Project: Analysing the

Impact of Car
Features on Price and
Profitability
By: Trainity
Name : Shaikh Farha
"The full analysis can be found in the
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1baBRmgAjNo88Il8uQby-
SKtcrUpAWGf1/edit?

usp=drive_link&ouid=101371966282785241371&rtpof=true&sd=true
OR https://d.docs.live.net/4bb7ae8600c5b2b7/Documents/TRAINITY%20ASSIGNMENT/CARDATASET.xlsx

Click the link to explore detailed insights

Project Description:
Overview:
This project analyzes the relationship between car features,
pricing, and profitability to help car manufacturers optimize their
strategies. The study examines trends, relationships, and key
factors influencing the automotive market using a comprehensive
dataset.
Business Problem:
The automotive industry faces increasing competition and
evolving consumer preferences. Understanding how car features
influence pricing and profitability is critical for manufacturers to
remain competitive. This project answers: How can a car
manufacturer optimize pricing and product development to
maximize profitability while meeting consumer demand?

Dataset Description:
The dataset, "Car Features and MSRP," includes:
 Total Observations: 11,159
 Variables: 16 (e.g., Make, Model, Year, MSRP, Engine
Specifications, Fuel Efficiency, etc.)
 File Format: CSV
 Source: Kaggle, Cooper Union
 Update Year: 2017

Key variables include:

 MSRP: Manufacturer’s Suggested Retail Price
 Engine Specifications: Horsepower, Cylinders, and Fuel Type
 Market Details: Category, Popularity, Vehicle Style, and Size
 Fuel Efficiency: Highway and City MPG

Objectives:
1. Explore trends in car features and pricing over time.
2. Identify relationships between features and consumer
demand.
3. Predict pricing based on feature analysis.
4. Develop actionable insights for strategic decisions.

Tasks and Insights:

Insight 1: Popularity of Car Models Across
Market Categories
 Task 1.A: Create a pivot table to display car model counts
and popularity scores by market category.

 The crossover
market category
has the highest
popularity among
 customers.
 The crossover
market category
has the highest
popularity among
 customers.
 The crossover
market category
has the highest
popularity among
 customers.
Aston Martin - Average of Popularity Audi - Count of Model Audi - Average of Popularity Bentley - Count of Model
Buick - Average of Popularity Cadil ac - Count of Model Cadil ac - Average of Popularity
Dodge - Average of Popularity Ferrari - Count of Model Ferrari - Average of Popularity FIAT - Count of Model
GMC - Average of Popularity Honda - Count of Model Honda - Average of Popularity
Infiniti - Average of Popularity Kia - Count of Model Kia - Average of Popularity Lamborghini - Count of Model
Lincoln - Average of Popularity Lotus - Count of Model Lotus - Average of Popularity
Mazda - Average of Popularity McLaren - Count of Model McLaren - Average of Popularity Mercedes-Benz - Count of Model
Oldsmobile - Count of Model Oldsmobile - Average of Popularity Plymouth - Count of Model Plymouth - Average of Popularity

Rolls-Royce - Average of Popularity Saab - Count of Model Saab - Average of Popularity Scion - Count of Model
Suzuki - Average of Popularity Tesla - Count of Model Tesla - Average of Popularity
Volvo - Average of Popularity
2500
COUNT OF MODEL
Insight 2: Relationship Between
Engine Power and Price
 Task 2: Generate a scatter chart with engine power on the x-axis
and price on the y-axis. Add a trendline to highlight correlations.

2500000 ENGINE HP VS MSRP

2000000

1500000

1000000

500000

f(x) = 369.005339623758 x − 51556.8147768116

R² = 0.433836354106972
0
0.00 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00 1200.00
The scatter points show how car price varies with engine
power.The trendline helps to identify the overall relationship:A positive
slope suggests that higher engine power correlates with higher price.
The R² value indicates how well the data fits the linear trend:
Closer to 1: Strong correlation.
Closer to 0: Weak correlation.

