SERVICE MANUAL

MS810IA110604

1
 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION 1

2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS 3

2.1. Optical system 3

2.1.1. Constitutive parts 3
2.1.2. Description of the system 3
2.1.3. Physical description 4
2.1.4. Signal treatment 4
2.1.5. Calibration 9
2.1.6. Precautions and maintenance 9
2.2. Aspiration system 9
2.2.1. Components 9
2.2.2. Description of the system 9
2.2.3. Physical description 10
2.2.4. Programmable parameters 10
2.2.5. Programming 10
2.2.6. Calibration 10
2.2.7. Precautions and maintenance 11
2.3. Thermostatization system 11
2.3.1. Components 11
2.3.2. Description of the system 11
2.3.3. Physical description 15
2.3.4. Programming 15
2.3.5. Calibration 15
2.3.6. Precautions and maintenance 15
2.4. Communications system 16
2.4.1. Channel type 16
2.4.2. Channel characteristics 16
2.4.3. Information transmitted 16
2.4.4. Programming 17
2.4.5. Flux control 17
2.4.6. Transmission control 19
2.4.7. Activating communications 20
2.5. Block diagram 20
2.5.1. Logarithmic amplifier 20
2.5.2. Analogic/Digital converter 20
2.5.3. Lamp control 20
2.5.4. Filter wheel detector 21
2.5.5. Control of the filter wheel motor 21
2.5.6. Amplifier of the temperature sensor 21
2.5.7. Control of the Peltier Cell 21
2.5.8. Control of the pump motor 21
2.5.9. Keyboard circuit 21
2.5.10. Printer control 21

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2.5.11. Display circuit 23
2.5.12. RS-232-C channel circuit 23
2.5.13. Fan control 23
2.5.14. Microprocessor 23
2.5.15. Power supply 23
2.5.16. Reset circuit 23
2.6. Description of the electronic circuit 23
2.6.1. Logarithmic amplifier 23
2.6.2. Analogic-digital converter 24
2.6.3. Lamp control 24
2.6.4. Filter wheel detector 24
2.6.5. Filter wheel motor control 25
2.6.6. Temperature sensor amplifier 25
2.6.7. Peltier Cell control 26
2.6.8. Pump motor control 26
2.6.9. Keyboard circuit 26
2.6.10. Printer control 27
2.6.11. Display circuit 27
2.6.12. RS-232-C channel circuit 28
2.6.13. Fan control 28
2.6.14. Microprocessor 28
2.6.15. Power supply 29
2.6.16. Reset circuit, 29

3. CALIBRATIONS AND VERIFICATIONS 31

3.1. Service Menu 31

3.1.1. Option CALIBRATE 31
3.1.2. Option TEST 31
3.1.3. Option OPEN/CLOSED 32
3.1.4. Option PROGRAMMING TESTS 32
3.1.5. Option PROGRAMMING UNITS 32
3.1.6. Option LOADING MEMORY 32
3.1.7. Option SAVING TESTS 33
3.2. Photometric calibration 33
3.2.1. Materials needed 33
3.2.2. Procedure 33
3.3. Thermostatization Calibration 35
3.3.1. Materials needed 35
3.3.2. Access and options 35
3.3.3. Option LIST 35
3.3.4. Option CHECK 36
3.3.5. Option CALIBRATE 37
3.4. Filters Wheel Calibration 40
3.4.1. Access and options 40
3.4.2. Option MANUAL 40
3.4.3. Option AUTOMATIC 41
3.5. Aspiration system calibration 42

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3.5.1. Materials needed 42
3.5.2. Access and options 42
3.5.3. Option CHECK 42
3.5.3.1. Checking method 43
3.5.4. Option MANUAL 43
3.5.5. Option AUTOMATIC 45
3.6. Check of the transformer and supply circuit 47
3.7. Check of the fan 47
3.8. Verification of the optical system 47
3.9. Check of the sensitivity with flow cuvette 48

4. CHECK TESTS 51

4.1. Activation of a test 51

4.1.1. Test 100: Keyboard 51
4.1.2. Test 101: Beeper 51
4.1.3. Test 102: Display 51
4.1.4. Test 103: Printer 51
4.1.5. Test 104: Serial Channel RS-232 51
4.1.6. Test 105: Stress 52
4.1.7. Test 200: Standby of the lamp 52
4.1.8. Test 201: Loss of steps of the peristaltic pump 52
4.1.9. Test 202: Loss of steps of the filters wheel 52
4.1.10. Test 203: Cuvette temperature 53
4.1.11. Test 300: Sensitivity of the filters 53
4.1.12. Test 301: Electric Noise 54
4.1.13. Test 302: Stability of the readings 54
4.1.14. Test 303: Precision 54
4.1.15. Test 304: Carry-over 55
4.1.16. Test 305: Accuracy 55
4.1.17. Test 900: Activation of QC techniques 56
4.1.18. Test 901: Restore default personalization 56
4.2. Memory Checksum 56

5. MAINTENANCE 57

5.1. Change of the case 57

5.2. Change of the main board 57
5.3. Change of the display board 59
5.4. Change of the printer 59
5.5. Change of the keyboard 62
5.6. Change of the transformer 62
5.7. Removal of the cuvette holder tray 64
5.8. Change of the filters wheel 64
5.9. Change of the filter wheel motor 65
5.10. Change of the peristaltic pump 65
5.11. Change of the Peltier Cell 65

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5.12. Change of the photodiode 67
5.13. Change of the fan 68
5.14. Change of the temperature sensor 68
5.15. Change of the lamp 70
5.16. Change of the filters 70
5.17. Change of the lenses 71
5.18. Change of the program 73
5.19. General care of the photometer 73
5.20. Cleaning of the optical components 76
5.21. Cleaning of the filters 76
5.22. Cleaning of the lenses 77
5.23. Cleaning of the photodiode 77
5.24. Cleaning of the aspiration system 77
5.25. Cleaning of the flow-cuvette 78
5.26. General cleaning of the instrument 78

APPENDIX I. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS 79

I.1. Optical system 79

I.2. Thermostatic control 79
I.3. Printer (only in versions with printer) 80
I.4. Display 80
I.5. Electronics 80
I.6. Communications 80
I.7. Electric supply 81
I.8. Dimensions and weight 81
I.9. Cuvette systems 81
I.10. Flow system (versions with sipper) 81

APPENDIX II. CALIBRATION TOLERANCES TABLES 83

II.1. Photometric Calibration Tolerances 83

II.2. Thermostat Calibration Parameters 83
II.3. Filters Wheel Adjustment 83
II.4. Alternating Tensions of the Transformer Secondaries 84
II.5. Sensitivity of the Filter Without Cuvette 84
II.6. Electric Noise 84
II.7. Sensitivity of the Filters with Flow Cuvette 85
II.8. Fan Tension Control 85
II.9. Zero-Currents for the Sensitivity Test 85
II.10. Thermostat Adjustment 85
II.11. Peristaltic Pump Calibration 85

APPENDIX III. MENUS TREES 87

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APPENDIX V. MAINTENANCE PLAN 91

V.1. Clean 91
V.2. Change 91
V.3. Review 91
V.4. Check 91

APPENDIX VI. SPARE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES 93

VI.1. Accessories 93
VI.2. Authorized Spare Parts 93

APPENDIX VII. PASSWORD 95

SCHEMES

Shematic distribution E81000A

Monocard (1-3) E81001A
Monocard (2-3) E81001A
Monocard (3-3) E81001A
Display / Printer (1-2) E81003A
Display / Printer (2-2) E81003A
Keyboard-810 E81005A
Photodetector E81009A

MODIFICATIONS

1 Modification

-Modification because loss of steps in the peristaltic pump of some

photometers 1-1
-Schemes 1-2

2 Modification

- Modification for recode the components to improve their description 2-1

3 Modification

- Modification because the LOG100 is a IC obsolete 3-1

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1. INTRODUCTION

This photometer is a simple, easy-to-maintain instrument due to its compact

design and the reduced number of components. Its computer-designed optical
system has allowed the study of the tolerances of all the components, thus
making any mechanical adjustment unnecessary. Most of its parts are
aluminum or plastic-injected and so a maximum simplicity with reduced
maintenance requirements is achieved.

Electronic adjustments are avoided with the high-integration electronics of the

instrument; a powerful software allows the calibration of the various parameters
used by the photometer. Corrections are simply made by numeric calculation
through the software using reference tools or calibrators.

Almost all the electronics of the instrument is located in a single board, allowing
the change of the printed circuit in case of failure. These circuits will be sent to
the factory where they will be repaired. A lot of check programs are
incorporated, to simplify the search and diagnosis of troubles.

This manual is conceived not only as a guide for maintenance and repair of the
instrument but also as a document for the training of the Technical Assistance
Service personnel. The functioning principles as well as the electronic circuit
are explained in order to get a global view of the photometer.

This manual covers the three possible versions of this instrument:

- Photometer with peristaltic pump and printer

- Photometer without peristaltic pump and with printer
- Photometer without peristaltic pump and without printer.

Note: Throughout this manual, the Absorbance Unit is abbreviated as "Abs"

instead of "A", in order to avoid confusion with the electric current unit, the
Ampere, represented as "A".

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2. DESCRIPTION OF THE INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS

A synthetic description of the photometer operation follows, in order to get a

global view, allowing a further detailed study for its maintenance and repair.

The most complete versions of the instrument are described. The components
not included in the simplified versions are indicated when absent.

This photometer is based on the following systems:

a) An optical system to carry out the photometric reading.

b) An aspiration system based on a peristaltic pump to position the sample in a

flow cuvette (only versions with sipper).

c) A thermostatization system for the cuvettes to carry out reactions at a

constant temperature, when needed.

d) A communication system allowing connection of the photometer with a

computer that, by means of an adequate software, can process the data sent
by the instrument.

e) A microprocessor system that controls and interconnects the former

systems.

The following sections cover a description of each system.

2.1. Optical system

2.1.1. Constitutive parts

Figure 2.1. shows a schema of the optical system, that is composed of the
following:

a) An halogen lamp (1)

b) A diaphragm (2)
c) A first plano-convex lens (3)
d) An interference filter (4)
e) A second plano-convex lens (5)
f) A cuvette (6)
g) A silicon photodiode (7)

2.1.2. Description of the system

The first component is a light source, the halogen lamp (1). The diaphragm (2)
delimits a light solid angle that is then collected by the first lens (3) that sends a
beam of parallel rays to the interference filter (4). This is one of the nine

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possible filters located in the wheel; a stepping motor actions this wheel and,
under the control of the program, positions the filter in the optical axis in front of
the light beam. Each filter monochromes one wavelength with the
characteristics described in section I.1.

A second lens (5) focuses the monochromatic beam in the center of the cuvette
(6). In the case of the flow cuvette the light path hole itself acts as a diaphragm
thus reducing the sensitivity, that will be a little lower than that of the common
cuvettes. The light passing across the cuvette is received by the detector (7),
that converts it in a electric current that will be processed and quantified by the
electronic circuits.

2.1.3. Physical description

The optical system (figure 2.2) is composed by a holder (1) made of injected
aluminum, on which the following components are mounted:

- An aluminum block (2) containing the lamp-holder (3) with a radiator shape in
order to evacuate the heat of the lamp. Said block includes the diaphragm
(figure 2.3 (1)) that delimits the solid angle of light.

- A lens holder (4) that contains the first lens.

- A filter wheel (5) containing a maximum of 9 filters mounted on their

corresponding holders (6). This wheel is actioned through a belt (8) by a
stepping motor (7). A photoelectric position detector (9) allows detection of the
stem (10) of the wheel, thus indicating the position of the filters in relation with
the light beam.

- A lens holder (11) that contains the second lens.

- A light protector (12), fitted together the second lens holder, avoids entrance
of parasite light.

- A cuvette-holder (13) holds both the cuvette and the photodiode detector. The
thermostatization system is fitted together (see section 2.3.).

2.1.4. Signal treatment

The light received by the photodiode (1) (figure 2.4) generates a proportional
electric current (If). This current enters the LOG-100 logarithmic amplifier (2) by
the input I1. A reference current Ir (3) (nominal 100 nA) is introduced by input I2.
The output tension of LOG-100 is:

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5
6
7
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 If
V0 = k x log -----------
Ir

in this case k=1 and thus V0 is 1 volt/Abs

V0 is digitalized by the double-ramp converter TSC500A (4) with a resolution of

10,000 counts per volt. The conversion time depends on the absorbance value
and increases together with it; for 2 Abs time is 0.15 sec. This converter is
controlled by the microprocessor (5).

2.1.5. Calibration

The global system (optical system, amplifier and converter) is not strictly linear
due to the tolerances of their components; it is thus necessary to calibrate it,
that is, to introduce correction factors to compensate the deviations inherent to
the system.

The photometric calibration is performed in ranges; between 0 and 2 Abs

several values ranges are determined and different correction factors are
applied depending on the range. As deviation is also different depending on the
wavelength, it is also necessary to calibrate with different filters. Calibration
process is described in section 3.2.

