well knon . thle
project will increase incomeof the farmers

9.2.4 Responseof experts-

held the-
In April of 1.933 . Gansu People's Giovernment
project EfS pre - examination sneetingin Lanzhou . 30 departments
concernedand 45 experts from Beliing ,ianjin ,Shangri Sichuan
And Gansu etc, on enironment manasement.monitoring
,evaluation uaterresources .geology .ecology,
,enrironsental

soil .arid meteorology ,agriculture ,forestry. and econoTr etc

participated the meeting . And opinions and surggestion are as
follows
*158*
 a. Shule Rirer r4itershed is rich in water and hand resources
,with .4oedutijization conditionJ . After operation of the project
. outstandins social, economicand ecolosical effects cau be
. it is
achieved n g9nod
comprehenisive developijment project .

b. The project area belongs to arid desert nrea *so water

for unforeseen circtrmstancesaccording to
Pnpluitat ion mist alolowb
planning

c. Immigrants utist he selected . At earlv resettlemenit stage

.production condition is not ripe . it is difficult to ensuIre
their living standard ; theerefore the government support is
needed , must pasy attention to resettiement affect onj en vijnnment

d. In desert area if thlere is no good circuilation of

ecosystemL there will he no steady- ;it is importatnt to
development
establish stable ecological environment at fringe nf the
devrelopment areas to protect reset.ation .

e. Thedevelopment area haslarge salined area.vith hard

tiusk ror improvement ; enough attention must be siren tn this
aspect before resettleieent .
f. Leachins drainage willafrect minerali7ation of Slnman.qta
water , new environment prlb lea must be prevented
Reservoir

g. According to present regional environment featurre

.commerciai energ- is the supply for Ihe rutral
mainenergor
areas

3 counter
o. measures:
a. In the principle of extensive mobilization and ouluntarr
itmigration, t*iZ to reduice inroluntary immigrants

b. strengthen propaganda and training

ro withdetailed
Full propaganda to iespect trutth ,to produce video tapes and soho
to people of the emirsated areas ,let theem et to know the fuiture
erl-ironrent . Rexi region is a irriga ted a.qricul ture area
:iami grants are not familii; withtcultivation skill and
techniques for saliniti, prevention and harnessing . so after
resettlement traininy must be put on them fo,' the pmpRoseof
successful agriculture production.
c. Ouring7 pro.ject imvplejnentation , regard 67nter resources
works as the suide at stages : to make sood arraigement for new-
comaubity . to allow ground lor long term derelopmert orf lvin.
and production of' newhanrdold settlerfs.
d. To timely summarize experience and lessoins . to serioustr
h7ear-opinjons frou carders ol the immigrated areas : to so)re
various new proiblens to be caused by uncertain elements on time
159 *
IO. Concluision

10.1 Project benefits

10.1.1 Direct economic benefit :

A'jth implementation of. th-e pr-oject -. in direct economwic.

benefits, are :irrisatlion ,power 'g:enerating industrr an-d
Potable - te- supply benefits. -

a. cultivation irrigation benefit :In the rar : of 005 v--ith

42000 ha of newt, jacreased cultivation area . .180 million yua:
crop products value ,annual benefit is 110 million yuan .' 19700;:
ha of salined land rill be improved ,vith6.31 mllio .yluan of
increased value . Total crop value of tilie project area -is 377
million yuan, witl 240 million yuan annual lIenefi t

b. - Forestry benefit : 1J300 ha of vind breaking forestrr.

cash forestry and sater sources conserration forestry will ble
constructed . Among which 4800 ha shelter forestry. 5300 ha
cash forestry . Total product value is 84 million yuan
c. Ainimal husbandry: 6200 ha of newly increased pasture
output of forage is 2.99mllion k9 . Amfong hifchusable forage
is 252 zillion kg to feed 36600 livestock total product- value'
is 62 million yua;n
d. Sideline wrrksbenefit : For processing of a.qriculture
productsandhy-proditets ; the proposedprocessirig factories
will use oil materials , melon sends , cotton-,beetroot,zeat
etc. as raw material. Fstimated processin.q value - is 43.866
: with 2O*of tax,benefi t-is 8.-793 moillion
million y-uan runn .

e. Fishery benefit: Fish raising area of tiem 3 reservoir is

666.7- ha ; newfish raising area to be'deteloped from lakes
marslhand salined land is 400 ha . Annual total a/nlueis 12.14;
zillion yuan
f. I, * oneration benefit: Total installation capacitv
;; eserroir Po&erStation . ChangaaDamPowerStation
of AewClyxim!:
and Fbsen aMinCanal PowerStation , is 30500 kre, annual areraqe
output is 141 million kwh . Annutalgenerating benefit is 14.233
zillion .Uani.
g. liter for industrial usage:to mainlysupply Waterfor the
State ker enterpirises , increased annual &ater quantity is 45
million .3 , annual benefit is 40.5 million r-uan .

