Course – Bachelor of Physical Education

Year - Ist
Paper Name - Introduction to Physical Education
Topic Name - Introduction to Physical Education
Topic No. – 1 (a, b)
Paper No. – I
Lecture No. – 1

Lecture Name
Introduction to Physical Education

Introduction

Welcome to the energetic world of physical education. Today friends let us talk about physical
education, definition and importance of physical education in our life.

Physical Education is "education through the physical". It aims to develop physical

competence and knowledge of movement and safety, and ability to use these to
perform in a wide range of activities associated with the development of an active
and healthy lifestyle. It also develops confidence and generic skills, especially those
of collaboration, communication, creativity, critical thinking and aesthetic
appreciation. These, together with the nurturing of positive values and attitudes in
Physical education, provide a good foundation for’ lifelong and life-wide learning.

Introducing students to activities like bowling, walking, hiking, or Frisbee at an early age can
help students develop good activity habits that will carry over into adulthood.
Some teachers have even begun to incorporate stress-reduction techniques such as yoga,
deep-breathing and tai chi. Tai chi, an ancient martial arts form focused on slow meditative
movements is a relaxation activity with many benefits for students. Studies have shown that
tai chi enhances muscular strength and endurance, cardiovascular endurance, and provides
many other physical benefits. It also provides psychological benefits such as improving
general mental health, concentration, awareness and positive mood it can be taught to any age
student with little or no equipment making it ideal for mixed ability and age classes. Tai chi
can easily be incorporated into a holistic learning body and mind. Teaching non-traditional
sports to students may also provide the necessary motivation for students to increase their
activity, and it can help students learn about different cultures. Teaching non-traditional (or
non-native) sports provides a great opportunity to integrate academic concepts from other
subjects as well (social studies from the example above), which may now be required of
many P.E. teachers. The four aspects of P.E. are physical, mental, social, and emotional

Benefits of Physical Education

We know that physical activity can benefit participants in many ways. These benefits are not
however, natural by-products of random participation. Physical education programs must be
designed specifically to reach selected objectives. Some of the beneficial outcomes which can
be achieved though participation in the appropriate kinds and amounts of physical activity
are:
Reduced Risk Of Heart Disease:

Physical education can counteract major risk factors of coronary heart disease: obesity,
inactivity and high blood pressure.

Improved Physical Fitness:

A good program improves children's muscular strength, flexibility, muscular endurance, body
composition (fat-to-muscle ratio) and cardiovascular endurance.

Stronger bones:

Regular physical activity increases bone density to create a sturdy skeleton.

Weight regulation:

A good program can help children regulate their weight by burning calories, toning their
bodies and improving their overall body composition.

Health promotion:

Appropriate physical activity prevents the onset of some diseases and postpones the
debilitating effects of the aging process.

Improved judgment:

Quality physical education can influence moral development. Students have the opportunity
to assume leadership, cooperate with others and accept responsibility for their own behaviour.

Self discipline:

A good program teachers children to follow rules and established procedures and to be
responsible for the own health-related fitness.

Skill development:

Physical education develops skills which allow enjoyable and rewarding participation in
physical activities. New skills become easier to learn.

Experience setting goals:

Physical education gives children the time and encouragement they need to set and strive for
personal, achievable goals.

Improved self-confidence and self-esteem:

Physical education instills a strong sense of self-worth in children. They can become more
confident, assertive, emotionally stable, independent and self-controlled.

Stress reduction:
Physical activity is an outlet for releasing tension and anxiety.

Strengthened peer relationships:

Physical education can be a major force in helping children socialize with others more
successfully. Being able to participate in games and sports is an important part of fitting in,
especially for those in late childhood and early adolescence.

Reduced risk of depression:

Physical education is effective in the promotion of mental health.

More active lifestyles:

Physical education promotes a more positive attitude towards physical activity.

Aims

The aims of physical education are to enable the student to:

• appreciate and understand the value of physical education and its relationship to a
healthy, active lifestyle
• work to their optimal level of physical fitness
• become aware of movement as a creative medium connected to communication,
expression and aesthetic appreciation
• Develop the motor skills necessary to participate successfully in a variety of physical
activities
• experience enjoyment and satisfaction through physical activity
develop social skills that demonstrate the importance of teamwork and cooperation in
group activities
• Demonstrate a high level of interest and personal engagement showing initiative,
enthusiasm and commitment
• show knowledge and understanding in a variety of physical activities and evaluate
their own and others’ performances
• Demonstrate the ability to critically reflect upon physical activity in both a local and
intercultural context
• Demonstrate the ability and enthusiasm to pass on to others in the community the
knowledge, skills and techniques that have been learned.