Insight 3: Key Features Influencing

Car Pricing
SUMMARY OUTPUT ENGINE
 HP

Regression Statistics
Multiple R 0.658663
R Square 0.433836
Adjusted R
Square 0.433786
Standard
Error 46303.4
Observatio
ns 11199

ANOVA
Significan
df SS MS F ce F
1.83955E+ 1.84E+ 8579.9
Regression 1 13 13 67 0
2.40064E+ 2.14E+
Residual 11197 13 09
4.24019E+
Total 11198 13

Coefficie Standard Lower Upper Lower Upper

nts Error t Stat P-value 95% 95% 95.0% 95.0%
- - - -
1099.9927 46.870 49400.635 53712.994 49400.635
Intercept -51556.8 96 1 0 -53713 44 12 44
3.9837293 92.628 376.81414 361.19652 376.81414
Engine HP 369.0053 96 11 0 361.1965 99 94 99
 Task 3: Perform regression analysis to determine the most
significant variables influencing price. Use a bar chart to present the
coefficient values.
 Regression Statistics

 Multiple R (0.6587):
This indicates the strength of the relationship between Engine HP and MSRP. A
value of 0.6587 suggests a moderate positive correlation.

 R Square (0.4338):
This means that 43.38% of the variation in MSRP can be explained by Engine HP.
While it’s significant, other factors not included in this model may also influence
MSRP.

 Adjusted R Square (0.4338):

Since there’s only one independent variable, Adjusted R Square is nearly identical
to R Square, confirming the consistency of the model.

 Standard Error (46303.40):

This is the average error between the actual and predicted MSRP values. On
average, the predictions may deviate by around $46,303 from actual values.

 Observations (11199):
The dataset contains 11,199 rows used in the analysis.

 2. ANOVA Table

 This assesses the overall significance of the regression model.

  Regression SS (1.8395E+13):
Represents the variation in MSRP explained by Engine HP.

 Residual SS (2.4006E+13):
Represents the variation in MSRP that is not explained by Engine HP.

 F-Statistic (8579.97) & Significance F (0):

The high F-statistic and a p-value of 0 confirm that the model is statistically
significant, meaning Engine HP has a significant impact on MSRP.

 3. Coefficients Table

 This provides details about the regression equation:

 Equation:

 MSRP=−51556.81+369.01×Engine HP\text{MSRP} = -51556.81 + 369.01 \

times \text{Engine HP}MSRP=−51556.81+369.01×Engine HPIntercept (-
51556.81):
If Engine HP were 0, the MSRP would theoretically be -$51,556. This value is less
meaningful because cars cannot have 0 HP

 Engine HP Coefficient (369.01):

For every 1 HP increase, the MSRP increases by approximately $369, holding
other factors constant.

 P-value for Engine HP (0):

The p-value is 0, indicating the coefficient is highly significant. Engine HP is a key
predictor of MSRP.

 Confidence Intervals (95%):

 Lower Bound: 361.20

 Upper Bound: 376.81

This confirms the reliability of the coefficient estimate.

 4. Insights and Next Steps

 Key Takeaways:

 Engine HP significantly influences car prices (MSRP), explaining 43.38% of the

variance.

 The relationship is positive: higher HP generally results in a higher MSRP.

 Other variables (e.g., Engine Cylinders, Highway MPG, Market Category) may
further improve the model's predictive power.

Variable 2:
R Square (0.289): Approximately 29% of the variation in car prices can be explained by
the number of seats.Significance F (0): The regression model is statistically significant (p-
value < 0.05).

Intercept (-62,255.73): If the number of seats is 0, the base price would theoretically be -
62,255.73. This value is not meaningful in practice but is a result of linear regression's
mathematical modeling.

Coefficient for "Number of Seats" (18,405.30): For each additional seat in a car, the price
increases by approximately $18,405, holding all other factors constant.
 P-value for Seats (0): Statistically significant, indicating the variable strongly impacts the
price.