2.1.6. Precautions and maintenance

Maintenance of the optical system should be carried out according to the

instructions given in section 5.20.

2.2. Aspiration system

2.2.1. Components

The aspiration system is composed by the following parts (figure 2.5):

a) Sip tubing (1)

b) Flow cuvette (2)
c) Peristaltic pump (3)
d) Waste bottle (4)

2.2.2. Description of the system

The sample is aspirated in by the sip tubing (1). This tube, made in Teflon, has
a defined length and the instrument is calibrated in accordance with it. The
aspirated sample enters into the cuvette (2) where readings take place.

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Aspiration is performed through a silicone tubing by means of a peristaltic pump
(3), formed by a four-roller rotor actioned by a stepping motor with a resolution
of 1/100 revolution. The sample finally passes through the pump to the waste
bottle (4).

2.2.3. Physical description

The aspiration system (figures 2.6 and 2.7) is placed on the cuvette-holder tray.
The sipping tube (1) passes through the case by means of a steel guiding tube
(2), to which it is fixed by means of a silicone connector (3). The sipping tube is
fixed to the cuvette (4) by means of a inlet adapter (5). The peristaltic tube (6) is
connected to the cuvette by the outlet adapter (7), located in the peristaltic
pump (8) and finally connected to the waste outlet (9).

The waste bottle (1) (figure 2.8) is connected to the outlet (2) in the rear of the
instrument by means of a silicone tubing (3).

2.2.4. Programmable parameters

Three parameters control the sipper functioning and they must be programmed
to obtain the expected performance characteristics. Their programming is
explained in the user`s manual.

a) SAMPLE VOLUME. It is a number that allows to adjust the volume of sample

that will be sipped.

b) PUMP DELAY. It is the number of seconds the pump will wait from the
moment the sipping finishes up to the moment the pump activates again to
position the sample.

c) POSITIONING. This is also a number that determines the transportation of

the sample to the cuvette, ensuring that it is suitably positioned to be read.

2.2.5. Programming

Programming the aspiration system means indicating the instrument the volume
in microliters to be sipped. This value may introduced in several points in the
program. For instance, one of the parameters of each stored test is the sample
volume to aspirate.

2.2.6. Calibration

The nominal flow of the pump is 110 2L/revolution; nevertheless, the accuracy
of this figure depends on the tolerances in length and diameter of the sipping
tube, that may be affected by the aging of the tube itself; this is why this value
should be calibrated from time to time. The calibration process is explained in

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section 3.5. As it can be also done by the user, it is also explained in the user's
manual.

2.2.7. Precautions and maintenance

The general rules for maintenance of the sipping system are the same as those
indicated to the user and appear in section 5.24.

Weekly calibration of the aspiration system is recommended.

2.3. Thermostatization system

2.3.1. Components

Figure 2.9 shows an schema of the thermostatization system, that is composed

by the following parts:

a) A cuvette holder (1)

b) A temperature sensor (2)
c) An amplifier of the temperature sensor (3)
d) The converter A/D of the microprocessor (4) H8/510 and the part of the
program in charge of thermostatization.
e) The circuit controlling the power of the Peltier Cell (5).
f) A Peltier Cell (6)
g) A radiator block (optical system holder) (7).

2.3.2. Description of the system

The cuvette with the reaction mixture to be thermostatized is located in its

holder (1). Thermal contact is established between cuvette and holder.

The cuvette holder is isolated from the optical system holder (7) and contacts
one of the faces of the Peltier Cell (6). The other face of the cell is in contact
with the optical system holder.

The Peltier Cell pumps heat from one face to the other depending on the sense
of circulation of the current. The power control circuit (5) is in charge of making
that current circulate in the adequate sense inside the Cell, in order to heat or
cool depending on the instructions of the microprocessor.

When heating, heat is pumped from the environment (taken from the optical
system holder) to the cuvette holder and when cooling the opposite is done.
The optical system holder has a radiator to evacuate the heat coming from the

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 F ig 2 .8

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cuvette holder. The temperature sensor (2) measures the temperature of the
cuvette holder that is read by the microprocessor (4) through the amplifier (3).
The microprocessor has the thermostatization program and, depending on the
programmed temperature and the read value, it activates the power control (5)
heating or cooling as required.

2.3.3. Physical description

The cuvette holder (13) (figure 2.2) is fixed to the optical system holder (1) by
means of four screws (14) thermally isolated. The Peltier Cell (15) is located
between the cuvette holder (13) and the optical system holder (1). The
temperature sensor, located in a plastic holder (16) is fixed to the cuvette
holder by a thread.

2.3.4. Programming

Programming the thermostatization system consists in indicating the instrument

which temperature is desired for the reaction mixture. This value may
introduced in several points in the program. For instance, one of the possible
parameters of each stored test is the temperature.

2.3.5. Calibration

The same as with other systems, the tolerances of the different components
produce a deviation between the programmed and the real temperatures, thus
making it necessary a calibration process to compensate such deviations. The
thermostatization calibration process is described in section 3.3.

2.3.6. Precautions and maintenance

The thermostatization system has two critical points: the good thermal contact
between both faces of the Peltier Cell with the optical system holder and the
cuvette holder, and the good thermal contact between the temperature sensor
and the cuvette holder.

To ensure proper conditions in both points, the following cautions should be

taken into account:

a) A thin, uniform layer of silicone must be placed in each face of the Peltier
Cell, covering the whole surface.

b) The silicone layer should neither go beyond the surface of the Cell, nor go
inside between its two faces; it would result in a thermal crossing, thus reducing
the performance of the system.

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c) The temperature sensor should also have a silicone layer and make a good
thermal contact with the bottom of its lodging.

For assembling these components follow the procedures described in sections

5.11. (changing the Peltier Cell) and 5.14. (changing the temperature sensor).

2.4. Communications system

This photometer is equipped with a communication channel allowing connection

with computers. The operation of this communication channel will depend on
the program release and the application software of the computer.

2.4.1. Channel type

The communication channel is a RS-232, using the following connection lines:

RxD: Receiver Data

TxD: Transmitter Data
GND: Ground (0 volts)

The connector is located in the rear of the instrument, inside a box marked
COM 1. The control lines and the electric level of the communication channel
are compatible with the E.I.A. RS-232 standard. Figure 2.10 describes the
signals of this connector.

2.4.2. Channel characteristics

The following parameters may be programmed: transmission speed,

transmission period, handshakes, etc. (See section I.6.).

2.4.3. Information transmitted

The program of this photometer includes a simple communication procedure

that allows transmission of the following information:

a) The sample number

b) The concentration value

These data are transmitted each time the instrument calculates a

concentration.

The information is transmitted to the computer in a string composed of 14

ASCII characters with the format described in figure 2.11. The same figure also
illustrates the contents of each position.

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The chain includes two characters (CS1 and CS2) for checking that the
transmission has been correctly received (check sum). The checking process is
as follows: CS1 and CS2 are first transformed to hexadecimal numbers and a
control byte is formed with both. Then, the sum of the hexadecimal values of
characters 2 to 11 plus the control byte is calculated. The low-order byte of the
calculated sum must be 00 (hexadecimal).

Example:

Data string: "325 30.000"

ASCII: 33h, 32h, 35h, 20h, 33h, 30h, 2Eh, 30h, 30h, 30h

CS1 = 32h
CS2 = 35h

Control byte: 25h

Sum: 33h+32h+35h+20h+33h+30h+2Eh+30h+30h+30h+25h = 200h

2.4.4. Programming

In order that the photometer can communicate properly with a computer

through the serial communications channel, it is necessary for a series of
configuration parameters to coincide with those of the computer. If the
computer's parameters are not known, refer to its manual. Normally they are
likewise programmable, in many cases from the application programs
themselves. If those of a specific program are not known, refer to the program's
manual or to the distributor.

The photometer can be programmed with the more common parameters:

transmission speed (bauds), bits, parity control, stop bits and handshake. In the
user`s manual it is explained how to program these parameters.

2.4.5. Flux control

It synchronizes the communication between the photometer and the computer.

In this instrument it is not possible to control the communication using the
hardware (only the lines TxD and RxD exist) but it can be done using the
XON/XOFF handshake. This option can be deactivated if synchrony is not
required.

The handshake XON/XOFF works as follows:

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18
a) When communications are activated or at the moment of connecting the
photometer if communications are already activated, the photometer transmits
a XON (11 hexa).

b) When communications are deactivated, the photometer transmits a XOFF

(13 hexa).

When the communications are activated:

c) If the photometer receives a XOFF (13 hexa), it stops the transmission, but it
can transmit two characters yet.

d) If the photometer receives a XON (11 hexa), it re-starts the transmission.

e) When the photometer is working in a job that does not allow it to receive
information, the photometer transmits a XOFF (13 hexa) to the computer, but it
can receive two more characters yet.

f) When the photometer is ready again to receive information it transmits a XON

(11 hexa).

2.4.6. Transmission control

If the handshake ACK/NAK is programmed, the communication process is as

follows:

a) The photometer transmits the chain of ASCII characters described in section

2.4.3.

b) If the computer recognizes the message, it sends the ACK control character
(06 hexa).

c) If the computer does not recognize the message or if a transmission error

has been detected, it sends the NAK control character (15 hexa).

d) The photometer waits for the time programmed in TIME-OUT for the
reception of those messages.

e) Once the time-out has elapsed without receiving any message, the following
appears on the display:

COMMUNICATIONS
ERROR
Press ENTER

f) Press ENTER and this menu will appear on the display:

1. DISCONNECT
2. CONTINUE

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g) By selecting DISCONNECT, the photometer ends the communications and
deactivates them. Communications can be re-started using the path:

OTHER OPTIONS/COMMUNICATIONS

h) If you do not want to disconnect communications, select CONTINUE.

i) If the photometer receives a NAK control character it will repeat the last
transmission.

j) If a NAK is received a second time, the display will show the transmission
error flag as in step e). In this case, follow the steps f) to h).

If the protocol ACK/NAK has not been programmed, the photometer transmits
without waiting for confirmation from the computer.

2.4.7. Activating communications

The communication system may be active or inactive. When active, the

photometer sends to the computer the information described in section 2.4.3.
When inactive, it ignores the connection. The activation of communications is
explained in the user`s manual.

2.5. Block diagram

The block diagram (figure 2.12) is intended for a general functional overview of
the various parts of the electronic circuit.

2.5.1. Logarithmic amplifier

It converts the electric current coming from the photodiode in a tension equal to
its logarithm (section 2.1.4.).

2.5.2. Analogic/Digital converter

It digitalizes the tension coming from the logarithmic amplifier for its further
treatment by the microprocessor.

2.5.3. Lamp control

It supplies the lamp two different tensions. The first one (12 V) for its normal
use. The other (6 V), for the standby.

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Although the hardware is implemented to perform this function, it is not
operative in the normal use and only in the lamp standby test (test 200, section
4.1.7.)

2.5.4. Filter wheel detector

It is a barrier photodetector that detects the position of the filter wheel. Allows
the microprocessor to know the position of each filter thus being able to position
them in front of the light beam.

2.5.5. Control of the filter wheel motor

This is a circuit that, with the logic control of the microprocessor, applies the
needed energy to the stepping motor that moves the filter wheel.

2.5.6. Amplifier of the temperature sensor

This is a circuit that makes the tension level of the temperature sensor
adequate to be measured by the 10-bits converter of the microprocessor, with a
resolution enough to adjust the system.

2.5.7. Control of the Peltier Cell

This is a power circuit that, controlled by the microprocessor, gives the Cell the
adequate current to heat or cool the cell-holder.

2.5.8. Control of the pump motor

This is a circuit that, based in the logic control of the microprocessor, applies
the needed energy to the stepping motor that moves the pump.

2.5.9. Keyboard circuit

This circuit is basically formed by the keyboard itself and some protection
elements.

2.5.10. Printer control

It is formed by the power circuits that allow the orders coming from the
microprocessor to act on the printer, either moving the motors or heating the
points of the thermal head.

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2.5.11. Display circuit

This circuit is basically formed by the display itself, with the controller and the
power circuits incorporated.

2.5.12. RS-232 channel circuit

It is formed by the circuits needed to transform the TTL tension levels to those
of the RS-232 rule. The ACIA is integrated in the microprocessor itself.

2.5.13. Fan control

This is a circuit that checks the temperature of the radiator of the power supply
and changes the speed of the fan according with the heat evacuation needs. A
more silent operation of the photometer under normal conditions is thus
achieved.

2.5.14. Microprocessor

By means of its program, it is in charge of linking and controlling all the systems
of the instrument. The only autonomous circuit, not controlled by the
microprocessor, is that of the fan control.

2.5.15. Power supply

It is in charge of supplying the needed tensions to the different parts of the

instrument.