Objectives

The objectives of physical education are split into 5 sub groups.

A. Knowledge and Understanding

demonstrate an understanding of the principles and concepts related to a variety of physical
activities
• Understand the importance of physical activity to a healthy lifestyle
recall and understand the various components that contribute to health-related fitness.
B. Movement Composition
At the end of the course in this we should be able to compose and communicate meaning and
ideas through movement.

C. Performance and Application

• Display acquired motor skills necessary to perform a variety of physical activities

• Apply tactics, strategies and rules in both individual and group situations
• Use movement concepts appropriately in relation to themselves, others and their
physical environment
• Apply health and fitness principles effectively through a variety of physical activities.
D. Social Skills

• work cooperatively
• respect themselves and their social and physical environment
• support and encourage others (towards a positive working environment)
• develop attitudes and strategies that enhance their relationship with others
• Show sensitivity to their own and different cultures.
E. Personal Engagement

• show initiative, creativity and a willingness to improve themselves

• take responsibility for their own learning process and demonstrate engagement with
the activity, showing enthusiasm and commitment
• show self-motivation, organization and responsible behaviour
• recognize, analyse and evaluate the effects of a variety of physical activities on
themselves and others
• Reflect upon and evaluate their own performance in order to set goals for future
development.

Importance of Physical Education (slides)

1 Helpful for Natural Development - Man’s body develops very naturally from the prenatal
stage to the old age. When this natural development is accompanied with some physical
exercises it improves the energy level of the body. Considering this fact even special body
exercises are suggested for the pregnant women. In the same way there are different types of
exercises for different age stages like infant, adolescent, young, adult and old age. This
exercise becomes like a supplement to natural development in scientific way. The balanced
emotional development is possible only with good body health and development. It can be
considered as a fundamental use of physical education.
2 Body Charm - Beautiful body is considered as the first step towards success in life.
Therefore people do so many efforts for well figured body. The beauty of the body depends
on healthy muscles. Body can be well shaped through physical exercise just as an expert
sculpture brings out a beautiful idol by carving an ordinary stone structure. The secret of
charming body lies in the muscles of the body. From the very ancient time sculptures have
been giving the importance and value to the beauty of the body. Keeping that image of
beautiful and handsome body in our mind, we can also mould our body by giving enough
exercise to the muscles. Thus we can get proper advantage of physical education.
3 Strong and Healthy Body -We can make our body stronger and healthier through physical
education. The significance of strong body lies in the happiness that we get after doing some
hard physical or mental work. In other word for a strong person hard work does not remain a
matter of tiredness. The reason of physical weakness found in the society is that physically
man is not strong and healthy. Man feels weakness and tiredness even after small physical
work. Its psychological effect takes place that man does not stand for any physical work.
Therefore on the large scale the society has to suffer as a lack of work efficiency and
willingness for that. But the truth is that the peace and happiness of fresh life is possible only
through hard work. It is physical work and effort through which we can fulfill our all the
basic needs. Strong body is always healthy. Strong and healthy body can protect itself from
various diseases because its immunity also remains strong. Healthy man can suffer hardness
of all the seasons whether it is hot or cold or rainy season. In short, he can enjoy the pleasure
of all things in nature.
4 Boosts the Self Confidence -There is no doubt about the advantages of physical education
for strong and healthy body. Therefore the saying is also heard that healthy mind resides in
healthy body. A healthy body is the gateway for reaching the Supreme soul. Strong and
healthy body can give boost strength and increases the self confidence. And for the man who
is full of self confidence even the problems become a game playing. He can pass his life with
full happiness and peace of mind. It will become a service to humanity, if this psychological
secret of advantage of physical education is spread and attract the people towards it
5 Development of Discipline- Physical education develops not only self discipline but also
supports to maintain external discipline on man. Discipline is as important as the food for
life. People with uncontrolled behaviour deny any kind of restriction and control. But they
don’t know that the real freedom lies in restriction. The pain of restriction itself becomes the
pleasure of freedom. Physical education is a never failing key to bring discipline. Self
discipline comes in man while concentrating on and following different rules of the games.
This self discipline comes into action through different activities and arts and thereby creates
interest in life. Well organized life style leads man towards living happy and peaceful life.
6 Character Building in Life- The presence of the three qualities- energy, character and
beauty in life is very important for being a complete man in Indian culture. Energy and
beauty are the direct advantage of physical education but indirectly it builds character too.
Character can be developed well by physical education. The process of character building
through physical education is so gradual that it can not be seen directly but can be felt. All the
weaknesses from man’s life fall down like the dry leaves from the tree. The ideal form the
culture and the civilization of any nation and society is developed through good character. All
the vices like violence, wars, jealousy, unhealthy competitions, hatred, etc. give way to the
character.
7 Constructive Use of Time- It is man’s natural desire that he or she wants relaxation from
work. In the state of relaxation man neither works too much nor takes complete rest but he
combines both the work and the rest. In combining the rest and the work, most of the people
waste time in gossiping, playing card games, and other useless activities. Physical education
provides new option in place of such useless activities. And this option is always healthy.
Today there are entertaining games and skills available for playing. The saying “One way for
Two” comes to true when man gets both the physical advantage and the entertainment
through physical education. In this way physical education becomes the best means of
entertaining activity or time pass during the spare time
8 Helpful for Awareness in Society- Physical education is helpful for creating intimacy with
society. In physical education team spirit is very important. Team is like a family. It is a
miniature form of society. Team is the centre where the person gets opportunity to know the
importance of cooperation with other people. According to the saying “With One Hand No
Clap”, the person cannot get complete advantage of physical education on his own. This
limitation motivates man to cooperate with others. Thus man develops faith in the feelings of
communality and oneness with others. This faith becomes a part of man’s character and
connects man with his or her family, society, nation, and the world. Physical education
prepares an ideal citizen unknowingly and unintentionally. And such ideal citizen breathes in
the air of freedom in the society being free from limited narrow mindedness. He creates
happiness not only for himself but also for the society. Thus people devoted to the society,
nation and the world can be prepared through physical education.