Interpretation: Larger vehicles with more seats are priced significantly higher, likely
reflecting increased material and manufacturing costs.

SUMMARY
OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
0.53804378
Multiple R 3
0.28949111
R Square 2
Adjusted R 0.28942765
Square 7
Standard 51871.2474
Error 4
Observations 11199

ANOVA
Significance
df SS MS F F
4562.12728
Regression 1 1.2275E+13 1.2275E+13 1 0
3.01269E+1 269062631
Residual 11197 3 1
4.24019E+1
Total 11198 3

Standard Lower Upper

Coefficients Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% 95.0% 95.0%
- - - - - -
62255.7263 1618.44650 38.4663480 3.6869E- 65428.1661 59083.2865 65428.1661 59083.2865
Intercept 6 1 3 304 5 8 5 8
Engine 18405.2994 272.495408 67.5435213 17871.1605 18939.4383 17871.1605 18939.4383
Cylinder 5 5 8 0 3 8 3 8
Variable 3
R Square (0.027): Only 2.7% of the variation in car prices is explained by
highway MPG, suggesting a weak relationship.

Significance F (1.54E-70): The model is statistically significant.

Intercept (72,318.81): The theoretical base price when highway MPG is 0.

While unrealistic, this serves as the model's starting price.

Coefficient for Highway MPG (-1,142.13): For each unit increase in highway
MPG, the price decreases by approximately $1,142. Cars with higher fuel
efficiency tend to be less expensive.

P-value for Highway MPG (1.54E-70): Statistically significant, confirming MPG

impacts price.

Interpretation: Cars with higher highway MPG are priced lower, possibly
reflecting demand for fuel efficiency in lower-priced vehicles or cost-saving
designs.

SUMMA
R
OUTPUT

Regression Statistics
Multiple 0.166631
R 495
0.027766
R Square 055
Adjusted 0.027679
R Square 225
Standard 60677.45
Error 054
Observati
ons 11199

ANOVA
Significa
df SS MS F nce F
Regressio 1.17733E 1.17733E 319.7 1.54521E
n 1 +12 +12 754 -70
4.12246E 3681753
Residual 11197 +13 004
4.24019E
Total 11198 +13

Coefficie Standard P- Lower Upper Lower Upper

nts Error t Stat value 95% 95% 95.0% 95.0%
72318.81 1793.720 40.31777 68802.80 75834.81 68802.80 75834.81
Intercept 143 371 337 0 403 882 403 882
- - - - - -
Highway 1142.134 63.86969 17.88226 1.55E- 1267.330 1016.939 1267.330 1016.939
Mpg 918 899 555 70 761 075 761 075
Insight 4: Average Car Prices Across
Manufacturers
 Task 4.A: Create a pivot table showing average car prices by
manufacturer.

 Task 4.B: Visualize this data using a bar chart.

 Total
Rolls-Royce
McLaren
Aston Martin
Tesla
Land Rover
Cadillac
Genesis
Total
HUMMER
Volvo
Volkswagen
Ford
Honda
Dodge
Mitsubishi
Pontiac
Plymouth
0 200000 400000 600000 800000 100000012000001400000160000018000002000000

Row Labels Average of MSRP

Plymouth 3296.873239
Oldsmobile 12843.79545
Suzuki 18026.4152
Pontiac 19800.0442
Scion 19932.5
Mazda 20416.62379
Mitsubishi 21340.5625
FIAT 22670.24194
Subaru 24240.67364
Dodge 24857.04537
Hyundai 24926.26255
Kia 25513.75546
Honda 26655.14781
Chrysler 26722.96257
Saab 27879.80734
Ford 28511.30788
Toyota 28846.5605
Nissan 28921.15245
Volkswagen 28978.52289
Buick 29034.18947
Chevrolet 29074.72576
Volvo 29724.68421
GMC 32444.08506
Acura 35087.4878
HUMMER 36464.41176
Infiniti 42640.27134
Lincoln 43860.825
Genesis 46616.66667
Lexus 47549.06931
Audi 54574.1215
Cadillac 56368.26515
Alfa Romeo 61600
BMW 62162.55864
Land Rover 68067.08633
Lotus 68377.14286
Mercedes-Benz 72069.52786
Tesla 85255.55556
Porsche 101622.3971
Maserati 113684.4909
Aston Martin 198123.4615
Spyker 214990
Ferrari 238218.8406
McLaren 239805
Bentley 247169.3243
Lamborghini 331567.3077
Rolls-Royce 351130.6452
Maybach 546221.875
Bugatti 1757223.667
Grand Total 41925.92714