10.1.2 Social benefit:

* 160
 lmpleentation of the project a 0.2 mnliioil ir,i.9grants will
bring about significant social' effects foI- the fi sn'ated-and
ewisrnatedareas . Conclusions
are Rs follows :
a. Resettlement of 0t.2 million -people froi * widdle nod
'southernpart of Gansu Province " will reduce population and lnnd
pressure . Natirn) conditions of theses areas .are hartdespecinll-
in themiddle ni'en ;vith less Precipitatiol nnd most rainl'eed
la.nd ,without elnorughtter sources, I,J'ithlslot of .qoternment'i:
inprutevery xear . buit drinking :water problem Ior people and -
animal is still not thorough
lx soJled . people are veiw poor U
per capita net annlual income is 280 yuan, per capita a7nnual,
grain possessoionis 22 kg J. relying on oovernhentrelief .After
completionof the project . the immisgrantswill gradually net rid
of poverty and become r'ich ( in the project ar-ea annual net
lncome per capita is 57Z yuan J , it also can I.qbten financial
burdenfor tire State and local governments.
.b.-After coupletion of the-project. liv ing standard of 0.2
million people mill be improred ; the project; can praonote
improveaentof culture and education level . and people's health,
conditions . ( In tihe project area ,illiteracy and semi
illiterac,r is 125.5 people amongeve'rY-thousand people: in
emigrated areas ,over 460.1 people amongeverE thousandpenople
In the project area, medical technical people are .C65for &verer-
thousanjd people , in emigratedareas , is 2 for every thousand
people . In -(he pt;oject area electricityr utilityF rate is 94.5,
in emiqgra ted area it is only 64.fl)
is nioiuiterest conflict between immigrants
-rhiere and natite
peoplje. immi`rants rill be concentratedly resettled in harren
land to be developed. thev not occupy native. farmers vested
interest .ven if the inserting fixhigrates. . ther will be nlj,
resettled in the abandonedland of native faraers .herefore
immigrants will not affect local people
c. The project area h4:c great potenitial for development
.Project impIementation will improve asn'iculture production
condition . and promote full growthof agricultore . forestry,
.animal husbandrr , sideline andfishery ; it creaitesconditions
for' comprehensivedevelopmentof agriculture and. industry 4and
makesSuile River 'atershed become one of the commercialgrain
production bases in flexi Realion. Exceptins coarodit.r suppl.r for
iocal demand. each year will provide 103 jili lion kg-commercial
cotton . 7 million kg oil material
grain .3 million kg comnrmercial
,.9 million kg fruits and vegetables .8.5 million kg neat .1
million kg eggs . the project will makegreat contribution to
vigorous development of Gansu

10.1.3 Ecological effects:

Theproject will bring about tremendoursecolosical benefits

foi' tlre project area and euri.rated areas ,as follohwinsq:
*161 -
 a. The proaect nrea belongs to weakdesert.-ecosrs ten JWathl -
frequent disasters, such as drought.strong wind and frost ect. - ;
: withrich imter resources, agriculture resources . miner
resources nndheat and light resouirces: with rent poteat.inI
for davelopmentof nrtificial ecological agriculture, ,a large
area of barren and salined land will become irrigated oases.
With new oases ecosyster and protection of ibter sources =
conserration forestry ,weadorand pastures. newscreen nlgyainst
wind and forfiring sand will pe fonAed ,it is favorable for
improrernentand protection of ecosystemin t.he middle lower:
and.
reaches of Shule Rirer ,and regulation of micro- climate, to-- -
changeweakdesert ecosystem mJtlhlow efficiency- into oases
ecosrstern with high efficiency . The project has enorrsmolus
-

envirognent effects
b. The emigratedarea, locating at middle and southetrniparts
of Ganst Province 'dmas serious soil erosion WIthjnt'erngesoil
erosion modulus 50000 --- 10o000kg /ku2 ,due to aridityr and
shortage of Water .over: loading of land, damageon regetation
.Soil erosion modulus of slope cultivated land is 0.12Million kg
Ar2 , wwith depthof 0.0)u in each j'enr (A ft&r ixuiration
..

