CO1

1. The primary R system is available from the ______

• a) CRAN

• b) CRWO

• c) GNU

• d) CRDO

2. Which of the following is used for statistical analysis in R language?

• a) RStudio

• b) Studio

• c) Heck

• d) KStudio

3. Point out the wrong statement:

• a) Key feature of R was that its syntax is very similar to S

• b) R runs only on Windows computing platform and operating system

• c) R has been reported to be running on modern tablets, phones, PDAs, and

game consoles

• d) R functionality is divided into a number of Packages

4. What is the output of getOption(“defaultPackages”) in R studio?

• a) Installs a new package

• b) Shows default packages in R

• c) Error

• d) Nothing will print

5. A single element of a character vector is referred to as ________

 • a) Character string

• b) String

• c) Data strings

• d) Raw data

6. Which of the following is the default prompt for the R environment?

• a) >

• b) >>

• c) <

• d) <<

7. R is mostly used in ______________

• a) Problem solving

• b) Statistics

• c) Probability

• d) All of the mentioned

8. What is the meaning of “<-“?

• a) Functions

• b) Loops

• c) Addition

• d) Assignment

9. In the expression x <- 4 in R, what is the class of ‘x’ as determined by

the class() function?

• a) Character

• b) Numeric

• c) Integer

• d) Word
 10.What will be the output of the following code?

> x <- 0:6

> as.logical(x)
• a) FALSE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE TRUE

• b) “0” “1” “2” “3” “4” “5” “6”

• c) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

• d) 6 5 5 3 2 1

11.What will be the output of the following R code?

> sqrt(-17)
• a) -4.02

• b) 4.02

• c) NaN

• d) 3.67

12._______ function returns a vector of the same size as x with the elements

arranged in increasing order.

• a) sort()

• b) orderasc()

• c) orderby()

• d) sequence()

13.Which of the following is used for generating sequences?

• a) seq()

• b) sequence()

• c) order()

• d) orderasc()

14.Which function is used to combine the elements into a vector?

• a) c()

• b) D()

• c) E()

• d) F()

15.In R using the function, ________ one can check the data type of a vector.

• a) typeof()

• b) castof()

• c) function()

• d) C()

16.What is the output of the following code?

fun1 = function(x, y) {
z=x+y
z=x-y
z=x*y
z=x/y
 }
print(fun1(10, 5))
• a) 15

• b) 5

• c) 50

• d) 2

17.What is the output of the following snippet?

fun1 = function(fruit = "Apple", veg = "Carrot") {

paste(fruit, veg)
}
fun1(veg = "Beans", fruit = "Banana")
• a) Banana Beans

• b) Beans Banana

• c) Apple Carrot

• d) Error

18.What will be the output of the following R code?

> f <- function() {

+ ## This is an empty function
+}
> class(f)
• a) “function”

• b) “class”
• c) “procedure”

• d) “system”

19.R has ________ statements that provide explicit looping.

• a) 2

• b) 3

• c) 4

• d) 5

20.What is the output of the following code?

fun1 = function(x, y) {
return(x * y)
}
print(fun1(c(1:4), c(3:4)))
• a) 3 8 9 16

• b) 1 2 3 4

• c) 3 4

• d) Error
CO2

1. Which function is used to generate random numbers from a normal

distribution in R?

• a) rnorm()

• b) runif()

• c) rexp()

• d) rbinom()

2. What is the default mean and standard deviation of the normal distribution

in the rnorm() function?

• a) mean = 1, sd = 1

• b) mean = 0, sd = 1

• c) mean = 0, sd = 0

• d) mean = 1, sd = 0

3. Which function is used to calculate the cumulative distribution function

of a normal distribution in R?

• a) dnorm()

• b) pnorm()

• c) qnorm()

• d) rnorm()

4. Which function would you use to find the quantiles of a chi-squared

distribution in R?

• a) dchisq()

• b) pchisq()

• c) qchisq()
 • d) rchisq()

5. How do you generate 100 random numbers from a uniform distribution

between 0 and 1 in R?

• a) runif(100, 0, 1)

• b) rnorm(100, 0, 1)

• c) rpois(100, 0, 1)

• d) rbinom(100, 0, 1)

6. Which function generates random numbers from an exponential

distribution in R?

