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Computer Assignment (1)

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3 views

Computer Assignment (1)

Uploaded by

hamren716
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Assignment

Introduction to Computing
(From Saqlain Saqib to Miss Sara Yousaf)

1. History of Computer Science

When we examine the history of computers, we begin in the early 1900s, when
the first mechanical computers were born. These early machines were large and
mostly focused on math.

The Abacus, which was the very first computer, is kind of like the old-school
calculator from way back when. It’s a simple but clever tool used for counting and
basic math stuff. People think the Abacus came from ancient Mesopotamia or
China. It’s made up of beads or stones on sticks inside a frame, and by shifting
these beads around, folks can do math calculations.

In the 1940s, something really important happened with the ENIAC.


which was one of the first all-purpose electronic computers. It was massive and
used vacuum tubes to do its thinking. Later on, computers got better when
transistors took the place of vacuum tubes. This switch made computers smaller,
faster, and more dependable. That's when the second generation of computers
began.

2. Basic Machine Organization

Understanding how a computer is put together inside is like figuring out how all
the pieces work together to get things done. It's like a team effort among different
parts inside the computer to keep it running smoothly.

Each part, such as the CPU, memory, and storage, has its job to do. The CPU is
like the brain, handling all the thinking and math stuff.
Memory works as the computer’s short-term memory, holding onto data needed
right now. And storage, like a hard drive, stores things for the long haul, even
when the computer is off.

When these parts team up, they help your computer run programs, save info,
and finish tasks for you. It's like a well-oiled machine where all the computer
parts work together like a team to.

3. Computer Graphics

Computer graphics is a field of computer science that focuses on creating,


displaying, and manipulating visual content using computers. It plays a significant
role in various industries, including entertainment, design, gaming, education,
and virtual reality.

Key Concepts in Computer Graphics:

Types of Graphics: Rendering, User Interface, Modeling, 2G Graphics, 3D


Graphics, Applications, Design.

Rendering: The process of converting 3D models into 2D images. It involves


adding details like light, texture, and shadows to make scenes look realistic or
stylized.

User interaction: Graphics play a role in making software visually appealing and
user-friendly through elements like icons, buttons, and animations.

Modeling: The creation of a digital representation of objects, characters, or


environments is often done in 3D software.

2D Graphics: deals with flat images like drawings, charts, and photos. These are
often used in UI design, illustration, and desktop publishing.
3D Graphics: Involves creating images or scenes that appear three-dimensional.
This is commonly used in movies, video games, and architectural modeling.

Applications: Entertainment: movies, video games, virtual reality.

Design: CAD (computer-aided design) for engineering and architecture.

How Computer Graphics Work:

Computer graphics rely on hardware (like GPUs) and software to process


mathematical data and display it visually on screens. Specialized software like
Photoshop, Blender, or Unity is often used for creating and editing graphics.

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