1.512 5illion ks soil*loss can be reduced .11.79 ---53.38 million =

kg loss of soil nurtrient can be- reduced ,convertinginto
0.788-- 2.049 Million 71a8 ) .1ith emigration of 0.2million
people . Z6700ha of cultivated land will be reasonablyused to
Prevent enrirotnent deterioration of these areas . to increase -
land possession of the farmers ;orer ciit ting -Antreelnaration
will 1e reduced. agriculture ecosystea will circulation a good
war ,it will promotecoordination derelopment betweenpopuilation
,sources , entironment and economry

10.2 Utilization of resources:

* 10.2.1
Utilization of waterresources:
SurTfabewaterresources: Longtermaveragerunoff of Slhule
River rintershed is 1.031 billion m3 ;before the project
.a:tilization rate is 41.71 ;after the proJect, utilization
rate
will be 89.8%

Underground water resources :before thte project, 1.118

billion m3. utilization of well watera.nd spring swter-is Z35
million m.7:after the project . undergroundwater is 688 milliont
n3 ; utilization quantity is 113 million 3 utilization rate is
.

17.91

10.2.2 Utilization of land resources

162'
0 - f * - - ,.,.. ,

Land resources:Among the planned nieanto be irrin,a terd of

Shule livei watershed .area of brarien'land is -0.2285-million ha
Amongwhich .reclaimable land Jg-. 85600 ha .Be.fore tthe project.
existing area of irrigated land is 43600 ha :t arter the project.
area of irriqated land JiJIbe increased to 082000han. -:

10.2.3 Utilization of light and heat resources:

f Light resources: This area is rich 1inlight resources .Mwth
adequacr of sunshilne .But utilization is limited *sunshine time,
is 3260 --- 3280 hourts .haviny no obvious - restraints to srowth
of main crops, belonging to lonq sunshine area .
rith considerable
sunshine radintion and relative stabili tr
.annual radiation quantity is 625 -- 64- kilocaiorielWc2 V
,abundant .iunshine radiation is: favorable - for agiricultuire
prodic tion ,especiallv for reasonable dense cultivation and
interplantation-
* Heat energ- -This area is richi in beat energy ,but - iot rutl L.
used . > 5 C accumulative temperature is .246 -- 3877C .0aily
temperature difference e is 14.8 16.3 C during crop rhowt/li
season .Bigdailyr teperatire
difference is favororable
for qun11t,rt :
improvementof crops

10.2.41Utilization of other resources

Tourism :There are 30 cultural relics and historic sites along
T
theancient " Silk Road ,most of tbeaarea located in remote
mountains andSobi desert .At present area along Jiuquan --
DunhuangHi.qhva.v are developed, with 401-ofutilization rate
,With greatpotential for deveJopment. -

M'
ineral resources : and Anxi are rich
Yuemen in ainerni
resources with aore than 10 varieties. Besides exploited oil
.
and coal, othersinerals ,such as il'O ,uirabilite ,1ld, copper
.tungsien ,sulphur ,qvpsum ,corundu , limestone etc , have
exploitation value
(find energy : Thisarea has frequent strong wind.Anouai
W
average rind speed is 4.2 a/s in husen;longterm averase wind
speed is 3.6 u/s ,in An.i ,with stable direction and great
potential fordevelopment.
* Population : Thisarea has less population densilt .witth 7.1
people 1kri .In the resettlement area , agricul ture population
is 0.1126 million , with 54000labor force .Vith implementation
of theproject,per laborer will hare 1.8 ha of irriLnt.ed area
.At present. this area is shortage of labor

* 163 *
 In summary, the proJect area hns advantages:=adeqviateliglt-
,abundantheat energy .great deve)lopent potential of rater and
lnnd resources..VItl less popuiln
tion and labor force ,iaJigrannts
arewelcomed.
Withlimp)erientationof the project, land andwater.resources
can get fulliy used ,with certain allownce, for unforeseen
circumstances ,tbe project area will maintain coordination
development betweenpopulation .resources and enrironment
Dy the year of 2005 under prerequisite of per capita 4621
kg ration grain .402 kg commercialgrin and30? of coulodity - - .
rate of animalproducts in the resettlement area :,people'slivind
standard can reach welloff Jevel,land bearing capacit.Ccan
,contain 0.7248 million people
With developmentof this area. enlargementof population and - .*
environment. capacity ,this area has a hopeful fuirture to
maintain ecolosical balance

10.3Reduction ,reuoval and reredy on adverse

environment affect. 4.
..