• a) rexp()

• b) runif()

• c) rnorm()

• d) rpois()

7. What argument do you pass to rbinom() to specify the number of trials in a

binomial distribution?

• a) size

• b) prob

• c) n

• d) lambda

8. Which function would you use to calculate the density of a Poisson

distribution in R?

• a) rpois()

• b) ppois()

• c) dpois()

• d) qpois()
9. If you want to generate random numbers from a beta distribution in R,

which function do you use?

• a) rbeta()

• b) rnorm()

• c) rbinom()

• d) rexp()

10.Which function is used to generate random numbers from a t-

distribution in R?

• a) rt()

• b) qt()

• c) pt()

• d) dt()

11.Which function is used to create a box plot in R?

• a) hist()

• b) boxplot()

• c) plot()

• d) barplot()

12.What does the upper whisker in a box plot represent by default?

• a) Maximum value

• b) 75th percentile + 1.5 * IQR

• c) 75th percentile + 1 * IQR

• d) 100th percentile

13.How do you add a title to a box plot in R?

 • a) boxplot(data, title="Title")

• b) boxplot(data, main="Title")

• c) boxplot(data, heading="Title")

• d) boxplot(data, label="Title")

14.Which function is used to create a QQ plot in R?

• a) qqnorm()

• b) qqplot()

• c) qqline()

• d) qq()

15.What is the purpose of the qqline() function in R?

• a) To create a QQ plot

• b) To add a reference line to a QQ plot

• c) To add points to a QQ plot

• d) To label the axes of a QQ plot

16.How do you create a QQ plot comparing two datasets in R?

• a) qqnorm(data1, data2)

• b) qqplot(data1, data2)

• c) qqline(data1, data2)

• d) qq(data1, data2)

17.Which function is used to create a histogram in R?

• a) hist()

• b) boxplot()

• c) barplot()

• d) plot()
18.How do you specify the number of bins in a histogram in R?

• a) hist(data, bins=10)

• b) hist(data, breaks=10)

• c) hist(data, n_bins=10)

• d) hist(data, segments=10)

19.What argument is used to add a title to a histogram in R?

• a) title

• b) main

• c) heading

• d) label

20.How can you add color to the bars of a histogram in R?

• a) hist(data, color="blue")

• b) hist(data, col="blue")

• c) hist(data, fill="blue")

• d) hist(data, barcolor="blue")

21.What type of data is best represented with a dot chart?

• a) Categorical data

• b) Continuous data

• c) Nominal data

• d) Ordinal data

22.In a bar plot, what do the heights of the bars represent?

• a) The mode

• b) The median
 • c) The frequency or count of each category

• d) The variance

23.What is the primary purpose of using parallel boxplots?

• a) To show frequency distributions

• b) To compare distributions of multiple groups

• c) To display categorical data

• d) To summarize a single dataset

24.What type of chart is used to display the distribution of a dataset by

showing frequency counts in bins?

• a) Pie Chart

• b) Histogram

• c) Bar Plot

• d) Dot Chart

25.What does a boxplot display?

• a) Mean and mode

• b) Median, quartiles, and outliers

• c) Frequency distribution

• d) Variance only

26.In statistics, what is the purpose of a pie chart?

• a) Show frequency counts

• b) Compare means

• c) Display parts of a whole

• d) Analyze variance
 27.What information can you derive from the interquartile range (IQR) in a

box plot?

• a) The mean of the data

• b) The spread of the middle 50% of the data

• c) The outliers

• d) The total number of data points

CO3

1. What does the term "marginal table" refer to?

• B) A summary of totals in a contingency table

• A) A table showing only averages

• C) A graphical display of data

• D) A measure of central tendency

2. What statistical test is used to compare the means of one sample to a

known value?

• B) One-Sample T Test

• A) Two-Sample T Test

• C) ANOVA

• D) Chi-Squared Test

3. Why would a researcher use a Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test?

• A) To compare two independent groups

• B) To test for normality

 • C) To compare two related samples

• D) To assess variance

4. Which of the following describes a two-sample T Test?

• A) Tests for the mean of one group

• B) Compares the means of two independent groups

• C) Compares the medians of two related groups

• D) Analyzes the variance within one group

5. If you want to compare the variances of two samples, which test would

you use?

• A) One-Sample T Test

• B) F-Test

• C) Chi-Squared Test

• D) Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test

6. If you were to design an experiment comparing two treatments, what

statistical method would you employ to analyze the differences in their

effects?