2.5.16. Reset circuit

This circuit is in charge of initializing the microprocessor when the instrument is

connected, as well as protecting the E2PROM against incorrect writings when
increases or decreases of the supply tension occur.

2.6. Description of the electronic circuit

This section describes the electronic schema of the instrument, following the
same functional structure as the block diagram (section 2.5.).

2.6.1. Logarithmic amplifier

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 1)

23
The logarithmic amplifier is formed by the hybrid circuit LOG-100 (U17). Its
supply tension is H 15 V. C48, C49, C50 and C51 uncouple the supply. The
photodiode is connected between ground and the input I1 (1/U17). The
reference current (section 5.1.4.) is generated in the 2.5 V reference power
supply TL431CLP (U18) and the T-circuit formed by R50, R51 and R52. Its
nominal value is 100 nA. The LOG-100 has the output OUT (7/U17) connected
to the pin K1 (3/U17), thus being the logarithmic conversion constant K=1. The
capacitor C45 stabilizes the frequency circuit.

2.6.2. Analogic-digital converter

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 1)

The output tension of the logarithmic amplifier is applied to the input VIN(+)
(11/U16) of the analogic-digital converter TSC500A CPE (U16), through the RC
net formed by R49 and C44. This converter takes as a reference the U18 2.5 V
tension and is supplied at H5 V. The tensions are reached from H15 V with the
D24 and D23 zeners and are uncoupled with the capacitors C40, C41, C42
and C43. Capacitors C37, C38, C39 and the resistance R46 take part of the
converter system. Said capacitors should be polypropylene-made in order to
have very low leaks.

As the tension coming from 7/U17 can vary in the range H15 V while the input
tension of 11/U16 must not exceed the supply tension U16, the circuit formed
by D28, D29, D32, D33, R59 and R60 is in charge of keeping the input between
these values.

2.6.3. Lamp control

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 2)

Power supply of the lamp is done through the circuit formed by the RG1
regulator. It receives the non-regulated tension from the 0-17 Vac coiling of the
transformer, rectified by the bridge formed by D10, D11, D12 and D13, filtered
by C19 and C20 and uncoupled in high frequency by C21. The 12 V output
tension is given by resistances R34, R35 and R36. The MOSFET P322 (T4)
transistor, controlled by the microprocessor, short-circuits the resistance R36,
thus making the output tension fall to about 6 V (standby tension).

2.6.4. Filter wheel detector

(See schemes E81009 and E81001, sheet nº 1)

The wheel detector consists in the barrier photodetector MCT-81 according to

the schema E81009 and is mounted on the printed circuit reference 1363.
Schema E81001 shows the resistance R12, that supplies the emission
photodiode and is connected to its anode and resistance R11 that is connected

24
to the photodetector collector as its load. From this point the logic signal is
taken and read by the microprocessor pin P71 (84/U1).

Under normal conditions, the infra-red light of the photodiode reaches the
phototransistor, that conduces at saturation and the signal is its collector is a
logic "0". When the filter wheel turns and the detection stem interrupts the light
from the photodiode, the transistor stops conducing and the signal in its
collector is a logic "1".

2.6.5. Filter wheel motor control

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 2)

The control of the stepping motor actioning the filter wheel is achieved by two
integrated circuits PBL3717A (U10 and U11). These circuits are constant
current stepper motor drivers, each one controlling the current of one of the
motor coils. This current is given by the reference current entering by their
respective REF pins (11/U10 and 11/U11), that of the 12 V zener D5, the
resistances R23 (in U10) and R27 (in U11) and the internal tension dividers of
these circuits. C33 and C34 uncouple the +5 V supply of these circuits and the
other connected components complete its operation.

2.6.6. Temperature sensor amplifier

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 1)

The temperature sensor generates a voltage proportional to the temperature

expressed in Kelvin degrees (Celsius + 273), equal to 0.01 V/GK. So, for
instance,

at 25GC VT = (25+273) x 0.01 = 2.98 V

at 37GC VT = (37+273) x 0.01 = 3.10 V

The U8 amplifier and its associated circuit make these tensions adequate to be
read with the maximum resolution by the 10-bit converter of the Hitachi H8/510
microprocessor. The adequate tension exits by 6/U8 and is applied to the input
AN0 (83/U1) of the microprocessor through the resistance R59.

As the tension coming from 6/U8 may vary in the range H15 V and the input
tension of 83/U1 must not exceed the reference tension of the converter
applied to AVCC (87/U1) (2.5 V), the circuit formed by D34, D35, D27, D30 and
R64 is in charge of keeping this input between this value and ground.

2.6.7. Peltier Cell control

25
(See schema E81001, sheets nº 1 and 2)

A low-tension, full-wave rectified voltage is applied to the Peltier Cell, in the

sense adequate for heating or cooling. Although the use of this current lowers
the performance of the cell, its use is justified by the simplicity of the circuit.

The full-wave rectification in both senses is achieved using two triacs and a
center-tapped coiling. Each triac may let a positive or negative half-wave pass,
when convenient. The circuit formed by the amplifier TL072CP (U15), that
works as a comparator, and the transistor BC548 (T2), that makes the output
1/U15 (H15 V) adequate to logic level (0 at +5 V), form a polarity detector of the
alternating tension supplying the power control circuit.

This signal is applied to the microprocessor by the pin P73 (86/U1) in order for
it to know which triac and when should be activated. The microprocessor
activates the triacs by means of two signals leaving by pins P84 (93/U1) and
P61 (74/U1) and that, together with the polarity detection signal (collector T2)
are applied to the programmable logic circuit GAL16V8 (U21) to generate the
two control signals of the triacs (12/U21 and 17/U21) and avoid a simultaneous
activation caused by a program error. Circuits 8/U6, 12/U6 and transistors T8
and T3 form the activation step of the triacs. Should it occur, two fuses F in the
coil common protect the transformer.

The result of this procedure is that each triac supplies the Peltier Cell a half-
wave, in the same sense, depending on the heating or cooling requirements.

2.6.8. Pump motor control

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 2)

This circuit, formed by the integrated circuits U12 and U13, is similar to that
used for the filter wheel control, with the only difference of the values of
resistances R30 and R33, as the current of this motor is different. Thus refer to
section 2.6.5. for its description.

2.6.9. Keyboard circuit

(See schemes E81005, E81003 and E81001, sheet nº 1)

The membrane-type keyboard forms a contact matrix and detects the pressed
key by scan (schema E81005). The keyboard is connected to the printed circuit
I81004 by J17. The lines of this connector pass directly to connector J11
(schema E81003) that carries them to the printed circuit I81002.

The scan is generated by the microprocessor lines P80 to P83 (89/U1 to 92/U1,
respectively). The standstill of these lines is a logic "1". One of them and only
one is active with a logic "0". Lines P40 to P42 (56/U1 to 58/U1) and P45 to
P47 (61/U1 to 63/U1) read the status of the keyboard. If there is no key

26
pressed, the status is a logic "1" due to the polarization resistances R13 to R18.
Instead, if a key is pressed, it will contact any of the scan lines and when it is at
zero the corresponding reading line will be the same. This is how the
microprocessor detects the pressed keys.

Diodes D1 and D4 prevent the short circuit between a scan line at "0" and
another at "1" that could happen when pressing two keys of the same reading
line simultaneously.

2.6.10. Printer control

(See schemes E81003 and E81001, sheet nº 1)

The schema of the printer appears in E81003 (box marked "PRINTER"). Four
sets of uni-polar coilings belong to the two stepping motors that control it. One
moves the head and the other the paper feed.

Eight thermal points form the printer head and a microswitch detects the initial
position (HOME) of the head. This microswitch is polarized by resistance R54
and the signal is read by the microprocessor pin P72 (85/U1).

Both the motors and the thermal points are controlled by parallel lines exiting
the microprocessor (schema E81001). The motors are controlled by lines P30
to P37 (47/U1 to 54/U1 respectively) and the points by P10 to P17 (4/U1 to
11/U1 respectively). These logic signals are converted into power signals by
means of two circuits 2803A (U19 and U20). Capacitors C57, C62, C58 and
C59 uncouple the power supply of the printer.

2.6.11. Display circuit

(See schema E81003)

The LCD display is connected to the microprocessor bus. To the display (see
box marked "DISPLAY" in the schema) arrive the data bus, the LCD control line
that is selected by the display in the microprocessor access cycles, as well as
/HWR to write data and A0 to select internal registers.

A tension given by resistances R55 and R56 is given by the line VEE, given the
adequate vision angle (that cannot be varied).

2.6.12. RS-232 channel circuit

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 1)

Serial communication is achieved by one of the two ACIA integrated in the
microprocessor. It supplies all its particular functions and connects through two

27
lines, TxD2 (transmitter data, 96/U1) and RxD2 (receiver data 95/U1). Flux
control lines are not implemented and so it can only be achieved by means of
the XON-XOFF handshake (section 2.4.5.).

The logic level of these lines is TTL. To adapt them to the RS-232-C E.I.A. rule,
the integrated circuit MAX232CPE (U14) is used; with its associated capacitors
it generates the needed positive and negative tensions. The communication
lines enter and exit by the J6 connector (Figure 2.7).

2.6.13. Fan control

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 2)

The supply of the fan is done by an independent power supply, formed by the 0
to 24 V transformer coiling, the rectifier bridge formed by D6, D7, D8 and D9
and capacitors C18 and C56 that generate the non-regulated tension. The
voltage to apply to the fan is controlled by RG7 regulator. The output tension is
given by the divider formed by R37 and NTC1, that contacts the power supply
radiator and makes the tension increase when it becomes hot. In this way, the
higher is the load or the external temperature, the faster is the operation of the
fan, thus achieving a more silent function under normal conditions.

2.6.14. Microprocessor

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 1)

The microprocessor circuit is formed by the H8/510 Hitachi microprocessor

(U1). It is a last-generation microprocessor, incorporating peripherics such as
I/O lines, counters, ACIA's, and a 10-bit A/D converter with four analogic
channels, among others, thus minimizing circuitry.

This microprocessor does not incorporate internal memory, but has got lines to
connect it externally. This memory if formed by a EPROM (U4) that contains the
program. The one installed is 2 Mbytes (27C2001) although a 4 Mbytes one
can be installed in a future for further enlargements of the program. The printed
circuit is also prepared to accept FLASH memories (able to be recorded under
program control). The permanent data such as test parameters or calibration
coefficients are located in the E2PROM 2816 (U2). A 43256, 32 Kbytes
memory is installed as working RAM.

The memory selection lines are decodified by means of a programmable logic

integrated circuit GAL20V8 (U5).

Attention: The maximum access time of the memories should be 200 nsec.

2.6.15. Power supply

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 2)

28
The power supply is in charge of supplying the various tensions to the circuit.
The lamp supply is described in section 2.6.3. and the fan supply in section
2.6.13.

Besides this power supplies, there is that of H15 V, formed by the regulators
RG2 and RG3 with their associated circuits and that of +5 V. This power supply
departs from a 0 to 12 V transformer coiling. The alternative tension is rectified
by the bridge D19, D20, D21 and D22, filtered by C28 and C29 and uncoupled
in high-frequency by C30. The regulated tension obtained in this way is applied
to three regulators in order to better uncouple the impedances. RG4 generates
the +5 V to supply the thermal head of the printer, RG5 supplies its motors and
RG6 generates the +5 V for the logic circuits.

2.6.16. Reset circuit

(See schema E81001, sheet nº 1)

The reset circuit that initializes the microprocessor is formed by the integrated
circuit TL7705ACP (U7). This circuit monitors the supply voltage in such a way
that when it is below a certain threshold the signals RESET and /RESET are
activated. The signal /RESET re-initializes the microprocessor while the signal
RESET blocks the line /OE of the E2PROM, by means of the transistor T1, thus
being a "hardware" protection against sporadic writings during tension
increases or decreases.

29
30
3. CALIBRATIONS AND VERIFICATIONS

In order to simplify the calibration of the instrument and the detection of

failures, this photometer has got a set of tests incorporated than allow analysis
of most of the functionality of the instrument, as well as a set of calibration
programs.

With the only exception of the peristaltic pump calibration, that can be also
performed by the user, access to the tests and calibrations procedures is done
through the menu OTHER OPTIONS/SERVICE.

There the instrument asks for the password:

PASSWORD........ =

Introduce the access code (appendix VII). While being input, asterisks appear
in the display. In case of mistake, type "C" to repeat.

3.1. Service Menu

3.1.1. Option CALIBRATE

Access to calibration of photometry, thermostatization and filters wheel, by

means of the following menu:

1 PHOTOMETER
2 PELTIER
3 FILTERS WHEEL

See Chapter 8 for a description of the calibration procedures and their

corresponding sub-menus.

3.1.2. Option TEST

Access to the set of tests for failure diagnosis.