Becauseof development of water and landlesoulrces . enter ' .

of considerable inigrants ,desert' will become. oases . Hirt

adverse environment affecti also should not be neglected. - .

,ollowing reduction ,remoraiand remedymensasres

vwll he taken.:
a. Irrigation is the lifeblood of this agricul ture area
meansoases. In order to reasonabl vise mater ,it is
EIntei'
planned to jointly perform optimurm dispattcli of Changma, :
Siruangtaand C6Jijinreservoirs .o fully use surface water. , to
reasdnabLr exploit undergroundwater .to control- rise ind-fall
range of water table ,to prevent -soil salinityv and
desertification'.,
b. Principles for irrigation water to determine land br
water ,to do plantation bymeasuringwater.The suggested weter
utilization ratio foragriculture .forestry and pasture is 10:
I : 1.3 .To prevent forestry and grass land from deterioration
,to maintain ecology balance in irrigation districts . Toremain
103 million mJ waterfor environmentin oases onter ,to protect
psauropbflte
c. Inorder to slowdownaffect on water quality. of Shuanlta
Reserrroirdue to leaching and drainage ,it is proposed to
strengthen monitoringto delay development progress of 2657ha
salined land in upper streas to adJust crops in dow7nstream
irriga Lion districts . to changedkainage iethod. to control salt
content of reservoir, or to chooseanother 2667 ha reclaimable
land.
d. Inorder toprevent secondaryrsalinization in irrigation
dist'icts ,firstly to prevent canal leakage anidinfiltration
r 164
'isebondlyto refoiw
conventional flood I rigioto;
--to- use ftiwro -
irrigcation -,ro establish
drainage
:syrstem
*to improvesalt"
,tocontrol
reaoral depth of water table.
critical -

e. In orderto preventdesertification .firstir toprotect

psammiophyvte. to forbiddigging of glvc.rrrhiza ,secondLr to
constriuct trunk base forestry belts. forestry wrist lheberore
faraing

f. Foragriculture ecolosical balance ,to optinize.structilre-

and competent of agriculture ,foresttv, and grass , .ad
componentbetween grain crop and cash crop. Area of forestry -and
artificialpasture must account for- 22t of thetotal irrigation
area
In olderto protect-area for -fish -andbirds,artificial
forestry area and zviteraren vill be compensation area .Bec-tuse
of humranactivityr birds will, lose their previous habitats
;leachins water will affectfresh waterfish in Shuntagt
Reservoir .But habitats :-vill-be given by afforestra
tion a and
artificial waterarea
h,. Fuel forestry must be plantedbefore immisrationto
preventdamage on vegetation,to drerelop swaIl: scalehvdro
poweranid coalmine.To avoiddirect firing of strawr mndmanure
to develop firedamp forgood heating result .To use solarafid
windenerav for multiple supplementation . -
i. 1In order to ensure immigrants' heaith ,to choose -low-
infectious diseases ifcidence period lor immigration .For
hygiene potable water to continuously perfors dissing deep
wells to prevent local fluorine disease and endemic .oiter by,
using salt with iodine . Besides givins explanations , certain
wedicliewillbe distributed to immirarnts to help then pass the
shortperiod.

4. In order to reduice adverse environwent aIfect in '

construction period , construction units shall strictly carr.i

out labor protection regulations concerne8, to prerent
occurrence of casualties

10.4 Environmentprotection management-organizations and

monitoring & eraluation stations :
As soon as the project starts .environnent protection
management organization ,moni toring eraluation stations,
coaruter networks and regulations on environment protection of
the project area'½rustbe determined and they kill simultaneousLr
be in normal operation . In order to ensure that entironment
protection is a fundamental policr for the develowpent area.