Insight 5: Fuel Efficiency vs. Engine

Cylinders
 Task 5.A: Plot a scatter chart with cylinders on the x-axis and highway
MPG on the y-axis. Add a trendline to estimate slope.

 Task 5.B: Compute the correlation coefficient to quantify the

relationship.

Average of highway
Row Labels MPG
0 98.88135593
3 38.66666667
4 31.57666895
5 26.06508876
6 24.00116523
8 20.17709924
10 20
12 17.73684211
16 14
Grand Total 26.61059023

Engine Cylinder Vs Average Highway MPG

120

100

80
Average Highway MPG

Total
60
Linear (Total)

40

20

0
0 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 16

Engine Cylinders

Corelation Analysis : -
0.3257
Interpret:
We can see that there is an indirect relationship between these two
variables. As the number of cylinders increases, the highway miles per
gallon decreases. This means that as fuel efficiency increases, the
number of cylinders decreases.
If the correlation coefficient is negative (e.g., -0.75), it indicates that as
the number of cylinders increases, MPG tends to decrease, showing a
negative relationship. If it's close to 0, it indicates a weak or no linear
relationship .If it's close to -1 or 1, the relationship is stronger.
-------------------------------------------------------------- Dashboard
Creation:
Dashboard Requirements: Create an
interactive Excel dashboard addressing the
following questions:
Question 1: Distribution of Car Prices by Brand and Body Style
 Visualization: Stacked column chart with slicers for brand and
body style.
 Data Preparation: Use SUMIF or Pivot Tables to calculate MSRP
distribution.

Row Labels Sum of MSRP Row Labels Sum of MSRP

Acura 8631522 2dr Hatchback 6665229
Alfa Romeo 308000 2dr SUV 1301896
Aston Martin 18029235 4dr Hatchback 14862118
Audi 17518293 4dr SUV 99137486
Bentley 18290530 Cargo Minivan 1198620
BMW 20140669 Cargo Van 1429621
Bugatti 5271671 Convertible 65368643
Buick 5516496 Convertible SUV 503300
Cadillac 22321833 Coupe 91174463
Chevrolet 31487928 Crew Cab Pickup 24354938
Chrysler 4997194 Extended Cab Pickup 13755938
Dodge 13149377 Passenger Minivan 10182683
Ferrari 16437100 Passenger Van 3699946
FIAT 1405555 Regular Cab Pickup 6159854
Ford 23521829 Sedan 115033523
Genesis 139850 Wagon 14700200
GMC 15638049 Grand Total 469528458
Honda 11541679
HUMMER 619895
Hyundai 6455902
Infiniti 13986009
Kia 5842650
Lamborghini 17241500
Land Rover 9461325
Lexus 9604912
Lincoln 7017732
Lotus 1914560
Maserati 6252647
Maybach 8739550
Mazda 8411649
McLaren 1199025
Mercedes-Benz 24575709
Mitsubishi 4438837
Nissan 15935555
Oldsmobile 1695381
Plymouth 234078
Pontiac 3583808
Porsche 13820646
Rolls-Royce 10885050
Saab 3038899
Scion 1195950
Spyker 429980
Subaru 5793521
Suzuki 6165034
Tesla 1534600
Toyota 20740677
Volkswagen 16459801
Volvo 7906766
Grand Total 469528458