Test 101: Display

Test 102: Beeper
Test 103: Printer
Test 104: Serial Channel RS-232
Test 105: Stress
Test 200: Lamp Standby
Test 201: Loss of steps of the peristaltic pump
Test 202: Loss of steps of the filters wheel
Test 203: Cuvette Temperature
Test 300: Filters Sensitivity
Test 301: Electric Noise

31
Test 302: Reading Stability
Test 303: Precision
Test 304: Carry-over
Test 305: Accuracy
Test 900: QC Procedure Activation
Test 901: Restore Default Personalization

See Chapter 9 for a description of the diagnosis procedures.

3.1.3. Option OPEN/CLOSED

Two options may be selected by means of the cursors:

OPEN: The user can modify the contents of all the locations.

CLOSED: The user cannot modify the contents of any location.

In order to let the user modify only some of the locations, while the others
remain closed, the option OPEN/CLOSED can be selected in the option
PROGRAMMING TESTS of the menu SERVICE, thus allowing to close
individual locations. This option does not appear in the test programming by the
user.

3.1.4. Option PROGRAMMING TESTS

If the instrument has been closed to the user not allowing him to modify all of
any of the locations, the Technical Assistance Service can do it using this
option, that is the same as that of the user's procedure, including the option to
open or close an individual location.

3.1.5. Option PROGRAMMING UNITS

When the instrument is wholly closed, the user cannot modify the units (the
option UNITS does not appear in the PROGRAMMING MENU). In only some of
the locations are closed, although he can access to the unit table, he cannot
modify those assigned to a closed location. The Technical Assistance Service
can do it by this option.

3.1.6. Option LOADING MEMORY

This option allows loading of parameters into the memory from a personal
computer. A simple application program to perform this option is not available
for the first series of the instrument and thus this option is reserved for internal
use in the factory.
3.1.7. Option SAVING TESTS

32
This option allows saving the parameters of the tests in a personal computer. A
simple application program to perform this option is not available for the first
series of the instrument and thus this option is reserved for internal use in the
factory.

3.2. Photometric calibration

This procedure allows correction of the absorbance values of the photometer in

the range 0-2 Abs, with neutral filters previously calibrated, in order to obtain
the same results as a reference photometer. The purpose is to obtain results
inside the margins allowed in the range 340-670 nm and the above mentioned
absorbances.

3.2.1. Materials needed

- Calibrated neutral filters kit (supplied with the service tools kit).

3.2.2. Procedure

a) Switch the instrument on and wait for at least 20 minutes before beginning
calibration readings.

b) Select the following path in the menu tree: OTHER OPTIONS / SERVICE
/password/CALIBRATION/PHOTOMETER/CALIBRATE.

The display shows:

SAMPLE VOLUME = 100

(Only for liquids). Press ENTER

STABILIZATION TIME = 0

(Only for liquids). Press ENTER

NUMBER OF FILTERS ............. _

Press 3.

Explanation: The number of filters indicates the number of different

wavelengths that will be used for calibration. Three among the most
significative wavelengths have been selected, also by the fact of having a good
standard for its calibration.

c) The display shows, successively:

CALIBRATION

33
Reading Filter ... 1 = 340

CALIBRATION
Reading Filter ... 2 = 405

CALIBRATION
Reading Filter ... 3 = 505

Input the indicated wavelengths or press ENTER if they are already introduced.

d) Then the instrument asks for the data of the reference standards. First the
serial number of the kit (printed in the box) and then the values assigned for
each filter and standard. Thus, the display shows:

KIT NUMBER
Actual KIT ............. = 0
New KIT .................. = _

If a previous calibration has been performed, another number appears instead

of "0" in the current value. Do not modify it if it coincides with that of the current
calibration kit.

CALIBRATOR 1 340
0.000 : 4.000
Actual value = 0.249
New value =_

Input all the values of the calibrators for each filter. (In case of mistake, go to
the erroneous value by means of the cursor and correct).

The last value corresponds to calibrator number 4 and 505 nm. The display
shows:

CALIBRATOR 4 505
0.000 : 4.000
Actual value = 1.988
New value =_

Once all the values are input, the calibration process begins.

e) Insert the required calibrator in the cuvette holder, to perform the calibration
reading.

f) Once the reading of all the calibrators is completed, an automatic printing

process begins where the following is printed for each wavelength and
calibrator: absorbance read, expected value (that of the calibrator), relative and
absolute errors. The tolerances appear in section II.1.

34
g) Finally, the instrument asks through the display if the performed calibration is
to be stored.

STORE CALIBRATION ?

Store only if the obtained results are inside the tolerance margins.

3.3. Thermostatization Calibration

This procedure describes the way to calibrate the thermostating system. Both
the cuvette-holder temperature sensor and its associated electronic circuit have
some tolerances that must be compensated in order to have the cuvette
temperature adjusted with the required accuracy. Calibration allows, using a
thermometer, the calculation of the correction coefficients needed to perform
this compensation.

3.3.1. Materials needed

- Thermometer Fluke 51
- Calibrated thermal sensor (ref.: FLUKE 80pk-1)

3.3.2. Access and options

Select the following pathway:

OTHER OPTIONS/SERVICE/password/CALIBRATE/PELTIER

The following menu appears:

1 LIST
2 CHECK
3 CALIBRATE

3.3.3. Option LIST

A list is obtained with the parameters of the last calibration (see example at the
end of the procedure). If no calibration has been performed before, the
following appears:

PELTIER CALIBRATION
------------------------------------
NOT CALIBRATED
The calibration data appear in the display in the case of the versions of the
instrument without printer. First at 25qC (for instance):

TEMP. READ = 25

35
REAL TEMP. = 23.40
E. ABSOLUTE = - 1.600
E. RELATIVE = - 6.400

a) Press "CURSOR DOWN". The data corresponding to the calibration at 37qC

will appear. For instance:

TEMP. READ = 37
REAL TEMP. = 36.60
E. ABSOLUTE = - 0.400
E. RELATIVE = - 1.081

b) Press "ESC/NO". The factors calculated in the calibration will appear. For
instance:

OFFSET = 1033
TANGENT. = -21.27

c) Press "ESC/NO" to return to the preceding menu.

3.3.4. Option CHECK

Allows checking accuracy at a given temperature. When selecting this option,

the display shows:

TEMPERATURE .............. _

a) Input the temperature to be checked.

The display shows:

PUT A TEMPERATURE
SENSOR AND PRESS
ENTER

b) Insert the calibrated temperature sensor. When properly placed, press

ENTER. The display shows:

THERMOSTATING
Wait 5 minutes

The displayed waiting time decreases. After the five minutes, the photometer
asks a new temperature. Check temperature in the external thermometer.

3.3.5. Option CALIBRATE

a) Switch the photometer on and wait for at least 20 minutes.

b) Access the calibration program following the pathway:

36
OTHER OPTIONS/SERVICE/password/CALIBRATE/PELTIER

The display shows:

INSERT TEMPERATURE
SENSOR AND PRESS
ENTER

c) Insert the calibrated temperature sensor. When properly placed, press

ENTER. The display shows:

STEP 1
Thermostating at 25qC
Wait 5 minutes

The displayed waiting time decreases. After the five minutes, the display
shows:

STEP 1
Thermostating at 25qC
Cuvette temp..... = _

d) Input the temperature value indicated by the reference thermometer. The

display shows:

STEP 2
Thermostating at 37qC
Wait 5 minutes

The displayed waiting time decreases. After the five minutes, the display
shows:

STEP 2
Thermostating at 37qC
Cuvette temp.....= _

e) Input the temperature value indicated by the reference thermometer. The

instrument calculates the correction factors and lists ( ) the following data:

PELTIER CALIBRATION

TEMP. TEMP. ABS. REL.

STEP READ REAL ERROR ERROR
1 25 28.5 3.500 14.00 %
2 37 38.0 1.000 2.702 %

37
 CORRECTION FACTORS

OFFSET TANGENT

446.000 0.526

( ) In the versions of the instrument without printer follow the instructions

indicated at the end of the procedure (h).

Explanation of the list concepts

STEP: Each of the calibration phases

TEMPERATURE READ (T1): Temperature read by the photometer before

applying the correction factors.

REAL TEMPERATURE (Tr): Temperature indicated by the reference

thermometer and input by the service technician through the keyboard.

ABSOLUTE ERROR (Ea): Difference in qC between the read and the real
temperatures. Ea = Tr - T1

RELATIVE ERROR (Er): Percentage of deviation of the real temperature from

the temperature read.

Ea
Er = 100 x 
T1

OFFSET : Additive correction factor.

TANGENT : Multiplicative correction factor.

f) The display shows:

SAVE CALIBRATION ?

f.1) Compare the obtained results with the tolerances indicated in section II.2.

f.2) If the values are outside the tolerance ranges, or to abandon the process
without memorizing the new correction factors, press ESC/NO to return to the
preceding menu or END to go to the main menu.

f.3) If the values are inside the tolerance ranges, press ENTER/YES to store
the new correction factors. The display shows:

Please WAIT

38
Once storage is completed the menu indicated in section 3.2.2. appears again.

g) To check that the calibration at 25qC and 37qC has been performed, go to
option CHECK (section 3.2.4.). Check should be done with the same
temperature sensor used in calibration. Tolerance: see section II.10.

h) In the versions of the instrument without printer the calibration data appear in
the display. First, those of 25qC. For instance,

TEMP. READ = 25
REAL TEMP. = 23.40
E. ABSOLUTE = - 1.600
E. RELATIVE = - 6.400

h.1) Press "CURSOR DOWN". The calibration data for 37qC will appear. For
instance,

TEMP. READ = 37
REAL TEMP. = 36.60
E. ABSOLUTE = - 0.400
E. RELATIVE = - 1.081

h.2) Press "ESC/NO". The calibration factors will appear. For instance,

OFFSET = 1033
TANGENT. = -21.27

h.3) Compare the obtained values with the tolerance ranges (see f.1)

h.4) Press "ESC/NO". The display will show:

SAVE CALIBRATION ?

If the values are inside the tolerance ranges, press "ENTER/YES". If storage of
calibration is not desired, press "ESC/NO".

3.4. Filters Wheel Calibration

This procedure describes the way to adjust the optimal position of the filters in
the optical path of the reading group of the photometer. The theoretical position
is established by the wheel reference photodetector but, because of the
mechanical tolerances, a further correction is necessary to optimize centering.

Calibration is performed with the filter in the position 1 of the wheel (340 nm).

39
3.4.1. Access and options

To access the filters wheel calibration select:

OTHER OPTIONS/SERVICE/password/CALIBRATE/FILTERS WHEEL

The following menu appears:

1 MANUAL
2 AUTOMATIC

3.4.2. Option MANUAL

a) Switch the instrument on and wait for at least 20 minutes.

b) Insert the flow cuvette in its holder making sure that the position is correct
and fill it with distilled water by means of the WASH key.

c) Select the following path in the menu:

OTHER OPTIONS / SERVICE / password / CALIBRATE / FILTERS WHEEL /

MANUAL

The display shows (for instance):

WHEEL CALIBRATION
SENSITIVITY = 20.1 nA
STEP 52 (+0)

Explanation:

SENSITIVITY: Indicates the value read corresponding to the photometric

sensitivity in the current position of the filter.

STEP: Indicates the number of absolute steps done by the wheel from the
reference photodetector until filter 1 is in the current reading position. The
number between brackets indicates the increase or decrease in relation with
the number without correction (see section II.3.).
d) Using the horizontal cursors, increase (cursor right) or decrease (cursor left)
the number of steps until the position with maximum sensitivity is found. If
several consecutive steps show the same sensitivity, select the one in the
center of the range.

e) Once the calibration is completed, press ENTER/YES to store the new value
and leave the process.

40
To leave the process without storing the new values, thus keeping the former
ones, press ESC/NO (return to the preceding menu) or END (return to the main
menu).

3.4.3. Option AUTOMATIC

a) Switch the instrument on and wait for at least 20 minutes.

b) Insert the flow cuvette in its holder making sure that the position is correct
and fill it with distilled water by means of the WASH key.

c) Select the following path in the menu:

OTHER OPTIONS / SERVICE / password / CALIBRATE / FILTERS WHEEL /

AUTOMATIC

The display shows (for instance):

WHEEL CALIBRATION
SENSITIVITY = 20.1 nA
STEP 52 (+0)

Explanation:

SENSITIVITY: Indicates the value read corresponding to the photometric

sensitivity in the current position of the filter.

STEP: Indicates the number of absolute steps done by the wheel from the
reference photodetector until filter 1 is in the current reading position. The
number between brackets indicates the increase or decrease in relation with
the number without correction (see section II.3.).

d) The photometer automatically looks for the position of maximum sensitivity.

Once found, the display shows (for instance):

WHEEL CALIBRATION
SENSITIVITY : 23.1 nA
STEP 52 (+ 2)
SAVE CALIBRATION ?

e) Check that the number of adjustment steps is inside the tolerance (section
II.3.).

f) To memorize the new value press ENTER/YES. To leave without memorizing

the new values and keep the former press ESC/NO (return to the preceding
menu) or END (return to the main menu).