10.5 Conclusion
* 165 .
 ~;-- - --- -C^X'4ie

I'igolrous developuent of the project wili not onl.v utilizer;

r.ater and land resources but also leave certain a.liois'nve for
unforeseen circuastances . With great potential of land bearing -

capacity , environuent is spacious .herelore coordination

dovelopgent of population resources and environseint has -a
hopeful future to maintain ecolosical balance

Construction of the project willnot onlyr change theweak

desert ecosvstem of the project area into /iiol' efficiency
agricilt ure ecosystem ,but is also can reduce deterioration of
ecological eni'ironment of the euiLrated a.rens T.7hereforethis
project is a typical environaent systematic ..proJect- with
botundess beneficence which vill henefit descendents .Frnm
.

point riewof enrironfent protection . the project is not only :

workable . but also it is advisable to staurt the project as soon
as possible

An oasis . covered. with thick forestry anid grass. with

prosperous anricuiltire and animal husbandry , kithl appear in the
vast wildsof lexiRegion of GansuProvince

.16~
~

16 ,
AnnexLil MainReference
Materials

1. Water Resources SectorFeasibility Study Repor-tof

Comprehensive Development
Projectof Agriculture Irrigation &
Resettlement in the Shule River Watershed of Gansu Province
China .
by Olnsii Province Hydroeteetric Explorationi & Desiti
Institute , June 1992

2. Immigration Feasibility
Studyof Comprehensive
Development
Project of.AgricultureIrrigation& Resettlementin theSlhale
RiverWatershed or GansuProvince
, China.
by Northwest Researchi InstiLute
Population of Lanzhou
University , Nay1992
3. CommunityConstruction Study of ComprehensiveDevelopment
Project of Auriculture Irrigation & Resettlement in theSlhule
River Watershed of GansuProvince , China
by Geographical Faculty of Northwest Teachers' Universitv
May 1992
4 . lsYdrogeo[ogy Special Report of Environtmenit lmp?actStatemen.t
for Comprehensive Development Project of Agricultuire Irrigation
& Resettlement in theShuleRiverWatershed of GansnProvince
CIhina.
bjy Envirotnmetnt
GeologsyResearchi Institute of Gansu Province
Geological Mining Bureau . August 1992 .
5. SurFace VaterQualitySpecialReportof EnvironmentImpact
Statementfor Comprehensive Development
Projectof Agriculture
Irrigation& Res6ttlemeatin theShuleRiverWatershed
of Gansu
Province
, China.
by Jiuquan Prefecture Environment
Evaluation
Institate
of
GansuProvince. ausust 1992
6. Soil & Tmprovement Special Reportof Environiment Impact
Statement for Cumprebensive Development Project
of Agricultuire
Irrigation & Resettlementin theShuleRiver Watershed of Gansu
Provinlce , China .
by GansuProvince Hlvdroelectric Exploration & Design institute
Aiugisl 1992

7. People's Health Special Report of EnvironmentImpact Statement

for ComprehensiveDevelopment.Project of Agriculture Irrigation
& Resettlement in the Shule River Watershed of Gansu Province
China .
by Jiuquan Prefecture Anti - epidemic Station
Northwest Population Researchl Institute of Lanzhou
University , Ausust 1992

8. Ecological EnvironmentSpeciaL Report of EnvironmentItipact

Statement for ComprehensiveDevelopmentProjebt of Agriculture
Irrigation & Resettlement in the Sliule River WaLershled
of Gansu
Province , China - *167
 by Gansu Province Envirniimenti Protection Research Iiisi titri .
August 1992

9. AsriculLtre Protection SpecialRepnrt of Environmenl lui'act

Slatement for Comprehensive DevelopmenttProiect of Anriculturp
Irri,ation & Resettlement in th1eShile RiverWatershed or Gansii
Provinie , Chlina.
by Gansui Province Hydroelectric ExploraLion & Ilesiin
Institute , August. 1992
in . Immigrants' Resettlement. & Environmenti Capacity Special
Report of Environmenli. Impact. Statement for Comprelienisivi
Development Projectof Anriculture Irriuation& Resettlemutl in
the Shitle River Watershedof Gansu Proviince , China .
by Nortitwest Popilal ion Research insuit.I tr uoLauzitil7
Iiiiversity , Auigst 1992

168*
 *~~~ '.'w

B.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~..
- --------- -.-
Annex.rr

- -
Tname
I Isex / Iage I -
I -------
,,
nationality /:
Residential address
Attitude to emigration 1 viiijns re."lectant
Ann-tb
Ieal
H ---status
- --/ --ver.rgood
------/ good normal- poor
Educationbjsenior schjool I junor school /primfary1 1111
Iteracy,
Relief I
,Vaxe~~~~~
I-erI----/
~ ~~ ----.ainsirI - ~ :-
Reason ror
emigration I
Per capita?animal income/
apecetatLionon immigrated area
Hasiwuff difficulty. I
in emigration from I
s'our riewI
Reasonfor reluctant I
tto eigra to i
-…---- - …-- - --- -- --- --- ---… --- --- --

____ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

169-
 - -~~~~~~~~~~~
s:-z wb ----.
e7-
--- - --
AnnexI,'
- - - - - - - -- - - - - - - g |

InveastisationForAm
far Peoplein thje IamAigra
ted Areais
- - -- - - --- --- - - -- --- - - -- - - - - - - -.-.- -

/
Name / Sex I Re I Fnationality/
Youirattitude to lmxlyreLion I1 willing to -receiie (Ireluctant

to receive at sorernments' disposa- I

HfaloreasonsII
Howdo you think the I
alreadirimmigrated I
peopleI
Relhtionsbipbetween/
natives £ ini.qrants I
f
Nain reason for immigrants
movingqbacktohometown F

_~~~~~~~
_0_ . _ _ _ 17_
_ _ __ _ __ _ _ _ _

-1.70
 Id~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~M

AnnexVTr Documentof the State Enrironaent Protection-

Bureau No.060. 19.92)
---------. - ---.-. - ,….:-----

Approval reply to examination on Enrironxent Impact Erlnuation

WorkOutline of Coaprehensive BevelopiuentProJect of Agricultus e-
irrigation & l1wigrants' Resettlement in Shule River kEtetsled of
GansuProvince

Date: Mayv,13
,192 - -

ro:ans; Provincearticulture Commission

Yoir Report on Submission of EnvironmentImpact Evallution

n

b'orkOutline of Shule River Project b.sNo.79 ( 13991) ias

receii ed .After exaination anndchecking . following replr, are
91veR;

1. theoutline contains full work contents . with cllcar

aspects for evaluation , and reasonahle settings of special
subJects .it can be used as basis for developwentof ent-ironniut
evraluations.--- --
2. the evlduation,woirksinvolve widteworArangeand consideraltIle
aspects it willhe hishlisbted that after completionof tie
p
drosect reasonable utilization of water resources in the
watershed irill plar positire role in.improrement of regional
ecologicalenvironment ( such as Prevention of desertification
changinndesert into oasis ... I and social economicenvlirtonient
* Also appropriate analysis and comments must. be sirenl.o
$rariation of enriromnent capacit- and social economic
practice
of the emigratedand immisratedareas
3. tot,)1
cost for- evaluation workis notover 0.4 uliionyuan1
nation opinionrs of the experts group
Attachmentexaui

171
I- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 I.~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~%

l'II
Annex Mimelist of the Report Compiiers
-ane. Sex Unit Title Profession titje Remarks
-Wang.iinatai i I*ICRI rice head engineer in charge project
…-----------------
GunanGunanfens engineer
JinNinwg t - -- -." - - - - -- --

. ~--
fLushlens
JYluan.q ¶- -_ ----- -- - -- - - -:-
n
-
:.

* Li Siting9 senior engineer 7 -

. -in Tiranrinmg ensineer

Gunoinohun F en.gineer assistant

Zhao Sheri H - rice office head engineer

WangZhiiAn n ' office head senior ensineer, techiical

enxatier
ZhangRuitong
* chief enqineer senior.engineer. project
forspecial field teebnical examiner
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~- ---~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ---
______ -_ -----

ZhangHOoding engineer -

shei? wei F -- :- -
Gao aialan H engineei- assistant.
GongSn0oring I GPIEDI office heaid engineer .inchargoeproJect
SnongVeiguang rice team seniol technical
leader en.qineer examiner
kabcRuichen - NICRI chief senior engineer technical chief
responsible
Fang Runsheng - deputr - technical chief
chief engineer responsible
Cang Qingrin deput.r . administrative chief
director responsible
WangGuodong - 'GPHEOI deputy - technical chief
chiefengineer responsible - -

Jia lhongquan deputy. administrative chief

director responsible
Note ' #IRl! is Northwest Investigation Design & Research
Institute of Ministryr of Electric Power & Ministry of rater
Resources 6PHEDI' is Gansu,Prorince Hiydroelectric
Exploration & Design Institute
S 172.
 ,, 0 't 'R' " ; -. ' Ft>Sa ''' :T V

4. -~~~~~~~~~~1

- - .~~~~InnJex
.UJ--tW- -
Examination Comments at rre - eiaroiation o .leet nq onl
EBtlonrirnnvent
impnlactStatement forrr Cvmp1rurhensinewDuelopoent
Project of 2tflrrcillure irrlqnt ior & lmrisj;nisl ResellemenI in
t.heSlinle River fittershed oif'G;nsrt Province rilyn- ..