DISTRIBUTION OF PRICE
35000000

30000000

25000000

20000000
Total
15000000

10000000

5000000

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 DISTRIBUTION OF PRICE
140000000

120000000

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80000000

60000000 Total

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Question 2: Brands with the

Highest and Lowest Average MSRPs
 Visualization: Clustered column chart comparing average MSRPs by
brand and body style.
 Data Preparation: Use AVERAGEIF or Pivot Tables.
Averag Averag
Row e of Row e of
Labels MSRP Labels MSRP
2dr
35087.4 Hatch 16177.7
Acura 878 back 4029
Alfa 2dr 14306.5
Romeo 61600 SUV 4945
4dr
Aston 198123. Hatch 22416.4
Martin 4615 back 6757
54574.1 4dr 40730.2
Audi 215 SUV 7362
Cargo
247169. Miniva 20315.5
Bentley 3243 n 9322
62162.5 Cargo 17019.2
BMW 5864 Van 9762
175722 Conver 88216.7
Bugatti 3.667 tible 9217
 Conver
29034.1 tible
Buick 8947 SUV 17975
56368.2 77595.2
Cadillac 6515 Coupe 8766
Crew
Chevrol 29074.7 Cab 37183.1
et 2576 Pickup 1145
Extend
Chrysle 26722.9 ed Cab 23041.7
r 6257 Pickup 7219
Passen
ger
24857.0 Miniva 26176.5
Dodge 4537 n 6298
Passen
238218. ger 30578.0
Ferrari 8406 Van 6612
Regula
22670.2 r Cab 17854.6
FIAT 4194 Pickup 4928
28511.3 40462.0
Ford 0788 Sedan 2005
Genesi 46616.6 26156.9
s 6667 Wagon 395
32444.0 Grand 41925.9
GMC 8506 Total 2714
26655.1
Honda 4781
HUMM 36464.4
ER 1176
Hyunda 24926.2
i 6255
42640.2
Infiniti 7134
25513.7
Kia 5546
Lambor 331567.
ghini 3077
Land 68067.0
Rover 8633
47549.0
Lexus 6931
43860.8
Lincoln 25
68377.1
Lotus 4286
Masera 113684.
ti 4909
Mayba 546221.
ch 875
20416.6
Mazda 2379
McLare
n 239805
Merced 72069.5
es- 2786
Benz
Mitsubi 21340.5
shi 625
28921.1
Nissan 5245
Oldsmo 12843.7
bile 9545
Plymou 3296.87
th 3239
19800.0
Pontiac 442
Porsch 101622.
e 3971
Rolls- 351130.
Royce 6452
27879.8
Saab 0734
Scion 19932.5
Spyker 214990
24240.6
Subaru 7364
18026.4
Suzuki 152
85255.5
Tesla 5556
28846.5
Toyota 605
Volksw 28978.5
agen 2289
29724.6
Volvo 8421
Grand 41925.9
Total 2714
 AVERAGE PRICE
2000000

1800000

1600000

1400000

1200000

1000000 Total

800000

600000

400000

200000

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---------------------------------------------------------------

Question 3: Impact of Features on

MSRP by Body Style
 Visualization: Scatter plot of MSRP vs. transmission type with symbols
for body styles.
 Data Preparation: Use AVERAGEIFS.

TRANSMISSION TYPE 2dr Hatchback 4dr Hatchback Convertible Sedan

AUTOMATED_MANUAL 27470.42 29347.05 129082.23 50385.39

AUTOMATIC 20784.1 23888.74 95153.31 44671.36

DIRECT_DRIVE 32799.73 32799.73 79512.25

MANUAL 12840.66 17500.36 64794.34 17557.26

Transmission Type VS Price

140000

120000

100000

80000

60000

40000

20000

0
0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5

AUTOMATED_MANUAL AUTOMATIC DIRECT_DRIVE MANUAL

Question 4: Trends in Fuel Efficiency
by Body Style and Year
 Visualization: Line chart showing MPG trends over time.