3.5. Aspiration system calibration

41
This procedure describes the way to calibrate the flux of the peristaltic pump
and the positioning of the sample in the cuvette. The pump flux depends on the
number of steps done by the motor and on the internal diameter of the
peristaltic tubing. Slight differences in the internal diameter in the different
tubings cause variations in the flow, that can also be affected by the
deformations caused by the repeated use. Also slight differences in length or
diameter affect the positioning of the sample. This calibration is intended to
compensate these problems of tolerances and aging of the tubing.

3.5.1. Materials needed

- Volume calibration tube, included in the SERVICE TOOLS KIT.

3.5.2. Access and options

Select the following path:

OTHER OPTIONS/CALIBRATE PUMP

The following menu appears on the display:

1 CHECK
2 MANUAL
3 AUTOMATIC

3.5.3. Option CHECK

This option allows to enter a sample volume between 100 and 4000 PL and to
perform pump cycles to check the programmed parameters. On selecting this
option the following appears on the display:

CHECK PUMP
Insert VOLUME = _

Input the volume in PL to be checked and press ENTER. The display shows:

CHECK PUMP
Insert TUBE

From this moment on, as many aspiration cycles as desired can be performed.

Press ESC to return to the preceding menu.

3.5.3.1. Checking method

42
Check that calibration has been performed. To do this:

a) Take the Volume Calibration Tube and fill it with water till the upper mark
(3.0 mL).

b) Access to the option CHECK of the menu (section 3.5.3.).

c) Input 2000 (2000 PL) as aspiration volume.

d) Insert the Volume Calibration Tube, with 3.0 mL of water, and perform one
aspiration cycle. Then check that the length of sample in the tube before the
cuvette is that indicated in section II.11. and that the level of water remaining in
the tube is between the two lower marks.

3.5.4. Option MANUAL

a) Switch the photometer on and wait for at least 20 minutes.

b) Insert the flow cuvette in its holder, making sure that it is in the correct
position.

c) Access to the manual calibration program by following the pathway: OTHER

OPTIONS/CALIBRATE PUMP/MANUAL. The display shows the following
menu:

1 SAMPLE VOLUME
2 POSITIONING
3 PUMP DELAY

and the following is printed:

PERISTALTIC PUMP
MANUAL CALIBRATION
__________________________

d) Perform the following operations:

d.1) SAMPLE VOLUME (Calibration of the aspirated volume). Input the number
of steps the pump must do to aspirate 1 mL. The theoretical value is 917,
equivalent to 1.09PL/step. The number to be input is approximate and should
be determined by "error and trial", using the option "CHECK" in the calibration
menu (section 3.5.3.). When selecting this option the menu shows:

SAMPLE VOLUME
Actual value = 917
New value =_

Input the new value (i.e. 950). The following is printed:

43
SAMPLE VOLUME CALIBRATION
----------------------------------------------------
Actual value = 917
New value = 950

Press ESC to return to the preceding menu.

d.2) POSITIONING (Calibration of the sample positioning). Input the number of

steps needed for the sample to be positioned in the cuvette leaving a tail length
(before entering) as indicated in section II.11. The theoretical value is 150
steps. The number to be input is approximate and should be determined by
"error and trial", using the option "CHECK" in the calibration menu (section
3.5.3.). When selecting this option the menu shows:

POSITIONING
Actual value = 150
New value... = _

Input the new value (i.e. 155). The following will be printed:

POSITIONING CALIBRATION
------------------------------------------

Actual value = 150

New value....= 155

Press ESC to return to the preceding menu.

d.3) PUMP DELAY: Calibration of the time (in seconds) the pump will wait from
the moment the sipping finishes up to the moment the pump activates again to
position the sample. When selecting this option the display shows:

PUMP DELAY
Actual value = 2
New value... = _

Input the new value (i.e. 4). The following will be printed:
PUMP DELAY ADJUST
-----------------------------------

Actual value = 2
New value = 4

e) The manual calibration procedure is completed. Press "ESC" to return to the

preceding menu.

f) Check that the calibration has been properly performed (section 3.5.3.1.).

3.5.5. Option AUTOMATIC

44
a) Switch the photometer on and wait for at least 20 minutes.

b) Insert the flow cuvette in its holder, making sure that it is in the correct
position.

c) Access to the manual calibration program by following the pathway: OTHER

OPTIONS/CALIBRATE PUMP/AUTOMATIC. The display shows the following
menu:

1 SAMPLE VOLUME
2 POSITIONING

and the following is printed:

PERISTALTIC PUMP
AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION
----------------------------------------------

d) Select the SAMPLE VOLUME. The display shows:

INSERT A TUBE WITH 5 mL OF WATER

Press ENTER

d.1) Pipette precisely 5 mL of distilled water into a test tube and place it in
making sure that the Teflon tube end is at the bottom of the tube.

d.2) Press ENTER. The photometer aspirates a certain volume at normal speed
and the remaining at a reduced speed. In this moment, the display shows:

IN SIP THE LAST DROP

PRESS ENTER
PAY ATTENTION

d.3) Observe carefully the bottom of the tube and press ENTER exactly when
the last drop enters into the aspiration tube. The display shows:

SAMPLE VOLUME
Actual value = 917
New value = 950

and the following is printed:

SAMPLE VOLUME CALIBRATION

---------------------------------------------------
Actual value = 917
New value = 950

d.4) Press "ESC" to return to the preceding menu.

45
e) Select POSITIONING. The display shows:

PUT TUBE WITH

DISTILLED WATER IN
THE INPUT
Press ENTER

e.1) Insert the tube with distilled water and press ENTER. The pump is
activated and, after a few seconds, the display shows:

REMOVE TUBE
Press ENTER

e.2) Follow these instructions. Then the display shows:

Please WAIT

Explanation: The pump is activated and the instrument calculates the

positioning. During this process the photometer performs readings and thus the
cuvette holder cover must be closed. The process takes about 70 seconds.

Then the display shows (for instance):

POSITIONING
Actual value = 150
New value... = 155

and the following is printed:

POSITIONING CALIBRATION
----------------------------------------------
Actual value = 150
New value = 155
The display shows the preceding value (actual value) and the new one
calculated in this calibration process (new value).

f) The automatic calibration procedure is completed. Press "ESC" to return to

the preceding menu.

g) Check that the calibration has been properly performed (section 3.5.3.1.)

3.6. Check of the transformer and supply circuit

Before connecting the instrument to the mains:

a) Check that the tension selector position is that of the supply voltage (rear
part of the instrument). If not, select the correct one by slipping the selector
(with the help of a screw-driver).

46
b) Check the ground connection. With the mains cable unplugged, connect the
ohmmeter between the ground connection terminal in the power socket and the
checkpoint TP14 in the main board and check that the resistance is lower than
0.5 ohm.

c) Disconnect the connector J7 of the main board (transformer) and plug the
instrument. Using a voltmeter, read the alternating tensions in the transformer
windings and check that they are inside the tolerance limits in the table of
section II.4.

d) Unplug the instrument and connect J7. Plug the instrument again.

3.7. Check of the fan

a) Check that the fan impels the air outwards.

b) Read the tension in connector J8 (positive terminal in pin 3 of J8 and

negative terminal in pin 1 of J8) and check that it is inside the tolerance range
indicated in section II.8. Otherwise, check the silicone of the main board
radiator and the correct status of the fan.

3.8. Verification of the optical system

If the optical system has been dismounted in order to change any of its
components (lens, Peltier cell, etc.) or by any other reason, it is necessary to
verify its alignment, once re-assembled.

a) Take the case away

b) Take the photodiode away from its lodgment

c) Insert the tool for checking the light beam centering in the cuvette holder,
with the face with the screen in front of the lamp.

d) Switch the instrument on.

e) Observe the screen of the tool through the photodiode lodgment.

f) Check that the light spot is inside the outer circle (the inner circle simulates
the 1.5mm light pass in the flow cuvette.

g) If point f) is correct, the reading group is centered. Continue with point k).

h) If point f) is not correct, proceed as follows:

h.1) Extract the lamp-holder set, giving attention to its current position.

47
h.2) Check if the lamp is properly positioned, from the point of view of deepness
and inclination.

If the lamp is properly positioned, place it again but rotating it 180º. That is, in
the other only possible position. Check it again as described in point f).

h.3) If problems are found in the lamp-holder set, correct them, position it again
and check as described in point f).

h.4) If after these operations the problems still exist, change the lamp and go
back to point f).

i) Place the photodiode again in its lodgment, taking care of its cleanness.

j) Close the photometer.

k) The final, functional check, of the centering of the light beam on the optical
axis of the instrument is carried out by a sensitivity test (section 8.8) with flow
cuvette and distilled water (or a macro-cuvette and distilled water in the
versions without flow cuvette).

3.9. Check of the sensitivity with flow cuvette

a) Switch the instrument on.

b) Clean the external faces of the cuvette with a mixture of ethylic alcohol and
ether, then dry it with a soft paper (section 10.20.).

c) Insert the flow cuvette and its connections.

d) Wash the cuvette with 1 mL of washing solution and then with abundant
distilled water, by means of the "WASH" key.
e) Make sure that the instrument is on for at least 20 minutes.

f) Fill the cuvette with distilled water, by means of the "WASH" key. Check the
absence of air bubbles inside the cuvette.

g) With the cuvette filled with water measure the sensitivity of each filter. To do
it, activate TEST 300 (section 4.1.11.). Make sure that, during the test, the
cover is closed.

h) The reading process for each filter begins. A list of sensitivities (expressed in
nA) for each filter is printed.

For the versions without printer the values are shown in the display. Pressing
"ENTER" the sensitivity for each filter appears.

i) If the photometer finds a value outside the tolerance range (section II.9), it will
indicate it with a horizontal line.

48
j) Check that all the values are equal or higher than those listed in the Table in
section II.7.

If any of the data is below the corresponding expected value, check the
following:

- The cuvette is clean out-and inside.

- There are no bubbles inside the cuvette. To avoid them check that the circuit
is in proper conditions, the tubes are tightly connected and not strangled
anywhere.
- The filters wheel is properly positioned.
- If the value showing the problem is that corresponding to 340 nm, check the
tension of the power supply, the status of the lamp and the lamp-holder.

49
4. CHECK TESTS

4.1. Activation of a test

The test described in this chapter may be activated when needed and in any
order. To retrieve a test, follow the path:

OTHER OPTIONS/SERVICE/password/TEST

Then input the test number and press ENTER. The test number is printed in the
versions with printer.

4.1.1. Test 100: Keyboard

Press each key; the beeper must sound. When pressing ESC or END the test
is left. To check these particular keys it is necessary to carry this test twice,
leaving it once with each key.

4.1.2. Test 101: Beeper

4he beeper sounds 10 times. Once completed, the test is automatically left.

4.1.3. Test 102: Display

A set of characters is displayed. Press ENTER and all the matrix points appear
activated thus allowing check for defective ones. Leave by pressing ESC.

4.1.4. Test 103: Printer

A set of characters is printed and then 10 rows of asterisks with the 10

programmable intensities. Once completed it can be repeated by pressing
ENTER. Leave by pressing ESC.

4.1.5. Test 104: Serial Channel RS-232

A set of characters is sent through the line TxD (pin 5 of the connector COM1)
(figure 5.7) that must be received through the line RxD (pin 3 of the connector
COM1) checking that the received characters coincide with those emitted. To
carry it out it is necessary to make a jumper between said lines. If the test is
correct the display indicates "PASSED"; otherwise, it indicates "NO PASSED".
Leave by pressing ESC.

4.1.6. Test 105: Stress

51
This test has been conceived to keep the instrument operating for hours in such
a way that its power elements are periodically activated. It is used in the factory,
before the functional QC. It may be helpful for the Technical Assistance Service
to keep the instrument under observation or to check it after repair.

During this test, the system thermostatizes at 37qC permanently. The peristaltic
pump and the filters wheel work for 1 minute each, in 5-minutes cycles. Finally
the printer (if present) prints the operation number and an asterisks line.

This test is not deleted when switching the instrument off. So, when switched
on again it begins again once the autotest is completed (although the operation
numbers begin in 1 again).

To leave the test switch the instrument off and switch it on again while holding
the key "ENTER".

4.1.7. Test 200: Standby of the lamp

Each time the ENTER key is pressed the intensity of the lamp commutes from
normal to standby.

In releases 1.1. and 1.2 of the program, although the test is implemented, the
standby is not operative in the normal function. Leave by pressing ESC.

4.1.8. Test 201: Loss of steps of the peristaltic pump

(Only in versions with peristaltic pump)

a) Using the horizontal cursor keys, turn the pump rotor until the arrow is in
front of that of its support.

b) Press ENTER. The pump operates for some seconds.

c) Check that the rotor turns without eccentricities or abnormal noises.

d) When stopped again, the two arrows should be in the same original position.