• A) One-Sample T Test

• B) Two-Sample T Test

• C) ANOVA

• D) Kruskal-Wallis Test

7. When evaluating the effectiveness of a statistical model, which of the

following would be the most important factor?

• A) The complexity of the model

• B) The goodness of fit and predictive power

 • C) The number of variables used

• D) The simplicity of the interpretation

8. In the context of hypothesis testing, which statement is most accurate?

• A) A low p-value guarantees the null hypothesis is false

• B) A high p-value guarantees the null hypothesis is true

• C) P-values help assess the strength of evidence against the null

hypothesis

• D) P-values indicate the probability of the sample data

9. A researcher uses the wilcox.test function on two samples and gets a p-value

of 0.04. What can they conclude at a 5% significance level?

• a) Null hypothesis cannot be rejected

• b) Null hypothesis should be rejected

• c) Cannot conclude anything

• d) High chances of error

10.Which statement is false about group statistics?

• a) They show variations across different groups

• b) They help in identifying outliers in every group

• c) They provide a single statistical result for the entire dataset

• d) They find the correlation between the groups and the other variables

11.What is the primary purpose of a t-test in statistics?

• A) To compare the means of two groups

• B) To measure the correlation between two variables

• C) To calculate the median of a dataset

 12.To calculate the mean of a variable height grouped by gender using

dplyr, which of the following R code snippets is correct?

• A) summarize(group_by(data, gender), mean(height))

• B) group_by(data, gender) %>% summarize(mean(height))

• C) aggregate(height ~ gender, data, mean)

• D) Both B and C

13.In R, which function is commonly used to perform a t-test?

• A) t.test()

• B) cor.test()

• C) lm()

• D) mean()

14.Which of the following arguments in t.test() is used to perform a one-sample

t-test in R?

• A) x

• B) m

• C) y

• D) paired

15.What is the purpose of setting the paired argument to TRUE in

the t.test() function?

• A) To specify a two-sample t-test with unequal variances

• B) To compare two unrelated groups

• C) To perform a paired t-test on dependent samples

• D) To change the confidence level of the test

16.How can you specify a one-sided t-test in R using the t.test() function?

• A) Set alternative = "less"

• B) Set alternative = "greater"

 • C) Set alternative = "two.sided"

• D) Both A and B

17.Which output from the t.test() function provides the calculated t-value for

the test?

• A) p.value

• B) estimate

• C) statistic

• D) conf.int

18.If you have a dataset data1 and you want to test if its mean is significantly

different from 10, which of the following R code snippets is correct?

• A) t.test(data1, mu = 10)

• B) t.test(data1, mean = 10)

• C) t.test(data1, mu = TRUE)

• D) t.test(data1, alternative = "10")

19.What does the p.value output from the t.test() function indicate?

• A) The difference between the two means

• B) The probability that the null hypothesis is true

• C) The likelihood of observing the data if the null hypothesis is true

• D) The confidence interval for the difference in means

CO4

1. Which of the following best explains the purpose of a residual in a linear

regression model?

• C) It represents the error or difference between the actual and

predicted values.

• A) It measures the slope of the regression line.

 • B) It estimates the predicted value of the dependent variable.

• D) It indicates the strength of the relationship between variables.

2. When interpreting a Pearson correlation coefficient of (r = -0.8), what

does this indicate?

• A) A strong negative linear relationship.

• B) No linear relationship.

• C) A weak negative linear relationship.

• D) A strong positive linear relationship.

3. What does the slope coefficient in a simple linear regression indicate?

• A) The predicted value when (x = 0).

• B) The rate of change in (y) for a one-unit change in (x).

• C) The total variance explained by the model.

• D) The correlation between x and y.

4. Why are residuals important in assessing a regression model?

• A) They help compute the slope of the regression line.

• B) They measure the goodness-of-fit of the model.

• C) They indicate whether the relationship is nonlinear.

• D) They determine the correlation between two variables.

5. If the confidence interval for a slope coefficient in regression includes 0,

what does it suggest?

• A) The independent variable is not statistically significant.

• B) The relationship between the variables is positive.

• C) The correlation is high.

• D) The residuals are normally distributed.

6. Which of the following is a key assumption of Pearson correlation?

• A) The variables are nominal.

