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Course Name: Uni-elective I (CAD)

Credit hours: 3

Instructor: Engr. Muhammad Arsalan Khan

Office: Fluid Mechanics Lab, Mechanical Dpt. Main Campus.

MED, UET Peshawar

Email: [email protected]
3/24/2020
 AutoCAD Commands
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• Nearly every action you perform in AutoCAD is based on a

command.
• You use commands to tell AutoCAD the actions you want it to
perform, and AutoCAD responds with command prompts.
• Command prompts tell you the status of an action, or they
give you options from which you must choose to complete a
command.
• You can use any of the following to start commands:
 AutoCAD menus Toolbars
 Shortcut menus Command line
 Accelerator keys
 Useful Keyboard Keys
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• F1 key, context-sensitive help

• F2 key, toggling the graphics windows and the text windows
• F3 key, turning running object snaps on/off
• F5 key, cycling through isometric planes
• F6 key, cycling through coordinate display types
• F7 key, toggling Grid mode
• F8 key, toggling Ortho mode
• F9 key, toggling Snap mode
• F10 key, toggling polar mode
• Esc key, exit any command
• Enter key, invoke the last-used command
 Command Prompt
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 Regardless of how you start a command, the command prompts flow in the
same way. AutoCAD either displays prompts on the command line or
displays a dialog box. The prompt format is

 current instruction or [options] <current value>:

 The current instruction begins with one of four verbs. The verb
communicates the action you can perform, as shown below:
 Select Use the pointing device to select objects.
 Enter Enter a value on the command line.
 Specify Select a point on the screen or enter a coordinate.
 Digitize Select a point on a digitizing tablet (TABLET command only).
Commands often have options, which are displayed within brackets.
 AutoCAD Drawing Commands
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Point Basic Geometry symbols Text

Line Text Commands Mtext
Ray
Xline Spell
Mline
Dim
Arc Dimension Commands
Circle Dim1
Rectangle
Ellipse Hatch
Polygon
Hatch Commands
Bhatch
Spline
Region
Pline
 Commands
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 Command Point
 Keystroke: POINT / PO
 Icon
 Menu: Draw > Point >Single Point
 Result: Draw a single point
 System Variables
 PDMODE specifies how point objects are displayed.
 PDSIZE specifies the size of point objects.
 Point Style dialog box
 Command: DDPTYPE
 Menu: Format > Point Style
 Commands
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 Command Line
 Keystroke: Line / L
 Icon
 Menu: Draw > Line
 Result: Draw a straight line segment from one point to the next
 For example, the command sequence is
 Command: line
 Specify first point:
 Specify next point or [Undo]:
 Specify next point or [Undo]:
 Specify next point or [Close or Undo]:
 Commands
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 Ray
 Creates a semi-infinite line commonly used as construction line. A ray has a
finite starting point and extends to infinity.
 Command: RAY Draw menu: Ray

 Construction Line
 Creates an infinite lines, which are commonly used as construction lines.
 Command: XLINE Draw menu: Construction Line

 Multiline Creates multiple parallel lines:

 Command: MLINE
 Draw menu: Multiline
 Commands
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 Command Arc
 Keystroke: Arc / a
 Icon
 Menu: Draw > Arc
 Result: Draws an arc based on three points
 Notes
• You can create arcs in many ways.
• The default method is to specify three points—a start point, a
second point on the arc, and an endpoint.
• By default, AutoCAD draws arcs counterclockwise.
 Commands
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 Command Circle
 Keystroke: Circle / C
 Icon
 Menu: Draw > Circle
 Result: Draws a circle based on a center point and radius
 Notes
• You can create circles in several ways.
• The default method is to specify the center and radius.
 Commands
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 Command Rectangle
 Keystroke: RECTANGLE /RECTANG/ REC
 Icon
 Menu: Draw > Rectangle
 Result: Draws a rectangle after you enter one corner
and then the second
 Options:
 Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width
 Commands
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 Command Polygon
 Keystroke: POLYGON / POL
 Icon
 Menu: Draw > Polygon
 Result: Creates an equilateral closed polyline
 System Variables
 POLYSIDES
 It stores the current number of polygon sides.
 The range is 3 to 1024.
 Commands
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 Command SKETCH
 Command line: sketch
 Result Creates a series of freehand line segments
 Notes
• Drawing with the SKETCH command controls a screen-based
pen with a pointing device.
• SKETCH is useful for entering map outlines, signatures, or other
freehand drawings.
• Sketched lines are not added to the drawing until they are
recorded.
 Commands
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 Command Spline
 Keystroke: Spline / spl
 Icon
 Menu: Draw > Spline
 Result: Creates a quadratic or cubic spline curve
 Notes:
• SPLINE fits a smooth curve to a sequence of points within a
specified tolerance.
• AutoCAD uses NURBS (nonuniform rational B-splines) mathematics,
which stores and defines a class of curve and surface data.
 Commands
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 Command Polyline
 Keystroke: PLINE / PL
 Icon
 Menu: Draw > Polyline
 Result: Creates two-dimensional polylines.
 A polyline is a connected sequence of line or arc segments created as a single
object. A rectangle is an example of a polyline.
 Polylines have some unique qualities that make them very useful:
 They can have width (constant or varying)
 They can consist of arcs and lines.
 They can be edited
 They can be joined together.
 They can be exploded into individual segments
 Drawing Editing Commands
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The commands covered in this section are all concerned with