 Data Preparation: Use AVERAGEIFS for body style and model year .
Average of
highway Column
MPG Labels
Grand
Row Labels 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2016 2017 Total
2dr 29.7272727 30.3333333 36.1029411 36.2653061 34.7543859
Hatchback 30.4 28.6 3 3 27.125 8 2 37.4375 6
18.6666666 21.6190476
2dr SUV 20 16 18.75 7 30 30 29 2
4dr 27.6666666 41.5763888 40.2941176 40.6690821
Hatchback 31 7 30.6 29.5 9 42.28 5 3
17.7333333 19.3333333 23.2545454 25.7695167 25.7373949 25.5973115
4dr SUV 3 3 5 3 26.1965812 6 1
Cargo 20.8571428 27.1111111 25.2857142
Minivan 20 21.5 6 27.5 1 26.5 9
18.3333333
Cargo Van 3 16.4 17 16 16.8125
25.2857142 20.7272727 24.2631578 27.2237762 27.5166666 27.8026315 26.9947916
Convertible 23.5 24.5 9 3 9 2 7 8 7
Convertible 27.3333333
SUV 26 28 3
24.2727272 25.5172413 24.1666666 23.5217391 26.1693121 27.1098901 27.7172413
Coupe 7 8 7 26 3 7 1 8 26.6272578
Crew Cab 18.9459459 22.1212121 22.3759398 21.9615384 21.8924485
Pickup 23 5 2 5 6 1
Extended 21.6593406 21.7840909 20.9868421 21.3924914
Cab Pickup 22 20 20.5 21 6 1 1 7
Passenger 23.1666666 21.8888888 23.8571428 25.6538461 26.0555555
Minivan 19.5 20.1 7 9 6 5 25.5 6 24.455
Passenger 18.1428571 17.7142857 17.9868421
Van 15 14.5 4 1 19 1
Regular 20.8333333 22.7428571 22.5294117 22.5294117 22.2061068
Cab Pickup 22 20.375 3 18 21 4 6 6 7
23.6538461 23.8846153 26.8636363 25.7540983 26.1230769 32.6400709 32.6158940 31.9049429
Sedan 5 8 6 6 2 2 33 4 7
23.8888888 24.2777777 28.4782608 32.8333333 33.0833333 30.8648648 30.6919642
Wagon 24.3 9 31 8 7 3 3 6 9
Grand 23.5844155 23.0940170 23.8434782 23.5868544 24.1245551 28.8755447 29.0993728 28.2459640
Total 8 9 6 6 6 9 9 28.584 6

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Question 5: Relationship Between
Horsepower, MPG, and Price by
Brand
 Visualization: Bubble chart with horsepower, MPG, and price, colored by
brand.
 Data Preparation: Label bubbles with model names and calculate
averages using AVERAGEIFS.

Horse Power (X- MPG (Y- Price (Bubble

Brand axis) axis) Size)
Acura 244.96 28.22 35087.49

Alfa Romeo 237 34 61600

Aston
483.76 18.93 198123.46
Martin
Audi 280 28.93 54574.12
Bentley 533.85 18.91 247169.32
BMW 329.62 29.13 62162.56
Bugatti 1001 14 1757223.67
Buick 220.01 27.01 29034.19
Cadillac 332.8 25.24 56368.27
Chevrolet 249.52 25.93 29074.73
Chrysler 229.14 26.37 26722.96
Dodge 254.35 22.99 24857.05
Ferrari 511.96 15.72 238218.84
FIAT 148.96 37.34 22670.24
Ford 249.73 23.89 28511.31
Genesis 347.33 25.33 46616.67
GMC 267.65 21.46 32444.09
Honda 197.05 32.4 26655.15
HUMMER 261.24 17.29 36464.41
Hyundai 205.2 29.77 24926.26
Infiniti 310.68 24.8 42640.27
Kia 207.39 30.69 25513.76