From2nd to 3rd of -Jpril . £993J-, aPs:,Prorince Goci'mrit :--

c/ired Prr - e.i;milnaLion Nfreling1 on " Enitlronment -Imp,c;et
.D1-ileenit lfor rowIrelwnsive Developwent roject - of .4ori*ulture ,
irrigation i .& lmiginnts' Resettlement in thea .5/iiln River
.

tcier.shed of rGtnsirProvince . China-' in -tanzlrou . Fxprirts gonp;

contsis innm,- of JO c.Aperts anidprores.qors iol rii'omJvarn t. ,ii*ut ri:
ftesoni'ccs *nmqicbrdturojt 71fSoil
eco)oar,vopub,wtl ions . .qeoJo) int -
ioprorexrn;t etc frro the State and Province departments concerlned
,sri ct ific researeh instittites and nnitersitirs . are entanod - -

and entritsted ti do exviminal fat in ororks . Aftcr reiw'Unin.s on

prcliv.inar.r works of tlie projert and the pr(ject prosenls.it.tinnb.W
Shiile RNie,r Pr'oject Preparntorvr Dirision ,and dcra,Tnifel
preseritation or t he 13 xvorthwest rnvestigation Dl5esig7n'R-
b A',v
re'search Instit(rle of Ener.y, lii nistir anti 4 'finistir, of water
Resorsnics* hOi nrfinJgt is tro ni ien :;
coL7men
1. Shbilr Rirer h;tershed is richl in witer. and tandi resources
hi hg,r-roat potential rnr development .Aftcr operationl . ce(noumic
sociaj.7l
antdecological efferts .ire outstanding it is. ah'90J,)
*roprebrnsi re derelopspuntpraiert .
7. - r1weE£1 " contSnins rte.]contents, with highlighted points
detailed anidacriurate informaltfr, . rasohlile elJablaftion ranuJe
andff retlwds . workable environment proteetion measures anti
re1m1ail m
r concnsitin it meets tihe trquireneht of " thte
cszrire,lwnwrcnt.
er,lnntiorn imOrknut inr.cand 7ppirar l -cFl.* . The
e;.;ilation mwits sirenuthlwnefd the prod o'ris rork ut lf-lt?
Jrcor-dfln, to the lortldfBank quidelines :e;ernnt7ionContents and
format hasicaflv meet tire olirldBank d .and
3. '7e f.1 " hlghli5hted thaf aft.er proJect nrr'ratwin
ievelorpmentand ulwization of mea fr rest nwccs ri/I Irtin onrt
rar bition of lvidrogreologyand rcq.ionalI enr;inrrnnt :..nd serions
anat'sis and demonstiration rweregivenr to r-Triattion,or enririonment
calpi.i Iv amn)social eCoinvv of tIlie ca -rci
ted and inmigrated are.aps
.ProJect eIlironient eralnrit ion nnnnge.nwitinformartion sstemewas
estahliishred ,whicb wo)dld prer-ide fouiltdalion for the project
ourifronmentmanagent

4. S/1nle Rhit-pris a inland . trnveliLq

1irn'v' thrcugwIharid area
arfIri fCorridor;the proJect area is a reak deser-t cesystem
sait/t strong wind and limitation rf ihsolutte water' resourres .7t
is proposed!that. the evra.luationr'iN7vt will Itie strengtfhened . in
Crnsifferll iornof' fhe adovrerharnrtmr'istics ,andl rwithivnominntion

173
 S * wn~wftb ms4
7

of the regional social economricoverall plan kW,terresources,

developmentmustallow for- unforeseencicmtanjces on long term
development
5. Iffwfisranits'
resettliement
isa complicated
sociala-orkr
.1 is
pr-oposed
toarrange1
tiaesequencetor'resettlement
according
to
projectprogress; urt her commentary
thie, for resettlement
affects
onenvironment required,..
~is
C..- It is proposed that further study andiadjustmenit
-onyruralI
energy structutre should he Performed, according to Joe.i,]
enviroome*t and resources feat:res for the purpose
. of,
envtironment
pr-otection
7. Analysis on risks of the alternatives replacement mulstbe
strengthened
.8. Itisproposed
that
special
management
organization
mustbe
established
to unitArilymanage- planning,
.:derelapment
utilization
andprotection
ofwater in theSttle Riv-er-
resources
RoTatersi)ed