4.1.9. Test 202: Loss of steps of the filters wheel

The filters wheel performs several movements. Afterwards, it indicates

"PASSED" if a loss of steps is not detected or "NO PASSED" otherwise. Leave
by pressing ESC.

4.1.10. Test 203: Cuvette temperature

52
When doing this test the photometer asks:

TEMPERATURE ............... = _

Input the temperature value to be checked, between 23 and 40qC. Press

ENTER. The display shows:

PUT A TEMPERATURE
SENSOR AND PRESS
ENTER

Proceed as indicated. After pressing ENTER the display shows:

THERMOSTATING
Wait for 5 minutes

The instrument thermostatizes until the desired temperature is reached and the
5-minutes value decreases. Once finished check that the external thermometer
indicates the programmed temperature, with the tolerance indicated in section
II.10.

4.1.11. Test 300: Sensitivity of the filters

This test allows to know the current generated in the photodiode for a given
amount of light, as a measurement of the sensitivity of the instrument for each
filter.

The photometer reads the sensitivity for all the filters programmed in the filters
table and prints a table (in versions without printer results appear in the
display).

This test can be performed with or without cuvette. When using the flow-cuvette
it is necessary to fill it with water by means of a WASH cycle.

The sensitivities read must be equal or higher than those indicated in the tables
of Appendix II, section 5 (sensitivity without cuvette) or Appendix II, section 7
(sensitivity with flow cuvette filled with water).

If the photometer finds a value outside the tolerance range (section II.9.), it will
indicate it with a horizontal line.

4.1.12. Test 301: Electric Noise

53
This test allows to know the noise detected by the converter in the signal
coming from the logarithmic amplifier.

Check that case and cover are closed to avoid entrance of light.

The instrument selects the 340 nm filter and zeroes. After approximately 1
minute, the results are displayed. They must be inside the tolerance ranges of
the Table in section II.6.

4.1.13. Test 302: Stability of the readings

This test allows analysis of a set of repeated readings of the same sample.

When beginning, the instrument asks for:

- Reading Filter (=340)

- Stabilization Time (=1)
- Sample Volume (=400)
- Interval Time (=1)
- Number of Intervals (=30)

Values between brackets are those recommended for a routine test.

Program all these parameters, depending on the sample. The duration of the
test will be the result of the interval time and the number of intervals.

When required, insert the baseline and then the sample. If the sample is the
same as the baseline, the zero stability will be tested.

For a routine test, make the BASELINE with calibrator nº 0 of the calibration kit
(SERVICE TOOLS, code 005) and use calibrator nº 4 as sample.

The number of the reading, the time and the absorbance are printed (only
versions with printer). At the end, statistical data are printed: average, CV,
maximum and minimum absorbances.

4.1.14. Test 303: Precision

This test allows to perform successive readings changing the sample every
time. If the sample is always the same, this test checks the precision of the
instrument (repetitivity between identical samples).

When beginning the test, the instrument asks for:

- Reading Filter
- Stabilization Time
- Sample Volume
- Number of Intervals

54
When required, insert the baseline and then as many samples as programmed
intervals. At the end, some statistical data are printed: average, CV, maximum
and minimum absorbances.

4.1.15. Test 304: Carry-over

This allows to study the cross-contamination between consecutive samples

(usually the first with a high absorbance and the second with a low one) caused
by the carry-over of the aspiration system.

When beginning the test, the instrument asks for:

- Reading Filter
- Stabilization Time
- Sample Volume

Insert the baseline when required, then the first sample for 5 consecutive times
(R1 to R5) and then the second sample for 5 consecutive times again (R6 to
R10). The photometer calculates the contamination using the formula:
R6
Contamination = (  - 1 ) x 100
Xav

where Xav = (R7+ R8+ R9+R10) / 4

4.1.16. Test 305: Accuracy

This test allows to check the accuracy when reading a sample of know
absorbance.

ATTENTION: The reliability of this test requires a sample absorbance value

determined precisely with a reference method.

When beginning the test, the instrument asks for:

- Reading Filter
- Stabilization Time
- Sample Volume

Insert the baseline when required. Then the instrument asks:

INSERT
REFERENCE = _

Input the theoretical value of the sample by means of the numeric keyboard.
Then the instrument asks:

INSERT SAMPLE

55
Introduce the sample. The following data are printed:

- Reading Number.
- Absorbance applying the calibration.
- Absorbance without applying the calibration.
- Reference value (Theoretical value of the sample).
- Absolute and relative errors applying the calibration.
- Absolute and relative errors without applying the calibration.

4.1.17. Test 900: Activation of QC techniques

When leaving the factory, locations 71 to 74 contain quality control tests.

Nevertheless these locations are de-activated and the user see them as free
until new procedures are stored.

Test 900 commutes activation and de-activation of these locations. Unless

programmed with new tests, the original procedures can be retrieved.

This test is for internal use in the factory and has no direct application for the
Technical Assistance Service.

4.1.18. Test 901: Restore default personalization

This test resets the personalization to the default parameters listed in Appendix
IV.

4.2. Memory Checksum

It includes 4 tests:

- Program Checksum
- Tests Checksum
- Calibrations Checksum
- Personalization Checksum

These tests control the integrity of the data and the program used by the
microprocessor. They are run automatically in the AUTOTEST and cannot be
activated by the user. Further information appears in the user`s manual.

56
5. MAINTENANCE

5.1. Change of the case

If a change of the case is needed or if it is to be removed to operate inside the

photometer, proceed as follows (figure 5.1):

a) With the instrument off, remove the supply cable.

b) Remove the printer paper roll and take the aspiration tube out its guiding
tube.

c) Remove the two screws (1) located in the lower part of the instrument.

d) Remove the two screws (2) located in the rear part of the instrument.

e) Carefully lift the case, pull it up and incline it to the rear, taking care that the
connecting strip that joins it to the main board is not stretched.

f) If the case if to be fully removed, disconnect the flat band (J1) and the supply
strip (J2) from the main board.

It is recommended to remove the cuvette holder cover to avoid it falling down.

To place the case again or to put a new one:

g) Connect the flat band (J1) again, as well as the supply strip (J2) (take into
account the polarization of the connectors).

h) Place the case again and screw the fixing screws.

i) Place the printer paper again and the aspiration tube (figures 2.6 and 2.7).

j) Place the cuvette-holder cover, if it was removed.

5.2. Change of the main board

See figure 5.2

a) Disconnect all the strips reaching the board.

b) Cut the clamp that fixes the photodiode cable.

c) Desolder the photodiode cable.

d) Remove the 5 Allen screws (1) fixing the radiator to the base.

57
58
e) Remove the 3 screws (2) fixing the main board to the respective separators.

To mount the board again, proceed as follows:

f) Put a thin and uniform silicone layer in the lower part of the radiator (3).

g) Place the board again and fix it with the 5 Allen screws (1) and the 3 screws
(2).

h) Solder the photodiode cable thoroughly cleaning the solder resin with
alcohol. Resin remaining in this point may cause instability of the reading
system.

i) Fix the photodiode cable to the board with a plastic clamp.

j) Connect all the strips again.

5.3. Change of the display board

See figure 5.3

a) Disconnect, in the board itself, the keyboard band (J17) and the printer
connectors (J13, J14 and J15).

b) Disconnect the flat strip and the supply connector in the main board (J1 and
J2).

c) Remove the 4 screws (1) and the board.

d) Place the board taking into account that the LED's should be properly
placed.

e) Fix the board with the 4 screws (1).

f) Connect the keyboard strip (J17) and the printer connectors (J13, J14 and
J15).

g) Connect the main board, the flat band and the supply connector (J1 and J2).

5.4. Change of the printer

The printer is fixed to the case by means of a metallic support. To change the
printer proceed as follows (see figure 5.3):

a) Disconnect the connectors J13, J14 and J15 from the display board.

b) Remove the 2 screws (2).

59
60
c) Remove the 4 screws (3).

61
To place the printer again, proceed as follows:

d) Fix the printer to the metallic support with the 4 screws (3).

e) Fix the support to the case with the 2 screws (2).

f) Connect the connectors J13, J14 and J15 of the display board.

5.5. Change of the keyboard

The keyboard is glued to the case and, when removed, it cannot be used again.
Thus make certain that it is defective before removal. To change it, proceed as
follows (see figure 5.4):

a) Disconnect the keyboard band from the display board (J17).

b) Carefully unstick the keyboard from the case.

c) Clean the glue remains with alcohol.

d) Fix the new keyboard.

e) Connect the new keyboard to the display board (J17).

5.6. Change of the transformer

The transformer is fixed to the base of the instrument. To change it proceed as

follows (see figure 5.2):

a) Desolder the three supply wires.

b) Disconnect the connector of the main board (J7).

c) Remove the 4 screws (4).

d) Place the new transformer fixing it to the base with the 4 screws (4).

e) Solder the supply wires (see schemes E81000 and E81001).

f) Connect J7 to the main board.

62
63
5.7. Removal of the cuvette holder tray

To manipulate certain elements of the optical system it is necessary to remove

the tray that supports the pump. Proceed as follows (see figure 5.2):

a) Remove the case (see section 5.1.).

b) Remove the waste tube from the outlet (8) in the lower part of the tray.

c) Disconnect the peristaltic pump motor strip (J6) from the main board.

d) Remove the 2 screws (6) and the screw (7) that fix it to the optical support.

e) Remove the tray.

To place the tray again:

f) Place the tray and fix it to the optical support with the 2 screws (6) and the
screw (7).

g) Connect the peristaltic pump motor strip (J6) to the main board.

h) Connect the waste tube to the outlet (8) in the lower part of the tray.

5.8. Change of the filters wheel

To manipulate the filters wheel, proceed very carefully in order to avoid

scratching or soiling the filters. It is advisable to previously remove the filter
holders from the wheel. Proceed as follows (see figure 2.2.):

a) Remove the cuvette holder tray as described in section 5.7.

b) Loosen the Allen screw (17).

c) Remove the shaft (18).

d) Remove the wheel (5).

To place the wheel again, proceed as follows:

e) Put the wheel (5) in its place, taking into account to position the belt (8) and
the two washers (19) as indicated in the figure.

f) Place the shaft (18).

g) Tighten the screw (17).

If the filter holders were removed, place them again in the same order as they
were. If order is changed, the filters table must be re-programmed.

64
5.9. Change of the filter wheel motor

See figure 5.5.

a) Remove the cuvette holder tray as indicated in section 5.7.

b) Disconnect the strip of the motor from the main board (J4).

c) Remove the screws (1).

d) Change the motor (2) placing the belt (3) as indicated in the figure.

e) Place the motor and fix the screws (1).

f) The screw lodgings have a little slackness to allow stretching the belt. Avoid
excess stretching.

5.10. Change of the peristaltic pump

(See figure 5.2)

a) Disconnect the peristaltic pump motor strip (J6) from the main board.

b) Remove the 4 screws (5).

c) Remove the pump and substitute it fixing the new one with the 4 screws (5).

d) Connect the peristaltic pump motor strip (J6) to the main board again.

5.11. Change of the Peltier Cell

(See figure 5.2)

a) Remove the cuvette holder tray as described in section 5.7.

b) Remove the temperature sensor (16).

c) Remove the photodiode (20).

d) Disconnect J10 from the main board.

e) Desolder the Peltier Cell cables from those going to the connector (J10).

65
66
f) Remove the 4 screws (4).

g) Carefully remove the cuvette holder (13).

h) Remove the Peltier Cell (15).

i) Take a new cell and place a thin and uniform silicone layer on both faces.

j) Place the cell in its position taking into account that its black cable should be
in the front part of the optical system.

k) Place the cuvette holder and fix it with the 4 screws (14). During this
operation, take special care to maintain the cuvette holder parallel to the cell,
and the cell parallel to the optical support, and progressively screw the four
screws, in order to avoid breakage of the ceramic faces of the cell.

l) Once the cell is positioned, check that no silicone overflows, that could
termically short-circuit the two faces of the cell. Thus the case, clean it carefully.

m) Solder the cell cables again to those of the connector J10, according to the
color codes.

n) Place the temperature sensor (16).

o) Place the photodiode (20).

p) Place the cuvette holder tray again, as described in section 10.7.

5.12. Change of the photodiode

(See figure 5.2)

a) Remove the case as indicated in section 5.1.

b) Remove the screw fixing the ground terminal (21) to the cuvette holder.

c) Remove the photodiode set, unscrewing the support (20).

If a change of the photodiode is necessary, proceed as follows (see figure 5.6.):

d) Take the support (3) and the separator (2) away, backwards.

e) Remove the insulating ring (5).

f) Desolder the cable from the photodiode pins (7).

g) Solder the new photodiode (1).

h) Place the insulating ring again (5).

67
i) Move the support (3) forward until the separator (2) contacts the photodiode.

j) Screw the set again to the cuvette holder.

k) Fix the ground cable (6) to the cuvette holder again.

l) Place the case again, as explained in section 5.1.