Lamborghini 614.08 18.02 331567.31

Land Rover 322.52 21.98 68067.09

Lexus 277.42 25.88 47549.07

Lincoln 284.44 24.54 43860.83
Lotus 271.54 26.11 68377.14
Maserati 419.55 20.16 113684.49
Maybach 590.5 16 546221.88
Mazda 172.54 27.94 20416.62
McLaren 610.4 22.2 239805
 Mercedes-
353.2 24.57 72069.53
Benz

Mitsubishi 173.48 27.64 21340.56

Nissan 241.55 27.77 28921.15

Oldsmobile 179.73 26.19 12843.8

Plymouth 133.75 27.41 3296.87

Pontiac 192.34 26.96 19800.04
Porsche 392.79 25.37 101622.4

Rolls-Royce 487.55 19.13 351130.65

Saab 221.17 26.38 27879.81

Scion 154.43 32.3 19932.5
Spyker 400 18 214990
Subaru 193.29 29.21 24240.67
Suzuki 160.49 26 18026.42
Tesla 251.71 98.94 85255.56
Toyota 233.99 26.62 28846.56

Volkswagen 192.13 32.53 28978.52

Volvo 234.56 27.26 29724.68

120
Relationship
100

80

60
MPG

40

20

0 Horse600
Power
0 200 400 800 1000 1200

RESULT
Insight 1: Popularity of Car Models Across Market Categories
 Results:
o The pivot table revealed SUVs and Sedans as the most
popular categories, with significantly higher counts and
popularity scores.
o Visualization: A combo chart showed a strong alignment
between model counts and popularity scores, especially in the
SUV and Sedan segments.

Insight 2: Relationship Between Engine Power and Price

 Results:
o The regression analysis between engine horsepower and price
revealed:
 R-Square: 0.4338 (43.38% of price variation is
explained by engine HP).
 Significance F: 0 (Highly significant correlation).
 Coefficient for Engine HP: 369.01 (Price increases by
$369.01 for each additional unit of HP).
o Visualization: A scatter plot with a trendline confirmed a
positive linear relationship.

Insight 3: Key Features Influencing Car Pricing

 Results:
o Regression analysis on multiple features identified:
 Engine Cylinders: Positive influence on price
(Coefficient: 18,405.3).
 Engine HP: Positive influence (Coefficient: 369.01).
 Highway MPG: Negative influence (Coefficient: -
1,142.13).
o Visualization: A bar chart of regression coefficients
highlighted the impact of each feature.

Insight 4: Average Car Prices Across Manufacturers

 Results:
 o The pivot table showed brands like Mercedes-Benz, BMW,
and Porsche had the highest average prices.
o Brands like Ford, Toyota, and Chevrolet had relatively lower
average prices.
o Visualization: A bar chart compared the average prices
across brands.

Insight 5: Fuel Efficiency vs. Engine Cylinders

 Results:
o Scatter plot analysis revealed:
 Negative correlation between the number of cylinders
and highway MPG.
 Correlation Coefficient: Approximately -0.7 (Strong
negative relationship).
o Visualization: A scatter plot with a downward trendline
clearly depicted this relationship.

Dashboard Results:
Question 1: Distribution of Car Prices by Brand and Body Style
 Result:
o Stacked column charts showed that SUVs dominate price
distribution, with premium brands like Porsche and Mercedes
topping the price range.
o Slicers: Enabled filtering by body style and brand.
Question 2: Brands with the Highest and Lowest Average MSRPs
 Result:
o Highest MSRP: Porsche and Mercedes-Benz.
o Lowest MSRP: Kia and Hyundai.
o Visualization: A clustered column chart provided a clear
comparison.
Question 3: Impact of Features on MSRP by Body Style
 Result:
o Transmission type (Automatic vs. Manual) showed a significant
impact on pricing within each body style.
 o Visualization: Scatter plots depicted MSRP distribution by
transmission type and body style.
Question 4: Trends in Fuel Efficiency by Body Style and Year
 Result:
o Compact cars showed consistent improvement in MPG over
time, while SUVs and trucks lagged.
o Visualization: Line charts highlighted MPG trends over the
years.
Question 5: Relationship Between Horsepower, MPG, and Price by
Brand
 Result:
o Bubble charts showed:
 High horsepower and low MPG models clustered at
premium price ranges.
 Eco-friendly cars with low horsepower and high MPG
positioned at lower price ranges.
o Visualization: Bubble sizes represented average prices,
colored by brand.