editing and in some way manipulating existing graphics in a
drawing.
They fall into four major groupings:
 Deletion Operations;

 Transformations;

 Editing and Alteration; and

 Administrative Activities.
 Deletion Command
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 Command Erase
 Keystroke: Erase / E
 Icon
 Menu: Modify > Erase
 Shortcut menu:
 Select
the objects to erase, right-click in the drawing area, and
choose Erase.
 Result: Erases an object.
 Command: OOPS
 Command line: oops
 Result: Restores objects erased by the last ERASE command.
 Correcting Mistakes
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 U reverses the effect of the previous command.

 Command line: u Edit menu: Undo
 Shortcut menu: right-click in the drawing area

 UNDO reverses the effect of multiple commands and provides control over the
undo feature. This command is a more versatile version of the simplified U
command.
Command line: undo

 REDO reverses the effects of a single UNDO or U command.

Command line: Redo Edit menu: Redo
 Shortcut menu: right-click in the drawing area
 Selecting Objects
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• Before you can edit objects, you need to create a selection

set of the objects.
• A selection set can consist of a single object, or it can be a
more complex grouping: for example, the set of objects of a
certain color on a certain layer.
• You can create the selection set either before or after you
choose an editing command.
• Use one of the following methods to create selection sets.
1. Choose an editing command. Then select the objects and press ENTER.
2. Enter select. Then select the objects and press ENTER.
3. Select the objects with the pointing device. Then choose an editing command.
4. Define groups.
 Repeating Commands
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 You can repeat AutoCAD commands using one of several methods.

 To repeat the last command
• Press ENTER or SPACEBAR, or right-click in the drawing area and choose Repeat.
 To repeat one of the last six commands
1. Right-click in the command window or text window.
2. From the shortcut menu, choose Recent Commands, then choose one of the six most
recently used commands.

 To repeat the same command multiple times

1. At the Command prompt, enter multiple.
2. At the next prompt, enter the command you want to repeat.
3. AutoCAD repeats this command until you press ESC.
 Canceling Commands
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 You can cancel any command by pressing ESC, the standard

key to cancel actions in Windows programs.
 You can change the cancel key to CTRL+C, which was used
to cancel commands in previous AutoCAD releases.

 To change the cancel key

1. From the Tools menu, choose Options.
2. In the Options dialog box, choose the User Preferences tab.
3. Under Windows Standard Behavior, clear Windows
Standard Accelerator Keys.
 Text Commands
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 TEXT or DTEXT
 Creates one or more lines of text and end each line when you press ENTER.
Each text line is a separate object that you can relocate, reformat, or
otherwise modify.
 MTEXT
• Multiline Text Editor creates paragraphs that fit within a nonprinting text
boundary.
• You create the text boundary to define the width of the paragraph.
• You can also specify the justification, style, height, rotation, width, color, spacing,
and other text attributes using MTEXT.
• Each mtext object is a single object, regardless of the number of lines it
contains.
 Spell
 Checks spelling in a drawing
 Tools menu: Spelling
 Command line: spell (or 'spell for transparent use)
 Basic Utility Commands
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 REDRAW
 This command forces AutoCAD to re-display the graphics on the screen. This
has the effect of clearing away some extraneous graphics such as marker
"blips" that are left behind by pointing operations. (Blipmode=on or off)

SAVE
 Causes all editing changes to the current drawing to be saved to the disk
file. Should be done regularly during a long drawing session.

END
 Terminates the drawing editor, saves the current drawing to a disk file and
returns to the main AutoCAD menu.

QUIT
 Terminates the drawing editor without saving the changes made to the
current drawing. Returns to the main AutoCAD menu.