5.13. Change of the fan

(See figure 5.2)

a) Remove the case as indicated in section 5.1.

b) Disconnect J8 from the main board.

c) Remove the 4 nuts (9).

d) Remove the grid (10).

e) Remove the fan.

f) Place a new fan, taking into account that the air flux is outwards.

g) Place the grid again (10) and fix the set with the 4 screws and nuts (9).

h) Connect J8 again to the main board.

i) Place the case again, as explained in section 5.1.

5.14. Change of the temperature sensor

(See figure 5.2)

a) Remove the case as indicated in section 5.1.

b) Remove the temperature sensor (16).

(see figure 5.7)

c) Take the support (3) and the separator (2) away, backwards.

68
69
d) Desolder the cable from the sensor pins (4).

e) Solder the new sensor (1).

f) Move the support (3) forward until the separator (2) contacts the photodiode.

g) Put silicone in the edge of the sensor.

h) Screw the set again to the cuvette holder.

l) Place the case again, as explained in section 5.1.

5.15. Change of the lamp

This instrument in equipped with a 12 volt, 20 watt, halogen lamp, with an

estimated shelf life of 2,000 hours. When a change of the lamp is needed,
proceed as follows (see figure 5.11):

a) Remove the case as indicated in section 5.1.

b) Wait until the lamp radiator is cold, before removing the lamp holder.

c) Loosen the Allen screw (1) of the lamp radiator.

d) Pull back the flange (2) fixing the lamp holder.

e) Remove the lamp holder (4), loosen the Allen screw (3) and remove the
lamp.

f) Insert the new lamp (5), fully introducing the pins. Tighten the Allen screw (3)
until the lamp is tightly secured. Do not touch the glass bulb with the fingers; to
manipulate the lamp, the cover itself may be used, cutting it by the terminals
side and pressing until they come out.

g) Re-insert the lamp holder in its place. Position the flange (2) and tighten the
Allen Screw (3).

h) Place the case again, as explained in section 5.1.

i) The lamp does not require any adjustment at all. Nevertheless, it is necessary
to check the correct centering. To carry it out, use the option LAMP TEST in the
menu OTHER OPTIONS .

5.16. Change of the filters

If a filter with the wavelength different from that of the filters installed in the
instrument is to be installed, it should be inserted in one of the two free
positions of the filters wheel. The filter will come fitted in a filter holder, marked

70
with the corresponding wavelength and thus it is only necessary to manipulate
the filter holder. Proceed as follows (see figure 5.8):

a) Remove the case as indicated in section 5.1.

b) Insert the filter holder (1) in one of the free positions, by simply pressing it.
Do not touch the filter faces with the fingers.

c) Place the case again, as explained in section 5.1.

d) Now it is necessary to incorporate the new filter into the FILTERS TABLE. To
do it, switch the instrument on and select the path: PROGRAMMING/FILTERS
TABLE and add the wavelength value in the position where it has been
inserted. The filter is thus ready to be used.

If by any reason it is necessary to take the filter away from its holder, proceed
as follows (see figure 5.9):

e) Using the corresponding tool (4) from the SERVICE TOOLS KIT (code 005),
unscrew the filter subjection ring (3).

f) Take the filter (2) away from its holder taking care not to touch the faces with
the fingers.

g) Insert the new filter, taking into account the direction of the arrow (5), and fix
it to the holder by means of the screwed ring, using the tool indicated in point
e).

5.17. Change of the lenses

Lenses are mounted in holders to make it easier to manipulate them. To

change a lens holder set proceed as follows (see figure 5.2):

a) Remove the case as indicated in section 5.1.

b) Remove the cuvette holder tray as indicated in section 5.7.

c) Remove the filters wheel as indicated in section 5.8.

d) Remove the light guide (12).

e) Using the corresponding tool from the SERVICE TOOLS KIT (code 005),
unscrew the lens holder set to be removed (4 or 11).

To place it again, proceed in the opposite order.

71
72
If it is necessary to take the lens away from the inside of the filter holder set,
proceed as follows (see figure 5.10):

f) Using the corresponding tool (4) from the SERVICE TOOLS KIT (code 005),
unscrew its fixation ring (3).

g) Remove the lens (2) from its holder (1) taking care not to touch its faces with
the fingers.

h) Insert the new lens and fix it in the holder with the screwed ring using the tool
indicated in point f).

5.18. Change of the program

If a new release of the program is to be installed, it is necessary to change the

EPROM where it is installed. To carry it out, consult the scheme ME81007,
where the position of this component (4) is indicated.

ATTENTION: Depending on the updating of the program, it could be also

necessary to change the E2PROM (2). Thus the case, it would be indicated
together with the new program, as well as the corresponding instructions.

5.19. General care of the photometer

In order to get an optimal operation of this instrument, it is necessary to follow

some minimal maintenance rules.

a) Never use detergents or abrasive products for cleaning the outside of the
instrument. Use only a cloth with water and neutral soap.

b) If a reagent or any corrosive product is spilt on the apparatus, clean it

immediately with a damp cloth and water.

c) The cuvette holder tray is equipped with watertight joint in order to prevent
penetration of liquid into the inner part of the instrument. If liquid is spilt into the
tray, clean it with damp paper or cloth. A drainage hole connected to the
outside by a silicone tubing is in the front left part of the tray to facilitate
drainage of poured liquid.

d) If a cuvette breaks into the cuvette holder or for any reason liquid pours into
it, the holder has a drainage hole connected to the outside. It will, however, be
necessary to rinse and dry the inside of the cuvette holder.

e) Cover the photometer with its dust cover when not in use.

73
74
75
5.20. Cleaning of the optical components

The following indications should be taken into account for the cleaning of the
optical components:

a) Optical components to be considered: lamp, lenses, filters and photodiode.

b) Recommended material:

- Paper WYPALL LITE (56 gr/m2) SCOTT

- Alcohol + ether (50/50) solution
- Cotton ear picks
- Lens cleaner (blower type)

c) For a proper manipulation of the optical components, the following general

precautions should be taken into account:

- The area for manipulating the instrument should be clean and in order.

- As the components are fragile, they should be treated carefully; a fall could
result in breakage.

- Avoid touching the active areas with the fingers. Lenses, filters and
photodiode should be held by their sides; lamps by the connecting terminals.

- To clean the components, first take dust away using the rubber bulb; thus
scratches caused by small particles on the surface can be avoided, when
rubbing with paper.

- In the case of persistent or greasy dirt, clean with a paper soaked with the
alcohol/ether solution and then with a dry paper. Sometimes, for instance when
cleaning the filters or the photodiode window, the cotton ear picks may be
helpful together with the paper in the most delicate parts.

- After any cleaning it is convenient to repeat blowing with the rubber-bulb thus
eliminating any residual paper or cotton nap.

- When mounting or dismounting any component take into account the

corresponding tools and procedures, as they are thought to avoid manipulation
problems.

5.21. Cleaning of the filters

a) Dismount the filter holders from the wheel and take the filters away as
indicated in section 5.16.
b) Clean them as indicated in section 5.20.
c) Mount them again in their holders and the holders in the wheel as indicated
in section 5.16.

76
5.22. Cleaning of the lenses

a) Dismount the lens holder from the optical support and take the lenses away
as indicated in section 5.17.

b) Clean them as indicated in section 5.20.

c) Mount them again in their holder and the holders in the optical support, as
indicated in section 5.17.

5.23. Cleaning of the photodiode

a) Dismount the photodiode as indicated in section 5.12.

b) Clean them as indicated in section 5.20.

c) Mount the photodiode again (section 5.12.).

5.24. Cleaning of the aspiration system

(Only versions with sipper)

a) It is necessary to clean the sipping circuit properly after each series of

measurements and at the end of the day.

On finishing a series of measurements, wash the sipping circuit with abundant

distilled water.

At the end of the working day, wash thoroughly with a detergent solution such
as the one provided with the instrument. Lastly, rinse with distilled water and
empty the circuit by performing wash cycles with air.

Finally, to maximize the life of the peristaltic tubing, it is advisable to take it out
from its mounting, so that it remains loose and without tension. On starting a
new work session, re-insert it in its place.

b) If the outside end of the sip tubing has deteriorated, a few millimeters may be
cut making a perpendicular and clean cut. In this case, the POSITIONING
parameter must be re-calibrated.

c) Replace tubing by a new one in case of deterioration. Always use original

parts.

5.25. Cleaning of the flow-cuvette

77
Cleanness of both the outside and the inside of the flow-cuvette is very
important. Proceed as follows:

a) To clean the inside, proceed as described in section 5.24.

b) To clean the outside, use alcohol and then dry with a soft paper (section
5.20).

5.26. General cleaning of the instrument

It is important to avoid dust in the instrument, that could affect the optical
system. Carefully remove dust from the inside of the instrument, specially from
the fan vanes.

78
APPENDIX I. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

I.1. Optical system

- Absorbance range: -0.2 to 2.2 A

- Spectral range: 340 to 700 nm
- Filters wheel with up to 9 filters.
- Wavelenght error: ± 2 nm
- Bandwidth: 10 ± 2 nm
- Minimum signal/noise ratio: 3.8 A
- Resolution: 0.0001 A
- Stability: Variation between valour max. and min. of 20 readings at 405 nm in
1.6 minutes (interval 5 seconds) <=0.005 A (in Zero at 2.0 A)

- Repeatability: cv<= 1.2 % at 505 nm between 0.05 and 0.1 A (20 readings)
cv<= 0.1 % at 505 nm between 1.5 and 2.0 A (20 readings)

- Inaccuracy: For 340, 405 and 505 nm:

±5 % at 0.1 A
±2 % at 1.0 A
±2 % at 2.0 A

I.2. Thermostatic control

- Peltier system
- Temperature range: 23 to 40qC
- Programming steps: 1qC
- Stability: r 0.2qC

Temperature sensor

- Resolution: 10 mV/qC
- Output tension: 10 (mV) x T (qKelvin)

at 25qC ..... 2.98 V

at 37qC ..... 3.10 V

79
I.3. Printer (only in versions with printer)

- Type: thermal, bi-directional

- Characters per line: 40
- Print speed: 40 characters per second
- Paper: thermo-sensitive, 80 mm wide

I.4. Display

- Type: LCD, 4x20 characters

I.5. Electronics

- H8/510 microprocessor, (8/16) bits at 10 MHz

- EPROM memory up to 512 Kbytes
- RAM memory 32 Kbytes
- E2PROM memory 8 Kbytes

Amplifier

- Logarithmic amplifier: hybrid circuit LOG-100

- Scale factor K=1V/Abs
- Without analogic adjustments

A/D Converter

- Type: dual slope

- Resolution: 10,000 counts/Abs
- Conversion time: 150 ms at 2 Abs

Calibrations by software

I.6. Communications

- Serial connection channel, bi-directional, RS-232

- Bauds: 110, 150, 300, 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200.
- Bits: 7 or 8
- Parity: odd, even, none
- Stop bits: 1 or 2
- Handshake: XON/XOFF and ACK/NAK
- Time-out: from 0.1 to 9.9 s

80
I.7. Power supply

- Voltage selector: 115 V (tolerance from 99 to 137 V)

230 V (tolerance from 198 to 264 V)
- Frequency: 50/60 Hz
- Maximum apparent power: 130 VA

I.8. Dimensions and weight

- Height: 150 mm (5,9 in)

- Width: 387 mm (15,2 in)
- Depth: 337 mm (13,3 in)
- Weight: 9.5 Kg (21 lb)

I.9. Cuvette systems

Flow cuvette: 18 PL (versions with sipper)

Common cuvettes: macro, semi-micro and micro
Round tubes: ‡12 75 mm max. height

I.10. Flow system (versions with sipper)

Peristaltic pump

- System: tube stretching

- Peristaltic tubing: silicone, density = 60 shore
- Rotor: 4 rollers
- Motor: * Stepping
* 100 steps/turn
* Supply 1 A constant current

Volume programmable: from 100 to 4,000 PL

Flow cuvette: 18 PL
Carry-over: see table I.1.

