IT PF-01

OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING

be created easily from existing objects
making object-oriented programs easy to
UNIT 1: PROCEDURAL AND OBJECT-
modify.
ORIENTED APPROACH
 On other hand there’s no simple process to
SIMILARITY add data in POP at least not without revising
the whole program.
Both Procedural Oriented Programming (POP) and
Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) are the high-
level languages in programming world and are
widely used in development of applications.
DEFINITION
Object-oriented programming – is a programming
language that uses classes and objects to create
models based on the real-world environment.
Procedural Oriented Programming - g is a
programming language that follows a stepby-step
approach to break down a task into a collection of
variables and routines (or subroutines) through a
sequence of instructions.
APPROACH
OOPs - concept of objects and classes is introduced
and hence the program is divided into small chunks
called objects which are instances of classes.
POP - the main program is divided into small parts
based on the functions and is treated as separate INTRODUCTION TO JAVA PART 2
program for individual smaller program. Essential Tools in Java Programming
ACCESS MODIFIER  Java can run on various platforms such as
 In OOPs access modifiers are introduced windows, mac or linux.
namely as Private, Public, and Protected.  There are various tools needed to write,
 On other hand no such modifiers are compile and run Java Program.
introduced in POP. Windows, Mac or Linux
SECURITY  Operating System
 Due to abstraction in OOPs data hiding is  Java Development Kit (JDK 6 or higher)
possible and hence it is more secure than  Any text editor.
POP. INSTALLING JDK
 On other hand POP is less secure as
compared to OOPs. • Download JDK over oracle.com
• Download Windows x64
MODULARITY • Install> Agree > Next > Finish
• Go to Installation Folder (Program Files>
 OOPs due to modularity in its programs is
Java Folder> bin), copy path.
less complex and hence new data objects can
IT PF-01
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
• Go to system settings> environmental HISTORICAL BACKGROUND OF JAVA
variables> system variables> path> edit> PROGRAMMING
paste path.
• On the user variable, click new> on variable - Java was first introduced by Sun
name type JAVA_HOME> paste jdk folder. Microsystems and was further acquired
by Oracle in 1995.
MOBILE COMPILERS - It’s first name was Oak.
• Android/IOD - It was immediately collaborated with
• JVdroid/JavaNIDE Netscape Navigator’s Java Virtual
Machine (JVM)
JAVA PROGRAMMING LIFE CYCLE
- Java adapted the syntax of c++
- Writing Code - It promised Write Once, Run
- Compiling Code Anywhere (WORA), providing no cost
- Executing Application run-times on popular platforms.
COMMON TERMS IN JAVA PROGRAMMING
Class - can be defined as a template/blueprint that
describes the behaviors/states that object of its type
support.
Object – represents an entity in the real world that
can be distinctly identified. Objects have states and
behaviors.
Method – basically a behavior.
Attribute – a characteristic/s that describes an
object.
Instance Variables – each object has its unique set
of instance variables.

COMMON TERMS IN JAVA PROGRAMMING

JRE – Java Runtime Environment. A virtual
machine that enables computers to run Java
programs.
JDK – Java Development Kit. A package of
software that provides an environment to run Java
applications.
IT PF-01
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
JVM – Java Virtual Machine. A software Multi-line Comments – Block comments used to
development kit used to develop Java applications. hide multiple lines or provide clues on the code.
Denoted by /* … */.
OUTPUTS OF JAVA PROGRAMMING
Console Output- text-based output.
Windowed Output- Graphical User Interface-
enabled output.

Different Print Methods in Java

• System.out.print(“”); - is used to print
literals on single line.
• System.out.println(“”); - is used to print
literals providing new lines every after
println() methods.
Escape Sequence in Java
Backslash (\) – is an escape sequence and has a
special meaning to the compiler.

UNIT 2:
JAVA PROGRAMMING BASICS
JAVA PROG. COMMENTS
Comments - can be used to explain Java code, and
to make it more readable. It can also be used to
prevent execution when testing alternative code.
TYPES OF COMMENTS NAMING CONVENTIONS
- Single Line Comments Class Names - For all class names, the first letter
- Multi-line Comments should be in Upper Case. If several words are used
Single Line Comments – One liner comments used to form a name of the class, each inner word’s first
to hide single code or provide clue on the code. letter should be in Upper Case.
Denoted by //. Example class: MyFirstJavaClass
Method Names - All method names should start
with a Lower-Case letter. If several words are used
to form the name of the method, then each inner
word's first letter should be in Upper Case.
Example: myMethodName()
IT PF-01
OBJECT ORIENTED PROGRAMMING
Constant Names – All constant names should be in
written in Upper Case. If several words are used to
form the name of the constant, then put underscore
between words.
Example: TAX_RATE

Java Main Method

public static void main(String args[])
Java program processing starts from the main()
method, which is a mandatory part of every Java
application.
JAVA IDENTIFIERS
1. All identifiers should begin with a letter (A to
Z or a to z), currency character ($) or an
underscore (_).
2.After the first character, identifiers can have
any combination of characters.
3.A keyword cannot be used as an identifier.
4.Most importantly identifiers are case sensitive.