• B) The relationship between variables is linear.

• C) There are outliers in the data.

• D) The sample size is small.

7. What does a negative residual indicate in a simple linear regression

model?

• A) The predicted value is higher than the actual value.

• B) The correlation between the variables is negative.

• C) The slope of the regression line is negative.

• D) The residual plot shows no patterns.

8. In Pearson correlation, what does an r-value of 0 signify?

• A) A perfect positive correlation

• B) No linear relationship between variables

• C) A perfect negative correlation

• D) A nonlinear relationship between variables

9. Which term is used to describe the predicted values generated by a

regression model?

• A) Residuals

• B) Fitted values

• C) Outliers

• D) Variance

10.Which of the following is the purpose of a prediction interval in linear

regression?
 • A) To estimate the slope of the regression line.

• B) To provide a range where a new observation is likely to fall.

• C) To measure the correlation between two variables.

• D) To determine the significance of the intercept.

11.What does the coefficient of determination R² represent in a linear

regression model?

• A) The total variance in y explained by x.

• B) The strength of the residuals.

• C) The error in predicting x from y.

• D) The slope of the regression line.

12.What does a residual plot help determine?

• A) Whether the model is linear.

• B) The slope of the regression line.

• C) The correlation between variables.

• D) The variance of the residuals.

13.In a simple linear regression, which assumption is required for residuals?

• A) They must be proportional to x.

• B) They should be normally distributed.

• C) They should have a correlation with y.

• D) They should increase with x.

14.What does it mean if the Pearson correlation coefficient r = 1?

• A) The relationship between the variables is perfectly linear and

positive.

• B) The variables are independent.

 • C) The residuals are zero.

• D) The regression model has no error.

15.Which statement best describes a confidence interval in the context of

linear regression?

• A) It predicts future individual observations.

• B) It estimates the mean of future observations for a specific x.

• C) It calculates the error of the independent variable.

• D) It provides a range for the slope coefficient.

16.Which statement best describes homoscedasticity in linear regression?

• A) The variance of residuals is constant across all levels of x.

• B) The residuals are correlated with the independent variable.

• C) The dependent variable has a normal distribution.

• D) The correlation between x and y is close to zero.

17.What does the intercept b represent in a simple linear regression

equation?

• A) The change in y for each unit change in x.

• B) The value of y when x = 0.

• C) The total explained variance in the model.

• D) The correlation coefficient.

18.What is the difference between prediction intervals and confidence

intervals in regression?

• A) Prediction intervals are wider because they account for individual

variation.
 • B) Confidence intervals are narrower because they ignore individual data

points.

• C) Prediction intervals are always more accurate than confidence intervals.

• D) Confidence intervals provide a range for individual observations.

19.What does multicollinearity refer to in regression analysis?

• A) A strong linear relationship between independent variables.

• B) Nonlinear patterns in residuals.

• C) The constant variance of residuals.

• D) Outliers in the dependent variable.

20.In a linear regression, what is the main purpose of the F-test?

• A) To test the significance of the overall model.

• B) To measure the correlation between variables.

• C) To calculate the residuals.

• D) To determine the slope of the regression line.

CO5

1. In a One-Way ANOVA, what does the null hypothesis state?

• A) All group means are equal

• B) At least one group mean is different

• C) The variances of the groups are equal

• D) The sample sizes are equal

2. You conduct a One-Way ANOVA and find a p-value of 0.03. What does this

imply?
 • A) There is no significant difference between the group means

• B) At least one group mean is significantly different at the 0.05 level

• C) The data is not normally distributed

• D) The sample sizes are too small

3. Which of the following assumptions must be met for a One-Way ANOVA

to be valid?

• A) The data must be normally distributed

• B) The groups must have equal sample sizes

• C) The groups must have equal variances

• D) Both A and C

4. What is the primary purpose of Bartlett's Test?

• A) To compare means across groups

• B) To test for equal variances among groups

• C) To assess normality of data

• D) To analyze correlation between variables

5. You perform Bartlett's Test and obtain a p-value of 0.07. What does this

indicate?

• A) The variances are significantly different

• B) The variances are not significantly different at the 0.05 level

• C) The sample sizes are too small

• D) The data is normally distributed

6. If you find that Bartlett's Test indicates significant differences in

variances among your groups, what should you consider next?