SAMPLE CARRY-OVER
VOLUME (%)

150 PL 2.25 - 2.70

250 PL 0.75 - 1.50
400 PL 0.05 - 0.25

Table Y.1

81
82
APPENDIX II. CALIBRATION TOLERANCES TABLES

II.1. Photometric Calibration Tolerances

Filter Calibrator Relative Error Tolerance

340 1 -5.0 - +5.0 %

2 -5.0 - +5.0 %
3 -5.0 - +5.0 %
4 -5.0 - +5.0 %

405 1 -5.0 - +5.0 %

2 -5.0 - +5.0 %
3 -5.0 - +5.0 %
4 -5.0 - +5.0 %

505 1 -5.0 - +5.0 %

2 -5.0 - +5.0 %
3 -5.0 - +5.0 %
4 -5.0 - +5.0 %

II.2. Thermostat Calibration Parameters

PARAMETER MINIMUM VALUE MAXIMUM VALUE

OFFSET 873 1128

TANGENT -20.66 -18.32

II.3. Filters Wheel Adjustment

Number of steps without correction to position filter 1 = 52

Adjustment steps:

Maximum: + 10
Minimum : - 5

83
II.4. AC Voltage of the Transformer Secondaries

TENSION MINIMUM VALUE MAXIMUM VALUE

1/J7 to 2/J7 21.4 27.3

3/J7 to 4/J7 14.9 19.0
5/J7 to 6/J7 3.46 4.40
5/J7 to 7/J7 3.46 4.40
8/J7 to 9/J7 18.4 23.5
8/J7 to 10/J7 18.4 23.5
11/J7 to 12/J7 11.2 14.3

II.5. Sensitivity of the Filter Without Cuvette

FILTER (nm) MINIMUM VALUE

(nA)

340 50
405 200
420 400
450 1000
492 1500
505 1500
530 2000
546 3000
578 4000
600 5000
630 6000
670 7000

If a line appears instead of the value, it means that the sensitivity of this filter is
outside the reading range of the zero signal of the photometer (section II.9.)

II.6. Electric Noise

PARAMETER MINIMUM VALUE MAXIMUM VALUE

AVERAGE VALUE - 400 mV + 400 mV

NORMAL VALUE (BIAS) 0 mV 2 mV
MAXIMUM PEAK 0 mV 2 mV
MINIMUM PEAK - 2 mV 0 mV

84
II.7. Sensitivity of the Filters with Flow Cuvette

FILTER (nm) MINIMUM VALUE

(nA)

340 20
405 60
420 100
450 200
492 300
505 500
530 750
546 800
578 900
600 1000
630 1750
670 2000

If a line appears instead of the value, it means that the sensitivity of this filter is
outside the reading range of the zero signal of the photometer (section II.9.).

II.8. Fan Tension Control

Maximum: 24 v
Minimum: 15 v

II.9. Zero-Currents for the Sensitivity Test

Maximum: 30000 nA
Minimum : 10 nA

II.10. Thermostat Adjustment

Once thermostatization is adjusted, the temperature should have a stability of

r 0.2qC.

II.11. Peristaltic Pump Calibration

The trail of the sample that remains in the aspiration tubing before entering into
the cuvette should be between 0 and 10 mm.

If those values are not reached, follow the MANUAL procedure.

85
NOTE: All the values are statistical and can suffer variations when new
production series will be released. Thus the case, this appendix will be
updated.

86
APPENDIX III. MENUS TREES

LEVEL I LEVEL II LEVEL III LEVEL IV LEVEL V

5 OTHER OPTIONS Ÿ 1 SERVICE Ÿ 1 CALIBRATE Ÿ 1 PHOTOMETER Ÿ 1 LIST

2 CHECK
2 CHECK LAMP 2 TEST
3 OPEN/CLOSE 3 CALIBRATE

2 PELTIER Ÿ 1 LIST
2 CHECK
3 CALIBRATE

3 FILTERS WHEEL Ÿ 1 MANUAL

2 AUTOMATIC

4 TEST PROG.
Ÿ 1 CREATE NEW TEST
2 REVIEW
5 UNITS PROG.
6 LOAD MEMORY 3 DELETE
7 STORE TEST 4 COPY
5 MOVE

3 CALIBRATE PUMP
4 COMMUNICATIONS
Ÿ 1 CHECK
2 MANUAL
Ÿ 1 SAMPLE VOLUME
2 POSITIONING
3 PUMP DELAY

3 AUTOMATIC
Ÿ 1 SAMPLE VOLUME
2 POSITIONING

87
 LEVEL I LEVEL II LEVEL III LEVEL IV LEVEL V

5 OTHER OPTIONS Ÿ 1 SERVICE Ÿ 1 CALIBRATE Ÿ 1 PHOTOMETER Ÿ 1 LIST

2 CHECK
2 CHECK LAMP 2 TEST
3 COMMUNICATIONS 3 OPEN/CLOSE 3 CALIBRATE

2 PELTIER Ÿ 1 LIST
2 CHECK
3 CALIBRATE

3 FILTERS WHEEL Ÿ 1 MANUAL

2 AUTOMATIC

4 TEST PROG.
Ÿ 1 CREATE NEW TEST
2 REVIEW
5 UNITS PROG.
6 LOAD MEMORY 3 DELETE
7 STORE TEST 4 COPY
5 MOVE

88
APPENDIX IV. DEFAULT PARAMETERS

PERSONALIZATION

LABORATORY NAME . VOID

LANGUAGE................. SPANISH
PRINTER ..................... THERMAL PRINTER
PRINTER CONTRAST 7
WASH MODE .............. CONTINUOUS
LIST HEADING ............ COMPLETE

FILTERS TABLE

1................................... 340
2................................... 405
3................................... 420
4................................... 505
5................................... 546
6................................... 578
7................................... 670
8................................... ---
9................................... ---

UNITS TABLE

1................................... Pg/dL
2................................... mg/dL
3................................... g/L
4................................... U/L
5................................... Pmol/L
6................................... mmol/L
7................................... nkat/L
8................................... Pkat/L

COMMUNICATIONS

CONFIG. RS-232:

Bauds........................... 9600
Bits............................... 8
Parity ........................... None
Stop bits....................... 1

PROTOCOLS

XON-XOFF .................. NO
ACK-NAK..................... NO

89
90
APPENDIX V. MAINTENANCE PLAN

In order to maintain this photometer in proper operation conditions, it is

recommended to carry out an annual revision by the Technical Assistance
Service.

The following operations are to done, in the same order as follows:

V.1. Cleaning

- General cleaning of the inside (section 5.26.) (1)

- Filters (section 5.21.)
- Lenses (section 5.22.)
- Photodiode (section 5.23.)
- Flow cuvette (section 5.25.)

V.2. Change

- Aspiration tubing
- Peristaltic tubing
- Inner waste outlet tubing
- Outer waste outlet tubing
- Lamp (if blackened)

V.3. Review

- Keyboard (Test 100. Section 4.1.1.)

- Beeper (Test 101. Section 4.1.2.)
- Display (Test 102. Section 4.1.3.)
- Printer (Test 103. Section 4.1.4.)
- Serial Channel (Test 104. Section 4.1.5.)
- Lamp Standby (Test 200. Section 4.1.7.)
- Peristaltic Pump Motor (Test 201. Section 4.1.8.)
- Filters Wheel Motor (Test 202. Section 4.1.9.)
- Filters Sensitivity, without cuvette (Test 300. Section 4.1.11.)
- Electric Noise (Test 301. Section 4.1.12.)
- Reading Stability (Test 302. Section 4.1.13.)

V.4. Check

- Photometric Accuracy (Test 305. Section 4.1.16.)

- Calibration of the Aspiration System (Section 3.5.3.)
- Calibration of the Filters Wheel (Section 3.4.3.)
- Calibration of the Temperature (Section 3.3.4.)

(1) Remove filters, lenses and photodiode and proceed with the general
cleaning.

91
92
APPENDIX VI. SPARE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES

VI.1. Accessories

Code Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

User's Manual
AC4460 Paper Lodgment Cover
AC964 Paper Roll TB 50 KS 4AO mtp 401 ( )
AC3778 Flow Cuvette Hellma 178, 712-OS 8.5 mm (#)
AC944 Cuvette, Hellma 6030
TU2791 Teflon Tubing, Hellma 040.203 (#)
AC3594 Cuvette Outlet Connector (#)
TU1643 Cylindrical Silicone Connector (#)
AC3486 Peristaltic Tubing (#)
AC3114 Silicone Tubing 3x6 (200 cm) (#)
AC3495 Adapter for test tubes
AC3703 Waste Bottle (#)
*** Bottle 100 mL washing solution (#)
FU656 Fuse, 1 A
AC3097 Fuse, 2 A
*** Supply Cable
AC3979 Dust Cover
LA2151 Halogen Lamp, 12 v, 20 w
FI4649 Filter Set, 340 nm
FI4650 Filter Set, 405 nm
FI4651 Filter Set, 420 nm
FI4658 Filter Set, 492 nm
FI4652 Filter Set, 505 nm
FI4653 Filter Set, 546 nm
FI4654 Filter Set, 600 nm
FI4659 Filter Set, 620 nm
FI4655 Filter Set, 670 nm
FI5557 Filter Set, 578 nm

VI.2. Authorized Spare Parts

*** Cover
** P.C. Board Micro I81002
ME4430 Reading Group, complete
DI2964 Photodetector S-1336-8BQ
IN4342 Switch EATON E30M11J01
ZO648 Fuse Holder D (06.26)
VA4343 Supply Filter FD-1Z
DI844 Diode LM-335
MO3560 Approved fan
ME3215 Fan Grid

93
TR4344 Transformer E81007
IN4345 Tension Selector 18-000-0016
VA1467 Terminal MOLEX 4809
ZO476 Connector, 2.54 H 4
ZO474 Connector, 2.54 H 3
CI4533 PAL20V8, programmed (Release G81001A)
CI4534 PAL16V8, programmed (Release G81002A)
(**) EPROM 27C2001
(**) E2PROM 2864
ZO4648 Mechanized Lamp Holder
DI4438 Wheel Photodetector, mounted
PC4449 Display Circuit I81004, checked
IM3559 Printer SEIKO STP312-F256 B ( )
VA4413 Display Protector
*** Keyboard
AC4290 Calibration Box

(#) Only versions with aspiration system

( ) Only versions with printer
(**) Code according to program release (Consult the Technical Assistance
Service)
(***) Consult the Technical Assistance Service

94
APPENDIX VII. PASSWORD

The PASSWORD to access the SERVICE menu is:

251293

95
96
1 MODIFICATION

LOCALIZATION: Monocard

MODIFICATION: Change in the value of the R24 resistance.The new

value is 150 :.

REASON: Loss of steps in the peristaltic pump in some

photometers.This new value ensures a more correct
and stable reference tension of the pbl3717

IMPLEMENTATION: It is recommended to modify the boards showing the

above mentioned problem.It will be noticed that the
tension measured in the pins 11 of the plb3717 is far
below 12 V

SCHEMES INVOLVED: Monocard (2-3) E81001A

* The modification was implemented from the main board number 4088 on.

1-1
2- MODIFICATION

Modify the codes of accessory and spare parts list. And improve their
description.

LOCALIZATION: User´s Manual and Service manual

REASON: Reorganise the spare parts list to improve the replacement of

damage components. Recode the components to improve their
description.

2-1
2-2
APPENDIX VI. SPARE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES

VI.1. Accessories

Code Description
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

User's Manual
AC10450 Paper Lodgment Cover
AC10410 Paper Roll (*)
AC10451 Flow Cuvette Hellma (#)
AC10452 Macro Cuvette Hellma
TU10249 Teflon Tubing Hellma (#)
AC10411 Cuvette Outlet Connector (#)
TU10412 Cylindrical Silicone Connector (#)
AC10413 Peristaltic Tubing (#)
AC10414 Silicone Tubing 3x6 (200 cm) (#)
AC10453 Adapter for test tubes
AC10454 Waste Bottle (#)
*** Bottle 100 mL washing solution (#)
FU10416 Fuse, 1 A
FU10417 Fuse, 2 A
CA10455 European mains lead
CA10456 American mains lead
AC10457 Dust Cover
LA10418 Halogen Lamp, 12 v, 20 w
FI10458 Filter Set, 340 nm
FI10459 Filter Set, 405 nm
FI10460 Filter Set, 420 nm
FI10461 Filter Set, 492 nm
FI10462 Filter Set, 505 nm
FI10463 Filter Set, 546 nm
FI10464 Filter Set, 578 nm
FI10465 Filter Set, 600 nm
FI10430 Filter Set, 620 nm
FI10467 Filter Set, 670 nm

VI.2. Authorized Spare Parts

*** Cover
** P.C. Board Micro
ME10545 Reading Group, complete
DI10242 Photodetector
IN10488 Mains switch

2-3
 ZO10407 Fuse Holder
VA10489 Mains Filter
DI10246 Temperature sensor set
MO10408 Fan
ME10490 Fan Grid
TR10558 Transformer
IN10492 Voltage Selector
ZO10493 Lamp Holder
DI10409 Wheel Photodetector
PC10587 Display Circuit
IM10494 Printer (*)
VA10546 Display Protector
*** Keyboard
AC10495 Calibration Box

(#) Only versions with aspiration system

(*) Only versions with printer
(**) Code according to program release (Consult the Technical
Assistance Service)
(***) Consult the Technical Assistance Service

2-4
3. MODIFICATION

Change the integrated circuit (IC) LOG100 by LOG101/LOG102

LOCALIZATION: circuit monoboard

CAUSE: LOG100 is a IC obsolete. The new IC is completely compatible with

the old one. There is a circuit board to adapt the differences with the
packaging between the new and the old IC.

IMPLEMENTED: implemented from instrument number 801035579

3-1
3-2