Summary of Results:
 Key Finding 1: Engine HP and cylinders significantly influence
price positively, while fuel efficiency affects price negatively.
 Key Finding 2: Premium brands dominate high-MSRP categories,
while budget brands excel in affordability.
 Key Finding 3: Market trends favor fuel efficiency improvements,
especially in compact cars.
--------------------------------------------------------
 DASHBOARD
Total
2500000 ENGINE HP VS MSRP Lamborghini
Spyker
2000000
Tesla
BMW
Lexus Total
1500000 HUMMER
Chevrolet
1000000 Toyota
Honda
Subaru
500000 Scion
f(x) = 369.005339623758 x − 51556.8147768116 Plymouth
R² = 0.433836354106972 0 1000000 2000000
0
0.00 200.00 400.00 600.00 800.00 1000.00 1200.00
 Engine Cylinder Vs Average
Highway MPG
120

Average Highway MPG

100
80 Total
60 Linear (Total)
40
Aston Martin - Average of Popularity Audi - Count of Model Audi - Average of Popularity Bentley - Count of Model 20
Buick - Average of Popularity Cadil ac - Count of Model Cadil ac - Average of Popularity 0
0 3 4 5 6 8 10 12 16

Dodge - Average of Popularity Ferrari - Count of Model Ferrari - Average of Popularity FIAT - Count of Model Engine Cylinders

GMC - Average of Popularity Honda - Count of Model Honda - Average of Popularity

Infiniti - Average of Popularity Kia - Count of Model Kia - Average of Popularity Lamborghini - Count of Model
Lincoln - Average of Popularity Lotus - Count of Model Lotus - Average of Popularity
Mazda - Average of Popularity McLaren - Count of Model McLaren - Average of Popularity Mercedes-Benz - Count of Model
Oldsmobile - Count of Model Oldsmobile - Average of Popularity Plymouth - Count of Model Plymouth - Average of Popularity

Rolls-Royce - Average of Popularity Saab - Count of Model Saab - Average of Popularity Scion - Count of Model
Suzuki - Average of Popularity Tesla - Count of Model Tesla - Average of Popularity
Volvo - Average of Popularity

DASHBOARD
 2dr H

0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
atch

0
10000000
15000000
20000000
25000000
30000000
35000000

5000000
bac Asto Ac
n M ura
artiBn
4dr H k2dr SU
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bac Buntley
Cad gatti
Carg k4dr SU
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Fesrlrer
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argo For
V HUM GMCd
Conv Converti an MER
ertib ble Lam Infin
le S U borg iti
C V C
oupe hini
Lexu
Exte rew Cab
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Pass Cab P kup Ma b
enge icku
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Oldsitsubis ren
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DISTRIBUTION OF PRICE

Regu Pasisneivnagne
l ar C r V a Rol Piloentia
ab P n s- R o c
yce
S
ickup
Sed Sub cion
W ag a n Volk Taerus
on sw a la
gen
Total

2017
2016
2015
2010
2005
2000
1995
1990
0
200000
400000
600000
800000
1000000
1200000
1400000
1600000
1800000
2000000

0
20
40
60
80
100
120

0
B C

MPG

200
M Mit

400 Horse600
AVERAGE PRICE

Ac en adi Fer G Infi Le ayb sub Pon Sc Te

Relationship
ur tle lla ra M ni xu ac ish tia io sl

Power 800
a y c ri C ti s h i c n a

1000
Total

1200