• A) Use ANOVA with caution or switch to a non-parametric test

 • B) Ignore the results and proceed with ANOVA

• C) Increase the sample size for each group

• D) Conduct a paired t-test

7. Which of the following assumptions must be satisfied for Bartlett's Test

to be valid?

• A) Data must be normally distributed

• B) Sample sizes must be equal across groups

• C) Data must be independent

• D) Both A and C

8. In which scenario would you use the Kruskal–Wallis Test?

• A) When data are normally distributed and variances are equal

• B) When comparing the means of two independent groups

• C) When comparing the medians of three or more independent groups

with non-normally distributed data

• D) When analyzing time series data

9. Which of the following assumptions must be met for the Kruskal–Wallis

Test to be valid?

• A) The samples must be independent

• B) The samples must have equal variances

• C) The data must be normally distributed

• D) Both A and C

10.Why is it important to check for outliers in multivariate data before

performing multiple regression?

• A) Outliers can improve the fit of the model

• B) Outliers can distort the results and lead to incorrect conclusions

• C) Outliers indicate strong relationships

• D) Outliers have no effect on regression analysis

11.What type of data is required for the Friedman Test?

• A) Categorical data

• B) Ordinal or continuous data

• C) Nominal data

• D) Interval data only

12.Which of the following best describes the Friedman Test?

• A) A parametric test for independent samples

• B) A non-parametric test for related samples

• C) A test for equal variances among groups

• D) A test for differences in proportions

13.When plotting residuals against fitted values in a multiple regression

analysis, what are you primarily checking for?

• A) Normality of the residuals

• B) Independence of residuals

• C) Homoscedasticity

• D) Correlation between predictors

14.Why might you choose the Friedman Test over a repeated measures ANOVA?

• A) The data is normally distributed

• B) You have more than two groups to compare

• C) The assumptions of normality or sphericity are violated

• D) You are dealing with independent samples

15.In the context of regression analysis, what is the purpose of the ANOVA

table?

• A) To compare the means of different groups

• B) To assess the overall significance of the regression model

• C) To calculate correlation coefficients

• D) To determine the coefficients of the regression equation

16.In an ANOVA table for regression, what does the "Mean Square Regression"

represent?

• A) The total variability in the response variable

• B) The average of the squared deviations of the predicted values from the mean

• C) The variability explained by the regression model

• D) The variability not explained by the regression model

17.If the R-squared value in the ANOVA table is 0.75, what does this suggest

about the regression model?

• A) The model explains 75% of the variability in the dependent variable

• B) The model is not significant

• C) There is a 75% chance of predicting the dependent variable accurately

• D) The model is poorly fitted

18.If an ANOVA table shows a very small p-value (< 0.001) for the model, what

action would you take?

• A) Reject the model as insignificant

• B) Conclude that the model explains a significant amount of variance in the

dependent variable

• C) Perform a t-test for individual coefficients

• D) Gather more data

19.What is the purpose of conducting a post-hoc test after ANOVA in regression

analysis?

• A) To determine the overall significance of the model

• B) To assess individual predictors

• C) To compare the means of groups after finding a significant result

• D) To calculate the R-squared value

20.Which type of plot is commonly used to visualize the relationship between

multiple independent variables and a dependent variable?

• A) Scatter plot

• B) Box plot

• C) Heatmap
 • D) 3D scatter plot

CO6

1. What is polynomial regression?

• A) A type of regression model that involves linear relationships only

• B) A regression technique that models non-linear relationships by using

polynomial terms of the independent variable

• C) A regression method that uses only quadratic terms

• D) A technique that only models binary outcomes

2. In polynomial regression, what effect does increasing the degree of the

polynomial have on the model?

• A) It always improves the model's predictive accuracy

• B) It increases the model's flexibility to fit more complex relationships

• C) It reduces the model's likelihood of overfitting

• D) It always leads to a simpler model

3. Which of the following is a potential drawback of using high-degree

polynomial regression?

• A) It may lead to underfitting

• B) It simplifies the model interpretation

• C) It can cause overfitting and make the model sensitive to noise

• D) It can only be used with binary variables

 4. When fitting a polynomial regression model, how should the polynomial

terms be constructed?