Need and importance of physical education in modern era are as follows:

a. A physical educator considers the child as a storehouse of various mental, social and
physical qualities. He tries to develop all the innate qualities with the help of various physical
activities, which are parts of physical education.

b. Various kinds of physical activities help in developing the organic system and functioning
of the body. They also improve the abilities of human being to resist fatigue, to remain active
and perform efficiently.

c. Physical activities help in developing various kinds of intellectual qualities inherent in a

child. Thus with the help of physical education, it is possible to develop children
intellectually.

d. By participating in various kinds of physical activities, children becomes emotionally

mature.

e. Generally, more than one player participate in physical activity and when people’ of
different background and society come into personal contact with each-other, they learn to
work in groups, with utmost co-operation and co-ordination.

f. By participating in physical activities, qualities of group efforts, loyalty to the team and
strong ties can be developed in participants. These qualities help in building a good moral
character of the individuals.
g. To participate in any event, all the players are required to learn the fundamental skills and
rules of the games as well. If they do not work according to the rules, they can be disqualified
even from the game.

h. Human body is a composition of muscular and nervous systems, and to keep the body in
proper condition, it is necessary to keep these systems fit and in good working conditions.

These systems will function properly if there be a kind of co-ordination between them. Such
kind of co-ordination can be developed with the help of various physical activities. Thus,
physical education helps in developing the neuro-muscular systems of the human body.

i. In all the team sports or in those activities in which more than one player participate, one
player is appointed as the captain who functions as a leader.

When such kind of act is done at school level, player working as a leader gets various
qualities of self-confidence, intelligence and loyalty, which helps him not only in school time
but throughout the life time.

j. When children or any individual participate in any sport or physical activity, the first thing
that he is taught is that they are playing or participating in the game not to win but to perform
well.

k. Today, activities of physical education are being organised on national as well as on

international levels. When players of more than one country take part in the games, they
come in personal contact with each other.

Conclusion - On the basis of above discussion it can be said that physical education plays a
very important role in the modern world and everyone must participate in any kind of
physical activity