* of experts group YaoBangri

~~~~Head
Deputyls
head of experts rcoup:tin Tinong
HuangBasbent
t $ . ams.ns eeteets opiae oil ok.tii

Date :April
'3 ,15993

174' -
 dovexA* * - -

Experts namelist of report pre -' exanination meetIn,g

-- -- - -- -- - - - - -- -- - -- -. - --- - --
Nave Title Profession title Kajor Unit Remarks
FInnyPi
1JO0 professor senior engineer , waterresources
piroect, plantning& enrironment.: from Tecniical
Committeeof Ninistry,of' I'ater Resources group
leader
- --------- --- _ ____________
------- ___ - __ ____-_____-__________

Liu linong former director ,professor , ecological

environment, EnrironmentResearchInstituite of.
Beijing Teachers' Universit' , deputy giroupleader-
Ruang
IDashen vice professor .econouicgeo.grapILr
. Northfiest
Teachers' Universityr,depukvgroup leader;
ShengJinsheng professor senior engineer ,- sediment .
environment, GeneralPlanningInstitute of
Ministrgyof Miter Resources
2/n: Tan rice professor. ecoIogicil environmenit
EnvirontaentScience Faculty of -

iYankaiUniversitr
ZhnoZMding(F) senior engineer . agriculture ecoloa.
EnvironmentMonitoringInstitute of Ministry of
Agriculture
iin.vuan professor, ecological enironment
2nhans
EnvironmentProtection Center of Lanzhou
*11irersit r
- -- -- -- -- -- -- - -- -- -- - - - - -- -- -- ----- -

Zhilian.q
-Zhann director , professor , population environment
Population Research Instituite of Lanzhou
University
Ling lainin r-iceprofessor . agriculture ecolovr Gansti
ProvinceAsricultare University
FangZhonghao chief ensineer .senior engineer , water
resources project , GansuProvince Eater
Resources Bureau
___ _- _- -- - ---------- - ---- ______ - _-___-___ -_ __ __ ___-

Tian Dingsken deputy director, vice research-fellow

enrironment ranagement, GansuProvince
EnvironmentPtrtection Bureau
GaoJinsyin chief ,senior enigineer, hydrologygeologr ,
GansuProvinceGeologyMfiningBureari
Yu Hingxuan chief ,senior engineer ,hysdrologygeologr
environment VaterwSources Departgent of
175 -

II~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
,, ' , ' ' M Of , Resou'rce
' 'inis'try '-ter

Tit Guochang djArt tr ,resenarcb feilow .agricul tmn'e

seteorology Lanzhou-Arid geteorology Research
Institute
ffe Bu forer director, senior engineer saline .
soil
improvement , - Gansu Province Reclamation Desig.
£Researck Institaute

Li Be. eng-ineer
,arispculture
ecologicalenvironment
Environment
Protection
& EnergyDepartment
-of'
Jinistriy
of Agricultu.re

176 .
 OVERALL
PROGRAMME
OFAGRICULTURE AND
SETTL
IRRIGATION
/\ /:-s---e
-- :
o S o > - - ~~~~~~~~~ 1ll \ I , -- -:' -- - --S -p g . ,~~~~~~~~~

\ ,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~.- F --

g SE xi_l_ - - 1:

jil .n- -~ :-- -l2- - t

_~~~~~~~~Sno~ -J'rr I.ia,. - .,.-. -

LEGEND -

0° tnnWt_
.. ~ lI.on * _id - rent ,ctl.m.-
o ruIn.* * I^.rgrn. nrlerra LocationMap of ShuleRiverWatershed

N -- '.de....-..r.d uiinrI 1 _ jj_

hra. eh.aI t'b_~rIt 6..b-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Z.r
rryeirsi.. &rrr- dIra she.d

_ q_|
se_ __===-dzit h-d

_ni__ rrrfl,r.Pe. &rtrica ftn.ri 5ti &brr,i_,r - >(

t
EiIEI ' e-r EZI
.;1,b.isnr .. C
11 . w,nIa.
- .r-
I flt.inl.rd S ) (,

SCALE 1: 400000 CY-.r Tr

j- 0 i l0 22 lB'1-4e 20.

- -NSU PROVIINCE SHULE RIVER PROJECT PREPARATORY DEPARTMENT

--MPREHENSIVE DEVELOPMENT DIVISION OF GANSU PROVINCE AGRICULTURE COMMISSION
THE
SHULE
RIVER
WATERSHED,
GANSU
PROVINCE

B.. Or~~~~~~~~~~~~~~'

01T --.

.. K., i ' . .

< i I,i~* II.-T an& m, -. 4';..r', Ii

Plotting dete: August. 1992