• A) Each polynomial term should be an independent variable in the data

• B) Polynomial terms are created by raising the original independent

variable to increasing powers

• C) Polynomial terms should only include even powers of the original

variable

• D) Polynomial terms are only added if they pass a significance test

5. Which function in R is commonly used to fit a polynomial regression

model?

• A) lm()

• B) glm()

• C) polynomial()

• D) polyfit()

6. To add a quadratic term in a polynomial regression model in R, which of

the following commands is correct?

• A) lm(y ~ x + I(x^2), data = dataset)

• B) lm(y ~ poly(x, 2), data = dataset)

• C) lm(y ~ x^2, data = dataset)

• D) Both A and B

7. In the R function lm(y ~ poly(x, 3), data = dataset), what does the number 3

indicate?

• A) The number of independent variables

• B) The degree of the polynomial

• C) The number of observations

 • D) The significance level

8. Which function can you use to visualize a polynomial regression model in

R?

• A) plot()

• B) ggplot2::geom_smooth()

• C) curve()

• D) All of the above

9. What does the function call I(x^2) achieve in the formula lm(y ~ x + I(x^2),

data = dataset)?

• A) It converts x to a factor

• B) It treats x^2 as a mathematical operation to add a quadratic term

• C) It centers the data around the mean

• D) It generates polynomial contrasts

10.In R, how can you calculate the predicted values from a polynomial

regression model?

• A) Using predict()

• B) Using fitted()

• C) Using lm.predict()

• D) Both A and B

11.Which R package provides advanced plotting options for polynomial

regression models, especially with ggplot2 syntax?

• A) graphics

• B) ggplot2

• C) dplyr

• D) tidyr
12.If you want to examine the summary statistics (coefficients, standard errors,

etc.) of a polynomial regression model fitted using lm(), which function would

you use?

• A) summary()

• B) coefficients()

• C) print()

• D) anova()

13.In a two-way ANOVA with replication, what does “replication” mean?

• A) Having more than two independent variables

• B) Having more than one observation for each combination of factors

• C) Repeating the experiment under the same conditions

• D) Adding more than two levels for each factor

14.Which of the following is NOT an assumption of two-way ANOVA with

replication?

• A) The observations are independent

• B) The data for each group are normally distributed

• C) The variance within each group is equal

• D) There is a linear relationship between the variables

15.In a two-way ANOVA with replication, which of the following effects are

tested?

• A) The main effect of the first factor only

• B) The main effects of both factors and the interaction effect

• C) The main effect of the second factor only

• D) Only the interaction effect between the two factors

16.In a two-way ANOVA with replication, what does a significant interaction

effect indicate?

• A) The factors do not affect each other

• B) The effect of one factor depends on the level of the other factor

• C) Both factors have the same effect on the response variable

• D) There is no significant effect from either factor

17.Which of the following is a key advantage of using two-way ANOVA with

replication?

• A) It can analyze the effect of two categorical variables and their interaction

on a continuous outcome

• B) It requires only one level per factor

• C) It only tests for the interaction effect

• D) It does not assume homogeneity of variances

18.In the context of a two-way ANOVA with replication, what is the null

hypothesis for the interaction effect?

• A) The interaction effect between the two factors is not significant

• B) There is a significant interaction between the two factors

• C) Each factor has a main effect

• D) The main effect of each factor is significant

19.In two-way ANOVA with replication, if both main effects and the interaction

effect are significant, how would you interpret the results?

• A) Both factors influence the response variable independently

• B) The response variable is influenced only by the interaction of both factors

• C) Each factor has a significant effect, and the effect of one factor depends

on the level of the other factor

• D) Only the interaction effect influences the response variable

20.In two-way ANOVA with replication, which term represents the variation due

to individual differences within each combination of factors?

• A) Between-group variation

• B) Within-group variation

• C) Interaction variation

• D) Residual variation

21.When analyzing the results of a two-way ANOVA with replication, which of

the following p-value combinations would suggest that only the main effects

are significant, with no interaction effect?

• A) Factor A: p < 0.05, Factor B: p < 0.05, Interaction: p < 0.05

• B) Factor A: p < 0.05, Factor B: p < 0.05, Interaction: p > 0.05

• C) Factor A: p > 0.05, Factor B: p > 0.05, Interaction: p < 0.05

• D) Factor A: p > 0.05, Factor B: p < 0.05, Interaction: p < 0.05